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C h a pt er 1 M ul ti pl e C h oi ce Q u es ti o n s
Na me: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
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___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

1)

paradigm ________. A)

is a group of several hypotheses that can be tested together B)

is a C)

dominant view in science

can only D)

come from qualitative data

is E)

synonymous with the scientific method

can only

Objectiv e:

come from quantitative data

1.4 Scientific Method

2)

Advanc es in agriculture ________. A)

did not B)

increase the amount of food per person from a global perspective

do not C)

include chemical fertilizers

are viewed as one of humanity's greatest failures D)

have E)

resulted in increased death rates

have

Objectiv e:

resulted in alteration and destruction of natural systems

1.5 Pressures on the global environment

3)

The

scientific process and knowledge is based on ________. A)

observation B)

testing C)

hypotheses that are built on observations

the fact that hypotheses can be proven D)

just E)

quantitative data

educated

Objectiv e:

guesses

1.4 Scientific Method

4)

Scientifi c inquiry is based on ________. A)

an B)

incremental approach to truth

facts that C)

can only be proven by testing hypotheses

the D)

production of technological advances

designing E)

experiments that have never been done before

making huge leaps with scientific insights

Objectiv e:

1.4 Scientific Method

5)

hypothesis is ________. A)

a prediction about something that is uncertain B)

a testable C)

proposition that explains a phenomenon or answers a question

an D)

instrument that is used to examine environmental conditions

the design of an experiment that can be used for the process of science E)

a proven

Objectiv e:

scientific fact

1.4 Scientific Method

6)

Sachiko having a discussion about the scientific method. Sachiko makes the comment that and every time she sees people carrying open umbrellas, she also sees several small Fred are car accidents. This is a(n) ________. A)

hypothesis B)

theory C)

about umbrellas

theory D)

about car accidents

scientific E)

study

observation

Objectiv e:

1.4 Scientific Method

7)

An

experiment ________. A)

is an activity designed to test the validity of a hypothesis B)

often C)

involves manipulating as many variables as possible

does not D)

need to be repeated

involves only collection of quantitative data E)

is designed

Objectiv e:

to prove a scientific hypothesis

1.4 Scientific Method

8)

Ecology is ________. A)

concerned B)

only with solving environmental problems

the study of organisms and their interactions with each other and with the environment C)

a subfield of environmentalism D)

not a crucial discipline to environmental science E)

the study of animal behavior

Objectiv e:

1.3 Interdisciplinary nature of environmental science

9)

Accordi ng to Edward O. Wilson, biodiversity ________. A)

cannot be B)

conserved

is a C)

nonrenewable resource

will recover over time D)

can recover quickly with human intervention E)

is a resource that can be used endlessly for human good

Objectiv e:

1.5 Pressures on the global environment

10)

In

general, natural resources ________. A)

should not B)

be used

should be C)

conserved

belong only to those on whose property they exist D)

are evenly E)

divided among all countries

should be

Objectiv e:

used by everyone equally

1.2 Natural resources and their importance

11)

Solution s to environmental problems ________. A)

can be B)

implemented only by scientists

must be C)

sustainable

must be on a local scale D)

must be E)

short term

are best

Objectiv e:

discussed in the political arena

1.6 Sustainability

12)

Ruben has a new puppy

and wants to feed it the best possible food. He decides on an experiment where he will feed it the very best canned food plus a dietary supplement of vitamins recommended by a veterinarian. Which of the following best describes Ruben's project? A)

This is an B)

example of an excellent, controlled experiment as it is written.

Ruben needs careful measurements of the puppy's weight and height at least once a week to take for it to be a good experiment. C)

Ruben needs the amount of exercise, sunshine, water, and care that the puppy gets each to control for week, so that they are equal from week to week. D)

Ruben needs mother's 6-year-old chocolate Sharpei to feed a standard diet so he can to use his compare his puppy with a control dog. E)

This is not

Objectiv e:

an experimentthere are no controls or replicates.

