OPERATION RESEARCH

Networking Model and Transportation Models Group Members:

Muhammad Umair Majid Khan

Class:
BBA VI C

Submitted to:
Ma am Fazeelat Kamal

Submitted on:
3rd January 2012

Introduction
Cotton is a natural fiber that finds use in many products. These range from clothing to home furnishings to medical products. As a result, cotton is always in demand though its use is subject to the strengths and weaknesses of the overall economy. It accounts for 8.2 percent of the value added in agriculture and about 2 percent to GDP. Cotton textile production is the most important of Pakistan's industries, accounting for about 19% of large-scale industrial employment, and 60% of total exports in 2000/01. Pakistan has become self-sufficient in cotton fabrics and exports substantial quantities. Some long and extralong staple cotton is imported to meet demand for finer cottons. About 80% of the textile industry is based on cotton, but factories also produce synthetic fabrics, worsted yarn and jute textiles. Jute textile output amounted to 70,100 tons in 1999/00. The textile industry as a whole employs about 38% of the industrial work force, accounts for 8.5% of GDP, 31% of total investment, and 27% of industrial value-added.

Activity

Denation

Predecessor Duration 2

Cotton Harvesting and Loading Cotton Drying Cleaning Compression of Bales Banding Sampling and Testing Wrapping Loading and Transpotation Bale Breaker Cotton Opener Mixing Picker Intermediate and Finisher Picker The Scrutcher Carding Lickering and Daffer Turmpet Mouth Rolling Silver Can Drawing Machinery Combing Drawing Comparison Windind the Wrap Sizing Cotton Inspection and Repairing Material Inspection Store Dying Finishing and Press Cutting Stitching Finishing Labeling Ironing Packaging Transpotation AIR Allocation Auditing Payments Re-Investment

A _ Networking Model B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b C d e f g h i j k l m n _ A C D D,E E,F B,G H I J J,K K,L M N O N,O,P Q R S T R,S,T,U V W X,W Y Z a b c d E e,f g H h,i j,d h,j,k l m

5 1 1 2 1 2 1 6 3 3 1 4 2 7 3 8 12 4 1 5 1 1 2 15 13 6 3 9 2 23 30 5 7 17 10 13 50 15 20 60

Mathematical Working
Activity Duration (Diy) 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 15 16 16 17 17 18 19 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 2 8 3 4 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 13 14 14 15 16 17 19 18 19 19 20 21 22 25 23 25 24 25 5 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 2 1 6 3 3 1 0 0 0 4 2 7 3 0 8 0 0 12 4 1 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 5 6 8 8 9 9 9 11 12 18 21 24 24 25 25 25 29 31 38 38 41 41 49 49 61 65 65 66 66 71 71 ES LS (ES Diy) 0 11 5 6 8 9 9 11 9 11 12 18 21 24 25 25 29 25 29 31 38 49 41 49 49 49 61 65 72 66 72 71 72 EF (ES + Diy) 5 1 6 8 9 8 9 9 11 12 18 21 24 25 24 25 25 29 31 38 41 38 49 41 49 61 65 66 65 71 66 72 71 LF TF (LF - EF) 0 11 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 11 0 8 0 0 0 0 7 0 6 0 1

5 12 6 8 9 9 9 11 11 12 18 21 24 25 25 25 29 29 31 38 41 49 49 49 49 6 65 66 72 71 72 72 72

24 25 26 27 27 28

25 26 27 28 29 29

0 1 2 0 0 15 13 6 3 Duration (Diy) ES

72 72 73 75 75 75 90 103 109 LS (ES Diy) 112 121 123 146 146 176 176 181 181 188 205 205 215 215 228 228 228 278 293 313

72 72 73 75 90 75 90 103 109 EF

72 73 75 75 75 90 103 109 112 LF

72 73 75 75 90 90 103 109 112 TF

0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0

29 30 30 31 31 32 Activity

32 33 34 35 35 36 36 37 38 39 40 40 41 42 43 43 44 45

33 34 35 36 44 37 38 38 39 40 41 42 42 43 44 45 45 46

9 2 23 30 0 5 0 0 7 17 10 0 0 13 0 0 50 15 20 60

112 121 123 146 228 176 181 181 181 188 205 215 215 215 228 278 228 278 293 313

(ES + Diy) 121 123 146 176 146 181 176 181 188 205 215 205 215 228 228 228 278 293 313 373

121 123 146 176 228 181 181 181 188 205 215 215 215 228 228 278 278 293 313 373

(LF - EF) 0 0 0 0 82 0 5 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0

46 47 47 48

Cost Model
D1 W1

5 2 8 5

D2

1 1 3 6

D3

7 3 1 2

D4

6 4 1 3
50

W2

150

W3

40

W4

60 300

30
Where ; D = Destination D1 =Lahore D2 =Islamabad D3 =Quetta D4 =Karachi W = Source W1 =Faisalabad

70

90

110

W2 =Sheikhupura W3 =Karachi W4 =Rawalpindi

Method
We will apply North- West Method in this cost model.

