COOPERATIVE ACTIVITY 2-3: SMALL AND LARGE MOLECULES

(comprehension) Answer the following questions using these vocabulary words: monomer, hydrolysis, synthesis, water, and polymer. All the questions refer to the diagram below:

1.

What process is taking place along the line that begins with the letter A and ends with the letter C? _synthesis____________________________ Name the molecule(s) marked with the letter A. _monomers______ Name the molecule(s) marked with the letter C. __polymer______ What process is taking place along the line that begins with the letter C and ends with the letter A? _hydrolysis___________________________ Name the molecule(s) being inserted at D. _water______________ Name the molecule(s) being removed at B. _water______________ How MANY of the molecules from question #6 were removed to make the molecule marked with the letter C? _4_________

2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7.

COOPERATIVE ACTIVITY 2-4: COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

(comprehension) 1. Saliva contains an enzyme that digests (breaks down) starch. If you were to chew a piece of bread for a few minutes WITHOUT SWALLOWING, you would notice a change in the way it tastes. At first it will taste as you expect bread to taste, but after a few minutes, the bread begins to taste sweet. Using your knowledge of complex carbohydrates, explain this unexpected result. Starch is a polysaccharide made of glucose monomers. When starch is digested, the glucose monomers break apart and taste buds detect a sweet flavor.

2.

Challenge Question!! Would you expect the same result if you were eating celery? Explain your answer.

No, because the glucose monomers n cellulose are bonded differently than those in starch. Salivary amylase cannot break these bonds, no glucose monomers are liberated in the mouth and the sweet taste is not present.

COOPERATIVE ACTIVITY 2-5: FOOD LABELS

(application) Based on the food label below, answer the following questions.

Nutrition Facts Serving size 2 tbsp. (37 g) Servings Per Container 10 Calories 200 Fat cal 100 Percent Daily Values (DV) are based on a 2,000 calorie diet

Amount/Serving Total fat 11g Sat fat 2g Cholest 0 mg

%DV 15% 10% 0% 0%

Amount/Serving Total carb 23g Fiber Sugars Protein 2g 20g 2g

%DV 8% 7%

Sodium 15 mg

Vitamin A 0% Vitamin C 0% Calcium 4% Iron 9% INGREDIENTS: SUGAR, PEANUT OIL, HAZELNUTS, COCOA, SKIM MILK, REDUCED MINERALS WHEY, PARTIALLY-HYDROGENATED PEANUT OIL, SOY LECITHIN: AN EMULSIFIER, VANILLIN: AN ARTIFICIAL FLAVOR

1.

If you ate all the food in the labeled container, how much of the following would you have eaten?

Total Fat (g) Saturated fat (g) Cholesterol (mg) Sodium (mg) Vitamin C (% RDA)

110 g 20 g 0 mg 150 mg 0

Total Carbohydrate (g) Dietary fiber (g) Sugar (g) Protein (g) Calcium (% RDA)

230 g 20 g 200 g 20 g 40 %

2.

Calculate the fat calories recommended each day if you were on a 2000 calorie diet (remember, the maximum should be 30% of your calories from fat).

Recommended calories from fat

2000 x . 30 = 600 kcal

3.

Calculate the percentage of "allowed" dietary calories from fat you would consume if you ate the entire container of this product.

fat calories eaten = 1000 = _167__ % or 900 = 165% recommended calories from fat 600 600

4.

Would you consider this food a good choice if you were trying to control the amount of fat in your diet? Explain your answer. This food is high in fat, so it is probably a poor dietary choice. By eating the entire package, you have almost doubled your goal of limiting daily fat intake to 30% or less of your total calories.

Challenge Question!! 5. If the number of calories from fat was missing from the label, how would you determine the number of fat calories per serving?

Multiply the grams of fat in one serving by nine (there are 9 kcal per gram of fat).