MARCH 1969

5oc

Volume I Number 4 ( Whole Nunber 4 )

PERPETUAL

MOTION

JOURNAT
1616 South Compton Averue St. Louis, Miesouri 63LO4

Edltor

IRVIN

R.

BARRoWS

f-

Will the 2lst Century

A systems engineer worns lhal the 2l st cenluty moy rewrile ,he Lsws of Noture as underclood by 2Olh cenlury science. lhus technolggies lhol today ore "scientilically impossible" moy some doy come inlo being. By Joy Mendell
ln looking 50 or 100 yeors oheod, o {orecosler will likely dismiss o technology thqt is strictly prohibifed by the Lows of Nolure os they ore now understood. Who, in 1885, would hove forecosl weopons ond power plonts bosed on splitling lhe "unsplittoble" olom? The Lows of Nolure ore re-wrillen qs our underslonding of the universe deepens ond broodens. Thus on experl knowledge of todoy's science moy octuolly preclude on qccurole forecost of tomorrow's technology. As on exomple of the perishobiliry of rhe Lows ol Noiure, we moy toke Newton's lows f or the motion o{ bodies. Al the beginning ol the 20th ceniury, Newlon's lows musl hove seemed os close lo obsolute trulh os qny scientist could desire. For 200 yeors, they hod described with complete precision the troieciories of every sorl of body studied by experimentol science. Bul when qtomic ond nucleor physics developed, Newion's lows proved less thon ollencompossing.ln predicting the molion o{ superfost porlicles coming out o{ lronsmuting moller, Newlon's lows foiled miserobly, ond hod to be reploced by Einstein's Theory of Relotivity. No motter how occurole ond how veneroble o theory moy be, it moy one doy turn oul lo be involid in some orea of opplicbrion. The theory need noi be discorded oltogether; it moy simply be lobeled "noi suitoble for use in oll regimes." A cose in point is the First Low of Thermodynomics. This low stotes: (l) heol ond work ore lorms of energy ond (2) workincluding electricity-con be obtoined only if energy or heol is used up. This principle is olso colled the Low of lhe Conservotion of Energy. The Firsi Low of Thermodynomics wos formuloled qbout l84O ond enioyed greol success until the eorly 1900's. Nolurolly, the physicists of 1895 would be perplexed by our modern nucleor power plonts, which (from their viewpoint) consume no {uel, ond therefore generote electricity in o monner conirory lo lhe First Low. Thusihe Firsi [ow, ofter more thon 50 yeors of success, hod to be revised becouse o new energy source-lhe decomposition o{ moiter-hod been discovered.

Repeol the Lows of Noture?

Since we know lhot our 1968 nucleor industry is impossible by lhe conons of lglh century physics, we moy well exPecl lo see technoloov in lhe 2l sl cenlurv lhot will v'iolote our 1968 science. 'be o possibiliry o{ monufocturing For in'sionce, there moy thot will violote the Second Low ol oower in some sorl of detice ihermodynomics. The Second Low holds thol in ony energy conversion-os from lighr energy into energy of molion-some energy is wosled, lhot is, converted to heol lhot is dissipoted in

lhe environmenl.
The Second Low is

o slriclure ogoinsl certoin Processes lhol mosl

Jav Mendell is engoged in fuel cell reseorch for o Conneclicul

oerospoce comPonY.

He received his doctor' ole in physics lrom Rensseloer Polylechnic lnslitvle in 1964.
engineers would deorly love io occomplish, such os building o mochine thot monuloclures sleom ond ice by roking in cool woler

ond nothing else.

The Second Low obslrucls lhe operolion of fuel-less power plonts' Norhing in the First low prohibirs us lrom building on engine thot tokes heot from lhe oceon wolers ond lurns oll this heqt to electricity, but lhe Second Low worns us lhol: L Only o porlion o{ the heot con be mode inio electricity. 2. The remoining Portion must be reiected. 3. lf rhe engine is lo work ol oll, the outgoing heot must be put into o region o{ lhe oceon thot is colder thon lhe originol heot

source.

