(ALWAR)

A PROJECT REPORT ON LUBRICATION SYSTEM As part of Project stage -1 of the curriculum of B.TECH (ME) Vll Semester 2011-12 session Rajasthan Techanical University

Project S.NO. 1 2 3 4

Team Members Name RAVI YADAV VIJAY SINGH KRAMPAL ADESARA HARDIK

Rule Project Leader Designing & documentation Help Part collector & documentation Mr. Shamboo Dayal Gupta

Name of the Project Guide Signature of the project guide with date Date of Approval

Signature of HOD
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Certificate
It is to be certified that Vijay Singh , Ravi Yadav , Krampal and adesara Hardik student of final year Mechanical Engineering has partially completed the minor project . The project entitled lubrication system under my guidance and direction as a requisted for fulfillment of the degree of B.Tech 7th semester in Mechanical Engineering from Rajasthan Technical Universit, kota.

Preface

It gives a great pleasure is presenting the lubrication system in Crank shaft of Ic engine . to present the subject matter is most concept to point of view. Today s time the lubrication system is most important part of any machinery part . lubrication system is used to reduce the friction between to moving part of machine . So lubrication system is very important in every machinery part of machine . We thanks our guider Mr. Shamboo Gupta sir who s exccpetional guidance and great belief and efficiency .

Acknowledgement

I am very happy today because my minor project completed in lubrication system . My project is very complicated but I have completed my project easily & in short time because in the guidance of MR. SHAMBOO DAYAL GUPTA (Lecturer of CNC department). He is very energetic & honest able person. I have learned we should always be work together with the full passion. I have completed my project based on LUBRICATION SYSTEM IN CRANK SHAFT . So that I want to thanks full my Guidance MR. SAMBOO GUPTA SIR .

WITH RESPECTFULLY :NAME :- VIJAY SINGH RAVI YADAV KARMPAL ADESARA HARDIK COLLAGE :- A.I.E.T ,ALWAR

Declaration I declare that seventh semester report emitled Lubrication System is the work conducted under the supervision of the guide Mr. Shamboo Gupta (lecturer of CNC department ) and production lab. Guide Mr. nand lal (Lab asst. of Mechanical department ,A.I.E.T.) . I further declare that to the best of my knowledge the report for seventh training of bachelor of engineering .

INDEX
TOPIC LUBRICATION SYSTEM LUBRICATION PROCESS ON DIFFERENT PARTS ENGINE TYPES OF LUBRICATION SYSTEM DIFFERENT TYPES OF LUBRICATION SYSTEM Splash lubrication syste Forced lubrication syste Centralized oil lubrication system Recirculating oil system Single shot lubrication system PAGE NO. 8 9 10 12

CONCLUSION

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List of figure

Lubrication system

The engine lubrication system is designed to deliver clean oil at the correct temperature and pressure to every part of the engine. The oil is sucked out the sump into the pump, being the heart of the system, than forced through an oil filter and pressure feeded to the main bearings and to the oil pressure gauge. From the main bearings, the oil passes through feed-holes into drilled passages in the crankshaft and on to the big-end bearings of the connecting rod. The cylinder walls and pistonpin bearings are lubricated by oil fling dispersed by the rotating crankshaft. The excess being scraped off by the lower ring in the piston. A bleed or tributary from the main supply passage feeds each camshaft bearing. Another bleed supplies the timing chain or gears on the camshaft drive. The excess oil then drains back to the sump, where the heat is dispersed to the surrounding air

LUBRICATING PROCESS ON DIFFERENT PARTS

Journal Bearings

If the crankshaft journals become worn the engine will have low oil pressure and throw oil all over the inside of the engine. The excessive splash will probably overwhelm the rings and cause the engine to use oil. Worn bearings surfaces can be restored by simply replacing the bearings inserts. In good maintained engines bearing wear occurs immediately after a cold start, because theres little or no oil film between the bearing and shaft. At the moment that sufficient oil is circulated through the system hydrodynamic lubrication manifests and stop the progress of bearing wear. Piston rings - cylinder

Piston rings provide a sliding seal preventing leakage of the fuel/air mixture and exhaust from the combustion chamber into the oil sump during compression and combustion. Secondly they keep oil in the sump from leaking into the combustion area, where it would be burned and lost. Most cars that "burn oil" and have to have a quart added every 1,000 miles are burning it because the rings no longer seal properly.

