USE OF ENGLISH PART A First Passage Evidence is accumulating that the brain works ( 1 ) like a muscle - the harder

you use it, the more it grows. ( 2 ) scientists had long believed the brain's circuitry was hard-wired by adolescence and inflexible in adulthood, ( 3 ) newly ( 4 ) ability to change and adapt is ( 5 ) with us well into old age. Best of all, this research has opened up an exciting world of possibilities for treating strokes and head ( 6 ) and warding off Alzheimer's disease. ( 7 ) Harvard's David Hubel, who shared a Nobel Prize just 13 ( 8 ) for vision experiments ( 9 ) parts of the brain become fixed in infancy, is surprised that new research shows the brain "is much more ( 10 ) than we ever suspected." 1) a. b. c. d. 2) a. b. c. d. 3) a. b. c. d. 4) a. b. c. d. 5) a. b. c. d. 6) a. b. c. d. 7) a. b. c. d. 8) a. b. c. d. very a lot hard not at all But On the other hand In spite of Although your its his those discovered accepted adopted received logically badly apparently recently hurts brains neurons injuries Except Even Not only Again years long years years old years ago Choose the best alternative to complete each blank:

9)

a. b. c. d.

showing that showed that showing off are showing comfortable modifiable believable affordable

10) a. b. c. d.

Second Passage India has 950 million people ( 11 ) only 12 million phone lines - one of ( 12 ) phone-density ratios in the world. "Getting a phone is like ( 13 ) a jackpot," says Samir Singh, a telecom ( 14 ) in New Delhi. More than 2 million people are waiting for the Department of Telecommunications to give them a connection. It's often easier to place a call to New York ( 15 ) to reach someone in a ( 16 ) neighborhood. Customer service is appalling; subscribers must sometimes pay bribes to get ( 17 ) phone fixed. ( 18 ) the horror stories, the situation has started to improve. Private investors, ( 19 ) , are now building local networks. Satellite uplink facilities will ( 20 ) to private firms, and there is a rush to place communications satellites over the vast country. 11) a. b. c. d. 12) a. b. c. d. 13) a. b. c. d. 14) a. b. c. d. 15) a. b. c. d. 16) a. b. c. d. while among per but those the lowest which a low hitting to hit being hit hit consultant consultative consul consult as in order than whether friendly distant nearby flat

17) a. his

b. him a c. its d. their 18) a. b. c. d. 19) a. b. c. d. 20) a. b. c. d. However Despite On the other hand Although include foreigners including foreigners inclusive included soon offer be soon offered be offering soon soon be offered

PART B - Compare the underlined sections in the passage with the alternatives and choose the best one: First Passage Robots ( 21 ) have been long stuck on the factory floor, welding car bodies and lifting heavy steel bars. Now they are ( 22 ) liberating. Service robots, already at work in nuclear plants and under the sea, are embarking on myriad new activities: ( 23 ) looking at the handicapped and elderly, cleaning offices and hotel rooms, guarding commercial buildings. In laboratories ( 24 ) worldwide, hundreds of robots perform ( 25 ) much intricate tasks as ( 26 ) buying and mixing minute quantities of chemicals, medications and even DNA. The Navy is starting to deploy tethered ( 27 ) undersea robotic devices with cutter-arms that snip mines' mooring cables. Other ( 28 ) parts wide open for service robots include ( 29 ) support in building and maintaining offshore oil platforms, assembling space stations, preparing fast foods, sorting ( 30 ) especially for the U.S. Postal Service and inspecting high-tension electric wire. 21) a. b. c. d. 22) a. b. c. d. 23) a. b. c. d. 24) a. b. c. d. NO CHANGE long to have long been could be NO CHANGE breaking loose lost fine NO CHANGE going through using taking care of NO CHANGE wide open somewhere of the world

25) a. NO CHANGE b. an c. such

d. relative 26) a. b. c. d. 27) a. b. c. d. 28) a. b. c. d. 29) a. b. c. d. 30) a. b. c. d. NO CHANGE measuring shaking tasting NO CHANGE under the sea below the sea sea's depth NO CHANGE lands fields places NO CHANGE helping the a complete putting down the NO CHANGE it out packages

