Practice Exam Ch 15

1. The bone marrow is where A. immune responses to antigen occur. B. blood stem cells give rise to immature lymphocytes. C. antigen is filtered from the blood. D. antigen is filtered from tissue fluid. E. T lymphocytes complete maturation.

2. The progeny cells of a B-cell clone are called A. antibodies. B. sensitized T cells. C. activated macrophages. D. plasma cells. E. Bursa cells.

3. Helper T cells A. secrete antibodies. B. function in allergic reactions. C. directly destroy target cells. D. suppress immune reactions. E. activate B cells and other T cells.

4. Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions A. are the result of genetic expression. B. function in recognition of self molecules. C. receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system. D. aid in cellular development. E. All of the choices are correct.

5. The major histocompatability complex is A. a group of blood vessels that protects the nervous system. B. a set of genes that code for MHC cell receptors. C. also known as the complement system. D. located in the thymus gland. E. All of the choices are correct.

6. Class II MHC genes code for A. certain secreted complement components. B. self receptors recognized by natural killer cells. C. all HLA antigens. D. receptors located primarily on macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells. E. All of the choices are correct.

7. The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is very different from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the A. variable region. B. joining region. C. constant region. D. light region. E. hinge region.

8. Properties of effective antigens include all the following except A. foreign to the immune system. B. molecular complexity. C. large molecules with a minimum molecular weight of 1,000. D. large polymers made up of repeating subunits. E. cells or large, complex molecules.

9. The molecular fragment on an antigen molecule that a lymphocyte recognizes and responds to is called a/an A. epitope. B. hapten. C. antigen binding site. D. variable region. E. None of the choices are correct.

10. Superantigens are A. body tissues that the immune system mistakes as foreign. B. cell markers found in some member of a species but not in other members. C. bacterial toxins that activate T cells at a 100 times greater rate than other antigens. D. those that evoke allergic reactions. E. None of the choices are correct.

11. Antigen presenting cells A. include dendritic cells. B. include macrophages. C. engulf and modify antigen to be more immunogenic. D. hold and present processed antigen on their cell membrane surface. E. All of the choices are correct.

12. Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin? A. It determines the antibody's distribution in the body. B. It forms the antigen binding sites. C. It contains an effector molecule that can bind to cells such as macrophages and mast cells. D. It contains an effector molecule that can fix complement. E. It determines the class to which the immunoglobulin belongs.

13. Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule thereby disrupting their activity? A. Neutralization B. Opsonization C. Complement fixation D. Agglutination E. Anamnestic response

14. The immunoglobulin class that has a dimer form found in mucus, saliva, colostrum, and other body secretions is A. IgA. B. IgD. C. IgE. D. IgG. E. IgM.

15. The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is A. IgA. B. IgD. C. IgE. D. IgG. E. IgM.

16. All of the following are characteristics of IgM except A. it has 10 antigen binding sites. B. it contains a central J chain. C. it is the first class synthesized by a plasma cell. D. it can fix complement. E. it is a dimer.

17. The immunoglobulin class that has an Fc region that binds to receptors on basophils and mast cells is A. IgA. B. IgD. C. IgE. D. IgG. E. IgM.

18. The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are A. IgM only. B. IgG only. C. IgD only. D. IgM and IgG. E. IgE and IgA.

19. The most significant cells in graft rejection are A. helper T cells. B. suppressor T cells. C. cytotoxic T cells. D. B cells. E. natural killer (NK) cells.

20. Which are the first to attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells? A. helper T cells B. suppressor T cells C. cytotoxic T cells D. delayed hypersensitivity T cells E. natural killer (NK) cells

21. Cytotoxic T cells A. stimulate B cell proliferation. B. lack specificity for a target cell. C. secrete granzymes and perforins that damage target cells. D. secrete interleukin-2 to stimulate B and T cells. E. All of the choices are correct.

22. Which type of cell is severely depressed in AIDS patients? A. Cytotoxic T cells B. Helper T cells C. B cells D. Plasma cells E. Suppressor T cells

23. In the primary response to an antigen, the first class of antibody to be secreted is A. IgD. B. IgE. C. IgG. D. IgM. E. IgA.

24. In the secondary response to an antigen, the predominant antibody is A. IgD. B. IgE. C. IgG. D. IgM. E. IgA.

25. Which antibody confers the most important specific local immunity to enteric, respiratory, and genitourinary pathogens? A. IgD B. IgE C. IgG D. IgM E. IgA

26. Cody is 4 months old and is given an MMR injection by his pediatrician as part of the routine immunization schedule. What type of immunity is this? A. Natural active immunity B. Artificial passive immunity C. Natural passive immunity D. Artificial active immunity E. None of the choices will protect him.

27. Edward Jenner's work involved A. inoculation of dried pus from smallpox pustules into a person to stimulate immunity. B. development of passive immunotherapy. C. development of an immunization to protect people against cowpox. D. immunization using a related, less pathogenic organism to give protection against a more pathogenic one. E. All of the choices are correct.

28. Live, attenuated vaccines A. include the Sabin polio vaccine. B. include the measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (MMR). C. contain viable microbes that can multiply in the person. D. require smaller doses and fewer boosters compared to inactivated vaccines. E. All of the choices are correct.

29. The DTaP immunization A. contains diphtheria toxoid. B. is administered in childhood. C. contains tetanus toxoid. D. contains a pertussis vaccine with acellular capsule material. E. All of the choices are correct.

30. Antibody molecules circulate in lymph, blood, and tissue fluids. True False

31. Antibody molecules can act as enzyme to directly destroy an antigen. True False

32. Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artificial passive immunity. True False

Practice Exam Ch 15 Key

1. B 2. D 3. E 4. E 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. E 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. E 17. C 18. C 19. C 20. E 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. E 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. E

30. TRUE 31. FALSE 32. TRUE