4. The engine will not work elficienrly unless ihe originol heoi source is coniiderobly wqrmer lhon the region where wosle heot is
dumped.

ln "pumping" heot out of food, o refrigerotor consumes elec' tricity. lt would be nice to oPerote lhe refrigerolor on lhe.heoi coming out of the food, thereby cutting down the eleciric bill, bur lhe Second low forbids it. The Second Low does more lhon debunk the dreoms of mechonicol engineers. ll forms, olong with the Firsi Low, the bosis of

thermolynomic lheory, which hos guided the design of olmost every engine ond chemicol Plont. luccessful opplicolions of the Second low opPeor to volido.te ii, but it moy be lhot the regime of involidiry hos simply not yel been encounlered in proclice.

i i i
I I

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Violcrtions of Second Lcw Are Foreseen

lhot the ol Heol, Moxwell po'nr"d ourindividuol ,--1:::l:::"""t' is in its moleculer' Bv ton'puLiing i'unnotu'ol processes" thol tit
Theory

j'"',T;**::*jt;r,,:"9 jl,t'l;*:*:f energy of moiler ;il:;lTiI

'
we do

well suggested, one might ttttl violote lhe Second' Low' - -se. '

nit monipulote individuol

..il".:'"'l;1.':itli*":#1il;ir"::i:l{}:;l"l':::lt obout o differenl regrme rn

fost, ond
suooose

individuolotlenlion''ni{ormlemperotureTheindividuol lmogine o vessel of :it:-t'^tu,' soeeds, t"''o,"i.'l'n"ii; lrom very slow to (other molecules ore moving ol folie, m'olecules. Ler us -porrions, o{ ihe mosr.

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lhol the

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hole'

close this

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qndtior

ihere is o smoll demon rhor con

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etpendilure

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his

own energy' The demon seis oul

i

A' lo troFr fost molecules in comporlmenf t t; l:, " ."' ?lnl;::, " li: " fl'ff ;';;, ": he succeeds 'r.*'','"J ".ii ", "'"""T[' rn time *'L1': :iJ: ;::::JiJenergy ''-n- cotpotrrnenr A thot it is quite ""i*-o' in iropping so much ;;;;[ti; clmportmenr t ogrt wherher ,,Moxwetl's demon" is ': :,'i: Scientists hove never body blow to the Second Low' merelv o clever porodox o' o'it-u" j:"15i',J.'i:i,;::::''*,3fS:X'l;

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opponenl's "J;;;;;;;;o't troPdoor voiiotions o{ the )'-totl'"ly' otton" in scientific rc-. W Ehrenb"'n't o"'t'"]" i-i-"t;.on, November' ]111 l, t. rhor individuol molecule-s (ond The simple {oct' os | :"j,i:.Ji"rl;.; ;;i subiect to the Seiond

to' ri'i' or-rhor reoson' bur one con lurv-rrs orgumenl'

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.t

',:"J;:'JfIii,'.',''"'nfr:ti#t:i:':ift':l'l'm:*:ll; t:T;#il"i
thermodvnomics

ot" 9"'1"

,"tif

this motier once

:lj'[:Tn;rll:ii:[::.:jiTY];i::lli:iii*:::ur: the old be built ond demonslroled. 'H.';;ii

meon thot tu:tt* ,l1::.:ii^^i""".t would prove nothing' bul to be relormuloled Engineers "tould t""i..it""i'* n'ouii ho""

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the Secbnd Low quite cleorly opposes lhot line of otlock. But derren-like mochines. bosed on processing o{ individuol molecules lmight be worlh o look-see. As o motier of foct, the Russions hove olreody set up on insiitute to study the "limiredness of the Second Lqw of Thermodynomics," occording to Scientific Reseorch (April, 1968). The Second [ow moy withslond oll ossoults {or o long while lo come. ond even if it is proven experimentolly to hove limitolions, new industriol opplicotions bosed on such limitotions moy be even longer in coming. Bul when we lhink 50 to 100 yeors oheod, we should qllow for rhe possibility thot there moy be mochines thot will violoie the 1968-style Lows of Nolure I hove no wish to loul demon-like energy conversion os lhe power syslem o{ the future. I merely wish lo suggesl thot there is no lheory so high-ond-mighty thot it con'l hove regimes of ino pplicobility. This suggests lhot lhe long-ronge forecqsler trying to guess, lel us soy, the slole o{ engineering in 2020 is in o predicomenl. He connot predict the stote of scienlific knowledge in 2020, but he con be sure thoi by the stondords of thot ero, his '1968-style knowledge will be loughobly ontique. Whoi should he do? I rhink this is o question lhol we fulurists need to oddress ourselves lo. (Mendell's oddress is: 2l Kins Edword Rood, Wsr Hortlord, Conr'eciicul 061 17.)

