Kevin Yu APWH-7 9/23/11

PERSIAN Chart Pre AP World History

POLITICAL Leaders, Elites

Chapter: 5
~ China had a very centralized govt, India and Mediterranean were diverse and localized ~ Lack of cohesive religion led to fragmentation of Mediterranean civilizations ~ Kushites along north Nile had a strong monarchy, defeated by Axum, which was defeated by Ethiopia ~ North Africa known for its strong ceremonial monarchy (divine kingship) ~ Rest of africa developed stronger and bigger villages due to agricultural increases slowly ~ Japanese had a system of tribal chiefs who ruled a village ~ Celtic (Germany, England, Scandinavia) and Slavic (east Europe) had loose regional kingdoms ~ Collapse of the 3 major civilizations due to invasion by nomadic groups, due to political instability and serious internal issues with government ~ China overburdened the peasants, causing social unrest, revolution, and weakening of the govt, but it recuperated, and the dynasty and bureaucratic systems continued ~ Indias fall was due to continuing inability to maintain a cohesive country controlled by a single govt ~ Rome had political confusion, weak emperors, intervention by military in politics, etc that started to destroy the empire starting in 180 CE. Population decrease and economic instability led to decline, as foreign soldiers were hired to protect the large frontiers of the empire. ~ Axum and Ethiopia had active contact with the Mediterranean ~ Trade along famed silk routes, established by nomadic tribes, connected China to Rome and everywhere in between ~ North African civs spread ironworking techniques ~ Japan developed iron working considerably, and skipped bronze and copper tools ~ Olmecs did impressive calculations and math and created accurate calendars ~ Hawaii had powerful regional kings ~ Nomadic and herding groups in central Asia helped facilitate trade along the silk routes ~ Indias productivity remained high, even after the Huns deposed the Gupta government. ~ Rome got too big to support economically, and eventually fell for several reasons such as poor economics, unstable govt, weak emperors, etc ~ Eastern Rome did not collapse like the west did. ~ cities shrank ~ Hinduism prevalent in India, cemented Indian civilization across political boundaries ~ Mediterranean had less cohesive religion, less involvement of the population ~ African divine kingship with ceremonial rule ~ Japanese had ancestor gods who represented a tribal group ~ Celtics and Scandinavians believed in a polytheism, with rituals to placate the gods and nature ~ Olmecs created massive pyramid shaped structures as religious monuments ~ Switching to common speech from Sanskrit for religious texts popularized Hinduism ~ Mediterranean religion was never cohesive or engaging enough to survive for a long time ~ Buddhism is one of only a few things that China adopted from the outside world ~ Christianity started in the Middle East, spread west along the trade routes, one of the biggest faiths, Pope is religious leader, produced formal theology, offer both spiritual and intellectual system ~ Islam began in the 7th century, ~ India, China, Medi all had great separation between men & women, upper and % lower class ~ Buddha was the only leader of thinking that didnt support separation between them ~ Hawaiian civilization had highly stratified society with a caste system ~ Romes upper class and its flamboyant, pleasure-seeking attitude and superficial values were partially blamed for the fall of Rome. ~ Buddhism was changed in China to meet their standards of patriarchal society

State Structure War

Diplomacy, Treaties Courts, Laws

ECONOMIC Type of System

Technology, Industry Trade, Commerce Capital/Money

Types of Businesses

RELIGIOUS Holy Books

Beliefs, Teaching Conversion Sin/Salvation Deities

SOCIAL

Family Gender Relations Social Classes Inequalities Life Styles

INTELLECTUAL, ARTS Art, Music

Writing, Literature Philosophy Math & Science Education

~ Japan brought scribes from Korea in 400 CE, marking the first use of writing in those islands ~ Roman empire spread Latin language to parts of Europe ~ Olmec art blended human and animal figures, and often used precious stones like jade ~ Olmecs create a hieroglyphic language, establish the first major city in the Americas (Teotihuacan) ~The Romans were well known for making textbooks that simplistically explained achievements in math and science. ~ Near the end of the empire, very few works of art or literature were created as the cultural climate of Rome degenerated

NEAR: GEOGRAPHY Location

Physical Movement Human/Environme Region

~ Chinese isolation led to more internal improvements, more open borders in India and Med led to improvements in trade ~ Dense jungle in Africa, and Sahara impeded movement of innovations southward ~ Complete isolation of Olmec and Inca civilization stopped them from gaining certain tech advances ~ Diseases spread along trade routes

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Kevin Yu APWH-7 9/23/11

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