Second Passage

When the first ( 31 ) native Americans arrived, the bald eagle soared over ( 32 ) all North America. Tens of thousands thrived in the United States through the ( 33 ) middle 1800th. For generations the American eagle was a familiar and ( 34 ) thriller view. The great bird can weigh 15 pounds, have a wingspan of seven feet and ( 35 ) live more thirty years in the wild and fifty years in ( 36 ) captivity. The eagle can see in two different ways: scanning from ( 37 ) the part of the head or, as we do, straight ahead to get a single picture. Its vision is ( 38 ) very bad - at least four times more acute than a human's - that by one estimate, it ( 39 ) clearly spot another bird ( 40 ) there are 40 miles. 31) a. b. c. d. 32) a. b. c. d. 33) a. b. c. d. NO CHANGE men population European settlers NO CHANGE out of South America the American cities in the sky NO CHANGE 1800 mid-1800s 1800 years

34) a. NO CHANGE b. thrilling sight c. common view

d. disturbing noise 35) a. b. c. d. 36) a. b. c. d. 37) a. b. c. d. 38) a. b. c. d. 39) a. b. c. d. 40) a. b. c. d. NO CHANGE within live up to must live NO CHANGE capture capital captive NO CHANGE a section the surface either side NO CHANGE so keen partly good so strange NO CHANGE can't may be able to should NO CHANGE until far at Choose the correct alternative to complete each sentence:

PART C -

41) Had Edgar been kidnapped by those criminals,___ killed. a. he ought to be c. he would've been b. he would be d. he shouldn't be 42) Sarah suggested ___ downtown ___ the good quality of the products. a. to go shopping ; since c. to go to shop ; as b. going shopping ; due to d. going to shop for ; by 43) The talk will be called off ___ the lecturer has difficulties arriving ___ time. a. unless ; at c. although ; in b. in case; over d. if; on 44) Opposite ___ my sister, I've never been good ___ arts. a. to ; at c. to ; in b. of ; in d. of ; on 45) Everybody ___ to know ___ last night. a. needs ; where did you drive b. want ; where had you driven

c. wants ; where you drove d. need ; where you went

46) The police ___ the burglar last night and, consequently, he ___ . a. caught ; had been arrested c. had caught ; was arrested b. caught ; was arrested d. had caught ; had been arrested

47) ___ Margareth ___ Brian are enrolled ___ the American Literature class. a. Neither ; nor ; at c. Not only ; but also ; to b. Both ; and ; in d. Either ; or ; for 48) ___ Whites will spend their summer vacation in ___ Caribean. a. --- ; the c. The ; the b. --- ; --d. The ; --49) You may give me a call ___ you feel like ___ to someone. a. when ; to talk c. when ; talk b. whenever ; to talk d. whenever ; talking 50) John said that he ___ well the night before. a. hadn't slept c. wouldn't sleep b. used to sleep d. hasn't slept 51) Michael isn't here ___ . He ___ home. a. any more ; could go b. any longer ; might have gone

c. any longer ; goes d. any time ; may go

52) Dad advised us ___ home very late at night because ___ law breakers around. a. to get ; there are c. not get ; there were b. don't get ; there will be d. not to get ; there might be 53) Sandy is using ___ car because ___ has broken down. a. her ; she c. my ; hers b. my ; her's d. mine ; she 54) It was ___ tragic story ___ I couldn't help ___ . a. such ; that ; to cry c. so ; that ; cry b. such a ; that ; crying d. so ; that ; crying 55) He ___ walk out on his wife. a. will never b. never will

c. sometimes will d. will never to

56) The children are excited ___ the new video game. a. in playing c. of playing b. to playing d. about playing 57) Lisa's parents traveled last week. She wishes she ___ with them. a. went c. would go b. had gone d. has gone 58) The Mexican food is ___ the Italian. a. as spicy b. spiciest

c. spicier than d. spice

59) She ___ her Spanish course ___ next month. a. will have finished ; by c. is going to end ; nice b. will get ; in the end d. is supposed to have ; well

