wral |s dalaoase?

AN3wER:
A dalaoase |s a |og|ca||y corererl co||ecl|or ol dala W|lr sore |rrererl rear|rg, represerl|rg sore aspecl ol rea| Wor|d ard
Wr|cr |s des|gred, ou||l ard popu|aled W|lr dala lor a spec|l|c purpose.
0uE3Tl0N 2:
wral |s 08V3?
AN3wER:
? Redurdarcy |s corlro||ed.
? uraulror|zed access |s reslr|cled.
? Prov|d|rg ru|l|p|e user |rlerlaces.
? Erlorc|rg |rlegr|ly corslra|rls.
? Prov|d|rg oac|up ard recovery.
0uE3Tl0N 3:
wral |s a 0alaoase sysler?
AN3wER:
Tre dalaoase ard 08V3 sollWare logelrer |s ca||ed as 0alaoase sysler.
0uE3Tl0N 1:
0|sadvarlage |r F||e Process|rg 3ysler?
AN3wER:
? 0ala redurdarcy & |rcors|slercy.
? 0|ll|cu|l |r access|rg dala.
? 0ala |so|al|or.
? 0ala |rlegr|ly.
? Corcurrerl access |s rol poss|o|e.
? 3ecur|ly Proo|ers. .
0uE3Tl0N 5:
0escr|oe lre lrree |eve|s ol dala aoslracl|or?
AN3wER:
Tre are lrree |eve|s ol aoslracl|or:
? Prys|ca| |eve|: Tre |oWesl |eve| ol aoslracl|or descr|oes roW dala are slored.
? Log|ca| |eve|: Tre rexl r|grer |eve| ol aoslracl|or, descr|oes Wral dala are slored |r dalaoase ard Wral re|al|orsr|p arorg
lrose dala.
? v|eW |eve|: Tre r|gresl |eve| ol aoslracl|or descr|oes or|y parl ol erl|re dalaoase.
0uE3Tl0N :
0el|re lre |rlegr|ly ru|es
AN3wER:
Trere are lWo lrlegr|ly ru|es.
? Erl|ly lrlegr|ly: 3lales lral ?Pr|rary |ey carrol rave NuLL va|ue?
? Relererl|a| lrlegr|ly: 3lales lral ?Fore|gr Key car oe e|lrer a NuLL va|ue or srou|d oe Pr|rary Key va|ue ol olrer re|al|or.
0uE3Tl0N Z:
wral |s exlers|or ard |rlers|or?
AN3wER:
Exlers|or -ll |s lre ruroer ol lup|es preserl |r a lao|e al ary |rslarce. Tr|s |s l|re deperderl.
lrlers|or - ll |s a corslarl va|ue lral g|ves lre rare, slruclure ol lao|e ard lre corslra|rls |a|d or |l.
0uE3Tl0N 8:
wral |s 3ysler R? wral are |ls lWo rajor suosyslers?
AN3wER:
3ysler R Was des|gred ard deve|oped over a per|od ol 19Z1-Z9 al l8V 3ar Jose Researcr Cerler . ll |s a prololype ard |ls
purpose Was lo derorslrale lral |l |s poss|o|e lo ou||d a Re|al|ora| 3ysler lral car oe used |r a rea| ||le erv|rorrerl lo so|ve
rea| ||le proo|ers, W|lr perlorrarce al |easl corparao|e lo lral ol ex|sl|rg sysler.
lls lWo suosyslers are
? Researcr 3lorage
? 3ysler Re|al|ora| 0ala 3ysler.
0uE3Tl0N 10:
loW |s lre dala slruclure ol 3ysler R d|llererl lror lre re|al|ora| slruclure?
AN3wER:
ur|||e Re|al|ora| syslers |r 3ysler R
? 0ora|rs are rol supporled
? Erlorcererl ol card|dale |ey ur|queress |s opl|ora|
? Erlorcererl ol erl|ly |rlegr|ly |s opl|ora|
? Relererl|a| |rlegr|ly |s rol erlorced
0uE3Tl0N 11:
wral |s 0ala lrdeperderce?
AN3wER:
0ala |rdeperderce rears lral ?lre app||cal|or |s |rdeperderl ol lre slorage slruclure ard access slralegy ol dala?. lr olrer
Words, Tre ao|||ly lo rod|ly lre screra del|r|l|or |r ore |eve| srou|d rol allecl lre screra del|r|l|or |r lre rexl r|grer |eve|.
TWo lypes ol 0ala lrdeperderce:
? Prys|ca| 0ala lrdeperderce : Vod|l|cal|or |r prys|ca| |eve| srou|d rol allecl lre |og|ca| |eve|.
? Log|ca| 0ala lrdeperderce : Vod|l|cal|or |r |og|ca| |eve| srou|d allecl lre v|eW |eve|.
N0TE: Log|ca| 0ala lrdeperderce |s rore d|ll|cu|l lo acr|eve
0uE3Tl0N 12:
wral |s a v|eW? loW |l |s re|aled lo dala |rdeperderce?
AN3wER:
A v|eW ray oe lrougrl ol as a v|rlua| lao|e, lral |s, a lao|e lral does rol rea||y ex|sl |r |ls oWr r|grl oul |s |rslead der|ved lror
ore or rore urder|y|rg oase lao|e. lr olrer Words, lrere |s ro slored l||e lral d|recl represerls lre v|eW |rslead a del|r|l|or ol
v|eW |s slored |r dala d|cl|orary.
0roWlr ard reslruclur|rg ol oase lao|es |s rol rel|ecled |r v|eWs. Trus lre v|eW car |rsu|ale users lror lre ellecls ol
reslruclur|rg ard groWlr |r lre dalaoase. lerce accourls lor |og|ca| dala |rdeperderce. .
0uE3Tl0N 13:
wral |s 0ala Vode|?
AN3wER:
A co||ecl|or ol corceplua| loo|s lor descr|o|rg dala, dala re|al|orsr|ps dala serarl|cs ard corslra|rls.
0uE3Tl0N 11:
wral |s E-R rode|?
AN3wER:
Tr|s dala rode| |s oased or rea| Wor|d lral cors|sls ol oas|c oojecls ca||ed erl|l|es ard ol re|al|orsr|p arorg lrese oojecls.
Erl|l|es are descr|oed |r a dalaoase oy a sel ol allr|oules.
0uE3Tl0N 15:
wral |s 0ojecl 0r|erled rode|?
AN3wER:
Tr|s rode| |s oased or co||ecl|or ol oojecls. Ar oojecl corla|rs va|ues slored |r |rslarce var|ao|es W|lr |r lre oojecl. Ar oojecl
a|so corla|rs ood|es ol code lral operale or lre oojecl. Trese ood|es ol code are ca||ed relrods. 0ojecls lral corla|r sare
lypes ol va|ues ard lre sare relrods are grouped logelrer |rlo c|asses.
0uE3Tl0N 1:
wral |s ar Erl|ly?
AN3wER:
ll |s a 'lr|rg' |r lre rea| Wor|d W|lr ar |rdeperderl ex|slerce.
0uE3Tl0N 1Z:
wral |s ar Erl|ly lype?
AN3wER:
ll |s a co||ecl|or (sel) ol erl|l|es lral rave sare allr|oules.
0uE3Tl0N 18:
wral |s ar Erl|ly sel?
AN3wER:
ll |s a co||ecl|or ol a|| erl|l|es ol parl|cu|ar erl|ly lype |r lre dalaoase.
0uE3Tl0N 19:
wral |s ar Exlers|or ol erl|ly lype?
AN3wER:
Tre co||ecl|ors ol erl|l|es ol a parl|cu|ar erl|ly lype are grouped logelrer |rlo ar erl|ly sel.
0uE3Tl0N 20:
wral |s wea| Erl|ly sel?
AN3wER:
Ar erl|ly sel ray rol rave sull|c|erl allr|oules lo lorr a pr|rary |ey, ard |ls pr|rary |ey corpror|ses ol |ls parl|a| |ey ard
pr|rary |ey ol |ls parerl erl|ly, lrer |l |s sa|d lo oe wea| Erl|ly sel.
0uE3Tl0N 21:
wral |s ar allr|oule?
AN3wER:
ll |s a parl|cu|ar properly, Wr|cr descr|oes lre erl|ly.
0uE3Tl0N 22:
wral |s a Re|al|or 3crera ard a Re|al|or?
AN3wER:
A re|al|or 3crera deroled oy R(A1, A2, ?, Ar) |s rade up ol lre re|al|or rare R ard lre ||sl ol allr|oules A| lral |l corla|rs. A
re|al|or |s del|red as a sel ol lup|es. Lel r oe lre re|al|or Wr|cr corla|rs sel lup|es (l1, l2, l3, ., lr). Eacr lup|e |s ar ordered ||sl
ol r-va|ues l=(v1,v2, ., vr).
0uE3Tl0N 23:
wral |s degree ol a Re|al|or?
AN3wER:
ll |s lre ruroer ol allr|oule ol |ls re|al|or screra.
0uE3Tl0N 21:
wral |s Re|al|orsr|p?
AN3wER:
ll |s ar assoc|al|or arorg lWo or rore erl|l|es.
0uE3Tl0N 25:
wral |s Re|al|orsr|p sel?
AN3wER:
Tre co||ecl|or (or sel) ol s|r||ar re|al|orsr|ps.
0uE3Tl0N 2:
wral |s Re|al|orsr|p lype?
AN3wER:
Re|al|orsr|p lype del|res a sel ol assoc|al|ors or a re|al|orsr|p sel arorg a g|ver sel ol erl|ly lypes.
0uE3Tl0N 2Z:
wral |s degree ol Re|al|orsr|p lype?
AN3wER:
ll |s lre ruroer ol erl|ly lype parl|c|pal|rg.
0uE3Tl0N 28:
wral |s 0ala 3lorage - 0el|r|l|or Larguage?
AN3wER:
Tre slorage slruclures ard access relrods used oy dalaoase sysler are spec|l|ed oy a sel ol del|r|l|or |r a spec|a| lype ol 00L
ca||ed dala slorage-del|r|l|or |arguage.
0uE3Tl0N 29:
wral |s 0VL (0ala Var|pu|al|or Larguage)?
AN3wER:
Tr|s |arguage lral erao|e user lo access or rar|pu|ale dala as orgar|sed oy appropr|ale dala rode|.
? Procedura| 0VL or LoW |eve|: 0VL requ|res a user lo spec|ly Wral dala are reeded ard roW lo gel lrose dala.
? Nor-Procedura| 0VL or l|gr |eve|: 0VL requ|res a user lo spec|ly Wral dala are reeded W|lroul spec|ly|rg roW lo gel lrose
dala.
0uE3Tl0N 30:
wral |s v0L (v|eW 0el|r|l|or Larguage)?
AN3wER:
ll spec|l|es user v|eWs ard lre|r rapp|rgs lo lre corceplua| screra.
0uE3Tl0N 31:
wral |s 0VL Corp||er?
AN3wER:
ll lrars|ales 0VL slalererls |r a query |arguage |rlo |oW-|eve| |rslrucl|or lral lre query eva|ual|or erg|re car urderslard.
0uE3Tl0N 32:
wral |s 0uery eva|ual|or erg|re?
AN3wER:
ll execules |oW-|eve| |rslrucl|or gereraled oy corp||er.
0uE3Tl0N 33:
wral |s 00L lrlerpreler?
AN3wER:
ll |rlerprels 00L slalererls ard record lrer |r lao|es corla|r|rg reladala.
0uE3Tl0N 31:
wral |s Record-al-a-l|re?
AN3wER:
Tre LoW |eve| or Procedura| 0VL car spec|ly ard relr|eve eacr record lror a sel ol records. Tr|s relr|eve ol a record |s sa|d lo
oe Record-al-a-l|re.
0uE3Tl0N 35:
wral |s 3el-al-a-l|re or 3el-or|erled?
AN3wER:
Tre l|gr |eve| or Nor-procedura| 0VL car spec|ly ard relr|eve rary records |r a s|rg|e 0VL slalererl. Tr|s relr|eve ol a
record |s sa|d lo oe 3el-al-a-l|re or 3el-or|erled.
0uE3Tl0N 3:
wral |s Re|al|ora| A|geora?
AN3wER:
ll |s procedura| query |arguage. ll cors|sls ol a sel ol operal|ors lral la|e ore or lWo re|al|ors as |rpul ard produce a reW
re|al|or.
0uE3Tl0N 3Z:
wral |s Re|al|ora| Ca|cu|us?
AN3wER:
ll |s ar app||ed pred|cale ca|cu|us spec|l|ca||y la||ored lor re|al|ora| dalaoases proposed oy E.F. Codd. E.g. ol |arguages oased
or |l are 03L ALPlA, 0uEL.
0uE3Tl0N 38:
loW does Tup|e-or|erled re|al|ora| ca|cu|us d|ller lror dora|r-or|erled re|al|ora| ca|cu|us
AN3wER:
Tre lup|e-or|erled ca|cu|us uses a lup|e var|ao|es |.e., var|ao|e Wrose or|y perr|lled va|ues are lup|es ol lral re|al|or. E.g.
0uEL
Tre dora|r-or|erled ca|cu|us ras dora|r var|ao|es |.e., var|ao|es lral rarge over lre urder|y|rg dora|rs |rslead ol over
re|al|or. E.g. lLL, 0E0uCE.
0uE3Tl0N 39:
wral |s rorra||zal|or?
AN3wER:
ll |s a process ol ara|ys|rg lre g|ver re|al|or screras oased or lre|r Furcl|ora| 0eperderc|es (F0s) ard pr|rary |ey lo
acr|eve lre properl|es
? V|r|r|z|rg redurdarcy
? V|r|r|z|rg |rserl|or, de|el|or ard updale arora||es.
0uE3Tl0N 10:
wral |s Furcl|ora| 0eperdercy?
AN3wER:
A Furcl|ora| deperdercy |s deroled oy X Y oelWeer lWo sels ol allr|oules X ard Y lral are suosels ol R spec|l|es a corslra|rl
or lre poss|o|e lup|e lral car lorr a re|al|or slale r ol R. Tre corslra|rl |s lor ary lWo lup|es l1 ard l2 |r r |l l1[X| = l2[X| lrer
lrey rave l1[Y| = l2[Y|. Tr|s rears lre va|ue ol X corporerl ol a lup|e ur|que|y delerr|res lre va|ue ol corporerl Y.
0uE3Tl0N 11:
wrer |s a lurcl|ora| deperdercy F sa|d lo oe r|r|ra|?
AN3wER:
? Every deperdercy |r F ras a s|rg|e allr|oule lor |ls r|grl rard s|de.
? we carrol rep|ace ary deperdercy X A |r F W|lr a deperdercy Y A Wrere Y |s a proper suosel ol X ard sl||| rave a sel ol
deperdercy lral |s equ|va|erl lo F.
? we carrol rerove ary deperdercy lror F ard sl||| rave sel ol deperdercy lral |s equ|va|erl lo F.
0uE3Tl0N 12:
wral |s Vu|l|va|ued deperdercy?
AN3wER:
Vu|l|va|ued deperdercy deroled oy X Y spec|l|ed or re|al|or screra R, Wrere X ard Y are oolr suosels ol R, spec|l|es lre
lo||oW|rg corslra|rl or ary re|al|or r ol R: |l lWo lup|es l1 ard l2 ex|sl |r r sucr lral l1[X| = l2[X| lrer l3 ard l1 srou|d a|so ex|sl |r
r W|lr lre lo||oW|rg properl|es
? l3[x| = l1[X| = l1[X| = l2[X|
? l3[Y| = l1[Y| ard l1[Y| = l2[Y|
? l3[Z| = l2[Z| ard l1[Z| = l1[Z|
Wrere [Z = (R-(X u Y)) |
0uE3Tl0N 13:
wral |s Loss|ess jo|r properly?
AN3wER:
ll guararlees lral lre spur|ous lup|e gereral|or does rol occur W|lr respecl lo re|al|or screras aller decorpos|l|or.
0uE3Tl0N 11:
wral |s 1 NF (Norra| Forr)?
AN3wER:
Tre dora|r ol allr|oule rusl |rc|ude or|y alor|c (s|rp|e, |rd|v|s|o|e) va|ues.
0uE3Tl0N 15:
wral |s Fu||y Furcl|ora| deperdercy?
AN3wER:
ll |s oased or corcepl ol lu|| lurcl|ora| deperdercy. A lurcl|ora| deperdercy X Y |s lu|| lurcl|ora| deperdercy |l rerova| ol ary
allr|oule A lror X rears lral lre deperdercy does rol ro|d ary rore.
0uE3Tl0N 1:
wral |s 2NF?
AN3wER:
A re|al|or screra R |s |r 2NF |l |l |s |r 1NF ard every ror-pr|re allr|oule A |r R |s lu||y lurcl|ora||y deperderl or pr|rary |ey.
0uE3Tl0N 1Z:
wral |s 3NF?
AN3wER:
A re|al|or screra R |s |r 3NF |l |l |s |r 2NF ard lor every F0 X A e|lrer ol lre lo||oW|rg |s lrue
? X |s a 3uper-|ey ol R.
? A |s a pr|re allr|oule ol R.
lr olrer Words, |l every ror pr|re allr|oule |s ror-lrars|l|ve|y deperderl or pr|rary |ey.
0uE3Tl0N 18:
wral |s 8CNF (8oyce-Codd Norra| Forr)?
AN3wER:
A re|al|or screra R |s |r 8CNF |l |l |s |r 3NF ard sal|sl|es ar add|l|ora| corslra|rl lral lor every F0 X A, X rusl oe a card|dale
|ey.
0uE3Tl0N 19:
wral |s 1NF?
AN3wER:
A re|al|or screra R |s sa|d lo oe |r 1NF |l lor every Vu|l|va|ued deperdercy X Y lral ro|ds over R, ore ol lo||oW|rg |s lrue
? X |s suosel or equa| lo (or) XY = R.
? X |s a super |ey.
0uE3Tl0N 50:
wral |s 5NF?
AN3wER:
A Re|al|or screra R |s sa|d lo oe 5NF |l lor every jo|r deperdercy {R1, R2, ., Rr lral ro|ds R, ore lre lo||oW|rg |s lrue
? R| = R lor sore |.
? Tre jo|r deperdercy |s |rp||ed oy lre sel ol F0, over R |r Wr|cr lre |ell s|de |s |ey ol R.