D1

D2

D3

D4

30
W1 5

20
1

0
1

0
50 20 0 7

0
W2 2

50
1

90
3

10
4 150 100 10 0

0
W3 8

0
3

0
1

40
1

40 0

0
W4 5 30 0

0
6 70 50 0

0
2 90 0

60
60 0 3 110 100 0 300

Initial Cost = 150 + 20 + 50 + 270 + 40 + 40 + 180 Initial Cost = Rs. 750

D1

D2

D3

D4

30
W1 5

20 +
1 -4

0
7 -2

0
50 6 1=0

0+
W2 3 2

50
1

90
3

10
150 2 = 0 4

0
W3 -6 8 -5

0
3 -1

0
1

40
40 1 3= 3

0
W4 -1 5 -6 70

0
6 0 90

0
2

60
60 3 4= 1

30 v1 = 5

110 v4 = 4

300

v2= 1

v3 = 3

Basic Variables Only

1+v1 = 5 1+v2 = 1 2+v2 = 1 2+v3 = 3 1=0 2=0 3 = 3 4 = 1 v1 = 5 v2 = 1 v3 = 3 v4 = 4

2+v4 = 4 3+v4 = 1 4+v4 = 3

Criteria of Optimality
Our tableau/model is the set to be optimal model, when all shadow cost for non basic variables becomes negative.

Calculation of Shadow Cost

We used following formula to calculate the shadow cost

vij = ( i + vj) Cij

Vij is the shadow cost from source i to destination J.It is taken for the non- basic variables. Calculations: v13 = ( 1 + v3) 7 v13 = - 4

Calculation of Theta ( )
Theta would be introduced in the column of non- basic variable with most positive shadow cost.

= Min ( 30 , 50)

= Min 30

Putting the value of in the blocks, where is added and subtracted, and we get the following result:

D1 0 -3 W1 5

D2 50 1 -4

D3 0 7 -2

D4 0 6 50 1=0

30
2 W2 -9 W3 -4 W4

20
1

90
3

10
4 150 2=0

0
8 -5

0
3 -1

0
1

40
1 40 3 60 4 = -1 3 = -3

0
5 -6

0
6 0

0
2

60

30 v1 = 2 Basic Variables Only

1 + v2 = 1 2 + v1 = 2 2 + v2 = 1 2 + v3 = 3 2 + v4 = 4 3 + v4 = 1 4 + v4 = 3

70 v2 = 1

90 v3 = 3

110 v4 = 4

300

1=0 2=0 3 = -3 4 = -1

v1 = 2 v2 = 1 v3 = 3 v4 = 4

Total Cost = 50 + 60 + 20 + 270 + 40 + 40 + 180

10

Total Cost = Rs. 660

Pay- off Model

D1 W1 D2 D3 D4

6 3 10 6
30 70

2 2 5 8
90

8 4 7 5
110

6 9 9 6

50

W2

150

W3

40

W4

60

300

Where; D = Destination D1 =Lahore D2 =Islamabad D3 =Quetta D4 =Karachi W = Source W1 =Faisalabad W2 =Sheikhupura W3 =Karachi W4 =Rawalpindi

Method
We will apply Least Cost Method in this pay off model.
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D1

0
-6

D2

0
-2

D3

50
-8

D4

0
-6 50 0

W1

0
W2 -3

10
-2

30
-4

110
-9 150 40 10 0 -9 40 10 0

30
W3 -10

0
-5

10
-7

0
-6 W4

60
-8

0
-5

0
-6 60 0

30 0

70 10 0

90 40 30 0

110 0

300

Note:
We have multiplied the pay off model with -1 to convert it in to cost model.

Initial Cost = (- 400) + (- 20) + (- 120) +(-990) + (- 300) + (-70) + (-480) Initial Cost = (Rs. -2380)

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D1

D2

D3

D4

0
W1 -5 -6 -4

0
-2

50
-8 -7

0
50 -6 1 =-4

0
W2 -4 -3

10
-2

30
-4

110
150 2 =0 -9

30
W3 -10 0

0
-5

10
-7 -3

0
40 -9 3 =-3

0
W4 -7 30 v1 = -7
Basic Variables Only 1+v3 = -8 2+v2 = -2 2+v3 = -4 2+v4 = -9 3+v1 = -10 3+v3 = -7 4+v2 = -8

60
-6 70 v2 = -2 -8 -5

0
-5 90 v3 = -4 -9

0
60 -6 110 v4 =-9 300 4 =-6

1 = -4 2=0 3 = 3 4 = -6

v1 = -7 v2 = -2 v3 = -4 v4 = -9

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Calculation of Shadow Cost

We used following formula to calculate the shadow cost

vij = ( i + vj) Cij

Vij is the shadow cost from source i to destination J.It is taken for the non- basic variables

Total Cost = (- 400) + (- 20) + (- 120) +(-990) + (- 300) + (-70) + (-480) Total Cost = (Rs. -2380)
Note: To convert cost model in to profit model we multiply the cost model with -1.

Total Cost = (- 400) + (- 20) + (- 120) + (-990) + (- 300) + (-70) + (-480) Total Profit = (Rs. -2380) Total Profit = Rs. 2380
Hence;

Optimal Solution = Rs. 2380

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