EXAMEN PARCIAL DE TERMODINAMICA

1) Datos 20c atm; = 80%

CH 4 = 72%
20 C ,1atm; = 80%

H 2 = 9%
N 2 = 74%

CO2 ; N 2 ; H 2O

aire

O2 = 2%

CxHy

CO2 = 3%
Solucin:

Considerando 1 kmol de combustible para una combustin completa, hacemos el

balance ( = 80% del aire)
0, 72CH 4 + 0, 09 H 2 + 0.14 N2 + 0.02O2 + 0.03CO2 + at ( O2 + 3.76 N2 + XH2 O )
x1CO2 + yN 2 + zH 2 O ..ecuacin general
n=

m
= ( 4.767 x ) moles totales del aire
H

t ,aire = 4.76 + x
PV =

V
xPT
T

= PT = 101,325 KPa

PV
Pg Temp.mezcla

Pg = presin de saturacin del vapor a la temp. de la mezcla

Pg 20C = 2,3385 kpa (tabla)

0.8

x
1
x101.325 x
2.3385
( 4.76 + x )

X = 0.08954 en (i) tenemos

0.72CH 4 + 0.09 H 2 + 0.14 N2 + 0.02O2 + 0.03CO2 + at ( O2 + 5.76 N2 + 0.0895H2 O )
xCO2 + yN 2 + zH 2 O................................. ( ii )
Valanceando
C : 0.72 + 0.03 = x
X = 0.75
H : 2 x 0.72 + 0.09 + 0.0895 = z

z = 1,61954

O : 0.02 x 2 + 2= 0.03 + 2at + 0.0895 = 2x+z;

at = 1,465

Reemplazando en (ii)
0.92CH 4 + 0.09 H 2 + 0.14 N2 + 0.02O2 + 0.03CO2 + 7, 6195 ( O2 + 3.76 N2 + 0, 0895H2 O )
0, 75CO2 + 5, 6484 N2 + 1, 61H2 O
maire 1.465 x138.89 kg aire/kmol
=
a) r a c =
mcomb
17.58 kg comb/kmol
kg aire
r a = 11,5743
c
kg comb
b) Pv prod =

v prod
Tprod

Pv prod =

xTtotal prod
1.61
x101,323kPa
8.01794

Pv prod = 20,346 kPa

Interpolando
20 ------------------- > 60.06C
20,346 -------------- > TR.R
25 ------------------- > 64.97c
Tp. Rocio = 60.3997C
Prob. 2
200% e x aire
CH 4

CO2
C.C.
Pcte

Tp

O2
N2
H2O

Solucin:
CH 4 + ( 1 + ex ) a ( O2 + 3.76 N2 ) xCO2 + yO2 + zN2 + wH2 O
CH 4 + 3at ( O2 + 3.76 N2 ) xCO2 + yO2 + zN2 + wH2 O.............. ( 1)
Ecuac. Estequiomtrica (1 k mol de combustible)
CH 4 + at ( Oc + 3.76 N2 ) xCO2 + zN2 + wH2 O................ ( )
Reemplazando en 1
CH 4 + 6 ( O2 + 3.76 N2 ) xCO2 + yO2 + zN2 + wH2 O

CH 4 + 6 ( O2 + 3.76 N2 ) CO2 + 4O2 + 22.56 N2 + 2 H2 O

a) Temp. Llama adiabatica H produ = Hreact
(
p

f
+

=k298
Tp

R f

CH 4 + 6 [ O2 + 3.76 N2 ] CO2 + 4O2 + 22.56 N2 + 2 H2 O............ ( 2 )

sustancia

f kj kmol
-74873
0
0
-393522
-241827

CH4
O2
N2
CO2
H2O(g)

298 kj kmol
8682
8669
9364
9904

= 74873 ( kj )
H react = 1kmol 74873 kj
kmol

H producto = 1x 3935.22 + CO2 9364 + 4 x 0 + O2 8682

22.56 x O + O2 8669 + 2 x 241827 + H2O 9904
Hprod = Hreact

CO2 TxF . A + 4 O2 Tx + 22.56O2 T X + 2 H2OT X = 1061775, 64 ( k . j )

T.F.Apor tanteo: (Tx) sea Tx = 1200k
Sustancia
Fx (kJ/kmol)