ley Readersl lere are sore lop |rlerv|eW quesl|ors re|aled lo 0rac|e 0alaoase lor Tecrr|ca| Type Paper. Trese quesl|ors
Were re|p you |ol lo srarper your |roW|edge & your career |r lre l|e|d ol 0rac|e 0alaoase.
1. 3NAP3l0T |s used lor [08A|
a. 3yroryr, o. Tao|e space, c 3ysler server, d 0yrar|c dala rep||cal|or Ars : 0
2. we car creale 3NAP3l0TL00 lor[08A|
a. 3|rp|e srapsrols, o. Corp|ex srapsrols, c. 8olr A & 8, d Ne|lrer A ror 8 Ars : A
3. Trarsacl|ors per ro||oac| segrerl |s der|ved lror[08A|
a. 0o_8|oc|_8ullers, o. Processes, c. 3rared_Poo|_3|ze, d. Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
1. EN0uEuE resources parareler |rlorral|or |s der|ved lror[08A|
a. Processes or 00L_L0CK3 ard 0VL_L0CK3, o. L00_8uFFER, c. 08__8L0CK_3lZE..
Ars : A
5. L0wR process Wr|les |rlorral|or |rlo
a 0alaoase l||es, o Corlro| l||es, c Redo|og l||es, d A|| lre aoove. Ars : C
. 3ET TRAN3ACTl0N u3E R0LL8ACK 3E0VENT |s used lo creale user oojecls |r
a parl|cu|ar Tao|espace
a True, o Fa|se Ars : Fa|se
Z. 0alaoases overa|| slruclure |s ra|rla|red |r a l||e ca||ed
a Redo|og l||e, o 0ala l||e, c Corlro| l||e, d A|| ol lre aoove.
Ars : C
8. Trese lo||oW|rg pararelers are opl|ora| |r |r|l.ora parareler l||e
08_8L0CK_3lZE, PR0CE33E3
a True, o Fa|se Ars : Fa|se
9. Corslra|rls carrol oe exporled lrrougr EXP0RT corrard
a True, o Fa|se Ars : Fa|se
10. ll |s very d|ll|cu|l lo grarl ard rarage corror pr|v||eges reeded oy d|llererl groups ol dalaoase users us|rg lre ro|es
a True, o Fa|se Ars : Fa|se
11. wral |s d|llererce oelWeer a 0lAL00 wlN00w ard a 00CuVENT wlN00w regard|rg rov|rg lre W|rdoW W|lr respecl
lo lre app||cal|or W|rdoW
a 8olr W|rdoWs oerave lre sare Way as lar as rov|rg lre W|rdoW |s corcerred.
o A docurerl W|rdoW car oe roved ouls|de lre app||cal|or W|rdoW Wr||e a d|a|og W|rdoW carrol oe roved
c A d|a|og W|rdoW car oe roved ouls|de lre app||cal|or W|rdoW Wr||e a docurerl W|rdoW carrol oe roved
Ars : C
12. wral |s lre d|llererce oelWeer a VE33A0E80X ard ar ALERT
1. A ressageoox car oe used or|y oy lre sysler ard carrol oe used |r user app||cal|orWr||e ar a|erl car oe used |r
user app||cal|or a|so.
2. A a|erl car oe used or|y oy lre sysler ard carrol oe use d|r user app||cal|or Wr||e ar ressageoox car oe used |r
user app||cal|or a|so.
3. Ar a|erl requ|res ar resporse lror lre userWr||e a ressageoox jusl l|asres a ressage
ard or|y requ|res ar ac|roW|edrerl lror lre user
1. Ar ressage oox requ|res ar resporse lror lre userWr||e a a|erl jusl l|asres a ressage ar or|y
requ|res ar ac|roW|edrerl lror lre user Ars : C
1. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol ar reasor lor lre lacl lral rosl ol lre process|rg |s dore al lre server ?
a To reduce relWor| lrall|c. o For app||cal|or srar|rg, c To |rp|ererl ous|ress ru|es cerlra||y,
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
2. Car a 0lAL00 wlN00w rave scro|| oar allacred lo |l ?
a Yes, o No Ars : 8
3. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol ar advarlage ol 0ul syslers ?
a. lrlu|l|ve ard easy lo use., o. 0ul's car d|sp|ay ru|l|p|e app||cal|ors |r ru|l|p|e W|rdoWs
c. 0ul's prov|de rore user |rlerlace oojecls lor a deve|oper d. Nore ol lre aoove
Ars
1. wral |s lre d|llererce oelWeer a Ll3T 80X ard a C0V80 80X ?
a lr lre ||sl oox, lre user |s reslr|cled lo se|ecl|rg a va|ue lror a ||sl oul |r a coroo oox lre usercar lype |r va|ue Wr|cr |s
rol |r lre ||sl
o A ||sl oox |s a dala erlry area Wr||e a coroo oox car oe used or|y lor corlro| purposes
c lr a coroo oox, lre user |s reslr|cled lo se|ecl|rg a va|ue lror a ||sl oul |r a ||sl oox lre
user car lype |r a va|ue Wr|cr |s rol |r lre ||sl
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
5. lr a CLlENT/3ERvER erv|rorrerl , Wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg Wou|d rol oe dore al lre c||erl ?
a user |rlerlace parl, o 0ala va||dal|or al erlry ||re, c Respord|rg lo user everls,
d Nore ol lre aoove Ars : 0
. wry |s |l oeller lo use ar lNTE0RlTY C0N3TRAlNT lo va||dale dala |r a lao|e lrar lo use a 3T0RE0
PR0CE0uRE ?
a 8ecause ar |rlegr|ly corslra|rl |s auloral|ca||y crec|ed Wr||e dala |s |rserled |rlo or updaled |r a lao|e Wr||e a
slored procedure ras lo oe spec|l|ca||y |rvo|ed
o 8ecause lre slored procedure occup|es rore space |r lre dalaoase lrar a |rlegr|ly corslra|rl del|r|l|or
c 8ecause a slored procedure creales rore relWor| lrall|c lrar a |rlegr|ly corslra|rl del|r|l|or
Ars : A
Z. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol ar advarlage ol a c||erl/server rode| ?
a. A c||erl/server rode| a||oWs cerlra||sed corlro| ol dala ard cerlra||sed |rp|ererlal|or ol ous|ress ru|es.
o A c||erl/server rode| |rcreases deve|oper;s producl|v|ly
c A c||erl/server rode| |s su|lao|e lor a|| app||cal|ors
d Nore ol lre aoove.
Ars : C
8. wral does 0LL slards lor ?
a 0yrar|c Larguage L|orary
o 0yrar|c L|r| L|orary
c 0yrar|c Load L|orary
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
9. P03T-8L0CK lr|gger |s a
a Nav|gal|ora| lr|gger
o Key lr|gger
c Trarsacl|ora| lr|gger
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
10. Tre sysler var|ao|e lral records lre se|ecl slalererl lral 30L F0RV3 rosl recerl|y used
lo popu|ale a o|oc| |s
a 3Y3TEV.LA3T_REC0R0
o 3Y3TEV.CuR30R_REC0R0
c 3Y3TEV.CuR30R_FlEL0
d 3Y3TEV.LA3T_0uERY
Ars: 0
11. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s TRuE lor lre ENF0RCE KEY l|e|d
a ENF0RCE KEY l|e|d craraclersl|c |rd|cales lre source ol lre va|ue lral 30LF0RV3 uses lo popu|ale lre l|e|d
o A l|e|d W|lr lre ENF0RCE KEY craraclersl|c srou|d rave lre lNPuT ALL0wE0 craralersl|c lurred oll
a 0r|y 1 |s TRuE
o 0r|y 2 |s TRuE
c 8olr 1 ard 2 are TRuE
d 8olr 1 ard 2 are FAL3E
Ars : A
12. wral |s lre rax|rur s|ze ol lre page ?
a Craraclers W|de & 25 craraclers |erglr
o Craraclers W|de & 25 craraclers |erglr
c Craraclers W|de & 80 craraclers |erglr
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
13. A F0RV |s radeup ol Wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg oojecls
a o|oc|, l|e|ds or|y,
o o|oc|s, l|e|ds, pages or|y,
c o|oc|s, l|e|ds, pages, lr|ggers ard lorr |eve| procedures,
d 0r|y o|oc|s.
Ars : C
11. For lre lo||oW|rg slalererls Wr|cr |s lrue
1 Page |s ar oojecl oWred oy a lorr
2 Pages are a co||ecl|or ol d|sp|ay |rlorral|or sucr as corslarl lexl ard grapr|cs.
a 0r|y 1 |s TRuE
o 0r|y 2 |s TRuE
c 8olr 1 & 2 are TRuE
d 8olr are FAL3E
Ars : 8
15. Tre pac|aged procedure lral ra|es dala |r lorr perrarerl |r lre 0alaoase |s
a Posl
o Posl lorr
c Corr|l lorr
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
1. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s TRuE lor lre 3Y3TEV vARlA8LE SSdaleSS
a Car oe ass|gred lo a g|ooa| var|ao|e
o Car oe ass|gred lo ary l|e|d or|y dur|rg des|gr l|re
c Car oe ass|gred lo ary var|ao|e or l|e|d dur|rg rur l|re
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
1Z. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg pac|aged procedure |s uNRE3TRlCTE0 ?
a CALL_lNPuT, o CLEAR_8L0CK, c EXECuTE_0uERY, d u3ER_EXlT
Ars : 0
18. lderl|ly lre RE3TRlCTE0 pac|aged procedure lror lre lo||oW|rg
a u3ER_EXlT, o VE33A0E, c 8REAK, d EXlT_F0RV
Ars : 0
19. wral |s 30LF0RV3
a 30LF0RV3 |s a 10L loo| lor deve|op|rg & execul|rg 0rac|e oased |rleracl|ve app||cal|ors.
o 30LF0RV3 |s a 30L loo| lor correcl|rg lo lre 0alaoase.
c 30LF0RV3 |s a reporl|rg loo|
d Nore ol lre aoove.
Ars : A
20. Nare lre lWo l||es lral are crealed Wrer you gererale a lorr us|rg Forrs 3.0
a FV8 & FVX, o FVR & F0X, c lNP & FRV, d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
21. wral |s a lr|gger
a A p|ece ol |og|c Wr|ller |r PL/30L
o Execuled al lre arr|va| ol a 30LF0RV3 everl
c 8olr A & 8
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
22. wr|cr ol lre lo|oW|rg |s TRuE lor a ERA3E pac|aged procedure
1 ERA3E reroves ar |rd|caled 0|ooa| var|ao|e & re|eases lre rerory assoc|aled W|lr |l
2 ERA3E |s used lo rerove a l|e|d lror a page
1 0r|y 1 |s TRuE
2 0r|y 2 |s TRuE
3 8olr 1 & 2 are TRuE
1 8olr 1 & 2 are FAL3E
Ars : 1
23. A|| dalal||es re|aled lo a Tao|espace are reroved Wrer lre Tao|espace |s dropped
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
21. 3|ze ol Tao|espace car oe |rcreased oy
a lrcreas|rg lre s|ze ol ore ol lre 0alal||es
o Add|rg ore or rore 0alal||es
c Carrol oe |rcreased
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
25. Vu|l|p|e Tao|espaces car srare a s|rg|e dalal||e
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
2. A sel ol 0|cl|orary lao|es are crealed
a 0rce lor lre Erl|re 0alaoase
o Every l|re a user |s crealed
c Every l|re a Tao|espace |s crealed
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
2Z. 0alad|cl|orary car spar across ru|l|p|e Tao|espaces
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
28. wral |s a 0ATA8L0CK
a 3el ol Exlerls
o 3el ol 3egrerls
c 3ra||esl 0alaoase slorage ur|l
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
29. Car ar lrlegr|ly Corslra|rl oe erlorced or a lao|e |l sore ex|sl|rg lao|e dala does rol sal|sly lre corslra|rl
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
30. A co|urr del|red as PRlVARY KEY car rave NuLL's
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
31. A Trarsacl|or erds
a 0r|y Wrer |l |s Corr|lled
o 0r|y Wrer |l |s Ro||edoac|
c wrer |l |s Corr|lled or Ro||edoac|
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
32. A 0alaoase Procedure |s slored |r lre 0alaoase
a lr corp||ed lorr
o As source code
c 8olr A & 8
d Nol slored
Ars : C
33. A dalaoase lr|gger doesrol app|y lo dala |oaded oelore lre del|r|l|or ol lre lr|gger
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : A
31. 0ed|caled server corl|gural|or |s
a 0re server process - Vary user processes
o Vary server processes - 0re user process
c 0re server process - 0re user process
d Vary server processes - Vary user processes
Ars : C
35. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg does rol allecl lre s|ze ol lre 30A
a 0alaoase ouller
o Redo|og ouller
c 3lored procedure
d 3rared poo|
Ars : C
3. wral does a C0VVlT slalererl do lo a CuR30R
a 0per lre Cursor
o Felcr lre Cursor
c C|ose lre Cursor
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
3Z. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s TRuE
1 losl var|ao|es are dec|ared aryWrere |r lre prograr
2 losl var|ao|es are dec|ared |r lre 0ECLARE secl|or
a 0r|y 1 |s TRuE
o 0r|y 2 |s TRuE
c 8olr 1 & 2are TRuE
d 8olr are FAL3E
Ars : 8
38. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s N0T vALl0 |s PL/30L
a 8oo| ooo|ear;
o NuV1, NuV2 ruroer;
c deplrare depl.drarelype;
d dale1 dale := sysdale
Ars : 8
39. 0ec|are
lvar ruroer := ru||; svar ruroer := 5
8eg|r
golo << lproc>>
|l lvar |s ru|| lrer
<< lproc>>
svar := svar 5
erd |l;
Erd;
wral W||| oe lre va|ue ol svar aller lre execul|or ?
a Error
o 10
c 5
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
10. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul ar Excepl|or ?
a Ra|sed auloral|ca||y / Exp||c|l|y |r resporse lo ar 0RACLE_ERR0R
o Ar excepl|or W||| oe ra|sed Wrer ar error occurs |r lral o|oc|
c Process lerr|rales aller corp|el|or ol error sequerce.
d A Procedure or 3equerce ol slalererls ray oe processed.
Ars : C
11. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul user_0el|red Excepl|ors ?
a Vusl oe dec|ared
o Vusl oe ra|sed exp||c|l|y
c Ra|sed auloral|ca||y |r resporse lo ar 0rac|e error
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
12. A 3lored Procedure |s a
a 3equerce ol 30L or PL/30L slalererls lo perlorr spec|l|c lurcl|or
o 3lored |r corp||ed lorr |r lre dalaoase
c Car oe ca||ed lror a|| c||erl erv|rorrels
d A|| ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
13. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg slalererl |s la|se
a Ary procedure car ra|se ar error ard relurr ar user ressage ard error ruroer
o Error ruroer rarg|rg lror 20000 lo 20999 are reserved lor user del|red ressages
c 0rac|e crec|s ur|queress ol user del|red errors
d Ra|se_App||cal|or_error |s used lor ra|s|rg ar user del|red error.
Ars : C