Thls article by Dr. Mendell ls from the October 1968 lssue of The FLI'IIJRIST and was prlnted by special pernlssloi-ffiffiTlD FUTURE socIETy,i.o. Eox 19285, Twentleth Stree! Statlon, Washlngton D.C.
The FIIIURIST

ls a very scholarly publlcatlon whlch ettempts to predlct the future by careful arlalysls of preseut treDds. It does not carry artlcles about perpetual motlon. Uost of lts authors have Doctorate degrees aad nany of lts readers are corporatlon executlves. Subscrlptlon ls $5.00 a year for 6 Lssues. A sanple current or back lssue ls one dollar.

20036 .

Dr. Ueodetl is a very busy rrlter and lecturer on technology and the future and does not have any tlme to aaswer letters from lnvetltors or arurteurs. Scletrtlst. wlth advanced degrees who are attenPtlng to vlolate lhe secood law of therrnodynamics nay

wrlte to

him.

ITIAGNETIC PERPETUAL MOTION?

bY Gaston Burrldge

Perp\tual motlooS rthat do we mean by trperpetualtr? Wha! do we mean by nmotlonrr? AII presently knort matter Is belleved !o have had a deflnlte beglnnlng and rslll have a deflnlte endlng--even the entlre unlverse. I ftod lt very dlfficult to conceive of getting nsonethlngrt for nothlngrt out of such a setup. A relatlve prlce must be attached lo all thingsr anlmalr vegetable' mlneral, physlcal, mental, psychlc or energy. Sor let us begln by no! looklng rrforeverrr!
One lnterestlng nalural trmotlonri ls magoetlc--but thls one proves a long, long way fron rrperpetualrr' Though lt may funclloD over extended perlods lt ceases

word rrperpetualrr. Present sPohlstlcaced rneasuring devlces lndlcate oagnetlc fleLds created by pernanent magnets deflnltely grow weaker and snaller I'lth tlme. Electromagnetic flelds, of course, cease almost as soon as the potentlals creatlng and feedlng them stoP. Over the last seventy five years considerable experfuaentlng has been done with permanent r0agnetic motors--!hat lsr attempts !o create rotory motlon uslng permanenL magnets as the source of power. Several such motors have recelved U. S. Government patents. A11 of these lssued patentsr at presentt have become rtpubllc ProPertyrr by virtue of tlme llnltations applled to all lssued patents. I have made extended search of palent flles and have located the fol.lowing patent numbers whi.bh appear to cover the exlent of thls tyPe of magoetlc notor posslbllitles. There are llkely others existing which I have missed. The method of llstlng Patents ls qulte comPllcatedt requtrlng nuch searchlng aBd llttle flnding. The Llst.ed patent numbers may be obtalned 1o copy forn from the U, S. Patent Officer Washldgton, D.C., at flfty cents per coPy. Some time may be required to fill orders coverlng these itelos because of thelr age, consequently thelr small reserve nunber of copies.
4.

far lhort of a PerpetuaL siatus--as I understand the

U, S. Pateat #118351721 for a permanen! magnet motor was lssued to Arthur PoweLl of Drumrlghtr oklahomat December 8, 1931. Hls filing for this patent was made Decembe\5, 1929. Half inLerest ln this patent as asslgned to ;am6s'W. Honey' also of Drumright, Oklahorna. As far as knor.n no attemPt was or had been subsequently made to manufacture any of these devices no! were further patents lndicated.
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I

ln one senser perhaps lt should not be included here at al1 because nany electrlc motors are, of courser rtnagnetlc motorsrr of this lyPe. But lhere are some poltrts ln thls motor which might well be applied !o permanent magnet motors so it ls lncluded. As far as known, Mr. Poysa fonned no corporatlon to manufacture his
permanent ones, hence,

U. S. Patent lll'963r2L3 for a magnetic motor was lssued to J. tJ. Poysa of Hol-lywood, Callfornla, June 19, 1')34. This ls a nuch more compllcated nachine than the Powell one and involves e lec tromagnet ic s rather than

motor.

