Discussion guide for the focus groups Project Unicef

By Shahab Ahmadi Pour

Result In this part we will ensure them about the research process. Make them happy and satisfied.

1. Warm up
(5 mins)

First of all I have to thank you for giving me your time. Introduce yourself and Quest Explain the reason of video and tape recording Everything is confidential and tapes are only for helping us in analysis There is no right and wrong answers , you are free to have your own opinions respect each others opinions Importance of honesty Their answers are important for us Not to talk together Feel free to help yourself with snacks and drinks Their name, age, educational level? Do you work? Where? Why? Who do you live with? How many people are there in your family? Tell me more about your family members. How can you explain your parents in a few sentences? How is your relationship with them? How is your relationship with the other members of the family? Tell me more about your free times? What do you do when you are free? MODERATOR PLEASE CHECK OUT IF THEY MENTION ANY KIND OF MEDIA<TV, RADIO, MAGAZINES, > IF NOT PLEASE PROBE EACH OF THEM AND ASK: How many hours a day do you watch TV? Which programmes do you prefer? What about the radio and magazines? Which of them do you like more? Why is it so? Do you have any friends? Who are them? Can you explain them in a few words? Why have you become friend with them? How do you like your friends? Do you trust them? What do you usually do when you are with your friends? What are the other people like you do while they are with their friends? Is there any common activity done by group of friends these days? Mainly among which kind of people these activities are common? Where do people usually go with their friends? Why do they choose these places? What are the true reasons behind these decisions? What are the major illegal activities- KHALAFS - done by people around you these days? Please explain me in detail. Ive seen and heard that using drugs is almost done in almost most of the gatherings? How do you think about

2. Respondents Profile
(10 mins)

Gain a better understanding of their life style and family culture.

Find out about their media habits.

2. Friends
(10 mins)

Find out about the risk taking behaviours and HIV related attitudes among them. Perception toward usage of drugs.

it? What is the most common drug used by people in your age? How do they use it? Probe for sharing needles. Is there any risk in taking these drugs beside the drugs harmfulness itself? Why? What are the most risk taking behaviours among people in your age these days? Why is it so? Is it ok to have girl/boy friends among people in your age? Why or why not? Who are those people who have girl/boy friends? Their social classes? Their lifestyle and behaviours? What is the main reason for getting the girl/boy friend in your opinion? What else? What else? What are the negative points of having girl/boy friends? Do you know any problem caused by having friends from opposite sex?

Perception toward getting a girl friend/ boyfriend. Negative and positive points of having a friend from opposite sex. This will help us to find out how open they are toward sex issue.

4. HIV Spontaneous responds

(10 mins)

What are the most dangerous diseases known these days? What else? What else?

Understand if they mention HIV/AIDS at spontaneous level

MODERATOR, CHECK IF THEY MENTION AIDS IF NOT PLEASE PROBE FOR IT.

When I say AIDS what comes to your mind? Please explain me all those feelings, colours, smells, pictures, people, come to your mind? I want you to think loudly and explain what ever comes to your mind? What else? What else?

Their level of knowledge about Aids. Information sources about Aids Their overall understanding of HIV/Aids: Transmission modes, prevention ways, risk taking behaviours, people at most risk

Lets discuss more in detail about each of them? Lets start with AIDS? What is AIDS in your opinion? How did you get to know that? - When was the first time you heard about HIV? What did you hear? Where did you hear about it? MODERATOR PLEAE LET THEM NAME ALL THE DIFFERENT SOURCES, SUCH AS TV,SCHOOL, FLYERS, ETC AND ASK THEM: - Please explain me each of them? When was it? What did it try to teach?... - What are the different transmission forms do you know for aid? What else? What else? MODERATOR, GIVE THEM TIME TO NAME ALL DIFFERENT WAYS. PROBE FOR SHARING A SINGLE NEEDLE AMONG DRUG USERS IF NOT MENTIONED: - Have you ever heard about drug users who share a single needle? How is it related with infecting with HIV? - How many prevention ways can you name for me? Please explain me as much as you can? How did you get to know these ways? - Is there any cure for HIV/Aids? How do you know that? -

Do you know any one infected with HIV? How did he get infected? Who are the people more at risk of HIV infection? Why do you think so?

What are the high risk behaviours according to HIV infection? How do you know that?
Pre-test the key messages. Find out their perception about Aids and getting Aids according to the messages we will test later. How simple is it in their mind to get Aids?

5. HIV Awareness
(10 mins)

Have you ever heard how many young people all over the world get infected with HIV everyday? How many do you think this number could be? Do we have any idea which age range has the biggest share among those infected with HIV? How many of these do you think are under 25 years old? Can you assume a number? Why do you think so? Do you know how they got infected with HIV? How could they avoid it in your mind? Why they didnt prevent in your opinion? How simple is getting infected to HIV in your opinion? How do you think so? What about the prevention ways? Are those easy or difficult to be applied? Can you perceive yourself at risk of HIV infection? Why or why not? What are the most common prevention ways you also consider?

How close they perceive themselves with HIV infection?

6. Exposition Of The Concept Boards & Story Lines

(60 mins)

Now Im going to show you some pictures with some written questions, I want you to think loudly and tell me what ever comes to your mind? There is no right and wrong answers? Im not looking for logical and rational answers? I want you to explain me all feelings and senses you have while seeing these pictures?