Between the piston rings and the cylinder wall of a well maintained engine hydrodynamic lubrication prevails, essential for the lowest friction and wear. In the top and bottom dead centre where the piston stops to redirect, the film thickness becomes minimal and mixed lubrication may exist.

To realize a good head transfer from the piston to the cylinder, an optimal sealing and a minimum of oil burning, a minimal film thickness is desirable. The film thickness is kept minimal by a so called oil control ring. This ring is situated beyond the piston rings so that the surplus of oil is directly scraped downwards to the sump. The oil film left on the cylinder wall by the passage of this ring is available to lubricate the following ring. This process is repeated for successive rings. On the up stroke the first compression ring is lubricated by the oil left behind on the cylinder wall during the down stroke.

Leakage of the fuel/air mixture and exhaust from the combustion chamber into the oil sump result in oil degradation. This is the reason why, despite of frequent replenish of oil, oil change remain essential or even become more essential.

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Engine transmission lubricating system

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DIFFERENT TYPES OF LUBRICATION SYSTEM

There are two types of lubrication system Splash lubrication syste Forced lubrication syste Centralized oil lubrication system Recirculating oil system Single shot lubrication system

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Splash type lubrication system

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Splash-type lubrication system. TYPES OF LUBRICATING (OIL) SYSTEMS Now that you are familiar with the lubricating system components, you are ready to study the different systems that circulate oil through the engine. The systems used to circulate oil are known as splash, combination splash force feed, force feed, and full force-feed. Splash The splash system is no longer used in automotive engines. It is widely used in small four-cycle engines for lawn mowers, outboard marine operation, and so on. In the splash lubricating system , oil is splashed up from the oil pan or oil trays in the lower part of the crankcase.

The oil is thrown upward as droplets or fine mist and provides adequate lubrication to valve mechanisms, piston pins, cylinder walls, and piston rings. In the engine, dippers on the connecting-rod bearing caps enter the oil pan with each crankshaft revolution to produce the oil splash. A passage is drilled in each connecting rod from the dipper to the bearing to ensure lubrication. This system is too uncertain for automotive applications. One reason is that the level of oil in the crankcase will vary greatly the amount of lubrication received by the engine. A high level results in excess lubrication and oil consumption and a slightly low level results in inadequate lubrication and failure of the engine. Combination Splash and Force Feed In a combination splash and force feed . oil is delivered to some parts by means of splashing and Figure.Combination splash and force-feed lubrication system.

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Centralised oil lubrication system

Centralised Oil lubrication system is widely used in all types of machinery, and the basic types of lubrication are:

RE CIRCULATING OIL SYSTEM: These are used in machinery wherein, the oil is used by the parts and the oil collected and re circulated using a pump. The common type of application are the enclosed gear boxes, however, for gears which are not enclosed spraying of oil is desired. There are types of systems which require many parts to be lubricated continuously, here use of progressive distributors are used to ensure that all parts of the machine get the lubricant in equal amount.

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SINGLE SHOT lUBRICATION SYSTEM: Majority of machines require small doses of oil to various parts of the machine. In this system a small power pack called the lubricating pump which runs on electric supply/Manual or pneumatic drive is used. Here, the use of metering cartridges (sometimes called injectors) allows a maximum no of points to be lubricated in a very small systematic manner, so that lubrication is achieved regularly in small quantities and with better frequency, thereby optimum usage of lubricant is achieved, thus no spillage of oils, and the frequent lubrication ensures better life than conventional manual lubrication. We have developed injectors/metering cartridges which not only perform better, but also indicate when the injectors are in operation, without the removal of pipes and cumbersome methods. Unlike other injectors our metering cartridges are made such that the flow of each injector can be controlled and a range upto 0.4 cc can be achieved on single point thereby adjusting the flow as per
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the requirement is possible.

Selection: The selection of the system will depend on many factors such as:

Lubricant to be used The size of the machine/equipment to be lubricated

Distances between each point to be lubricated

Accessibility of the points to be lubricated

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Forced free lubrication system

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Conclusion
During of minor project preparing we have preparing of lubrication system working model. Our project team totally handling and manufacturing ,assemble every part and finally build up this working project We have designing this project project and then totally manufacturing all of this project as a working model...

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