Mr. Harry L. Worthlngton of San Francisco, CaLlfornia, was awarded U. S. Patent 1'1118591643. on l4ay 24, 1932, coverlng a magnetic motor of the Peroaneot magnet tyPe' Mr. I,lorthlngton apPears to have formed two corPorations to exploit hls lnventlous; The Magnetlc Moeors Corporation' aad the Fuelless Magnetic Motorsr Ltd. He also aPpears to have been lssued other Patents for sirnllar or funproved devlces of thls s:rme nature. Mr. worthlngton passed away many years ago and as far as known hls corporatlons have shut up shop long since.
A very early magnetlc motor ls descrlbed ln the March of Harperts Magazine. This same motor was also wrltten up in trThe Theosophistrt for November 1879r pages 54, 55, 56. llhtle thls motor vas not Patented' the HarPerrs arlicle did carry several drawings lLlustrating some lnteresting asPects of the device and if one were inclined towards experinenElng hg rnig$e well duplicate this machlne and see if it really performs as described. The wrlter of lhis artlcle says he saw the device operating. However t present day physlcists who have revlewed the article recently say the devices rrcannot work .
1879 lssue

Another U. S. Patent' 11Ir8591764' was ar^tarded to ceroge H. Bougon' l(ay 24, 1932, fot a magnelic device having several 'lmotionrr possibilities which were, according to \rd to me from Bougon hirnself, applled to a rrmotorrr Loncept. Bougon was the victim of tragic circumsEances as far as his ltfe and his magnetic inventions were concerned. During the later part of his days I had considerable correspondence rzith him concerning these devices and their applications. As his life ebbed he sent me many drawings and descriptions of his work.Among the things he wrote was that a model of his magnetlc moior ran for more than nlne months without stopping and would have run Longer but hras destroyed ln a mlne fire whlch burned down his shop and all that was in lt. Bougon was the mlners machinist. This fire swept away his work of a lifetime in magnetics. A11 he had left was what he could rernember, and he had no money to get started again. My own experlments with several of his devices--ones he had sent me and ones I had made--indicated to me that the basics of Bougonts claims were justified. I have hoped chat someday I would be in a posltion to experiment fully aLong these Lines and perhaps, posthumously, bring some sort of recognitlon to his long efforts.

All- the patent numbers given above have Passed into rrPublic ProperEy" sEatus, a position into which aIl U.S. Pacents pass rr'1th time--seventeen years. Anyone rnay buildt use, apply, any of the ideas covered in these Patents now r\'ithout fear of infringement suits. Both magnetic materlals and non-magnetic ones have improved greatly in the last few years. This reason alone should make exPerimenting with permanent magnet motors of htgh inlerest.

of the great difficulties with Past permanent magnelic motors has been that they became fsoakedrr with thelr own magnetism and thereby gradually turned inOne

operative.

A great deal of new information covering magnetlsm and magnetic materials has come to light recently. The
September, 1967, on I'materials" contains, on page 222, a good artlcle tilled, rrThe Magnetic Properties of MaEerialstr.