11. ls |l poss|o|e lo oper a cursor Wr|cr |s |r a Pac|age |r arolrer procedure ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
15. ls |l poss|o|e lo use Trarsacl|ora| corlro| slalererls |r 0alaoase Tr|ggers?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
1. ls |l poss|o|e lo Erao|e or 0|sao|e a 0alaoase lr|gger ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
1Z. PL/30L supporls dalalype(s)
a 3ca|ar dalalype
o Corpos|le dalalype
c A|| ol lre aoove
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars C
18. F|rd lre 000 dalalype oul
a vARClAR2
o REC0R0
c 800LEAN
d RAw
Ars : 8
19. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul lre TA8LE dalalype ?
a Car corla|r ary ro ol co|urrs
o 3|ru|ales a 0re-d|rers|ora| array ol ur||r|led s|ze
c Co|urr dalalype ol ary 3ca|ar lype
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
50. F|rd lre 000 ore oul ol lre lo||oW|rg
a 0PEN
o CL03E
c lN3ERT
d FETCl
Ars C
51. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul Cursor ?
a Cursor |s a rared Pr|vale 30L area
o Cursor ro|ds lerporary resu|ls
c Cursor |s used lor relr|ev|rg ru|l|p|e roWs
d 30L uses |rp||c|l Cursors lo relr|eve roWs
Ars : 8
52. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s N0T vALl0 |r PL/30L ?
a 3e|ecl . |rlo
o updale
c Creale
d 0e|ele
Ars : C
53. wral |s lre Resu|l ol lre lo||oW|rg 'vlK'jjNuLLjj'RAV' ?
a Error
o vlK RAV
c vlKRAV
d NuLL
Ars : C
51. 0ec|are
a ruroer := 5; o ruroer := ru||; c ruroer := 10;
8eg|r
|l a > o AN0 a < c lrer
a := c a;
erd |l;
Erd;
wral W||| oe lre va|ue ol 'a' aller execul|or ?
a 50
o NuLL
c 5
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
55. 0oes lre 0alaoase lr|gger W||| l|re Wrer lre lao|e |s TRuNCATE0 ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
5. 3u83TR(30uARE AN3 ALwAY3 w0RK lAR0,11,) W||| relurr
a ALwAY
o 3 ALwA
c ALwAY3
Ars : C
5Z. REPLACE('JACK AN0 JuE','J','8L') W||| relurr
a JACK AN0 8LuE
o 8LACK AN0 JACK
c 8LACK AN0 8LuE
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
58. TRAN3LATE('333300231','012315Z89A8C0P0R3T','012315Z89') W||| relurr
a 333231
o 333333
c 231333
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
59. EVPN0 ENAVE 3AL
A822 RAVA3wAVY 3500
A812 NARAYAN 5000
A9Z3 uVE3l 2850
A500 8ALAJl 5Z50
use lrese dala lor lre lo||oW|rg 0uesl|ors
3e|ecl 3AL lror EVP E1 Wrere 3 > ( 3e|ecl courl() lror Erp E2 Wrere E1.3AL > E2.3AL ) W||| relr|eve
a 3500,5000,2500
o 5000,2850
c 2850,5Z50
d 5000,5Z50
Ars : A
0. ls |l poss|o|e lo rod|ly a 0alalype ol a co|urr Wrer co|urr corla|rs dala ?
a Yes
o No
Ars 8
1. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul a v|eW ?
a To prolecl sore ol lre co|urrs ol a lao|e lror olrer users
o 0cuup|es dala slorage space
c To r|de corp|ex|ly ol a query
d To r|de corp|ex|ly ol a ca|cu|al|ors
Ars : 8
2. wr|cr |s rol parl ol lre 0ala 0el|r|lor Larguage ?
a CREATE
o ALTER
c ALTER 3E33l0N
Ars : C
3. Tre 0ala Var|pu|al|or Larguage slalererls are
a lN3ERT
o uP0ATE
c 3ELECT
d A|| ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
1. EVPN0 ENAVE 3AL
A822 RAVA3wAVY 3500
A812 NARAYAN 5000
A9Z3 uVE3l
A500 8ALAJl 5Z50
us|rg lre aoove dala
3e|ecl courl(sa|) lror Erp W||| relr|eve
a 1
o 0
c 3
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
5. ll ar uNl0uE KEY corslra|rl or 0ATE co|urr |s crealed, W||| |l accepl lre roWs lral are |rserled W|lr
3Y30ATE ?
a w|||
o wor'l
Ars : 8
. wral are lre d|llererl everls |r Tr|ggers ?
a 0el|re, Creale
o 0rop, Correrl
c lrserl, updale, 0e|ele
d A|| ol lre aoove
Ars : C
Z. wral ou||l-|r suoprograr |s used lo rar|pu|ale |rages |r |rage |lers ?
a Zoor_oul
o Zoor_|r'
c lrage_zoor
d Zoor_|rage
Ars : C
8. Car We pass REC0R0 0R0uP oelWeer F0RV3 ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
9. 3l0w_ALERT lurcl|or relurrs
a 8oo|ear
o Nuroer
c Craracler
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
Z0. wral 3Y3TEV vARlA8LE |s used lo reler 0ATA8A3E TlVE ?
a SSdol|reSS
o SSl|reSS
c SSdalel|reSS
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
Z1. 3Y3TEV.EFFECTlvE.0ATE vara|o|e |s
a Read or|y
o Read & wr|le
c wr|le or|y
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
Z2. loW car you CALL Reporls lror Forrs1.0 ?
a Rur_Reporl ou||l_|r
o Ca||_Reporl ou||l_|r
c Rur_Producl ou||l_|r
d Ca||_Producl ou||l_|r
Ars : C
Z3. wrer do you gel a .PLL exlers|or ?
a 3ave L|orary l||e
o 0ererale L|orary l||e
c Rur L|orary l||e
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
Z1. wral |s ou||l_|r 3uoprograr ?
a 3lored procedure & Furcl|or
o Co||ecl|or ol 3uoprograr
c Co||ecl|or ol Pac|ages
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
Z5. 0ET_8L0CK properly |s a
a Reslr|cled procedure
o urreslr|cled procedure
c L|orary lurcl|or
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
Z. A C0NTR0L 8L0CK car sorel|res reler lo a 8A3ETA8LE ?
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
ZZ. wral do you rear oy ClECK 80X ?
a TWo slale corlro|
o 0re slale corlro|
c Trree slale corlro|
d rore ol lre aoove
Ars : C - P|ease crec| lre Correcress ol lr|s ArsWer ( Tre correcl arsWer|s 2 )
Z8. L|sl ol va|ues (L0v) supporls
a 3|rg|e co|urr
o Vu|l| co|urr
c 3|rg|e or Vu|l| co|urr
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
Z9. wral |s L|orary |r Forrs 1.0 ?
a Co||ecl|or ol Exlerra| l|e|d
o Co||ecl|or ol ou||l_|r pac|ages
c Co||ecl|or ol PL/30| lurcl|ors, procedures ard pac|ages
d Co||ecl|or ol PL/30L procedures & lr|ggers
Ars : C
80. Car We use a RE3TRlCTE0 pac|aged procedure |r wlEN_TEXT_lTEV lr|gger ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
81. Car We use 00_8L0CK pac|age |r a PRE_TEXT_lTEV lr|gger ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
82. wral lype ol l||e |s used lor porl|rg Forrs 1.5 app||cal|ors lo var|ous p|allorrs ?
a . FV8 l||e
o . FVX l||e
c . FVT l||e
d . EXE l||e
Ars : C
83. wral ou||l_|r procedure |s used lo gel lVA0E3 |r Forrs 1.5 ?
a REA0_lVA0E_FlLE
o 0ET_lVA0E_FlLE
c REA0_FlLE
d 0ET_FlLE
Ars A
81. wrer a lorr |s |rvo|ed W|lr CALL_F0RV does 0rac|e lorrs |ssues 3AvEP0lNT ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
85. Car We allacr lre sare L0v lo d|llererl l|e|ds |r 0es|gr l|re ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
8. loW do you pass va|ues lror ore lorr lo arolrer lorr ?
a L0v
o Pararelers
c Loca| var|ao|es
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
8Z. Car you copy lre PR00RAV uNlT |rlo ar 0ojecl group ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
100. Car VuLTlPLE 00CuVENT lNTERFACE (V0l) oe used |r Forrs 1.5 ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
88. Car VuLTlPLE 00CuVENT lNTERFACE (V0l) oe used |r Forrs 1.5 ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
89. wrer |s a .FV8 l||e exlers|or |s crealed |r Forrs 1.5 ?
a 0ereral|rg lorr
o Execul|rg lorr
c 3ave lorr
d Rur lorr
Ars : C
90. wral |s a 8u||l_|r suoprograr ?
a L|orary
o 3lored procedure & Furcl|or
c Co||ecl|or ol 3uoprogrars
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
91. wral |s a RA0l0 0R0uP ?
a Vulua||y exc|us|ve
o 3e|ecl rore lrar ore co|urr
c Aoove a|| TRuE
d Aoove a|| FAL3E
Ars : A
92. lderl|ly lre 0dd ore ol lre lo||oW|rg slalererls ?
a Pop||sl
o T||sl
c L|sl ol va|ues
d Coroo oox
Ars : C
93. wral |s ar ALERT ?
a Vode|ess W|rdoW
o Voda| W|rdoW
c 8olr are TRuE
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
91. Car ar A|erl ressage oe crarged al rurl|re ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
95. Car We creale ar L0v W|lroul ar REC0R0 0R0uP ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
9. loW rary ro ol co|urrs car a REC0R0 0R0uP rave ?
a 10
o 20
c 50
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars 0
9Z. 0rac|e precorp||er lrars|ales lre EV8E00E0 30L slalerers |rlo
a 0rac|e F0RV3
o 0rac|e REP0RT3
c 0rac|e Ll8RARY
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
98. K|rd ol C0VVENT slalererls p|aced W|lr|r 30L slalererls ?
a Asler|s|() |r co|urr ?
o AN3l 30L sly|e slalererls(.)
c C-3ly|e correrls (/../)
d A|| lre aoove
Ars : 0
99. wral |s TERV ?
a TERV |s lre lerr|ra| del|r|l|or l||e lral descr|oes lre lerr|ra| lror Wr|cr you are us|rg R20RuN
( Reporls rur l|re )
o TERV |s lre lerr|ra| del|r|l|or l||e lral descr|oes lre lerr|ra| lror Wr|cr you are us|rg R200E3
( Reporls des|grer )
c Trere |s ro Parareler ca||ed TERV |r Reporls 2.0
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
100. ll lre rax|rur records relr|eved properly ol a query |s sel lo 10, lrer a surrary va|ue W|||
oe ca|cu|aled
a 0r|y lor 10 records
o For a|| lre records relr|eved
c For a|| lrerecords |r lre relererced lao|e
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
101. w|lr Wr|cr lurcl|or ol a surrary |ler |r lre C0VPuTE AT opl|o requ|red ?
a 3ur
o 3lardard dev|al|or
c var|arce
d ol Tola| lurcl|or
Ars : 0
102. For a l|e|d |r a repeal|rg lrare, car lre source core lror a co|urr Wr|cr does rol ex|sl |r
lre dalagroup Wr|cr lorrs lre oase ol lre lrare ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
103. wral are lre d|llererl l||e exlers|ors lral are crealed oy 0rac|e Reporls ?
a . R0F l||e & .RPX l||e
o . R0X l||e & .R0F l||e
c . REP l||e & .R0F l||e
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
101. ls |l poss|o|e lo 0|sao|e lre Parareler lorr Wr||e rurr|rg lre reporl?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
105. wral are lre 30L c|auses supporled |r lre ||r| properly sreel ?
a wlERE & 3TART wlTl
o wlERE & lAvlN0
c 3TART wlTl & lAvlN0
d wlERE, 3TART wlTl & lAvlN0
Ars : 0
10. wral are lre lypes ol Ca|cu|aled co|urrs ava||ao|e ?
a 3urrary, P|ace ro|der & Procedure co|urr
o 3urrary, Procedure & Forru|a co|urrs
c Procedure, Forru|a & P|ace ro|der co|urrs
d 3urrary, Forru|a & P|ace ro|der co|urrs
Ars.: 0
10Z. ll lWo groups are rol ||r|ed |r lre dala rode| ed|lor, Wral |s lre r|erarcry oelWeer lrer?
a Trere |s ro r|erarcry oelWeer ur||r|ed groups
o Tre group lral |s r|grl rar|s r|grer lrar lre group lral |s lo lre|ell
c Tre group lral |s aoove or |ellrosl rar|s r|grer lrar lre group lral |s lo r|grl or oe|oW |l
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
108. 3equerce ol everls la|es p|ace Wr||e slarl|rg a 0alaoase |s
a 0alaoase opered, F||e rourled, lrslarce slarled
o lrslarce slarled, 0alaoase rourled & 0alaoase opered
c 0alaoase opered, lrslarce slarled & l||e rourled
d F||es rourled, lrslarce slarled & 0alaoase opered
Ars : 8
109. 3Y3TEV TA8LE3PACE car oe rade oll-||re
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
110. EN0uEuE_RE30uRCE3 parareler |rlorral|or |s der|ved lror
a PR0CE33 or 00L_L0CK3 & 0VL_L0CK3
o L00 8uFFER
c 08_8L0CK_3lZE
d 08_8L0CK_8uFFER3
Ars : A
111. 3V0N process |s used lo Wr|le |rlo L00 l||es
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
112. EXP corrard |s used
a To la|e 8ac|up ol lre 0rac|e 0alaoase
o To |rporl dala lror lre exporled durp l||e
c To creale Ro||oac| segrerls
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
113. 3NAP3l0T3 carrol oe relresred auloral|ca||y
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
111. Tre user car sel Arcr|ve l||e rare lorrals
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : A
115. Tre lo||oW|rg pararelers are opl|ora| |r |r|l.ora parareler l||e 08_8L0CK_3lZE, PR0CE33
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
11. N0ARCllEvEL00 parareler |s used lo erao|e lre dalaoase |r Arcr|eve rode
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
11Z. Corslra|rls carrol oe exporled lrrougr Exporl corrard?
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
118. ll |s very d|ll|cu|l lo grarl ard rarage corror pr|ve|eges reeded oy
d|llererl groups ol dalaoase users us|rg ro|es
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
119. Tre slalus ol lre Ro||oac| segrerl car oe v|eWed lrrougr
a 08A_3E0VENT3
o 08A_R0LE3
c 08A_FREE_3PACE3
d 08A_R0LL8ACK_3E0
Ars : 0
120. Exp||c|l|y We car ass|gr lrarsacl|or lo a ro||oac| segrerl
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : A
121. wral l||e |s read oy 008C lo |oad dr|vers ?
a 008C.lNl
o 008C.0LL
c 008C0Rv.lNl
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A