60) A: ___ homework have you done? B: ___. a. How much ; Only two b. How many ; Not many

c. How much ; Just a little d. How many ; Just a few

61) I'm not going to eat ___ because I ___dinner. a. anything ; had been eating c. something ; had already had b. anything ; have just had d. nothing ; have already had 62) She will send the goods ____ _____ . a. immediately ; to the store b. upstairs; unwillingly 63) We ___ to him before he ___ . a. should have spoken ; had left b. should speak ; left

c. back ; right after receiving them d. now ; to the customers

c. must speak ; had left d. had spoken ; leaves

64) ___ around the living room gets on my nerves. a. The children are running c. The children ran b. The children being run d. The children's running 65) Everybody wanted to know ___ he stayed in New York or Washington, D.C. a. if c. or b. whether d. either 66) We're looking forward ___ in winter. a. to ski b. skiing

c. to skiing d. going to ski

67) I don't remember ___ my appointment book along last night. a. carrying c. if it was carried b. to carry d. that I carried 68) Each person in this room ___ fill in this application form. a. is supposed to c. are supposed to b. are willing to d. is expected that 69) Daniel caught a cold. ___ , he's going swimming this afternoon. a. Otherwise c. Even so b. Therefore d. As it is 70) The ___ you talk the ___ it is; so why don't you keep quiet? a. less ; worst c. most ; worst b. least ; bet d. more ; worse PART D Choose the most appropriate word to match the definition:

71) Soup with meat, rice or vegetables in it is called ___ . a. juice b. broth c. gravy

d. stew

72) A ___ of flowers is a group of flowers tied together.

a. pack

b. bush

c. lace

d. bunch

73) The verbs ___ , collapse and desintegrate are closest in meaning. a. fall apart b. build c. move apart

d. knock down

74) To press something firmly inwards is to ___ . a. take b. squeeze c. hold

d. catch

75) Striped, checked, solid and polka dot are different types of ___ . a. patterns b. sizes c. brands

d. cloth

76) To complain a lot, especially about something unimportant is to ___ . a. heartache b. shout c. bellyache d. mumble

77) The public celebration when musical bands, brightly decorated vehicles, etc. move down the street is called ___ . a. commemoration b. parade c. promenade d. commencement

78) A bar fixed on the front and back of a car to protect it if it hits anything is a ___ . a. bumper b. blinker c. trunk d. hood

79) The activity of buying, selling or exchanging goods within a country or between countries is called ___ . a. buzz b. busy c. staff d. trade

80) A ___ is an area of low flat land that is always wet and soft. a. desert b. marsh c. forest PART E - Choose the best alternative to complete the sentences:

d. lake

81) As it was ___ outside when I was about to leave, she invited me to spend the night there. a. shivering b. pouring c. lighting d. storm

82) The hole in the ozone ___ has brought about bad consequences to our lives. a. atmosphere b. place c. part d. layer

83) This article ___ people who have been suffering from AIDS. a. concerns b. regards c. tells d. regrets

84) Nowadays, people don't have time to meet their old friends because of their ___ lives. a. inherited b. religious c. fast d. hectic

85) Their wedding will be next spring. They've been ___ for six months. a. up to date b. engaged c. married d. fiance

86) In the past, it was necessary to use ___ to light up dark rooms. a. a lit b. a beacon c. a torch d. a head light

87) He's going to buy ___ for the barbecue meeting. a. gas b. charcoal c. varnish d. lacquer

88) More than one thousand copies will be ___ . a. run off b. run out c. run away d. run in

89) That ___ agent showed me some interesting dwellings in Miami. a. travel b. car c. model d. real state

90) One should often use a good ______ in order to avoid having dry skin. a. perfume 91) b. cleaner c. moisturizer d. moisture

Her children are so disobedient and they behave so badly! They're too ___ . a. lenient b. naughty c. gentle d. fickle

92)

She was ___ from the tragic car accident in which two people died. a. rescued b. safe c. helped d. caught

93)

He invited her to go to the movies but she turned him ___ twice. a. off b. out c. in d. down

94)

A lot of ___ will be set off at night for the celebration of the city's anniversary. a. planes b. fireworks c. flying saucers d. kites

95)

We had already ___ that the results would be good. a. planned b. faked c. predicted d. foreclosed

96)

You'd better keep the crystal vases out of childrens ____. a. look b. reach c. foot d. arms

97)

Although Mrs. Adams cleaned the living room, we can see ___ on the coffee table. a. grain b. powder c. dust d. lust

98)

I try to be nice to salesmen when they ___ on my house, but some of them are too insistent. a. call b. get c. try d. make

99)

