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Code No: R7210306

II B.Tech I Semester(R07) Supplementary Examinations, May 2009 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Distinguish between crystalline and non- crystalline solids? (b) Explain common types of bonds between atoms in solids with respect to their nature of bonding and properties. [8+8] 2. (a) What are intermediate phases? Discuss various types of intermediate phases? (b) What is the importance of ratio (of radius of interstitial to solvent atom) 0.59 in interstitial compounds? [8+8] 3. Discuss the eect of carbon on: (a) Easy melting of cast iron as compared to steel? (b) Introduction of eutectoid reaction not taking place pure iron? (c) Increasing strength in slowly cooled steels? (d) Increase the transition temperature. [4+4+4+4]

4. What are four basic types of cast Irons? Explain them with respect to properties, microstructure with a diagram and applications? [16] 5. (a) Distinguish between hardness and hardenability. (b) Critically discuss Pack carburizing of steels. [5+11]

6. (a) What alloying elements are commonly used in the commercial aluminium alloys? And explain their eect on structure and properties of alloys. (b) In what way the mechanical properties of aluminium and its alloys be increased? Discuss. [8+8] 7. (a) What is breakdown voltage? Breakdown usually occurs on the surface, why? (b) What are piezoelectric ceramics? Explain them. 8. (a) Mention the important properties of graphite and its applications. (b) Discuss briey multidirectional weaving techniques to produce composites. [8+8] [6+10]

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Code No: R7210306

II B.Tech I Semester(R07) Supplementary Examinations, May 2009 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Name and discuss atleast four important metallic properties? (b) What causes to show metals to show alloying behavior? 2. Write a short note on : (a) Multiphase alloys (b) Grain size measurements (c) Polycrystalline materials (d) Industrial applications of commercial pure metals. 3. (a) Discuss the eect of alloying element of Fe-Fe3 C diagram? (b) Discuss the eect of carbon on i. Mechanical properties ii. Grain size. [8+8] [4+4+4+4] [8+8]

4. What are four basic types of cast Irons? Explain them with respect to properties, microstructure with a diagram and applications? [16] 5. (a) Explain the remedial measures to prevent oxidation and dacarburisation of steels during heating. (b) Explain the construction of T-T-T curves. 6. Explain why? (a) Solution treatment time is greater for casting than for an equivalent wrought form. (b) 5 percent Tin bronze is stronger than 5 percent zinc brass. (c) Cast bronzes are extensively cored than cast brasses. (d) Both strength and ductility increases with increasing zinc content in alpha brasses. 7. (a) Graphite and carbon are excellent refractory materials. Justify the statement. (b) Compare silicon carbide and boron carbide with respect to their properties and applications. [8+8] 8. (a) What is the role of matrix in a composite material? Discuss various types matrix materials. (b) Indicate any one important metal matrix composite and mention its characteristics, properties and applications. [8+8] [16] [6+10]

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Code No: R7210306

II B.Tech I Semester(R07) Supplementary Examinations, May 2009 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Show that body centered cubic crystal having atomic packing factor is 0.68? (b) Calculate theoretical density of an element having BCC - Iron ? [8+8]

2. (a) Calculate the width of a large angle boundary in copper if its grain boundary energy is 0.55 Jm2 and the latent heat of melting is 1020 J atom1 (assume the disorder is a boundary to be equal to that in the liquid) (b) What are multiphase alloys? Explain their applications? [8+8]

3. (a) Explain the procedure of preparation of steel samples for metallographic examination? (b) Under Microscope grain boundaries appear black. Why? (c) Ferrite and Cementite both etch white but their mixture pearlite normally appears as black and white plates. Why? [8+4+4] 4. (a) What is sensitization? Give the remedial measures? (b) Give the composition, microstructure, properties and applications for the martensitic stainless steels? [8+8] 5. (a) Draw the representative cooling curves for annealing, normalizing and hardening on an isothermal transformation diagram of an eutectoid steel and explain. (b) What is the purpose of normalizing? And calculate the normalizing temperatures for a 0.3%C and 0.6%C steels. [8+8] 6. (a) With schematic sketch explain how ductility and tensile strength change with increase in percentage of zinc in brasses. (b) What is the purpose of addition of Tin to alpha, and alpha-Beeta brasses? What are their commercial names? Mention their properties and applications. (c) What is dezincication. Explain. [6+6+4]

7. (a) Dierentiate ceramic and non-ceramic materials. Also describe in brief the glass ceramic materials. (b) Sketch and describe the fundamental structure of cadmium sulphide and aluminium nitride. [8+8] 8. (a) What is a composite material? List their advantages over other materials. (b) What is the role of a matrix in a composite material? Classify matrix materials, giving examples, explain them. [6+10]

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Code No: R7210306

II B.Tech I Semester(R07) Supplementary Examinations, May 2009 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Explain the procedure step by step in determination of miller indices of a lattice plane. (b) Find out the miller indices for the intercepts of 3units on positive X - axis, 2 units on positive Y - axis and 1 unit on positive Z - axis. [8+8] 2. (a) Calculate and compare the number of octahedral and tetrahedral holes in BCC structure. (b) Compare & Contrast Tetrahedral voids & octahedral voids. [6+10]

3. (a) Show by calculation how many unit cells of iron share one carbon atom when it is dissolved to the maximum extent to the gamma iron. (b) FCC-iron has more dissolution of carbon at eutectoid temperature than BCC- Iron even though FCC-iron has more atomic packing factor than BCC- Iron. Explain why? (c) Close packed crystal structure is invariably stable at lower temperature if a metal shows allotropy. But the case of iron is exception. Why? [8+4+4] 4. Distinguish between malleable Iron and ductile iron in terms of (a) Manufacturing Process (b) Structure (c) Properties (d) Applications. 5. (a) Attempts to nitride a plain carbon steel will not be successful. Why? (b) Compare pack carburizing with gas carburizing. [4+12] [4+4+4+4]

6. (a) What are the important uses of pure copper? Indicate the general relationship between properties and the phase diagram of the copper-zinc system. (b) Briey classify the brasses and given examples. 7. (a) Graphite and carbon are excellent refractory materials. Justify the statement. (b) Compare silicon carbide and boron carbide with respect to their properties and applications. [8+8] 8. (a) What is the importance of ber-matrix interface? (b) Discuss indetail short ber reinforced MMCs. [4+12] [10+6]