1

STUDIES OF BIOSORPTION HEAVY METALS IONS BY Spirogyra subsalsa sp.

BIOMASS

Mawardi 1) , Edison Munaf 2) , Soleh Kosela 3) ,

Riwandi Sihombing 3), Rahmiana Zein 2)

1) Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science,

State University Padang, Padang 25131, Indonesia
2) Laboratory of Analytical Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and
Science, Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia
3) Laboratory of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science,
Indonesia University, Depok 16424, Indonesia

 METHODS
In this research was learned about function of functional group in algae S. subsalsa
sp biomass in course of biosorption each Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cr3+ and Cr6+
cations, by treating biomass by chemical modification of carboxyl, carbonyl and
amino groups, that is methanol 99%, glycol, and mixture formaldehyde and formic
acid, influence of immobilization of biomass within polysilicate matrix to absorption
capacities. Optimation condition of regeneration column by nitrate acid, HNO3,
and recovery column and application of column to remove and preconcentration
trace element from waste waters.

RESULTS

• Treating of biomass by chemical modification, that is methanol 99%, glicol,

and mixture formaldehyde and formic acid to cause decrease in cation
sorption capacity of biomassa for Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and Cr3+ cations.
• The exemption for Cu2+, which the biomass treated by methanol, and Cr6+,
which the biomass treated by glicol, and mixture formaldehyde and formic
acid increasingly in cation sorption capacity of biomassa, 10,46%; 116,50%
and 41,78%, respectively.
• The biomass was treated by mixture formaldehyde and formic acid showing
very keen sorption capacity degradation to each Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and
Cr3+, that are 91,27; 85,39; 79,96; 91,30 and 55,91% respectively, except to
Cr6+, what is in condensation of there are in species Cr2O72- anion,
sorption capacities increase 41,78%.

 Generally, immobilization biomass by sodium silicate cause to increase

sorpsion capacity of biomass, specially Cr6+, sorption improvement more
than 100%, that is 2,27 mg/g for pure biomassa and 5,77 mg/g for
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immobilized biomass. The increase of sorption capacity immobilized biomass

each Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and Cr3+ cations are 4,25; 15,95; 8,84 and 3,49%.
While for metal Cr6+ absorbtion increase to 153,74 %.

 Desorption of the adsorption Pb2+ significantly proportional with used

nitrate acid concentration, that is more 89% at 0,5 M HNO3, while for Cu2+
at 0,05 M HNO3 have desorbed about 60%. While desorbed Cd2+ and Zn2+
cations were washed once with HNO3 0,5 M more than 80%. The biosrption
process of cations by immobilized biomass was a rapid process, wherein
more than 50% of the final uptake value occur at rate flow 50 drops/minute.

Effect of metals concentration on biosorption of

modification carboxyl group of Spyrogira subsalsa
sp by methanol 99%.
10
9
Pb(II)
Metal Uptake

8 Cu(II)
7 Cd(II)
(mg/g)

6 Zn(II)
5 Cr (III)
Cr (VI)
4
3
2
1
0
0 100 200 300

Solution of Concentration
 3

FTIR Spectrum of modification and unmodification of spirogyra subsalsa sp

fungsional group by methanol 99%

2
7.8
2
7
2
6
2 3
5 8533
2 806
3
4
743
2
3

617
2
2
2
1
2
%T 0
1
9
1
8
1
7 2 15
1
6 42 1052
1651
1
5
1
4
1
3
3
1
2.04000. 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 80 60 450.
0 600 200 800 400 000 800 cm- 600 400 200 000 0 0 0
1

Effect of metals concentration on biosorption of modification carbonyl group of

Spyrogira subsalsa sp by glycol

10

8
M etal Up ta ke (mg/g)

7
Pb(II)

6 Cu(II)

5 Cd(II)

4 Zn(II)

3 Cr (III)

2 Cr (VI)

0
0 100 200 300 400
Solution of Concentration
 4

FTIR Spectrum of modification and unmodification of spirogyra subsalsa sp

fungsional group by glycol

2
7.8

2
7

2
6

2 3
5 853 3
806
2
4 3
743
2
3

617
2
2

2
1

2
%T 0

1408
1
9

1
8

1
7 2928 1542
1
6
10521
1
5

1
1651
4

1
3406
3

1
2.0
4000. 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 80 60 450.
0 600 200 800 400 000 800 cm- 600 400 200 000 0 0 0
1
 5

Effect of metals concentration on biosorption of modification amine group of

Spyrogira subsalsa sp by mixture of formic acid and formaldehide

4
3.5
Metal Uptake (mg/g)

3
Pb(II)
2.5 Cu(II)
2 Cd(II)
Zn(II)
1.5 Cr (III)
1 Cr (VI)

0.5
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Solution of Concentration

FTIR Spectrum of modification and unmodification of spirogyra subsalsa sp

fungsional group by mixture of formic acid and formaldehide

2
7.8
2
7
2
6
2 3
5 8533
2 8063
4
743
2
3

617
2
2
2
1
2
%T 0
1
9
1
1
8
1
7
1
2 1
6
1 928 1052
5
1
1
4 3
1
651
406
3
1
2.04000. 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 80 60 450.
0 600 200 800 400 000 800 cm- 600 400 200 000 0 0 0
1
 6

Biosorption capacities of modification and unmodification biomass to Pb(II) and

Cu(II)

16
12.15 Unmodification
14 11.23 biomass
19,33% 37,45% 91,27%
12 Modification
Pb (II)ad s (mg/g)

9.06
7.8 biomass
10
8 6.07

6
4
0.84
2
0
carboxyl carbonyl Amine

Functi onal Group

Biosorption capacities of modification and unmodification biomass to Cd(II) and

Zn(II)

Unmodification
Cd(II) ads (mg/g)

7 Biomass

5.39 Modification
5.15 5.15
6 Biomass

4.09
5 3.75

2 1.08

0
CarboxylCarbonyl Amine

Fungsional Group
 7

Cromi um(III) ads (mg/g)

7

6 Unmodification
5.04 5.04 Biopmass

5 Modification
3.93 Biomass

2.5 2.325
3

2
1.025

0
Carboxyl Carbonyl Amine
Fungsional Group

Biosorption capacities of modification and unmodification biomass to Cr(II) and

Cr(VI)