1)how will i test pv breaker on board ship? 2)what is air lock in gas carrier?

which compartments are air locked &why? 3)what is heavy wearthe ballast hold &how it is different from the holds? 4)why sand box is provided in the boiler platform? 5)why rudder angle is not more than 36 degree? 6)can we pump out bilges in special area? 7)during bunkering what all things to check for electrical system? 8)in dry dock co2 bottle clamps removed.if fire takes place in engine room .what will be the action?

testing p/v breaker= alter the height of liquid column,using simple formula pressure = density x g x h,various pressure setting can be confirmed.u hve to alter liq column as h. airlock in gas ships=compartment before entering the motor room,enclosed by two doors with continuous positive pressure and a pressure switch device ,which in case of both doors remaining open together,senses pressure drop and trips the cargo compressors . basically a safety sys to prevent cargo vapours entering motor room which has electrical equipments of compressors ie driving motor. for the same reasons motor room is pressurised by positive blower. rudder angle not >36 cos > 36 will cause stalling of rudder,a phenomenon where drag increases rapidly and lift =component of force causing it to turn decreases rapidly, excessive eddies are formed at aft end finally rudder acts like a brake instead of turning. for better understanding read rudder chapter of naval arch. pumping bilges in sp areas= ofcourse u can, marpol rev annex 1 part C=CONTROL OF OPERATIONAL DISCHARGE OF OIL,REGULATION 15-CAN PUMP IF HAS ALARM AND AUTO STOP IF>15PPM. EXCEPT ANTARTICA DRYDOCK FIRE= RESPONSIBILITY OF FIREFIGHTING LIES WITH CHIEF OF FIRE OF DRY DOCK,SHIP STAFF ONLY TO ASSIST NOT TO FIGHT,TOO MANY PEOPLE IN E/R SO CO2 NOT BEST OPTION TILL SHORE PEOPLE TOO MUSTERED AND ACCOUNTED FOR.IF CO2 BOTTLES SYS IS INTACT,MAYBE THEN MANUAL RELEASE USING BOOSTER SYSTEM CAN BE USED, CAMPS REMOVED ,WHIC CLAMPS??? BE SPECIFIC,MAY BE I CAN THINK OF SOMETHING,

SAND BOX=BLR MOST POSSIBLE CAUSE OF FIRE =FUEL LEAK, t is an object of the invention to provide a means of extinguishing oil and gas fires using sand as the means for (1) cutting of the supply of oxygen to the fire (2) lowering the temperature below the ignition point, and (3) shutting off the supply of gas and/or oil. SAND FORMS PHYSICAL BARRIER S,SUFFOCATES FIRE ,TO EXTENT ALSO KINDA CONTAIN SPILL TO OTHER AREAS.
USING CO2 IS EFFECTIVE ONLY IN A SEALED COMPARTMENT,OTHERWISE ITS TOTALLY USELESS IN DRY DOCK THERE ARE TOO MANY OPENING THAN THE NORMAL ALSO THE MEANS OF CLOSURE TOO ARENT IN OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS OFTEN, HENCE USING CO2 MIGHT NOT BE THE BEST OR FIRST OPTION DEFINATELY.