Assignment # 3

Submitted By
Awais Ejaz Rizwan Rasheed EE-307-070 EE-01083-237

Submitted To

Sir Ijlal Haider

Power Plants

(B)

THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE

Gas Power Plant Turbine and Generators

Gas turbine cycle consists of (1) a compressor (2) a combustion chamber and (3) a turbine. The compressor is coupled with the turbine shaft, it absorbs some of the power produced by the turbine and hence lowers the efficiency. The network is therefore the difference between the turbine work and work required by the compressor to drive it.

CLASSIFICATION OF GAS TURBINE :

The gas turbine power plants which are used in electric power industry are classified into two groups as per the cycle of operation. (a) Open cycle gas turbine. (b) Closed cycle gas turbine.

OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT :

A simple open cycle gas turbine consists of a compressor, combustion chamber and a turbine

Working :

The heated gases coming out of combustion chamber are then passed to the turbine where it expands doing mechanical work. Part of the power developed by the turbine is utilized in driving the compressor and other accessories and remaining is used for power generation. Since ambient air enters into the compressor and gases coming out of turbine are exhausted into the atmosphere, the working medium must be replaced continuously.

CLOSED CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT Working:

It used air as working medium and had a useful output of 2 mW. In closed cycle gas turbine plant, the working fluid (air or any other suitable gas) coming out from compressor is heated in a heater by an external source at constant pressure. The high temperature and high-pressure air coming

out from the external heater is passed through the gas turbine. The fluid coming out from the turbine is cooled to its original temperature in the cooler using external cooling source before passing to the compressor.
The working fluid is continuously used in the system without its change of phase and the required heat is given to the working fluid in the heat exchanger.

Gas Turbine-generator selection :

The four variables which will be considered are: (a) Elevation. (b) Ambient temperature. (c) Inlet losses. (d) Exhaust losses.

Temperature :
Rise in Temperature cause problem which is related to compressor and turbine section where efficiency of the entire plant will effect. Temperature Should be in limits which is shown in the design part.

Inlet losses:
Inlet air filter design will preclude entrance of these contaminants with minimal pressure loss. The air inlet will be located to preclude ingestion of combustion products from other turbines or a nearby boiler plant, or hot, humid discharge from any cooling towers.

Outlet losses:
Outlet friction losses also result in a decrease of turbine-generator output and will be accounted for in the unit design. The major factor in outlet losses is the requirement to attenuate noise.

More Factors While Selecting Gas turbine Generator :

(a)Fuel Type, Composition, and Heating Value (b)Load (Base, Peak, or Part) (c)Compressor Inlet Temperature

(d)Atmospheric Pressure (e) Relative Humidity