Scientiflc American, in lts highly important issue of

It is not impossible that as our knowledge along these llnes lncreases manklnd will be able to bulld permanen! magnetically propelled motors whlch, whlle not approaching the rrperpetual't sLate, wlll operate Iong bgough to make them economlcally feasable. And, of course, there are many places where such a motor would be a godsend to manrs machines.

ls an arnazing picture showing a Hendershodt type of motor or energy converter built by one of our subscribers. One can see hundreds of hours spenL ln building this carefully deslgned devlce. From correspondence I have learned lhat he has had more success than Hendershodtt the woman in the picture is Hendershodtrs widow, and Ehat he would prefer not to have his name in the Journal. He has sent some of the orlginal drawings of Hendershodt and though I canit understand then I will have some of the clearer photocopies ln future issues of the journal. Color photos the same sLze as below or 35 nm slldes of thls picture can be obtained by usiag the order blank.
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NEW PERPETUAI MOTION CONCEPT

t--

PAMMACNETIC GAS DRIVE THEORY

The

mentihed in a lecter sent to subscribers with lhe 3rd. Journal in Aug. of 1968. Since then the editor and one reader

theoretical aspect was

have made experiments us ing oxegeonrwhlch is a paramagnetic rrc6 gas, and some 2000 gauss magnets orl its buE all- results have been fail- one. a Nheel with lloatscYlinderPe,4 riDherv. or a sphere or ures. Oxegeon is a gas whlch Fie. 6 is mounled so lhat one-half wa!r while can be attrqcted by a magnet so ol'it is in a tank D of the tank, or is outside

placed in a balloon and th.aother halfchamber. The uPward in vacuum suspended from lhe ceiling and a pressure ol the watr on the Part immcrsd in it produces rotatlon. powerful mg[e! brought at an angle nex! to it. It was hoped that the molecules of gas in being attracled to the magnet would strlke the inslde of the balloon at an angle and cause the ballon to rotate. The balloon did rotate because of twist of the string and static electrlcal charges on the surface of lhe balloon. While the edltor considers the theory !o be good he realizes tha! either the gas molecules must be slowed down or a different gas found or a more powerful magnet used or somethlng substituted for lhe rubber ball.oon. Some other change of which he ls not aware mlght result in a successful working model.
some Lras

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BIBLIOGMPHY OF PERPETUAL MOTION ARTICLES

zs. $!ggiq&-1{rngl!g, vo1.64 Page 328 May23' lsel Inventors of Perpetual Motion Machines.

is wrltten in German and has never been lranslated into English. Publlshed in 1966. Pictures give funpression it involves sun porter and ocean waves.
page bookle!

30.

PERPETUUM MOBILE

by Adalbert Bela Brosan. This

24

InteresLing presentallon of the law of conservation. of energy and how a perpetual motlon machine could be made from a teleportatlon machine and inlerestlng result lf the power produced were not used.
15

31. GALAXY

Science

Fictlon' Uarch 1969 pages

1456'146.

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Gontlnued from

third journ l

There is an invention based on the principle that "if a frictionless or nearly frictionless piston is shot by atmospheric pressure and energy into a cylinder in which a vacuum xists, the force of impact, after the

pact through an air-bufter arrangement to drive the shaft. The pistons are connected to the moying parts of the engine to return them to their original positions. Another idea is that of having a high-speed elctric motor, started by an accumulator, to store up mechanical energy in fly-wheels, and by means of .reducing gearing, to drive two slorv-speed dynamos, which are stated to generate sufficient currnt for external vork and to supply the

engine drives compressors which compress gas and pass it through cooling tubes to be liquefed. The liquefed gas is pumped into a reser-

motor. In another arrangement, a vapour

piston has traveled a short distance and strikes a solid surface, is greater than that required to bring back the shot piston to its original position." Two cylinders are used, each provided with a shot piston and with a
second piston

voir and is again evaporated at atmospheric .pressure to drive the

vapour engrne.
pend upon a revised statement of the first and second laws of thermody-

Another invention is stated to de-

for receiving the im-

namics, and

to consist of a

special

vessdl through the valves

Comoressed

air is forced into

stated that "under the action of the interiral pressure of the vesscls, and after a slight impulse has been given to same, in the direction of the arrow, the whole apparatus will begin to move and continue to do so without ever stopping, the velocity cor-