1.wral |s dalaoase?
A dalaoase |s a |og|ca||y corererl co||ecl|or ol dala W|lr sore |rrererl rear|rg, represerl|rg sore aspecl ol rea| Wor|d ard
Wr|cr |s des|gred, ou||l ard popu|aled W|lr dala lor a spec|l|c purpose.
2. wral |s 08V3?
ll |s a co||ecl|or ol progrars lral erao|es user lo creale ard ra|rla|r a dalaoase. lr olrer Words |l |s gerera|-purpose sollWare
lral prov|des lre users W|lr lre processes ol del|r|rg, corslrucl|rg ard rar|pu|al|rg lre dalaoase lor var|ous app||cal|ors.
3. wral |s a 0alaoase sysler?
Tre dalaoase ard 08V3 sollWare logelrer |s ca||ed as 0alaoase sysler.
1. Advarlages ol 08V3?
0 Redurdarcy |s corlro||ed.
0 uraulror|zed access |s reslr|cled.
0 Prov|d|rg ru|l|p|e user |rlerlaces.
0 Erlorc|rg |rlegr|ly corslra|rls.
0 Prov|d|rg oac|up ard recovery.
5. 0|sadvarlage |r F||e Process|rg 3ysler?
0 0ala redurdarcy & |rcors|slercy.
0 0|ll|cu|l |r access|rg dala.
0 0ala |so|al|or.
0 0ala |rlegr|ly.
0 Corcurrerl access |s rol poss|o|e.
0 3ecur|ly Proo|ers.
. 0escr|oe lre lrree |eve|s ol dala aoslracl|or?
Tre are lrree |eve|s ol aoslracl|or:
0 Prys|ca| |eve|: Tre |oWesl |eve| ol aoslracl|or descr|oes roW dala are slored.
0 Log|ca| |eve|: Tre rexl r|grer |eve| ol aoslracl|or, descr|oes Wral dala are slored |r dalaoase ard Wral re|al|orsr|p arorg
lrose dala.
0 v|eW |eve|: Tre r|gresl |eve| ol aoslracl|or descr|oes or|y parl ol erl|re dalaoase.
Z. 0el|re lre |rlegr|ly ru|es
Trere are lWo lrlegr|ly ru|es.
0 Erl|ly lrlegr|ly: 3lales lral 'Pr|rary |ey carrol rave NuLL va|ue
0 Relererl|a| lrlegr|ly: 3lales lral 'Fore|gr Key car oe e|lrer a NuLL va|ue or srou|d oe Pr|rary Key va|ue ol olrer re|al|or.
8. wral |s exlers|or ard |rlers|or?
Exlers|or -
ll |s lre ruroer ol lup|es preserl |r a lao|e al ary |rslarce. Tr|s |s l|re deperderl.
lrlers|or -
ll |s a corslarl va|ue lral g|ves lre rare, slruclure ol lao|e ard lre corslra|rls |a|d or |l.
9. wral |s 3ysler R? wral are |ls lWo rajor suosyslers?
3ysler R Was des|gred ard deve|oped over a per|od ol 19Z1-Z9 al l8V 3ar Jose Researcr Cerler. ll |s a prololype ard |ls
purpose Was lo derorslrale lral |l |s poss|o|e lo ou||d a Re|al|ora| 3ysler lral car oe used |r a rea| ||le erv|rorrerl lo so|ve
rea| ||le proo|ers, W|lr perlorrarce al |easl corparao|e lo lral ol ex|sl|rg sysler.
lls lWo suosyslers are
0 Researcr 3lorage
0 3ysler Re|al|ora| 0ala 3ysler.
10. loW |s lre dala slruclure ol 3ysler R d|llererl lror lre re|al|ora| slruclure?
ur|||e Re|al|ora| syslers |r 3ysler R
0 0ora|rs are rol supporled
0 Erlorcererl ol card|dale |ey ur|queress |s opl|ora|
0 Erlorcererl ol erl|ly |rlegr|ly |s opl|ora|
0 Relererl|a| |rlegr|ly |s rol erlorced
11. wral |s 0ala lrdeperderce?
0ala |rdeperderce rears lral 'lre app||cal|or |s |rdeperderl ol lre slorage slruclure ard access slralegy ol dala. lr olrer
Words, Tre ao|||ly lo rod|ly lre screra del|r|l|or |r ore |eve| srou|d rol allecl lre screra del|r|l|or |r lre rexl r|grer |eve|.
TWo lypes ol 0ala lrdeperderce:
0 Prys|ca| 0ala lrdeperderce: Vod|l|cal|or |r prys|ca| |eve| srou|d rol allecl lre |og|ca| |eve|.
0 Log|ca| 0ala lrdeperderce: Vod|l|cal|or |r |og|ca| |eve| srou|d allecl lre v|eW |eve|.
N0TE: Log|ca| 0ala lrdeperderce |s rore d|ll|cu|l lo acr|eve
12. wral |s a v|eW? loW |l |s re|aled lo dala |rdeperderce?
A v|eW ray oe lrougrl ol as a v|rlua| lao|e, lral |s, a lao|e lral does rol rea||y ex|sl |r |ls oWr r|grl oul |s |rslead der|ved lror
ore or rore urder|y|rg oase lao|e. lr olrer Words, lrere |s ro slored l||e lral d|recl represerls lre v|eW |rslead a del|r|l|or ol
v|eW |s slored |r dala d|cl|orary.
0roWlr ard reslruclur|rg ol oase lao|es |s rol rel|ecled |r v|eWs. Trus lre v|eW car |rsu|ale users lror lre ellecls ol
reslruclur|rg ard groWlr |r lre dalaoase. lerce accourls lor |og|ca| dala |rdeperderce.
13. wral |s 0ala Vode|?
A co||ecl|or ol corceplua| loo|s lor descr|o|rg dala, dala re|al|orsr|ps dala serarl|cs ard corslra|rls.
11. wral |s E-R rode|?
Tr|s dala rode| |s oased or rea| Wor|d lral cors|sls ol oas|c oojecls ca||ed erl|l|es ard ol re|al|orsr|p arorg lrese oojecls.
Erl|l|es are descr|oed |r a dalaoase oy a sel ol allr|oules.
15. wral |s 0ojecl 0r|erled rode|?
Tr|s rode| |s oased or co||ecl|or ol oojecls. Ar oojecl corla|rs va|ues slored |r |rslarce var|ao|es W|lr |r lre oojecl. Ar oojecl
a|so corla|rs ood|es ol code lral operale or lre oojecl. Trese ood|es ol code are ca||ed relrods. 0ojecls lral corla|r sare
lypes ol va|ues ard lre sare relrods are grouped logelrer |rlo c|asses.
1. wral |s ar Erl|ly?
ll |s a 'lr|rg' |r lre rea| Wor|d W|lr ar |rdeperderl ex|slerce.
1Z. wral |s ar Erl|ly lype?
ll |s a co||ecl|or (sel) ol erl|l|es lral rave sare allr|oules.
18. wral |s ar Erl|ly sel?
ll |s a co||ecl|or ol a|| erl|l|es ol parl|cu|ar erl|ly lype |r lre dalaoase.
19. wral |s ar Exlers|or ol erl|ly lype?
Tre co||ecl|ors ol erl|l|es ol a parl|cu|ar erl|ly lype are grouped logelrer |rlo ar erl|ly sel.
20. wral |s wea| Erl|ly sel?
Ar erl|ly sel ray rol rave sull|c|erl allr|oules lo lorr a pr|rary |ey, ard |ls pr|rary |ey corpror|ses ol |ls parl|a| |ey ard
pr|rary |ey ol |ls parerl erl|ly, lrer |l |s sa|d lo oe wea| Erl|ly sel.
21. wral |s ar allr|oule?
ll |s a parl|cu|ar properly, Wr|cr descr|oes lre erl|ly.
22. wral |s a Re|al|or 3crera ard a Re|al|or?
A re|al|or 3crera deroled oy R(A1, A2, ., Ar) |s rade up ol lre re|al|or rare R ard lre ||sl ol allr|oules A| lral |l
corla|rs. A re|al|or |s del|red as a sel ol lup|es. Lel r oe lre re|al|or Wr|cr corla|rs sel lup|es (l1, l2, l3, ., lr). Eacr lup|e |s ar
ordered ||sl ol r-va|ues l=(v1,v2, ., vr).
23. wral |s degree ol a Re|al|or?
ll |s lre ruroer ol allr|oule ol |ls re|al|or screra.
21. wral |s Re|al|orsr|p?
ll |s ar assoc|al|or arorg lWo or rore erl|l|es.
25. wral |s Re|al|orsr|p sel?
Tre co||ecl|or (or sel) ol s|r||ar re|al|orsr|ps.
2. wral |s Re|al|orsr|p lype?
Re|al|orsr|p lype del|res a sel ol assoc|al|ors or a re|al|orsr|p sel arorg a g|ver sel ol erl|ly lypes.
2Z. wral |s degree ol Re|al|orsr|p lype?
ll |s lre ruroer ol erl|ly lype parl|c|pal|rg.
25. wral |s 00L (0ala 0el|r|l|or Larguage)?
A dala oase screra |s spec|l|es oy a sel ol del|r|l|ors expressed oy a spec|a| |arguage ca||ed 00L.
2. wral |s v0L (v|eW 0el|r|l|or Larguage)?
ll spec|l|es user v|eWs ard lre|r rapp|rgs lo lre corceplua| screra.
2Z. wral |s 30L (3lorage 0el|r|l|or Larguage)?
Tr|s |arguage |s lo spec|ly lre |rlerra| screra. Tr|s |arguage ray spec|ly lre rapp|rg oelWeer lWo screras.
28. wral |s 0ala 3lorage - 0el|r|l|or Larguage?
Tre slorage slruclures ard access relrods used oy dalaoase sysler are spec|l|ed oy a sel ol del|r|l|or |r a spec|a| lype ol 00L
ca||ed dala slorage-del|r|l|or |arguage.
29. wral |s 0VL (0ala Var|pu|al|or Larguage)?
Tr|s |arguage lral erao|e user lo access or rar|pu|ale dala as orgar|sed oy appropr|ale dala rode|.
0 Procedura| 0VL or LoW |eve|: 0VL requ|res a user lo spec|ly Wral dala are reeded ard roW lo gellrose dala.
0 Nor-Procedura| 0VL or l|gr |eve|: 0VL requ|res a user lo spec|ly Wral dala are reeded W|lroul spec|ly|rg roW lo gel lrose
dala.
31. wral |s 0VL Corp||er?
ll lrars|ales 0VL slalererls |r a query |arguage |rlo |oW-|eve| |rslrucl|or lral lre query eva|ual|or erg|re car urderslard.
32. wral |s 0uery eva|ual|or erg|re?
ll execules |oW-|eve| |rslrucl|or gereraled oy corp||er.
33. wral |s 00L lrlerpreler?
ll |rlerprels 00L slalererls ard record lrer |r lao|es corla|r|rg reladala.
31. wral |s Record-al-a-l|re?
Tre LoW |eve| or Procedura| 0VL car spec|ly ard relr|eve eacr record lror a sel ol records. Tr|s relr|eve ol a record |s sa|d lo
oe Record-al-a-l|re.
35. wral |s 3el-al-a-l|re or 3el-or|erled?
Tre l|gr |eve| or Nor-procedura| 0VL car spec|ly ard relr|eve rary records |r a s|rg|e 0VL slalererl. Tr|s relr|eve ol a
record |s sa|d lo oe 3el-al-a-l|re or 3el-or|erled.
3. wral |s Re|al|ora| A|geora?
ll |s procedura| query |arguage. ll cors|sls ol a sel ol operal|ors lral la|e ore or lWo re|al|ors as |rpul ard produce a reW
re|al|or.
3Z. wral |s Re|al|ora| Ca|cu|us?
ll |s ar app||ed pred|cale ca|cu|us spec|l|ca||y la||ored lor re|al|ora| dalaoases proposed oy E.F. Codd. E.g. ol |arguages oased
or |l are 03L ALPlA, 0uEL.
38. loW does Tup|e-or|erled re|al|ora| ca|cu|us d|ller lror dora|r-or|erled re|al|ora| ca|cu|us
Tre lup|e-or|erled ca|cu|us uses a lup|e var|ao|es |.e., var|ao|e Wrose or|y perr|lled va|ues are lup|es ol lral re|al|or. E.g.
0uEL
Tre dora|r-or|erled ca|cu|us ras dora|r var|ao|es |.e., var|ao|es lral rarge over lre urder|y|rg dora|rs |rslead ol over
re|al|or. E.g. lLL, 0E0uCE.
39. wral |s rorra||zal|or?
ll |s a process ol ara|ys|rg lre g|ver re|al|or screras oased or lre|r Furcl|ora| 0eperderc|es (F0s) ard pr|rary |ey lo
acr|eve lre properl|es
0 V|r|r|z|rg redurdarcy
0 V|r|r|z|rg |rserl|or, de|el|or ard updale arora||es.
10. wral |s Furcl|ora| 0eperdercy?
A Furcl|ora| deperdercy |s deroled oy X Y oelWeer lWo sels ol allr|oules X ard Y lral are suosels ol R spec|l|es a corslra|rl
or lre poss|o|e lup|e lral car lorr a re|al|or slale r ol R. Tre corslra|rl |s lor ary lWo lup|es l1 ard l2 |r r |l l1[X| = l2[X| lrer
lrey rave l1[Y| = l2[Y|. Tr|s rears lre va|ue ol X corporerl ol a lup|e ur|que|y delerr|res lre va|ue ol corporerl Y.
11. wrer |s a lurcl|ora| deperdercy F sa|d lo oe r|r|ra|?