CO2
53848

O2
38497

N2
36777

H2O(9)
44380

N2
30129

H2O(9)
35582

Reemplazando en (2)
1126085.12 k 1061775,64 (kj).(i)
Sea Tx = 100k
Sustancia
Tx (kJ/kmol)

CO2
42769

O2
31389

Reemplazando en (2)
919794.34 (kJ) 1061775,64 (kJ).(ii)
Luego para T.F.A cuando H = 1061775.64 (kJ)
De (i) y de (ii) T.F.A = 1137.65K

2 x ( 137.28 ) kg aire/kmol
kg aire
a
= 17.16
b) r =
16 xkg comh/kmol
kg comb
c T
6 x ( 137.28 )
kg aire
a
= 51.48
r =
16
kg comb
c R
Sustancia
T .F . A. (kJ/kmol)

CO2
50394.12

O2
36246,66

N2
34704,48

H Tprod = 1061775, 46 ( kJ )
S.T. Ne: nitrogeno (G.I.)
10 m3/s
20C
0,8 bar
0

P. = RT m; RN 2 = 92968
0

m N 2 = 9.19938

KJ
kg . k

kg
s

RT
a) w2 = wc =
1

n 1

P
2
1 kJ
kg
P1

1.25 x ( 0.2968 ) x ( 293 )

wc =
1 1, 25
wc = 11.2872 KJ

0.25

1.25
2.5

x
1 kJ
kg
0.8

kg

0
0
g

w c = wc x m N 2 = ( 111, 2872 ) x 9.799

s

w c = 1023, 77 ( kwatts )
P
T2 = T1 2
P1

n 1
n

0,25

2.5 1.25
T2 = 293

0.8
T2 = 368 k

H2O(9)
41750,75

iq2 = iw2 + U
kJ
kJ
+ Cv ( T2 T1 ) ; CvN 2 = 0, 743
kg
kg K

iq2 = 111, 2872

= 111, 2872
iq2 = 55,5622
0

kJ
kJ
+ 0, 743 ( 368293)
kg
kg K

kJ
kg
kJ
kg
x ( 9.199 )
kg
s

i Q 2 = iq2 x m N2 = ( 55,5622 )
0

i Q 2 = 517.1377 ( kw )
c) Tsalida = T2 = 95C
para n = 1,55
1,53 ( 0, 2968 ) ( 293)
wc = iw2 x m
1 1,53
0

wc = 122,1155

0.35

185
25

x 9.199 Kg

0.8

kJ
kg
x9.199
kg
s

wc = -1123,38 (kw)
P
iT2 = T1 2
P1

n 1
n

0,55

2,5 1,55
= 293x
= 438.9949
0,8
= 459K

iq2 = iw2 + U
122,1155

kJ
+ CV ( T2 T1 )
kg

= -122,1155 + 0,743 (439 293)

iq2 = 13, 637

kJ
kg

0
0

Kj
kg
i Q 2 = iq2 x m = 13.637 x ( 9.199 )
kg
s

i Q 2 = -125. 45 (kw)

T2 =

166 C
166 C

Problema 3-7 proceso Isocentropico (m = k)

k=

CP 1, 039
=
= 1,3984
CV 0, 743

iw2 =

kR
[ T2 T1 ] kJ kg
1 k

P
T2 = T1 2
P1

x 1
k

0.3984

2.5 1.3984
T2 = 293
= 405.3675 k

0.8
a) iw2 = wc =

1.3984 x ( 0.2968 )
[ 405,36 293] k
1 1,3984

wc = 117.0622

kJ
kg

0
0

kJ
kg
wc = wc x mN 2 = 117, 0622 x 9.199
kg
s

wc = 1076,89 ( kw )
0

b) Q 2 0
c) Tsalida = T2 = 132,36C
prob 3 8 PROESO ISOTERMICO
P
a) iw2 = wc = RT1 ln 2 kJ kg
P1
kJ
2,5
wc = 0, 2968 x ( 293) x ln
= 99.088

kg
0,8
0
0

kJ
kg
wc = wc x m = 99, 088 x 9.199
kg
s

wc = 911,55 ( kw )
b) primera ley de Tormad

iq2 = iw2 + U12

iq2 = iw2 + cV ( T2 T1 )
iq2 = iw2 = 99, 088

kJ
kg

kJ
kg
iQ2 = iw2 x m = 99.088 9.199
kg
s

iQ2 = - 911.55 (kw)

c) Tsalida = T2 = ct = 20C