P. It

each is

responding io the Pressure cstablistied within the vessels." The magnetic motor is another form of perpetual motion machine. A good example, invented in 1894' is ihown in Fig. zo. A series of permanent magntts a ar mounted on a 6xed frame d so as to lorm two semlcircles eccentric to the shalt ?, and tte like poles of the magnets

cycle of working in which the hcat rejected in the Carnot cycle is intercepted and rturned to the source, thus making it possible to convert into motive power the diftused heat at ordinary iemperatures that exists in the atmospherc or elsewhere. Thc motor shown in Fig' 19 was invented in lqo2. Thc vessels D, c, d, and e are irounted on a shaft c, and have onc side f tangntial to the

shaft, and the other side radial.

way. Two permanent magncts I are mounted on arms I on the shalt, their similar poles facing toward the magnets c, The action of thc magrets c causes the magnets to rot te as shown in thc cnd view, ig. zr. The magnetization of the
Iace one

an armature nets
d,

c is increased by means of the windings shown, current being generated in the coils by means ol
magnets

ried by a whel n on the shaft t which rotates in front of the mag-

l.

The armature is car-

CASSIER'S MAGAZNE

PERPETUAL MOTION MACHINES

Anotler form is shown in Fig. 23. wheel o is fitted with a numb"er 6f pcrrnannt magnets D. Around the rheel is a fixcd ring c fitted with iron blocks sliding in grooves and noved by means of rods e, the opends of which run in cam 3rooves in a whecl i mounted loosely on the shaft. On turning the wheril ri, the blocks slide successively into tl:c positions shown in the two 69-

125

mosphere, and thc rverse motion of th pistons ensues. Thcse operations are rpeatcd cbntinuously to producc pcrpetual motion. The motor shown in Fig. 24

and rotate the wheel o,

and the connecting-rods ar :cted to the cranks shown, so as the pistons move in and out, displacement takes plac in thc ders. In operation, one cylin'st opened is first ooened to e <nrrrcp nf a source of and the other cvlinder to cylinder atmosphere. The piston in the er under pressure moves outthe othcr piston moves inx'ard, the liquid in one piston passes to othcr. The cylindcr originally to thc atmospherc iJ now I to thc source of pressure, thc cylinder is opened to the at-

when flattened, are of the same as the piston-rods by which

to

tte with each other. The ends of the pistons are flatpass btwen the rollers r,

nrction with petrol, electricity, and other sources of power is thereby rcmoved. The weight of the rider on the saddle places a pressure on thc water in the hollow bar D. This water passes through nozzles and drives a turbine whecl B,' it thn passes to a chamber G from which it is pumpcd back to thc bar D by pumps II. The pumps are driven Irom the wheel I through th spur gearing shown, thc vcrtical spindle M having a cam groove into which blocks on each pump rod engage. The cycle is driven by a belted connection with the turbinc.
From thc loregoing examples, it is evident that much ingenuity and thought have been spent upon the subject of prptual motion, and that in many cases it rvould be loolish to supposc that thc inventors are

should be particularly interesting to motor cyclists, for all expense in con-

thoughr as to principle and detail in many of the inventions, demonstrate that many men still cling to the idea that perpetual motion ii pnssible, and that they themslvs are successfully solving the problem.

cranks; on the contrary, the care and

27

R. G. LeToURNEAU Inventions and Patents

April 1'

19

50

-Because I have made appLication for letters patent on hundreds of inventions and have the rePutation for being a pace setter in Ehe earth moving industry, I get a tremendous amount of mail from inventors seeking my advice, my opinion and financial help. Some people want me to buy their ideas and some want to make me a present of thern. Because of lhis I would like to make a few comnents about invenlion co our rrNOWrr readers. These letters and personal request, many of them long distance phone calLs, come from men and women in all walks of life, yes, a lot of preachers too. I hope my remarks will not discourage anyone in going ahead with their invention, especially those who feel the Lord has given them the idea. I know a number of people who have set about to build and market the machines they have invented and have made a real success of it. But outside of those who have been mechanics to go ahead and develop the idea themselves; those who have studied and know the laws of friction, the strength of material, machine design etc., I do not know of anyone who has made anything out of their invention. (0f course there probably are somer but out of the many thousands I have just never run across one.) What the average person does not seem to realize is that no one can really tell whether an invention is good, bad, or indifferent until it has been manufactured, marketed and accepted by the public, and even then someone else may come along with one so much better it becomes worthless, Even when many machines have been put into salisfactory service and millions have been spent on it, t have seen a prior idea gradually take precedence over it. In other words, it took many millions to prove which nas the best idea. 0n the other hand, many a good idea is lost because the man who holds the Patent cannot develop it, and the man who could develop it, would be foolish to spend large sums developing the other manrs invention when, nine limes out of ten, he has plenty ideas of his own which he could more profitably be working on. I have scores of

patentsble ideas that I dare not think too

much

about, because I have already sPent more money to develop, and there isnrt much use patenling an item unles\you are going to develop it.