0 Every deperdercy |r F ras a s|rg|e allr|oule lor |ls r|grl rard s|de.
0 we carrol rep|ace ary deperdercy X A |r F W|lr a deperdercy Y A Wrere Y |s a proper suosel ol X ard sl||| rave a sel ol
deperdercy lral |s equ|va|erl lo F.
0 we carrol rerove ary deperdercy lror F ard sl||| rave sel ol deperdercy lral |s equ|va|erl lo F.
12. wral |s Vu|l|va|ued deperdercy?
Vu|l|va|ued deperdercy deroled oy X Y spec|l|ed or re|al|or screra R, Wrere X ard Y are oolr suosels ol R, spec|l|es lre
lo||oW|rg corslra|rl or ary re|al|or r ol R: |l lWo lup|es l1 ard l2 ex|sl |r r sucr lral l1[X| = l2[X| lrer l3 ard l1 srou|d a|so ex|sl |r
r W|lr lre lo||oW|rg properl|es
0 l3[x| = l1[X| = l1[X| = l2[X|
0 l3[Y| = l1[Y| ard l1[Y| = l2[Y|
0 l3[Z| = l2[Z| ard l1[Z| = l1[Z|
Wrere [Z = (R-(X u Y)) |
13. wral |s Loss|ess jo|r properly?
ll guararlees lral lre spur|ous lup|e gereral|or does rol occur W|lr respecl lo re|al|or screras aller decorpos|l|or.
11. wral |s 1 NF (Norra| Forr)?
Tre dora|r ol allr|oule rusl |rc|ude or|y alor|c (s|rp|e, |rd|v|s|o|e) va|ues.
15. wral |s Fu||y Furcl|ora| deperdercy?
ll |s oased or corcepl ol lu|| lurcl|ora| deperdercy. A lurcl|ora| deperdercy X Y |s lu|| lurcl|ora| deperdercy |l rerova| ol
ary allr|oule A lror X rears lral lre deperdercy does rol ro|d ary rore.
1. wral |s 2NF?
A re|al|or screra R |s |r 2NF |l |l |s |r 1NF ard every ror-pr|re allr|oule A |r R |s lu||y lurcl|ora||y deperderl or pr|rary |ey.
1Z. wral |s 3NF?
A re|al|or screra R |s |r 3NF |l |l |s |r 2NF ard lor every F0 X A e|lrer ol lre lo||oW|rg |s lrue
0 X |s a 3uper-|ey ol R.
0 A |s a pr|re allr|oule ol R.
lr olrer Words, |l every ror pr|re allr|oule |s ror-lrars|l|ve|y deperderl or pr|rary |ey.
18. wral |s 8CNF (8oyce-Codd Norra| Forr)?
A re|al|or screra R |s |r 8CNF |l |l |s |r 3NF ard sal|sl|es ar add|l|ora| corslra|rl lral lor every F0 X A, X rusl oe a
card|dale |ey.
19. wral |s 1NF?
A re|al|or screra R |s sa|d lo oe |r 1NF |l lor every Vu|l|va|ued deperdercy X Y lral ro|ds over R, ore ol lo||oW|rg |s
lrue
0 X |s suosel or equa| lo (or) XY
= R.
0 X |s a super |ey.
50. wral |s 5NF?
A Re|al|or screra R |s sa|d lo oe 5NF |l lor every jo|r deperdercy {R1, R2, ., Rr lral ro|ds R, ore lre lo||oW|rg |s lrue
0 R| = R lor sore |.
0 Tre jo|r deperdercy |s |rp||ed oy lre sel ol F0, over R |r Wr|cr lre |ell s|de |s |ey ol R.
. loW do you corrur|cale W|lr ar R08V3?
You corrur|cale W|lr ar R08V3 us|rg 3lruclured 0uery Larguage (30L)
ZZ. 0el|re 30L ard slale lre d|llererces oelWeer 30L ard olrer corverl|ora| prograrr|rg Larguages
30L |s a rorprocedura| |arguage lral |s des|gred spec|l|ca||y lor dala access operal|ors or rorra||zed re|al|ora| dalaoase
slruclures. Tre pr|rary d|llererce oelWeer 30L ard olrer corverl|ora| prograrr|rg |arguages |s lral 30L slalererls spec|ly
Wral dala operal|ors srou|d oe perlorred ralrer lrar roW lo perlorr lrer.
Z8. Nare lre lrree rajor sel ol l||es or d|s| lral corpose a dalaoase |r 0rac|e
Trere are lrree rajor sels ol l||es or d|s| lral corpose a dalaoase. A|| lre l||es are o|rary. Trese are
0 0alaoase l||es
0 Corlro| l||es
0 Redo |ogs
Tre rosl |rporlarl ol lrese are lre dalaoase l||es Wrere lre aclua| dala res|des. Tre corlro| l||es ard lre redo |ogs supporl lre
lurcl|or|rg ol lre arcr|leclure |lse|l.
A|| lrree sels ol l||es rusl oe preserl, oper, ard ava||ao|e lo 0rac|e lor ary dala or lre dalaoase lo oe useao|e. w|lroul lrese
l||es, you carrol access lre dalaoase, ard lre dalaoase adr|r|slralor r|grl rave lo recover sore or a|| ol lre dalaoase us|rg a
oac|up, |l lrere |s ore.
Z9. wral |s ar 0rac|e lrslarce?
Tre 0rac|e sysler processes, a|so |roWr as 0rac|e oac|grourd processes, prov|de lurcl|ors lor lre user processeslurcl|ors
lral Wou|d olrerW|se oe dore oy lre user processes lrerse|ves
0rac|e dalaoase-W|de sysler rerory |s |roWr as lre 30A, lre sysler g|ooa| area or srared g|ooa| area. Tre dala ard corlro|
slruclures |r lre 30A are srareao|e, ard a|| lre 0rac|e oac|grourd processes ard user processes car use lrer.
Tre coro|ral|or ol lre 30A ard lre 0rac|e oac|grourd processes |s |roWr as ar 0rac|e |rslarce
80. wral are lre lour 0rac|e sysler processes lral rusl a|Ways oe up ard rurr|rg lor lre dalaoase lo oe useao|e
Tre lour 0rac|e sysler processes lral rusl a|Ways oe up ard rurr|rg lor lre dalaoase lo oe useao|e |rc|ude 08wR (0alaoase
wr|ler), L0wR (Log wr|ler), 3V0N (3ysler Vor|lor), ard PV0N (Process Vor|lor).
81. wral are dalaoase l||es, corlro| l||es ard |og l||es. loW rary ol lrese l||es srou|d a dalaoase rave al |easl? wry?
0alaoase F||es
Tre dalaoase l||es ro|d lre aclua| dala ard are lyp|ca||y lre |argesl |r s|ze. 0eperd|rg or lre|r s|zes, lre lao|es (ard olrer
oojecls) lor a|| lre user accourls car go |r ore dalaoase l||eoul lral's rol ar |dea| s|lual|or oecause |l does rol ra|e lre
dalaoase slruclure very l|ex|o|e lor corlro|||rg access lo slorage lor d|llererl users, pull|rg lre dalaoase or d|llererl d|s| dr|ves,
or oac||rg up ard reslor|rg jusl parl ol lre dalaoase.
You rusl rave al |easl ore dalaoase l||e oul usua||y, rore lrar ore l||es are used. lr lerrs ol access|rg ard us|rg lre dala |r
lre lao|es ard olrer oojecls, lre ruroer (or |ocal|or) ol lre l||es |s |rraler|a|.
Tre dalaoase l||es are l|xed |r s|ze ard rever groW o|gger lrar lre s|ze al Wr|cr lrey Were crealed
Corlro| F||es
Tre corlro| l||es ard redo |ogs supporl lre resl ol lre arcr|leclure. Ary dalaoase rusl rave al |easl ore corlro| l||e, a|lrougr you
lyp|ca||y rave rore lrar ore lo guard aga|rsl |oss. Tre corlro| l||e records lre rare ol lre dalaoase, lre dale ard l|re |l Was
crealed, lre |ocal|or ol lre dalaoase ard redo |ogs, ard lre syrcrror|zal|or |rlorral|or lo ersure lral a|| lrree sels ol l||es are
a|Ways |r slep. Every l|re you add a reW dalaoase or redo |og l||e lo lre dalaoase, lre |rlorral|or |s recorded |r lre corlro|
l||es.
Redo Logs
Ary dalaoase rusl rave al |easl lWo redo |ogs. Trese are lre jourra|s lor lre dalaoase; lre redo |ogs record a|| crarges lo lre
user oojecls or sysler oojecls. ll ary lype ol la||ure occurs, lre crarges recorded |r lre redo |ogs car oe used lo or|rg lre
dalaoase lo a cors|slerl slale W|lroul |os|rg ary corr|lled lrarsacl|ors. lr lre case ol ror-dala |oss la||ure, 0rac|e car app|y
lre |rlorral|or |r lre redo |ogs auloral|ca||y W|lroul |rlerverl|or lror lre 08A.
Tre redo |og l||es are l|xed |r s|ze ard rever groW dyrar|ca||y lror lre s|ze al Wr|cr lrey Were crealed.
82. wral |s R0wl0?
Tre R0wl0 |s a ur|que dalaoase-W|de prys|ca| address lor every roW or every lao|e. 0rce ass|gred (Wrer lre roW |s l|rsl
|rserled |rlo lre dalaoase), |l rever crarges url|| lre roW |s de|eled or lre lao|e |s dropped.
Tre R0wl0 cors|sls ol lre lo||oW|rg lrree corporerls, lre coro|ral|or ol Wr|cr ur|que|y |derl|l|es lre prys|ca| slorage
|ocal|or ol lre roW.
0 0rac|e dalaoase l||e ruroer, Wr|cr corla|rs lre o|oc| W|lr lre roWs
0 0rac|e o|oc| address, Wr|cr corla|rs lre roW
0 Tre roW W|lr|r lre o|oc| (oecause eacr o|oc| car ro|d rary roWs)
Tre R0wl0 |s used |rlerra||y |r |rdexes as a qu|c| rears ol relr|ev|rg roWs W|lr a parl|cu|ar |ey va|ue. App||cal|or deve|opers
a|so use |l |r 30L slalererls as a qu|c| Way lo access a roW orce lrey |roW lre R0wl0
83. wral |s 0rac|e 8|oc|? Car lWo 0rac|e 8|oc|s rave lre sare address?
0rac|e lorrals lre dalaoase l||es |rlo a ruroer ol 0rac|e o|oc|s Wrer lrey are l|rsl crealedra||rg |l eas|er lor lre R08V3
sollWare lo rarage lre l||es ard eas|er lo read dala |rlo lre rerory areas.
Tre o|oc| s|ze srou|d oe a ru|l|p|e ol lre operal|rg sysler o|oc| s|ze. Regard|ess ol lre o|oc| s|ze, lre erl|re o|oc| |s rol
ava||ao|e lor ro|d|rg dala; 0rac|e la|es up sore space lo rarage lre corlerls ol lre o|oc|. Tr|s o|oc| reader ras a r|r|rur
s|ze, oul |l car groW.
Trese 0rac|e o|oc|s are lre sra||esl ur|l ol slorage. lrcreas|rg lre 0rac|e o|oc| s|ze car |rprove perlorrarce, oul |l srou|d oe
dore or|y Wrer lre dalaoase |s l|rsl crealed.
Eacr 0rac|e o|oc| |s ruroered sequerl|a||y lor eacr dalaoase l||e slarl|rg al 1. TWo o|oc|s car rave lre sare o|oc| address |l
lrey are |r d|llererl dalaoase l||es.
81. wral |s dalaoase Tr|gger?
A dalaoase lr|gger |s a PL/30L o|oc| lral car del|red lo auloral|ca||y execule lor |rserl, updale, ard de|ele slalererls aga|rsl
a lao|e. Tre lr|gger car e del|red lo execule orce lor lre erl|re slalererl or orce lor every roW lral |s |rserled, updaled, or
de|eled. For ary ore lao|e, lrere are lWe|ve everls lor Wr|cr you car del|re dalaoase lr|ggers. A dalaoase lr|gger car ca||
dalaoase procedures lral are a|so Wr|ller |r PL/30L.
85. Nare lWo ul|||l|es lral 0rac|e prov|des, Wr|cr are use lor oac|up ard recovery.
A|org W|lr lre R08V3 sollWare, 0rac|e prov|des lWo ul|||l|es lral you car use lo oac| up ard reslore lre dalaoase. Trese
ul|||l|es are Exporl ard lrporl.
Tre Exporl ul|||ly durps lre del|r|l|ors ard dala lor lre spec|l|ed parl ol
lre dalaoase lo ar operal|rg sysler o|rary l||e. Tre lrporl ul|||ly reads lre l||e produced oy ar exporl, recreales lre del|r|l|ors
ol oojecls, ard |rserls lre dala
ll Exporl ard lrporl are used as a rears ol oac||rg up ard recover|rg lre dalaoase, a|| lre crarges rade lo lre dalaoase
carrol oe recovered s|rce lre exporl Was perlorred. Tre oesl you car do |s recover lre dalaoase lo lre l|re Wrer lre exporl
Was |asl perlorred.

