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Parts of a power supply Ripple Voltage Regulation Capacitor input filter RMS ripple and ripple voltage DC voltage output Effect of capacitor sizing
EE 21 Slides (AAMS)
Ripple Voltage
A rectified AC signal will have a DC (steady) component and an AC (varying) component known as the ripple. Ripple is given by the equation
EE 21 Slides (AAMS)
Example
The following readings were obtained in measuring the output signal of a filter circuit:
EE 21 Slides (AAMS)
Voltage Regulation
Describes the amount of change between the no-load and load conditions of a power supply.
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DC voltmeter: 25 volts DC AC voltmeter: 1.5 volts RMS Compute for the ripple of the filter output. Ans: 6%
%V .R.
Where %V.R. voltage regulation VNL = DC voltage at no-load VFL = DC voltage at full-load
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Example
A DC voltage supply provides 60 V when the output is unloaded. When connected to a load, the measured voltage drops to 56 V. Calculate the voltage regulation. Ans. 7.1428%
Vr ( rms ) 0.385Vm
r Vr ( rms ) Vdc 0.385Vm x100% 121% 0.318Vm
Capacitor Filter
Capacitor develops voltage from the output of the rectifier circuit (RC charging) The capacitor discharges during down time of rectifier circuit cycle
Vdc 0.636Vm
EE 21 Slides (AAMS)
Vr ( rms ) 0.308Vm
r Vr ( rms ) Vdc 0.308Vm x100% 48% 0.636Vm
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Example
Calculate the ripple voltage of a full-wave rectifier with a 100-F filter capacitor connected to a load drawing 50mA.
EE 21 Slides (AAMS)
DC Voltage Vdc
Vdc Vm I dc 4.17 I dc Vm 4 fC C
Ans. 1.2 V
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Example
If the peak rectified voltage for the previous filter circuit example is 30 Volts, calculate the filter DC voltage.
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Example
Calculate the ripple of a capacitor filter for a peak rectified voltage of 30 Volts, a capacitor C = 50F, and a 50 mA load current.
EE 21 Slides (AAMS)
Ans. 4.3%
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Current calculations
T I dc 1 I peak T T I peak I dc T1
Where T1 = diode conduction time T = rectifier period (note that its twice for the fullwave) Idc = average current drawn from filter Ipeak = peak current through conducting diodes
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