MODERATOR, PLEASE DO NOT FOR GET TO ROTATE THE EXPOSURE OF THE PICTURES AMONG THE GROUPS. SHOW ONE OF THE A,B OR C PICTURES AND ASK THE FOLLOWING QUESTIOS:

Test the key messages. -Respondents spontaneous reactions to the concept boards. -Find out the attraction hooks and main messages communicate

What does it remind you of? What are the colours, smells, scenes, feelings, etc coming to your mind while you are looking at this picture? Please tell me as much as you can? What do you think this picture is trying to say? What are the messages this is trying to communicate? Who do you think this picture is trying to talk to?

Try to find out all the feelings and reactions each picture causes

PLEASE SHOW THE OTHER TWO PICTURES ONE BY ONE AND ASK THE SAME ABOVE QUESTIONS. -------------------------------------------------------------AFTER GETTING THESE SPONTANEOUS REACTIONS TO EACH OF THE PICTURES. SHOW 1,2 or 3 (ROTATE AMONG THE GROUPS) AND ASK: What is the first thing comes to your mind after seeing

Try to get the reaction toward each of the questions. Match them to the pictures.

this question? Explain me about all your feelings after seeing this question? What is this question trying to communicate? What is the most important idea behind this question in your mind? Who do you think it is trying to target? Why do you think so? What is this question trying to convince? Which of these pictures (A,B or C) do you think is more compatible with this question? Why do you think so? What would a person like you do after seeing this picture and question?

Find the weaknesses and strength points in communicating these messages.

NOW SHOW THE OTHER TWO QUESTIONS ONE BY ONE AND ASK THE SAME QUESTIONS. TRY TO GET A CLEAR ANSWER WHILE THEY ARE MATCHING THE QUESTIONS TO THE PICTURES. AFTER SHOWING ALL QUESTIONS AND GETTING THE ANSWERS. PLEASE PUT ALL THESE 6 BOARDS IN FRONT OF THEM AND AGAIN ASK: Now that you have all of these pictures and questions in front of you, do you like to change any thing according to matching them together? ---------------------------------------------------------------------NOW SHOW THEM PICTURE 4 AND ASK: What is this picture trying to say? What does it mean in your mind? A youth holding a candle? What is this could be as a symbol? PLEASE CHECK IF THEY MENTION ANYTHING ABOUT MAKING PROMISE OR NOT. AND THEN:

Get their reactions toward the youth/ youths holding the candle Find out if it can be associated with making a promise, educating, making awareness, etc What is this promise in their opinion?

READ OUT THE LOGONLETS MAKE PROMISE TO KNOW MORE ABOUT AIDS AND ASK: What does it mean? What does it mean by saying LETS MAKE A PROMISE? - What is the promise that we are making here? - What is this message trying to communicate? - What are all the feelings come to your mind? - What would a person like you do after seeing this picture and hearing this message? ---------------------------------------------------------------------NOW SHOW THEM PICTURE 5 AND ASK: - What is this picture trying to say? - What do these youths holding the candles want to communicate? - What do they try to convince the people like you do? READ OUT THE LOGON AND KEEP OUR PROMISE AND ASK:

Find out if we can communicate KEEPING THE PROMISE by this picture. What does it encourage them to do?

What does it mean? What is this message trying to communicate? How do you think we can keep our promise? What are all the feelings come to your mind? What would a person like you do after seeing this picture and hearing this message?

How they like to keep this promise?

NOW PUT THE BOARDS IN ORDER AND EXPLAIN THE WHOLE STORY FOR THEM. AND ASK:

What is the whole idea of each set in your mind? Which picture and question do you think is more successful in communicating their idea? Which of them do you think is the least successful in communicating its message? Why do you think so?

Compare three storylines in order to find the most appealing one among the target group. Try to get the negative and positive points of each.

Which one do you like most? Why? Which parts do you like to change? Why? - What do people like you would do after seeing such a boards? - What do the designers of these pictures try to convince? - Do you think they are successful in communicating their messages? Why or why not? - What type of people would like each of these sets? Why? ----------------------------------------------------------------------

Imagine 3 people; X, Y and Z. X likes the idea 1, Y likes the idea 2 and Z likes the idea 3. Tell me about each of these people? Who is X? Where does he live? How old is he? What are his characteristics? Hows his behaviour among people? How do people think about him? What is he doing in life? What does he think about this idea? Who does he feel about this idea? What would he like to do after seeing this idea? What does this idea encourage him to do?

Moderator, try to compare X , Y and Z in order to find: - Likes and dislikes toward the idea - Different target Groups - More suitability with the group

MODERATO, PLEASE ASK THE SAME QUESTIONS FOR Y AND Z. If they come here, which one you would become friend with? Why?
We will get the climax, attraction hooks, likes and dislikes here.

---------------------------------------------------------------------- Imagine you want to describe your friend about what you have seen in each of the pictures as well as what you have heard about each, what would you say? Please explain me in detail? PLEASE GET THESE ANSWERS CLEARLY FOR EACH SET OF PICTURE AND QUESTION.

If you want to explain these ideas to your parent, how would you do that? Would it be the same as what you describe to your friend? Who would you like to talk about this idea to? Why? How this idea would help people against HIV/Aids? If you want to change any parts in order to make this idea more effective and strong, what would those changes be? Why? What are the most helpful methods in educating people about HIV in your opinion? Who are the people at risk that you recommend we talk to? Anything else you would like to ad?
Make a overall question on the best ways of communicating with the people, the people at high risk, and the general suggestions. Give them their incentives and thank them.

Suggestions
(10 mins)

THANK YOU!