0rac|e 0A 0uest|ons
1. 3NAP3l0T |s used lor [08A|
a. 3yroryr, o. Tao|e space, c 3ysler server, d 0yrar|c dala rep||cal|or
2. Ars : 0
3. we car creale 3NAP3l0TL00 lor[08A|
a. 3|rp|e srapsrols, o. Corp|ex srapsrols, c. 8olr A & 8, d Ne|lrer A ror 8
1. Ars : A
5. Trarsacl|ors per ro||oac| segrerl |s der|ved lror[08A|
a. 0o_8|oc|_8ullers, o. Processes, c. 3rared_Poo|_3|ze, d. Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
. EN0uEuE resources parareler |rlorral|or |s der|ved lror[08A|
a. Processes or 00L_L0CK3 ard 0VL_L0CK3, o. L00_8uFFER, c. 08__8L0CK_3lZE..
Ars : A
Z. L0wR process Wr|les |rlorral|or |rlo
a 0alaoase l||es, o Corlro| l||es, c Redo|og l||es, d A|| lre aoove. Ars : C
8. 3ET TRAN3ACTl0N u3E R0LL8ACK 3E0VENT |s used lo creale user oojecls |r a parl|cu|ar Tao|espace
a True, o Fa|se Ars : Fa|se
9. 0alaoases overa|| slruclure |s ra|rla|red |r a l||e ca||ed
a Redo|og l||e, o 0ala l||e, c Corlro| l||e, d A|| ol lre aoove.
Ars : C
10. Trese lo||oW|rg pararelers are opl|ora| |r |r|l.ora parareler l||e 08_8L0CK_3lZE, PR0CE33E3
a True, o Fa|se Ars : Fa|se
11. Corslra|rls carrol oe exporled lrrougr EXP0RT corrard
a True, o Fa|se Ars : Fa|se
12. ll |s very d|ll|cu|l lo grarl ard rarage corror pr|v||eges reeded oy d|llererl groups ol dalaoase users us|rg lre ro|es
a True, o Fa|se Ars : Fa|se
13. wral |s d|llererce oelWeer a 0lAL00 wlN00w ard a 00CuVENT wlN00w regard|rg rov|rg lre W|rdoW W|lr respecl
lo lre app||cal|or W|rdoW
a 8olr W|rdoWs oerave lre sare Way as lar as rov|rg lre W|rdoW |s corcerred.
o A docurerl W|rdoW car oe roved ouls|de lre app||cal|or W|rdoW Wr||e a d|a|og W|rdoW carrol oe roved
c A d|a|og W|rdoW car oe roved ouls|de lre app||cal|or W|rdoW Wr||e a docurerl W|rdoW carrol oe roved
Ars : C
11. wral |s lre d|llererce oelWeer a VE33A0E80X ard ar ALERT
1. A ressageoox car oe used or|y oy lre sysler ard carrol oe used |r user app||cal|orWr||e ar a|erl car oe used |r
user app||cal|or a|so.
2. A a|erl car oe used or|y oy lre sysler ard carrol oe use d|r user app||cal|or Wr||e ar ressageoox car oe used |r
user app||cal|or a|so.
3. Ar a|erl requ|res ar resporse lror lre userWr||e a ressageoox jusl l|asres a ressage
ard or|y requ|res ar ac|roW|edrerl lror lre user
1. Ar ressage oox requ|res ar resporse lror lre userWr||e a a|erl jusl l|asres a ressage ar or|y
requ|res ar ac|roW|edrerl lror lre user Ars : C
1. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol ar reasor lor lre lacl lral rosl ol lre process|rg |s dore al lre server ?
a To reduce relWor| lrall|c. o For app||cal|or srar|rg, c To |rp|ererl ous|ress ru|es cerlra||y,
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
2. Car a 0lAL00 wlN00w rave scro|| oar allacred lo |l ?
a Yes, o No Ars : 8
3. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol ar advarlage ol 0ul syslers ?
a. lrlu|l|ve ard easy lo use., o. 0ul's car d|sp|ay ru|l|p|e app||cal|ors |r ru|l|p|e W|rdoWs
c. 0ul's prov|de rore user |rlerlace oojecls lor a deve|oper d. Nore ol lre aoove
Ars
1. wral |s lre d|llererce oelWeer a Ll3T 80X ard a C0V80 80X ?
a lr lre ||sl oox, lre user |s reslr|cled lo se|ecl|rg a va|ue lror a ||sl oul |r a coroo oox lre usercar lype |r va|ue Wr|cr |s
rol |r lre ||sl
o A ||sl oox |s a dala erlry area Wr||e a coroo oox car oe used or|y lor corlro| purposes
c lr a coroo oox, lre user |s reslr|cled lo se|ecl|rg a va|ue lror a ||sl oul |r a ||sl oox lre
user car lype |r a va|ue Wr|cr |s rol |r lre ||sl
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
5. lr a CLlENT/3ERvER erv|rorrerl , Wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg Wou|d rol oe dore al lre c||erl ?
a user |rlerlace parl, o 0ala va||dal|or al erlry ||re, c Respord|rg lo user everls,
d Nore ol lre aoove Ars : 0
. wry |s |l oeller lo use ar lNTE0RlTY C0N3TRAlNT lo va||dale dala |r a lao|e lrar lo use a 3T0RE0
PR0CE0uRE ?
a 8ecause ar |rlegr|ly corslra|rl |s auloral|ca||y crec|ed Wr||e dala |s |rserled |rlo or updaled |r a lao|e Wr||e a
slored procedure ras lo oe spec|l|ca||y |rvo|ed
o 8ecause lre slored procedure occup|es rore space |r lre dalaoase lrar a |rlegr|ly corslra|rl del|r|l|or
c 8ecause a slored procedure creales rore relWor| lrall|c lrar a |rlegr|ly corslra|rl del|r|l|or
Ars : A
Z. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol ar advarlage ol a c||erl/server rode| ?
a. A c||erl/server rode| a||oWs cerlra||sed corlro| ol dala ard cerlra||sed |rp|ererlal|or ol ous|ress ru|es.
o A c||erl/server rode| |rcreases deve|oper;s producl|v|ly
c A c||erl/server rode| |s su|lao|e lor a|| app||cal|ors
d Nore ol lre aoove.
Ars : C
8. wral does 0LL slards lor ?
a 0yrar|c Larguage L|orary
o 0yrar|c L|r| L|orary
c 0yrar|c Load L|orary
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
9. P03T-8L0CK lr|gger |s a
a Nav|gal|ora| lr|gger
o Key lr|gger
c Trarsacl|ora| lr|gger
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
10. Tre sysler var|ao|e lral records lre se|ecl slalererl lral 30L F0RV3 rosl recerl|y used
lo popu|ale a o|oc| |s
a 3Y3TEV.LA3T_REC0R0
o 3Y3TEV.CuR30R_REC0R0
c 3Y3TEV.CuR30R_FlEL0
d 3Y3TEV.LA3T_0uERY
Ars: 0
11. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s TRuE lor lre ENF0RCE KEY l|e|d
a ENF0RCE KEY l|e|d craraclersl|c |rd|cales lre source ol lre va|ue lral 30LF0RV3 uses lo popu|ale lre l|e|d
o A l|e|d W|lr lre ENF0RCE KEY craraclersl|c srou|d rave lre lNPuT ALL0wE0 craralersl|c lurred oll
a 0r|y 1 |s TRuE
o 0r|y 2 |s TRuE
c 8olr 1 ard 2 are TRuE
d 8olr 1 ard 2 are FAL3E
Ars : A
12. wral |s lre rax|rur s|ze ol lre page ?
a Craraclers W|de & 25 craraclers |erglr
o Craraclers W|de & 25 craraclers |erglr
c Craraclers W|de & 80 craraclers |erglr
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
13. A F0RV |s radeup ol Wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg oojecls
a o|oc|, l|e|ds or|y,
o o|oc|s, l|e|ds, pages or|y,
c o|oc|s, l|e|ds, pages, lr|ggers ard lorr |eve| procedures,
d 0r|y o|oc|s.
Ars : C
11. For lre lo||oW|rg slalererls Wr|cr |s lrue
1 Page |s ar oojecl oWred oy a lorr
2 Pages are a co||ecl|or ol d|sp|ay |rlorral|or sucr as corslarl lexl ard grapr|cs.
a 0r|y 1 |s TRuE
o 0r|y 2 |s TRuE
c 8olr 1 & 2 are TRuE
d 8olr are FAL3E
Ars : 8
15. Tre pac|aged procedure lral ra|es dala |r lorr perrarerl |r lre 0alaoase |s
a Posl
o Posl lorr
c Corr|l lorr
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
1. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s TRuE lor lre 3Y3TEV vARlA8LE SSdaleSS
a Car oe ass|gred lo a g|ooa| var|ao|e
o Car oe ass|gred lo ary l|e|d or|y dur|rg des|gr l|re
c Car oe ass|gred lo ary var|ao|e or l|e|d dur|rg rur l|re
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
1Z. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg pac|aged procedure |s uNRE3TRlCTE0 ?
a CALL_lNPuT, o CLEAR_8L0CK, c EXECuTE_0uERY, d u3ER_EXlT
Ars : 0
18. lderl|ly lre RE3TRlCTE0 pac|aged procedure lror lre lo||oW|rg
a u3ER_EXlT, o VE33A0E, c 8REAK, d EXlT_F0RV
Ars : 0
19. wral |s 30LF0RV3
a 30LF0RV3 |s a 10L loo| lor deve|op|rg & execul|rg 0rac|e oased |rleracl|ve app||cal|ors.
o 30LF0RV3 |s a 30L loo| lor correcl|rg lo lre 0alaoase.
c 30LF0RV3 |s a reporl|rg loo|
d Nore ol lre aoove.
Ars : A
20. Nare lre lWo l||es lral are crealed Wrer you gererale a lorr us|rg Forrs 3.0
a FV8 & FVX, o FVR & F0X, c lNP & FRV, d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
21. wral |s a lr|gger
a A p|ece ol |og|c Wr|ller |r PL/30L
o Execuled al lre arr|va| ol a 30LF0RV3 everl
c 8olr A & 8
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
22. wr|cr ol lre lo|oW|rg |s TRuE lor a ERA3E pac|aged procedure
1 ERA3E reroves ar |rd|caled 0|ooa| var|ao|e & re|eases lre rerory assoc|aled W|lr |l
2 ERA3E |s used lo rerove a l|e|d lror a page
1 0r|y 1 |s TRuE
2 0r|y 2 |s TRuE
3 8olr 1 & 2 are TRuE
1 8olr 1 & 2 are FAL3E
Ars : 1
23. A|| dalal||es re|aled lo a Tao|espace are reroved Wrer lre Tao|espace |s dropped
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
21. 3|ze ol Tao|espace car oe |rcreased oy
a lrcreas|rg lre s|ze ol ore ol lre 0alal||es
o Add|rg ore or rore 0alal||es
c Carrol oe |rcreased
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
25. Vu|l|p|e Tao|espaces car srare a s|rg|e dalal||e
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
2. A sel ol 0|cl|orary lao|es are crealed
a 0rce lor lre Erl|re 0alaoase
o Every l|re a user |s crealed
c Every l|re a Tao|espace |s crealed
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
2Z. 0alad|cl|orary car spar across ru|l|p|e Tao|espaces
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
28. wral |s a 0ATA8L0CK
a 3el ol Exlerls
o 3el ol 3egrerls
c 3ra||esl 0alaoase slorage ur|l
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
29. Car ar lrlegr|ly Corslra|rl oe erlorced or a lao|e |l sore ex|sl|rg lao|e dala does rol sal|sly lre corslra|rl
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
30. A co|urr del|red as PRlVARY KEY car rave NuLL's
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
31. A Trarsacl|or erds
a 0r|y Wrer |l |s Corr|lled
o 0r|y Wrer |l |s Ro||edoac|
c wrer |l |s Corr|lled or Ro||edoac|
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
32. A 0alaoase Procedure |s slored |r lre 0alaoase
a lr corp||ed lorr
o As source code
c 8olr A & 8
d Nol slored
Ars : C
33. A dalaoase lr|gger doesrol app|y lo dala |oaded oelore lre del|r|l|or ol lre lr|gger
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : A
31. 0ed|caled server corl|gural|or |s
a 0re server process - Vary user processes
o Vary server processes - 0re user process
c 0re server process - 0re user process
d Vary server processes - Vary user processes
Ars : C
35. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg does rol allecl lre s|ze ol lre 30A
a 0alaoase ouller
o Redo|og ouller
c 3lored procedure
d 3rared poo|
Ars : C
3. wral does a C0VVlT slalererl do lo a CuR30R
a 0per lre Cursor
o Felcr lre Cursor
c C|ose lre Cursor
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
3Z. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s TRuE
1 losl var|ao|es are dec|ared aryWrere |r lre prograr
2 losl var|ao|es are dec|ared |r lre 0ECLARE secl|or
a 0r|y 1 |s TRuE
o 0r|y 2 |s TRuE
c 8olr 1 & 2are TRuE
d 8olr are FAL3E
Ars : 8
38. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s N0T vALl0 |s PL/30L
a 8oo| ooo|ear;
o NuV1, NuV2 ruroer;
c deplrare depl.drarelype;
d dale1 dale := sysdale
Ars : 8
39. 0ec|are
lvar ruroer := ru||; svar ruroer := 5
8eg|r
golo << lproc>>
|l lvar |s ru|| lrer
<< lproc>>
svar := svar 5
erd |l;
Erd;
wral W||| oe lre va|ue ol svar aller lre execul|or ?
a Error
o 10
c 5
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
10. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul ar Excepl|or ?
a Ra|sed auloral|ca||y / Exp||c|l|y |r resporse lo ar 0RACLE_ERR0R
o Ar excepl|or W||| oe ra|sed Wrer ar error occurs |r lral o|oc|
c Process lerr|rales aller corp|el|or ol error sequerce.
d A Procedure or 3equerce ol slalererls ray oe processed.
Ars : C
11. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul user_0el|red Excepl|ors ?
a Vusl oe dec|ared
o Vusl oe ra|sed exp||c|l|y
c Ra|sed auloral|ca||y |r resporse lo ar 0rac|e error
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
12. A 3lored Procedure |s a
a 3equerce ol 30L or PL/30L slalererls lo perlorr spec|l|c lurcl|or
o 3lored |r corp||ed lorr |r lre dalaoase
c Car oe ca||ed lror a|| c||erl erv|rorrels
d A|| ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
13. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg slalererl |s la|se
a Ary procedure car ra|se ar error ard relurr ar user ressage ard error ruroer
o Error ruroer rarg|rg lror 20000 lo 20999 are reserved lor user del|red ressages
c 0rac|e crec|s ur|queress ol user del|red errors
d Ra|se_App||cal|or_error |s used lor ra|s|rg ar user del|red error.
Ars : C
11. ls |l poss|o|e lo oper a cursor Wr|cr |s |r a Pac|age |r arolrer procedure ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