Many children get sick and die because of poor ___ . a. arrangement b. implement c. nourishment d. resentment

100)

Steve and I were talking about his next project when James broke ___ the conversation.

a. onto PART F

b. into

c. off

d. out

- Read the passages and choose the correct answers:

Although it had its roots in German Expressionism and the private-eye novel, film noir fully emerged like a walking hangover after World War II, a haunted shadow rising from Europe's bombed-out rubble and Japan's radioactive ash - a slice of death drawn from a larger annihilation. Unlike the lusher Hollywood productions of the period, where the light was evenly dispensed and the actors perfectly placed, noir had a morbid bent, emphasizing deep focus, skewed camera angles, rain-slick streets, clouded obscurity (smoke, steam, fog), Kafkaesque compositions and high-contrast black and white. An urban art, like jazz, graffiti, and pulp fiction, noir had a neurotic propulsion perfect for the pulse of New York. After all, New York City is the world capital of neurosis - it's almost a matter of civic pride. Freud's late-19th-century Vienna was a mere farm system for the major-league jitters Manhattan came to symbolize in the 20th century. The city itself stretches across its island slab like a patient on a psychiatrist's couch. The hectic pace, the struggle for success and the fear of failure, the daily collision of so many smart mouths and hyperactive, hyperanalytical brains - all contribute to the average turnstiler's restless unease. As the first port of call for millions of immigrants, New York had a more pronounced sense of uprootedness than Los Angeles, the West Coast capital of noir. L.A. noirs are set in deceptively peaceful groves and quiet bungalows where the corruption and violence snake like evil into paradise. 101) What are the origins of film noir? a. A walking hangover. b. Haunted shadows of World War II. c. German Expressionism and the private-eye novel. d. The annihilation of Europe and Japan. Which of these characteristics do not belong to a film noir? a. A neurotic propulsion. b. A morbid bent. c. Smoke, steam, fog. d. Perfect placement of actors. Which of these terms was NOT used to refer to New York? a. An urban art. b. The world capital of neurosis. c. A patient on a psychiatrist's couch. d. The first port of call for immigrants. According to the author: a. The late-19th-century Vienna symbolized a farm. b. Jazz, graffiti, pulp fiction and noir had something in common. c. New Yorkers are all neurotic and hyperactive. d. Los Angeles is a paradise if compared to New York. What is the main focus of the passage? a. Film noir and New York. b. The influence of World War II in the movies. c. The hectic pace of life in New York. d. Urban arts.

102)

103)

104)

105)

Kathryn Rambo got a taste of the future recently, and she didn't like it one bit. Sure, she had a new $22,000 Jeep, five credit cards, an apartment and a $3,000 loan listed in her name. Problem was, she hadn't asked for any of it. A woman impersonating her had, with the help of information lifted from Rambo's employee-benefits form. Straightening out the mess took months of angry phone calls, court appearances and legal expenses. Rambo was a victim of "identity theft," an increasingly common crime committed by increasingly sophisticated swindlers. All they need is your full name or Social Security number, which they drop into Internet databases that serve up info like your address, phone number, employer or driver's license number. Then they're on

their way - applying for credit using your good name. Security experts say identity theft's high profitability and low penalties could make it as common as auto theft in the coming century. And identity theft is only one new form of millennial malfeasance. While new technology and widening global trade have made enterprise more efficient, both have also opened new cracks in society's defenses. Take commerce. As much as $117 billion in financial transactions will occur on-line by the year 2000, according to market researchers IDC. As banks go digital - in operations like trading stocks, paying bills, making loans - the robbers will, too." The sheer size and speed of information networks will make them impossible to monitor closely. 106) What was Kathryn Rambo's problem? a. She had five credit cards and a $3,000 loan. b. She didn't like the taste of the future. c. Somebody used her identity to acquire things she did not ask for. d. Her employee-benefits form provided too much information. What does a thief need in order to "steal someone's identity?" a. The person's full name and address. b. The person's driver's license and phone number. c. The person's credit card. d. The person's Social Security number. "It" in line 11 refers to: a. security expert b. identity theft c. profitability d. low penalty Which of these sentences is NOT true according to the text? a. Identity theft is not likely to become a common crime. b. Widening global trend has opened new cracks in society's defenses. c. It will be difficult to closely monitor financial transactions. d. Robbers will go digital as banks do. "Malfeasance" in line 12 can be best replaced by: a. custom b. illegal activity c. disease d. complaint

