Test 3B

Directions: Work on these sheets.

AP Statistics

Name:

Part 1: Multiple Choice. Circle the letter corresponding to the best answer. 1. The correlation r for the data in this scatterplot is (a) Near 1 (b) Clearly negative but not near 1 (c) Near 0 (d) Clearly positive but not near 1 (e) Near 1 2. In the scatterplot in the previous question, if each x-value were decreased by one unit and the y-values remained the same, then the correlation r would (a) Decrease by 1 unit (b) Decease slightly (c) Increase slightly (d) Stay the same (e) Cant tell without knowing the data values 3. In regression, the residuals are which of the following? (a) Those factors unexplained by the data (b) The difference between the observed responses and the values predicted by the regression line (c) Those data points which were recorded after the formal investigation was completed (d) Possible models unexplored by the investigator (e) None of the above 4. What does the square of the correlation (r2) measure? (a) The slope of the least squares regression line (b) The intercept of the least squares regression line (c) The extent to which cause and effect is present in the data (d) The fraction of the variation in the values of y that is explained by least-squares regression on the other 5. Which of the following statements are true? I. Correlation and regression require explanatory and response variables. II. Scatterplots require that both variables be quantitative. x ) III. Every least-square regression line passes through ( ,y . (a) I and II only (b) I and III only (c) II and III only (d) I, II, and III (e) None of the above

Chapter 3 3B

Test

6. A local community college announces the correlation between college entrance exam grades and scholastic achievement was found to be 1.08. On the basis of this you would tell the college that (a) The entrance exam is a good predictor of success. (b) The exam is a poor predictor of success. (c) Students who do best on this exam will be poor students. (d) Students at this school are underachieving. (e) The college should hire a new statistician. 7. A researcher finds that the correlation between the personality traits greed and superciliousness is .40. What percentage of the variation in greed can be explained by the relationship with superciliousness? (a) 0% (b) 16% (c) 20% (d) 40% (e) 60% 8. Suppose the following information was collected, where X = diameter of tree trunk in inches, and Y = tree height in feet.
X Y 4 8 2 4 8 18 6 22 10 30 6 8

If the LSRL equation is y = 3.6 + 3.1x, what is your estimate of the average height of all trees having a trunk diameter of 7 inches? (a) 18.1 (b) 19.1 (c) 20.1 (d) 21.1 (e) 22.1 9. Suppose we fit the least squares regression line to a set of data. What is true if a plot of the residuals shows a curved pattern? (a) A straight line is not a good model for the data. (b) The correlation must be 0. (c) The correlation must be positive. (d) Outliers must be present. (e) The LSRL might or might not be a good model for the data, depending on the extent of the curve. 10. The following are resistant: (a) Least squares regression line (b) Correlation coefficient (c) Both the least square line and the correlation coefficient (d) Neither the least square line nor the correlation coefficient (e) It depends

Chapter 3

Test 3B

Part 2: Free Response Answer completely, but be concise. Write sequentially and show all steps. A certain psychologist counsels people who are getting divorced. A random sample of six of her patients provided the following data where x = number of years of courtship before marriage, and y = number of years of marriage before divorce. x 3 0.5 2 1.5 y 9 6 14 10 11. Construct a scatterplot of these points: 5 20

12. Use your calculator to determine the least-squares regression line (LSRL). Write the equation, and plot this line on your graph. (Be sure to show what information youre using to plot the line.)

13. What is the correlation between x and y? Interpret this number.

14. Show how the residual for the first data point in the table is calculated.

Chapter 3 3B

Test

Joey appears to be growing slowly as a toddler. His height between 18 and 30 months of age increases as follows: Observed Predicted Age (months) Height (cm) Height Residual 18 76.5 -.066 21 78.7 79.077 24 82.0 81.588 .412 27 84.8 84.099 30 86.0 -.61 The least squares regression line (LSRL) fitted to this data has equation HEIGHT = 61.5 + 0.837 AGE 15. Finish filling in the table above. 16. Draw a residual plot.

17. Based on your residual plot, would you describe growth pattern from 18 to 30 months as being linear? Explain.

Joey's

18. Predict Joey's height at 20 months.

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Chapter 3

Test 3B