History proves that the man who invents something is generally considered crazy until his invention is accepted and the public is willing to pay the cost of it. And because of that factr many people who do not understand the laws of force and motion think they have discovered perpetual motion.
My contention is that if in my own field and Ehe particular EyPe of machinery that I have worked in all my life, I cannot tell whether a new

in

idea will be a success or not without spending large sums of money developing it, then how can I look at the other man's invention, probably in a diffrent field from mine, and give him a worEh while opinion. Then if it ltas in my field, I wouldnrt dare look at it because I might be developing something similar.
People dontt reali,ze that Palents generally come, and should comer after a cerEain amount of developmen has been done. You work towards the accomplishment of a problemr and when you find a way to do it, you apply for a patent. Too many people apply for a Patent and lhen Ery to fjad out how to do it, and thaE makes il hard' because iE simply becomes an obstacle which the man doing the developing has to get around and generally does overcome, because nine-tenths of a successful invention is development. When it comes to the mere concePtion of an ideal thatrs just a seed you plow, plant, irrigate, and cultivate and thent nine times ou! of !en, after all that workr you find ic rvas a weed seed' The trouble is today, when a manufacturer starts to build a machine, he doesnrt go to the Patenl office lo find out how to build it; but he does go there to find out how NoT t.\ build it I understand the word patentt means rr to make public.tr lrm patenting my ideas on the Porter of the Gospel of Jesus christr not for my protection al-

together, but for the Protectlon of all those accept it. END

who

T
Thls Journal has increased from 24 pages to 28 pages rsilh a paper cover lnstead of our previous cover. Thls. was done because we found a large printer who r." )!1" to also do Ehe collating, stiching and trieing if rce ordered this form. We anticipate sendlng with the 5th Journal a cover to hold sgveral Journals.
TA3IE OF
CONTENTS

Repeal Laws of Nature? By Dr. Jay Mendell... Page llagnetlc Perpetual Uotlon? Gaston Burridge ...., .. .,.,...... Plcture of Hendershodt tyPe motor. Patent Number Lr859 t764 Magnetic Devlce ...........
ParamagneLic Gas Drlve

I
4
7

Btbllography oumbers Patent trumber L'835t72\ Pernanent Magnetlc Motor Cassler's Reprlnt part 4 . Ioventioa and Patents by R.G. LeTourneau

Experlments. 29, 3Ot and 31.

........ .......

15 15

. L6 24
28

PUBLICATION THE EDITOR HAS FOUND OF IMEREST

POWER Aero SPace ProPulsion System of the future. In the Second Edition 5th Printlng on pagei 4 6.5ls an interestlng article about the Blefeld-Broun experlmenEs showlng a possible llnk between gravl tynull ficatlon and the amount of mass between condensor plates. Welght loss ls small bur experlments are continuing and from a llttle seed a great oak nay grow. The rest of the book ls a collectlon of varlous conflictlng theories on what gravlty ls and how !o neutrallze lt. Send $1.00 to ANII-GRAVITY RESEARCH 8635 Kittyhawk, Box 734 Los Angeles, Callfornia 90045 VORTE\ ATOM BOOKLET by C. F. Crafr is a real buy at only 25c for Ehose who have had sorne college atornlc physlcs or chernlstry. Since he loses noney on every copy he sell he only advertises in publlcations such as Science Dlgest. Hls ptoofs that the atom does not

ANII-GRAVITY

have a nucleas are more convlnclng than If you have ever studied the duality of wave you w111 find his book chalanglng.

I expected. partlcle and