107)

108)

109)

110)

By the year 2000, an estimated one-and-a-half billion people - a quarter of the world's population - will speak English. For some 400 million people, the majority of whom will be living in the United States and the United Kingdom, English will be their first language. But for another 1.1 billion, English will be a second or third language essential to both their professional and their personal lives. English is increasingly becoming entrenched as the language of choice for business, science and popular culture. Three-quarters of the world's mail, for example, is currently written in English, as is up to 80% of the electronic mail on the Internet. Soon, more people will speak English as a foreign language than speak it as their mother tongue. But why is English rising so far above the babble of the world's other tongues? There are no clear linguistic reasons for English's global dominance. The grammar is complicated, the pronunciation eccentric, and the spelling peculiar, to say the least. But, as David Crystal, author of "English as a global language" points out, logic does not necessarily apply when building a lingua franca. "A language becomes powerful when a nation becomes powerful," he says. This power may be military or cultural or economic - or in the case of the U.S., arbiter of world English, all of the above. Another key factor is flexibility. According to Crystal, "English is a kind of vacuum cleaner of language - it sucks in vocabulary from any language it can get." Crystal estimates that there are now words from more than 150 other languages incorporated into standard English. 111) According to the text, by the year 2000: a. The majority of English-speaking people will be living in the U.S. and the United Kingdom.

b. A quarter of the world's population will have English as their first language. c. English will be a second or third language for 1.1 billion people. d. The world's population will be 1.5 billion. 112) Which fact does the author use to show the increasing use of English? a. The large amount of mail in English. b. The number of people for whom English is a second language. c. The Internet. d. The fact that more people speak English as a foreign language than speak it as their mother tongue. The author implies that: a. English is a logical language. b. The importance and influence of a language is closely related to the power of the country. c. English's global dominance lies on linguistic reasons. d. People learn English because they are paid to do so. Which of these alternatives is NOT true regarding English? a. Its spelling and pronunciation are strange to non-native speakers. b. It is the most used language in business, science and popular culture. c. It is a flexible language. d. Words from a few other languages were incorporated into it. The best title for this passage is: a. The U.S. - arbiter of world English. b. English's global dominance. c. The rise and fall of English as a world language. d. The dark side of English.

113) .

114)

115)

The concept of quality time arrived on the scene in America in the early '70s, featured in a wave of research including a now famous study by Alison Clarke-Stewart of the University of California, Irvine. She found (and recent brain research backs her up) that the more actively mothers were involved with their babies, talking and cooing, and so forth, the better it was for the babies' cognitive and social development. Babies who spent time with their mothers but didn't get as much of the goo-gooing and eye contact did less well. "But to be able to have that high-quality time, you have to invest a certain amount of pure time" says Clarke-Stewart. "It's not just 10 minutes a week. " Such nuances quickly dropped away as baby-boomer couples found quality time an immense help in juggling two careers and a potty chair. Today it's not even clear what most people mean when they use the term. All we reliably know is that whenever time with kids is in short supply, calling it "quality time" makes parents feel better. Experts say that many of the most important elements in children's lives - regular routines and domestic rituals, consistency, the sense that their parents know and care about them - are exactly what's jettisoned when quality time substitutes for quantity time. 116) What is the concept of quality time? a. Talking to a baby for 10 minutes is better than staying with it the whole week. b. Talking, cooing and making eye-contact with a baby help couples juggle two careers. c. Being actively involved with your baby while with him has a better effect than simply staying with him. d. Babies don't do well if they don't have eye-contact with their mothers. According to the text, the concept of quality time: a. first appeared towards the end of the 70's. b. has no scientific basis. c. has been chopped away by baby boomers. d. is being used as an excuse by parents who have little time for their children. Experts say that: a. Regular routines and domestic rituals have some importance in a child's life. b. It's extremely important that children feel their parents know and care about them. c. Aggressive and deviant children are inconsistent.

117)

118)

d. Children like routine and consistency. 119) The word "juggling" in line 10 is closest in meaning to: a. managing b. performing c. modifying d. judging The author's attitude towards quality time is: a. emotional. b. distant. c. critical. d. supportive.

120) b