Organ/ Body Parts Position

Esophagus Muscular 10 tube Start at C6 (continuation of pharynx) Pass thru sup. & post. mediastinum in neck & thorax At T10, enter abdomen thru esophageal opening of diaphragm Ends at cardiac opening of stomach at T11 Presents upper & lower spinchter.

Stomach epigastric, umbilical and left hypochondriac region of the abdomen normal stomach J shaped ( capacity 1 L) most dilated of alimentary canal

Parts

Cervical (1.5) Thoracic (8) Abdominal (0.5) Constrictions - At start point (6 from incisor teeth) - Cross arch of aorta (9 from ) - Cross left principal bronchi (11) - Pierces diaphgram (15)

2 ends - cardiac , pyloric 2 curvatures lesser, greater 2 surfaces anterior, posterior Fundus gas normally collect here Body Pylorus pyloric antrum, canal, orifice *interior of stomach shows mucosal fold (ruggae)

Special features

*from lumen outwards Mucosa - Epithelia- strat. Squa. Non. Keratin. - Lamina propria - Muscularis mucosae Submucosa - Oesophageal glands - Plexus of nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics Muscularis externa - Outer longitudinal, inner circular - Upper 1/3rd skeletal. - Middle 1/3rd skeletal & smooth. Lower 1/3rd smooth muscles Fibrous layer/adventitia Areolar tissue *at cardio-esophageal junction, Strat. Squam. simple columnar Gastric gland extends to lamina propria

*from lumen outwards Mucosa - Ruggae, gastric pits (simple columnar) - Lamina propria with gastric glands and pits - Muscularis mucosa Submucosae - Loose areolar tissue, plexus of blood, nerves, lymphatic Muscularis externae (smooth muscle) - Outer longitudinal, middle circular, inner oblique - Serosa peritoneum covering *gastric gland - Neck,base region - mucus neck cells - Stem cells (mitotic) - Parietal (oxyntic ) cell ( pyramidal. Spherical nucleus, IC canaliculus, screte HCL) dll - Chief (zymogenic) cell screte pepsinogen, rER, basophilic - Enteroendocrine cells

Blood Supply

Venous/Lymphatic Drainage

Innervation

Cervical Parts - Esophageal branch from inferior thyroid artery Thoracic Parts Esophageal branch from aorta and brachial artery Abdominal Parts Esophageal branch from left gastric artery VEINS Cervical parts - Inferior thyroid veins Thoracic parts - Azygos system of veins Abdominal parts - Left gastric vein LYMPHATIC Cervical - Juguloomohyoid nodes Thoracic - Paratracheal,tracheo-brochial,& post. mediastinal nodes Abdominal - Coeliac group of nodes Sympathetic Vasomotor splanchnic branches of sympathetic trunk Parasympathetic - sensory, motor and secretomotor - vagal plexus

From celiac trunks & its branches - Left gastric ( lesser curvature) - Right gastric (pylorus) - Left gastroepiploic ( greater curvature) - Right gastroepiploic (greater curvature) - Short gastric (fundus)

VEINS portal vein splenic vein superior mesenteric vein LYMPHATIC Pancreatico-splenic nodes Left gastric nodes Right gastro epiploic nodes Hepatic lymph nodes Pyloric lymph nodes *all terminate in to coeliac group of nodes

Sympathetic - celiac plexus Parasympathetic - Anterior & Posterior vagal trunk