FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE THE STRAIGHT LINE

Learning Objective : Understand the concept of gradient of a straight line in Cartesian plane. Learning outcomes: Calculate the gradient of a straight line passing through two points. Activity 1: Calculate gradient of straight line passing through two points in Cartesian coordinate system. Find the gradient for of straight line in each following figure.

1.

y T( 9, 10)

U( 2, 3) O x

Step 1

My first point is___(

) )

My second point is ____( , Step 2 Labelling the coordinate Step 3 Calculate the gradient

x1 y1

x2 y2

m=

y y m 2 1 x2 x1

m=

FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE

2.

R( 9, 10)

S( -2, 3) x 0 Step 1 My first point is___( , ) )

My second point is ____( , Step 2 Labelling the coordinate Step 3 Calculate the gradient

x1 y1

x2 y2

m=

y y m 2 1 x2 x1

m=

FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE

3. y

S (2, -2)

T (6, -8)

Step 1

My first point is___(

) )

My second point is ____( , Step 2 Labelling the coordinate Step 3 Calculate the gradient

x1 y1

x2 y2

m=

y y m 2 1 x2 x1

m=

FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE

5.

V (-4, 10)

W (6, 10)

x O

Step 1

My first point is___(

) )

My second point is ____( , Step 2 Labelling the coordinate Step 3 Calculate the gradient

x1 y1

x2 y2

m=

y y m 2 1 x2 x1

m=

FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE

6. y V (6, 9)

O W (6, -10)

Step 1

My first point is___(

) )

My second point is ____( , Step 2 Labelling the coordinate Step 3 Calculate the gradient

x1 y1

x2 y2

m=

y y m 2 1 x2 x1

m=

FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE Learning Objective : Understand and use equation of a straight line. Learning Outcome : Find the equation of the straight line which: passes through a given point and has a specific gradient; Activity 2 : Write the equation of straight line passing through the given point and has gradient of m.

A(2,7)
A(1,2)
X

Given m = 3 y = mx + c 7 = 3(2) + c 7 =6 +c 76= c 1 = c y = 3x + 1

Y

Given m = 1 y = mx + c 2 = 1(1) + c 2 = 1 +c 2+1= c 3 = c y=

A(-2,3)

P(1,1)
0 X

Given m = 4 Answer :

Given m = 1 Answer :

FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE Learning Objectives : Understand and use equation of a straight line. Learning Outcome: Find the equation of the straight line which passes through two given points. Activity 3: Find the equation of a straight line which passes through PQ. No. y P(3, 6) e.g. Q(2, 5) Points P and Q Find m Find c y = 1 x+c At point P(3, 6): 6 = 1(3) + c 6 = 3 +c 63= +c 3 = c Write the equation y= 1 x+ 3

m=
1 1 = 1

65 32

x y

m=
P(2, 2) 1. x Q(1, 1) = =

y=

x+c

y=

x+

At point P(2, 2): 2 = (2) + c

=
y P(1, 9)

c
x+c y= x+

m=
=

y=

At point P(1, 9): 9 = (1) + c

2.

= x Q(2, 3)

FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE Activity 4 : Find the equation of a straight line which passing through each of the following pairs of points. 1. A(1, 2) and B(1, 4) 2. B(4, 9) and D(1, 0)

m=
At point ____: __ = __( __ ) + c

m=
At point ____: __ = __( __ ) + c

y = ___ x + ___ 3. E(1, 4) and F(2, 10) 4.

y = ___ x + ___ J(2, 4) and K(3, 1)

m=

m=

At point ____: __ = __( __ ) + c

At point ____: __ = __( __ ) + c

y = ___ x + ___ 5. G(3, 0) and H(0, 1) 6.

y = ___ x + ___ L(2, 1) and M(6, 5)

FORM 4 MATHEMATICS STRAIGHT LINE Activity 4: In the figure below, PQRS is a quadrilateral. Find the equation of each of the following lines. y R(2, 4) Q(-3, 2)

O P(-4, -2) S(1, -4)

1.

PQ

2. RS

3.

QR

4. PS