15. ls |l poss|o|e lo use Trarsacl|ora| corlro| slalererls |r 0alaoase Tr|ggers?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
1. ls |l poss|o|e lo Erao|e or 0|sao|e a 0alaoase lr|gger ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
1Z. PL/30L supporls dalalype(s)
a 3ca|ar dalalype
o Corpos|le dalalype
c A|| ol lre aoove
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars C
18. F|rd lre 000 dalalype oul
a vARClAR2
o REC0R0
c 800LEAN
d RAw
Ars : 8
19. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul lre TA8LE dalalype ?
a Car corla|r ary ro ol co|urrs
o 3|ru|ales a 0re-d|rers|ora| array ol ur||r|led s|ze
c Co|urr dalalype ol ary 3ca|ar lype
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
50. F|rd lre 000 ore oul ol lre lo||oW|rg
a 0PEN
o CL03E
c lN3ERT
d FETCl
Ars C
51. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul Cursor ?
a Cursor |s a rared Pr|vale 30L area
o Cursor ro|ds lerporary resu|ls
c Cursor |s used lor relr|ev|rg ru|l|p|e roWs
d 30L uses |rp||c|l Cursors lo relr|eve roWs
Ars : 8
52. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s N0T vALl0 |r PL/30L ?
a 3e|ecl . |rlo
o updale
c Creale
d 0e|ele
Ars : C
53. wral |s lre Resu|l ol lre lo||oW|rg 'vlK'jjNuLLjj'RAV' ?
a Error
o vlK RAV
c vlKRAV
d NuLL
Ars : C
51. 0ec|are
a ruroer := 5; o ruroer := ru||; c ruroer := 10;
8eg|r
|l a > o AN0 a < c lrer
a := c a;
erd |l;
Erd;
wral W||| oe lre va|ue ol 'a' aller execul|or ?
a 50
o NuLL
c 5
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
55. 0oes lre 0alaoase lr|gger W||| l|re Wrer lre lao|e |s TRuNCATE0 ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
5. 3u83TR(30uARE AN3 ALwAY3 w0RK lAR0,11,) W||| relurr
a ALwAY
o 3 ALwA
c ALwAY3
Ars : C
5Z. REPLACE('JACK AN0 JuE','J','8L') W||| relurr
a JACK AN0 8LuE
o 8LACK AN0 JACK
c 8LACK AN0 8LuE
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
58. TRAN3LATE('333300231','012315Z89A8C0P0R3T','012315Z89') W||| relurr
a 333231
o 333333
c 231333
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
59. EVPN0 ENAVE 3AL
A822 RAVA3wAVY 3500
A812 NARAYAN 5000
A9Z3 uVE3l 2850
A500 8ALAJl 5Z50
use lrese dala lor lre lo||oW|rg 0uesl|ors
3e|ecl 3AL lror EVP E1 Wrere 3 > ( 3e|ecl courl() lror Erp E2 Wrere E1.3AL > E2.3AL ) W||| relr|eve
a 3500,5000,2500
o 5000,2850
c 2850,5Z50
d 5000,5Z50
Ars : A
0. ls |l poss|o|e lo rod|ly a 0alalype ol a co|urr Wrer co|urr corla|rs dala ?
a Yes
o No
Ars 8
1. wr|cr ol lre lo||oW|rg |s rol correcl aooul a v|eW ?
a To prolecl sore ol lre co|urrs ol a lao|e lror olrer users
o 0cuup|es dala slorage space
c To r|de corp|ex|ly ol a query
d To r|de corp|ex|ly ol a ca|cu|al|ors
Ars : 8
2. wr|cr |s rol parl ol lre 0ala 0el|r|lor Larguage ?
a CREATE
o ALTER
c ALTER 3E33l0N
Ars : C
3. Tre 0ala Var|pu|al|or Larguage slalererls are
a lN3ERT
o uP0ATE
c 3ELECT
d A|| ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
1. EVPN0 ENAVE 3AL
A822 RAVA3wAVY 3500
A812 NARAYAN 5000
A9Z3 uVE3l
A500 8ALAJl 5Z50
us|rg lre aoove dala
3e|ecl courl(sa|) lror Erp W||| relr|eve
a 1
o 0
c 3
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
5. ll ar uNl0uE KEY corslra|rl or 0ATE co|urr |s crealed, W||| |l accepl lre roWs lral are |rserled W|lr
3Y30ATE ?
a w|||
o wor'l
Ars : 8
. wral are lre d|llererl everls |r Tr|ggers ?
a 0el|re, Creale
o 0rop, Correrl
c lrserl, updale, 0e|ele
d A|| ol lre aoove
Ars : C
Z. wral ou||l-|r suoprograr |s used lo rar|pu|ale |rages |r |rage |lers ?
a Zoor_oul
o Zoor_|r'
c lrage_zoor
d Zoor_|rage
Ars : C
8. Car We pass REC0R0 0R0uP oelWeer F0RV3 ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
9. 3l0w_ALERT lurcl|or relurrs
a 8oo|ear
o Nuroer
c Craracler
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
Z0. wral 3Y3TEV vARlA8LE |s used lo reler 0ATA8A3E TlVE ?
a SSdol|reSS
o SSl|reSS
c SSdalel|reSS
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
Z1. 3Y3TEV.EFFECTlvE.0ATE vara|o|e |s
a Read or|y
o Read & wr|le
c wr|le or|y
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
Z2. loW car you CALL Reporls lror Forrs1.0 ?
a Rur_Reporl ou||l_|r
o Ca||_Reporl ou||l_|r
c Rur_Producl ou||l_|r
d Ca||_Producl ou||l_|r
Ars : C
Z3. wrer do you gel a .PLL exlers|or ?
a 3ave L|orary l||e
o 0ererale L|orary l||e
c Rur L|orary l||e
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
Z1. wral |s ou||l_|r 3uoprograr ?
a 3lored procedure & Furcl|or
o Co||ecl|or ol 3uoprograr
c Co||ecl|or ol Pac|ages
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
Z5. 0ET_8L0CK properly |s a
a Reslr|cled procedure
o urreslr|cled procedure
c L|orary lurcl|or
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
Z. A C0NTR0L 8L0CK car sorel|res reler lo a 8A3ETA8LE ?
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
ZZ. wral do you rear oy ClECK 80X ?
a TWo slale corlro|
o 0re slale corlro|
c Trree slale corlro|
d rore ol lre aoove
Ars : C - P|ease crec| lre Correcress ol lr|s ArsWer ( Tre correcl arsWer|s 2 )
Z8. L|sl ol va|ues (L0v) supporls
a 3|rg|e co|urr
o Vu|l| co|urr
c 3|rg|e or Vu|l| co|urr
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
Z9. wral |s L|orary |r Forrs 1.0 ?
a Co||ecl|or ol Exlerra| l|e|d
o Co||ecl|or ol ou||l_|r pac|ages
c Co||ecl|or ol PL/30| lurcl|ors, procedures ard pac|ages
d Co||ecl|or ol PL/30L procedures & lr|ggers
Ars : C
80. Car We use a RE3TRlCTE0 pac|aged procedure |r wlEN_TEXT_lTEV lr|gger ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
81. Car We use 00_8L0CK pac|age |r a PRE_TEXT_lTEV lr|gger ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
82. wral lype ol l||e |s used lor porl|rg Forrs 1.5 app||cal|ors lo var|ous p|allorrs ?
a . FV8 l||e
o . FVX l||e
c . FVT l||e
d . EXE l||e
Ars : C
83. wral ou||l_|r procedure |s used lo gel lVA0E3 |r Forrs 1.5 ?
a REA0_lVA0E_FlLE
o 0ET_lVA0E_FlLE
c REA0_FlLE
d 0ET_FlLE
Ars A
81. wrer a lorr |s |rvo|ed W|lr CALL_F0RV does 0rac|e lorrs |ssues 3AvEP0lNT ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
85. Car We allacr lre sare L0v lo d|llererl l|e|ds |r 0es|gr l|re ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
8. loW do you pass va|ues lror ore lorr lo arolrer lorr ?
a L0v
o Pararelers
c Loca| var|ao|es
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
8Z. Car you copy lre PR00RAV uNlT |rlo ar 0ojecl group ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
100. Car VuLTlPLE 00CuVENT lNTERFACE (V0l) oe used |r Forrs 1.5 ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
88. Car VuLTlPLE 00CuVENT lNTERFACE (V0l) oe used |r Forrs 1.5 ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
89. wrer |s a .FV8 l||e exlers|or |s crealed |r Forrs 1.5 ?
a 0ereral|rg lorr
o Execul|rg lorr
c 3ave lorr
d Rur lorr
Ars : C
90. wral |s a 8u||l_|r suoprograr ?
a L|orary
o 3lored procedure & Furcl|or
c Co||ecl|or ol 3uoprogrars
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
91. wral |s a RA0l0 0R0uP ?
a Vulua||y exc|us|ve
o 3e|ecl rore lrar ore co|urr
c Aoove a|| TRuE
d Aoove a|| FAL3E
Ars : A
92. lderl|ly lre 0dd ore ol lre lo||oW|rg slalererls ?
a Pop||sl
o T||sl
c L|sl ol va|ues
d Coroo oox
Ars : C
93. wral |s ar ALERT ?
a Vode|ess W|rdoW
o Voda| W|rdoW
c 8olr are TRuE
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 8
91. Car ar A|erl ressage oe crarged al rurl|re ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
95. Car We creale ar L0v W|lroul ar REC0R0 0R0uP ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
9. loW rary ro ol co|urrs car a REC0R0 0R0uP rave ?
a 10
o 20
c 50
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars 0
9Z. 0rac|e precorp||er lrars|ales lre EV8E00E0 30L slalerers |rlo
a 0rac|e F0RV3
o 0rac|e REP0RT3
c 0rac|e Ll8RARY
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : 0
98. K|rd ol C0VVENT slalererls p|aced W|lr|r 30L slalererls ?
a Asler|s|() |r co|urr ?
o AN3l 30L sly|e slalererls(.)
c C-3ly|e correrls (/../)
d A|| lre aoove
Ars : 0
99. wral |s TERV ?
a TERV |s lre lerr|ra| del|r|l|or l||e lral descr|oes lre lerr|ra| lror Wr|cr you are us|rg R20RuN
( Reporls rur l|re )
o TERV |s lre lerr|ra| del|r|l|or l||e lral descr|oes lre lerr|ra| lror Wr|cr you are us|rg R200E3
( Reporls des|grer )
c Trere |s ro Parareler ca||ed TERV |r Reporls 2.0
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
100. ll lre rax|rur records relr|eved properly ol a query |s sel lo 10, lrer a surrary va|ue W|||
oe ca|cu|aled
a 0r|y lor 10 records
o For a|| lre records relr|eved
c For a|| lrerecords |r lre relererced lao|e
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
101. w|lr Wr|cr lurcl|or ol a surrary |ler |r lre C0VPuTE AT opl|o requ|red ?
a 3ur
o 3lardard dev|al|or
c var|arce
d ol Tola| lurcl|or
Ars : 0
102. For a l|e|d |r a repeal|rg lrare, car lre source core lror a co|urr Wr|cr does rol ex|sl |r
lre dalagroup Wr|cr lorrs lre oase ol lre lrare ?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
103. wral are lre d|llererl l||e exlers|ors lral are crealed oy 0rac|e Reporls ?
a . R0F l||e & .RPX l||e
o . R0X l||e & .R0F l||e
c . REP l||e & .R0F l||e
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
101. ls |l poss|o|e lo 0|sao|e lre Parareler lorr Wr||e rurr|rg lre reporl?
a Yes
o No
Ars : A
105. wral are lre 30L c|auses supporled |r lre ||r| properly sreel ?
a wlERE & 3TART wlTl
o wlERE & lAvlN0
c 3TART wlTl & lAvlN0
d wlERE, 3TART wlTl & lAvlN0
Ars : 0
10. wral are lre lypes ol Ca|cu|aled co|urrs ava||ao|e ?
a 3urrary, P|ace ro|der & Procedure co|urr
o 3urrary, Procedure & Forru|a co|urrs
c Procedure, Forru|a & P|ace ro|der co|urrs
d 3urrary, Forru|a & P|ace ro|der co|urrs
Ars.: 0
10Z. ll lWo groups are rol ||r|ed |r lre dala rode| ed|lor, Wral |s lre r|erarcry oelWeer lrer?
a Trere |s ro r|erarcry oelWeer ur||r|ed groups
o Tre group lral |s r|grl rar|s r|grer lrar lre group lral |s lo lre|ell
c Tre group lral |s aoove or |ellrosl rar|s r|grer lrar lre group lral |s lo r|grl or oe|oW |l
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : C
108. 3equerce ol everls la|es p|ace Wr||e slarl|rg a 0alaoase |s
a 0alaoase opered, F||e rourled, lrslarce slarled
o lrslarce slarled, 0alaoase rourled & 0alaoase opered
c 0alaoase opered, lrslarce slarled & l||e rourled
d F||es rourled, lrslarce slarled & 0alaoase opered
Ars : 8
109. 3Y3TEV TA8LE3PACE car oe rade oll-||re
a Yes
o No
Ars : 8
110. EN0uEuE_RE30uRCE3 parareler |rlorral|or |s der|ved lror
a PR0CE33 or 00L_L0CK3 & 0VL_L0CK3
o L00 8uFFER
c 08_8L0CK_3lZE
d 08_8L0CK_8uFFER3
Ars : A
111. 3V0N process |s used lo Wr|le |rlo L00 l||es
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
112. EXP corrard |s used
a To la|e 8ac|up ol lre 0rac|e 0alaoase
o To |rporl dala lror lre exporled durp l||e
c To creale Ro||oac| segrerls
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A
113. 3NAP3l0T3 carrol oe relresred auloral|ca||y
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
111. Tre user car sel Arcr|ve l||e rare lorrals
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : A
115. Tre lo||oW|rg pararelers are opl|ora| |r |r|l.ora parareler l||e 08_8L0CK_3lZE, PR0CE33
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
11. N0ARCllEvEL00 parareler |s used lo erao|e lre dalaoase |r Arcr|eve rode
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
11Z. Corslra|rls carrol oe exporled lrrougr Exporl corrard?
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
118. ll |s very d|ll|cu|l lo grarl ard rarage corror pr|ve|eges reeded oy
d|llererl groups ol dalaoase users us|rg ro|es
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : 8
119. Tre slalus ol lre Ro||oac| segrerl car oe v|eWed lrrougr
a 08A_3E0VENT3
o 08A_R0LE3
c 08A_FREE_3PACE3
d 08A_R0LL8ACK_3E0
Ars : 0
120. Exp||c|l|y We car ass|gr lrarsacl|or lo a ro||oac| segrerl
a TRuE
o FAL3E
Ars : A
121. wral l||e |s read oy 008C lo |oad dr|vers ?
a 008C.lNl
o 008C.0LL
c 008C0Rv.lNl
d Nore ol lre aoove
Ars : A