1.4 Scientific Method

13)

The by which several researchers review another researcher's manuscript prior to process publication to ensure research quality is referred to as ________. A)

scientific B)

community

investigative inquiry C)

peer review D)

quality E)

control

critical

Objectiv e:

analysis

1.4 Scientific Method

14)

Rocks,

wind, water, temperature and solar radiation are all examples of ________. A)

nonB)

renewable resources

abiotic C)

environmental factors

biotic D)

environmental factors

renewable E)

resources

biodegradabl e materials
Objectiv e:

1.1 Environment

15)

Why

was human population growth initially regarded as a good thing? A)

fewer B)

children to support folks in old age

greater pool of workers and helpers C)

to spread D)

democracy through all countries

to spread E)

religion around the world

larger

Objectiv e:

armies for conquering new lands

1.5 Pressures on the global environment

16)

Malthus was responsible for ________. A)

the book The

B)

Population Bomb, which described the disastrous effects of human population growth

the idea social strictures, the increase in the human population would lead to famine that, without and war C)

the concept population growth would lead to greater industry and prosperity through that human education D)

instituting E)

fertilizer use for agriculture

the political

Objectiv e:

stance that the environment was important in its own right

1.5 Pressures on the global environment

17)

Ehrlich' s predictions have not come true on the scale he imagined because ________. A)

Malthus was right B)

agricultural advances have been made in recent decades C)

pollution has reduced the birth rate in all countries D)

government s controlled birth rates in all countries E)

medicine

Objectiv e:

has not advanced as rapidly as he predicted

1.5 Pressures on the global environment

18)

The

cumulative total and kind of living things on Earth is ________. A)

called B)

taxonomy

its C)

biodiversity

increasing D)

rapidly

its E)

environment

an abiotic

Objectiv e:

factor

1.1 Environment

19)

You have read about the

mistakes made on Easter Island. On Tikopia, another small island, the people acted in other ways. When they realized that the pigs they had imported were damaging the environment, they killed them all. They had to have permission from a chief to fish, which prevented overfishing. They practiced contraception. These all indicate that ________. A)

they B)

believed in full resource utilization

they felt that everything was a nonrenewable resource C)

they felt that everything was a renewable resource D)

they were E)

concerned with only one year at a time

they truly

Objectiv e:

practiced sustainability

1.6 Sustainability

20)

The

oceans face pressure from ________. A)

increasing B)

whale populations

the C)

Endangered Species Act

overfishing D)

too many E)

preserves

lack of

Objectiv e:

predators

1.5 Pressures on the global environment

21)

Sustain able development ________. A)

ensures an B)

economy that will decline over time

means C)

consuming resources without compromising future availability

is impossible to accomplish D)

is beyond E)

our current technology and attitudes

is possible

Objectiv e:

given our increased use of fertilizers and technology for agriculture

1.5 Pressures on the global environment

22)

Pesticid e use ________. A)

may be a B)

necessary part of modern technological agriculture with monocultures

can be C)

eliminated by changing the season when crops are planted

will be D)

eliminated as pests are decreasing as a consequence of years of pesticide use

poses no E)

environmental threat in this country

will not be a problem as we learn to genetically modify predators

Objectiv e:

1.5 Pressures on the global environment

23)

In a

controlled experiment, ________. A)

the B)

researcher has several hypotheses, one of which will be proven correct

the C)

researcher knows the outcome before she or he begins

the D)

researcher controls for the effects of all variables except one

the E)

experimental organisms have all been used before and given good results

you need

Objectiv e:

only a single experimental organism; replicates are not needed

1.4 Scientific Method

24)

Qualitat ive data ________. A)

are data that are expressed as numbers and tested using statistics B)

can be C)

acquired in the detailed examination of personal interviews or observations

have D)

variables that may not have been properly manipulated

cannot be E)

used to support or disprove hypotheses

cannot be

Objectiv e:

replicated

1.4 Scientific Method

25)

A ceutical company wishes to study a possible new headache medicine. They are pharma doing human trials with 1,000 volunteers and need to ________. A)

have 10 B)

volunteers in the control group

put all C)

women in the control group and all men in the experimental group

divide the D)

groups by level of health

give all E)

groups the same amount of the new medication

control for

Objectiv e:

the type of headachestress, migraine, or other causes

1.4 Scientific Method

26)

A results are deemed worthy of acceptance into the body of scientific knowledge if study's they are published in journals which ________. A)

use the peer review process B)

charge a C)

high fee for acceptance

are funded by corporations funding the research D)

meet E)

guidelines advocated by environmentalists or consumer groups

conform to

Objectiv e:

current political and religious views

1.4 Scien tific Meth od