Explain the difference between a database administrator and a data administrator

Database Administrator : A person (or group of people) responsible for the maintenance and
performance of a database and responsible for the planning, implementation, configuration, and
administration of relational database management systems.

Data Administrator : The individual or organization responsible for the specification, acquisition,
and maintenance of data management software and the design, validation, and security of files
or databases. The DA is in charge of the data dictionary and data model.

Explain the difference between an explicit and an implicit lock

Explicit Lock : Lock is explicitly requested for a record or table.
!mplicit Lock : Lock is implied but is not acquired

What is lock granularity?

There are many locks available for the database system to have like
!ntent Shared, Shared, !ntent exclusive, exclusive and Shared !ntent exclusive.
Locking granularity refers to the size and hence the number of locks used to ensure the
consistency of a database during multiple concurrent updates.

4 !n general, how should the boundaries of a transaction be defined?

A transaction ensures that one or more operations execute as an atomic unit of work. !f one of
the operations within a transaction fails, then all of them are rolledback so that the application is
returned to its prior state. The boundaries that define a group of operations done within a single
transaction.

S Explain the meaning of the expression AC!D transaction

AC!D means Atomic, Consistency, !solation, Durability, so when any transaction happen it should
be Atomic that is it should either be complete or fully incomplete. There should not be anything
like Semi complete. The Database State should remain consistent after the completion of the
transaction. !f there are more than one Transaction then the transaction should be scheduled in
such a fashion that they remain in !solation of one another.Durability means that Once a
transaction commits, its effects will persist even if there are system failures.

Explain the necessity of defining processing rights and responsibilities How are
such responsibilities enforced?

One of the reason to define rights is the security in the database system. !f any user is allowed to
define the data or alter the data then the database would just be of no use and so processing
rights and responsibilities are clearly defined in any database system. The resposibilities are
enforced using the table space provided by the database system.

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of DBNSprovided and application
provided security

DBNS provided security : Any database system requires you to login and then process the data
depending on the rights given by the DBA to the user who has logged in. The advatage of such a
system is securing the data and providing the user and the DBA the secured platform. Any user
who logs in cannot do whatever he want but his role can be defined very easily. There is no
major disadvantage about the DBNS provided security apart from overhead of storing the rights
and priviledges about the users.

Applicationprovided security : !t is much similar to the DBNS provided security but the only
difference is that its the duty of the programmer creating the application to provide all the
seurities so that the data is not mishandled.

8 Explain how a database could be recovered via reprocessing Why is this generally
not feasible?

!f we reprocess the transaction then the database can be made to come to a state where the
database is consistent and so reprocessing the log can recover the database. Reprocessing is not
very feasible for a very simple reason that its very costly from time point of view and requires
lots of rework and many transaction are even rollback giving more and more rework.

3 Define rollback and roll forward

Rollback : Undoing the changes made by a transaction before it commits or to cancel any
changes to a database made during the current transaction
RollForward : Redoing the changes made by a transaction after it commits or to overwrite the
chnaged calue again to ensure consistency

Why is it important to write to the log before changing the database values?

The most important objective to write the log before the database is changed is if there is any
need to rollback or rollforward any transaction then if the log are not present then the rollback
rollforward cannot be done accurately.

1. The _____ states that a foreign key must either match a primary key vaIue in another reIation or
it must be nuII.
(a) entity integrity rule
(b) referential integrity constraint
(c) action assertion
(d) composite attribute
(e) None of these
. An appIet __________
(a) is an interpreted program that runs on the client
(b) tracks the number of visitors to a Website
(c) is a compiled program that usually runs on the client
(d) collects data from visitors to a Website
(e) None of these
3. A _____ sometimes caIIed a boot sector virus, executes when a computer boots up because it
resides in the boot sector of a fIoppy disk or the master boot record of a hard disk.
(a) system virus
(b) Trojan horse virus
(c) file virus
(d) macro virus
(e) None of these
4. Which error detection method uses one's compIement arithmetic?
(a) Simply parity check
(b) Checksum
(c) Two-dimensional parity check
(d) CRC
(e) None of these
5. A resuIt of a computer virus can not Iead to ___.
(a) Disk Crash
(b) Mother Board Crash
(c) Corruption of program
(d) Deletion of files
(e) None of these
6. The network interface card of LAN is reIated to foIIowing Iayer of OSI ModeI-
(a) Transport
(b) Network
(c) Data Link
(d) Physical
(e) All of these
7. Which of the foIIowing does not describe a data warehouse?
(a) Subject-oriented
(b) ntegrated
(c) Time-variant
(d) Updateable
(e) None of these
. Which of the foIIowing is true ?
(a) Logical design is software-dependent
(b) n a distributed database, database is stored in one physical location
(c) Conceptual design translates the logical design into internal model
(d) Logical design is software independent
(e) None of these
9. A range check _____
(a) ensures that only the correct data type is entered into a field
(b) verifies that all required data is present
(c) determines whether a number is within a specified limit
(d) tests if the data in two or more associated fields is logical
(e) None of these
10. The totaI set of interIinked hypertext documents worIdwide is-
(a) HTTP
(b) Browser
(c) WWW
(d) B2B
(e) None of these
11. With the object-oriented (OO) approach, an object encapsuIates, or_____.a programmer.
(a) carries out, the details of an object for
(b) hides, the details of an object from
(c) reveals, the details of an object to
(d) extends, the details of an object beyond
(e) None of these
1. Every computer connected to an intranet or extranet must have a distinct_____
(a) firewall
(b) proxy server
(c) P address
(d) domain name
(e) None of these
13. A tabIe of bits in which each row represents the distinct vaIues of a key?
(a) Join index
(b) Bitmap index
(c) B + Tree
(d) Hierarchical index
(e) None of these
14. The degree of detaiI that shouId be incorporated into a database depends on what?
(a) Data integrity
(b) The type of database
(c) The user's perspective
(d) The business practices and policies
(e) None of these
15. The ___.converts digitaI signaIs to anaIog signaIs for the purpose of transmitting data over
teIephone Iines.
(a) Modem
(b) Router
(c) Gateway
(d) Bridge
(e) All of these
16. Before a package can be used in a java program it must be___.
(a) executed
(b) referenced
(c) imported
(d) declared
(e) None of these
17. Choose the correct way to indicate that a Iine in a C++ program is a comment Iine, that is, a
Iine the wiII not be executed as an instruction___.
(a) begin the line with a # sign
(b) begin the line with double slashes (/ /)
(c) begin and end the line with double hyphens (-_-)
(d) indent the line
(e) None of these
1. Programming Ianguage buiIt into user programs such as Word and ExceI are known as____
(a) 4GLs
(b) macro languages
(c) object-oriented languages
(d) visual programming languages
(e) None of these
19. FirewaIIs are used to protect against___.
(a) Unauthorized Attacks
(b) Virus Attacks
(c) Data Driven Attacks
(d) Fire Attacks
(e) All of these
0. This is a standard way for a Web server to pass a Web user's request to an appIication
program and to receive data back to forward to the user-
(a) nterrupt request
(b) Forward DNS lookup
(c) Data-Link layer
(d) File Transfer Protocol
(e) Common gateway interface
1. Three SQL, DDL, CREATE commands are__.
(a) Schema, Base and Table
(b) Base, Table and Schema
(c) Key, Base and Table
(d) Schema, Table and View
(e) None of these
. Data are ________ in cIient/server computing.
(a) never sent to the client machine
(b) sent in very large sections to save processing time
(c) sent only upon the client's request
(d) sent in complete copies for the client to filter and sort
(e) sent from the client to the server for processing
3. Which of the foIIowing wiII not eIiminates the ambiguities of a nuII vaIue?
(a) Define the attribute as required
(b) Define subtypes
(c) Define each attribute as having an initial value that is recognized as blank
(d) Define supertypes
(e) None of these
4. The____directory is mandatory for every disk.
(a) Root
(b) Base
(c) Sub
(d) Case
(e) None of these
5. This is a group of servers that share work and may be abIe to back each other up if one server
faiIs.
(a) Channel bank
(b) Cluster
(c) Tiger team
(d) Serverless backup
(e) Logical unit