Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

A
PROJECT REPORT ON TEM PERA TURE CONTROLLED W ITH F AN SPEED.

As a Partial Fulfillment of DIPLOMA IN E.C. ENGG. Batch Year 2011- 2012

Undertaken At
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, PALANPUR

-: Submitted By:Chaudhary Laxman C. [096260311525]

Chaudhary Hasmukh L.
Prajapati Prakash I.

[096260311704]
[096260311514]

Jain Arvind C.

[096260311522]

-: Internal Guide:Mr. D.S. Ahir Mr.D.M.Modi

-: Submitted To:Government Polytechnic Palanpur Gujarat Technological University [Ahmedabad] Malan Gate, Ambaji Highway,

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Palanpur 385001

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

CANDIDATES DECLARATION

We declare that Fifth Semester report entitled Temperature controlled with fan speed is our own work conducted under the supervision of the guide Mr.D.S.Ahir. Mr.D.M.Modi We further declare that to the best of our knowledge the report Diploma In E.C.ENGG.[5th SEMESTER] does not contain part of work, which has been submitted for the award of DIPLOMA IN E.C.ENGG. either in this or any other university without proper citation.
Candidates Signature Candidates Name Candidates Signature Candidates Name Candidates Signature Candidates Name Candidates Signature Candidates Name Branch Submitted to ::::::::: :

Chaudhary Laxman C.

Chaudhary Hasmukh L.

Prajapati Prakash I.

Jain Arvind C.
Diploma [E.C.ENGG.] Government Polytechnic, Palanpur

Guide Name:Mr. D.S.Ahir/Mr.D.M.Modi Lect.Department [E.C.ENGG.]

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Government Polytechnic, Palanpur Date: -

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Project entitled Temparature controlled with fan speed is bonafied report of the work carried out by

1) Chaudhary Laxman C. 2) Chaudhary Hasmukh L. 3) Prajapati Prakash I. 4) Jain Arvind C.

. [096260311525] . [096260311704] . [096260311514] . [096260311522]

Student of department of Diploma E.C. 5th semester, under the guidance and supervision for the award of Diploma in E.C.Engg. at Gujarat technology university,ahmedabad. They were involved in Project during academic year 2011-2012.

PROF. R.J. PATEL

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Head of Department E.C.Engg. Date:-

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The most grateful acknowledgement is expressed by us to Mr.D.S.ahir/Mr D.M.Modi for their kind co-operation

and continuous guidance and inspiration to develop this project. We are very much thankful to other staff members of E.C.Engg. for their generous help to place us for project of Microcontroller.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

PREFACE
The word Practical means to be skilled at making or doing the things in action. Any kind of knowledge is always only and information, until it is put in practice or in action. And practice is a still through which one can attain the perfection in the area of his/her working or rather technology. So being a man of technology to have a command and sharpness over a practical knowledge is Shis / her fundamental requirement. Basically there are two types knowledge; one is theorical and another is Practical. But especially in the area of technology, theorical knowledge remains only as an information until is put in practice. Any one has an ability to achieve the theorical knowledge easily but when one need to explain the work that is done or to form any work, He or She must have the proper sense to put in practice of theorical knowledge the proper sense to put in practice of theorical knowledge practicle experience always dominate in the technology rather than the theorical knowledge hence there is said that

Knowledge is not power, but application is power.

And an application always by the practical experience. Nowadays, in the era or technology and electronic, computer has largely become an integral and essential part of this trend. Today area of working has left without the assistance of computer. With the help of computer today we are having the advantage of punctuality, perfection and speed in the work. And this technology has made the work easier from every

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

aspect. So we can apparently say that, Computer is the lungs of todays electronic and technical world. Computer is also widely used even in the area of academic. In the process of admission to the declaration of final results, we are having the advantage of computer.

OVERVIEW TO AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM

AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM:
Embedded systems (ES) means: A dedicated system having hardware and a software embedded in it. It is a special purpose computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions, sometimes with real time constraints. Embedded systems = hardware + software It means that to embed the software into hardware. Embedded system is dedicated to special task so design engineers can optimize it, reducing size and cost of the product, or increasing the reliability and performance. And it can mass produced so economical. Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

FEATURES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM:

Application:
The application of an ES is fixed in advance.

Hybrid systems:
Includes analog + digital parts.

Efficient:
Energy efficient Code-size efficient Size efficient Cost efficient : : : : Low Power Consumption Code Optimization should be used Small in size and Low fabrication Cost

User Interface:
Various types of user interfaces are used in embedded systems for different functions.

Availability:
System should be in working conditions for 24x7x365.

Maintainability:
If any error occurs, it should come into working condition again within a time frame.

Safety:
No Damage should occur if any error occurs. It should be properly checked in all test conditions.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Security:
It should provide confidential communication.

EXAMPLES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM:

Aerospace:
Navigation systems, Automatic landing systems, Flight attitude controls, Engine controls, etc.

Computer Peripherals:
Printers, scanners, keyboards, displays, modems, hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives.

Home:
Dishwashers, Microwave ovens, VCRs, Televisions, Cameras, Answering machines.

Instrumentation:

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Data collection, oscilloscopes, Signal generators, signal analyzers, power supplies.

PROJECT DEFINATION
Temperature controlled with fan speed is the Embedded System. This system is used to handle the electronic device through microcontroller. As this system working for the temperature sensor so temperature sensor detected temperature low and high to display in lcd through the microcontroller.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

PROJECT PROFILE
Project name :-- Temperature controlled with fan speed. Category Platform :-- Embadded System. :-- Keil uVision3, Flash Magic

Project Guide :-- Mr.D.S. Ahir/Mr.D.M. Modi Developed by :-1) Chaudhary Laxman C. . [096260311525]

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

2) Chaudhary Hasmukh L.

. [096260311704]
. [096260311514]

3) Prajapati Prakash I.
4) Jain Arvind C.

. [096260311522]

Software Description
Keil (vision3):
For programming in C we are using Keil Compiler, which is a cross compiler. It can run on controllers such as 8051, PIC, ARMetc, therefore the name given Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The main purposes of using Keil as embedded C programming language are as follows: Optimized code size. Easy to use. As C is higher level language, so it contains all features of Clanguage. The given below is a simple program in C which uses few header files created by us.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Flash Magic:
This software is used for transferring hex-code to the controller. This is very good facility provided by this software. To allow data transfer between PC and controller without an error, we must make sure about the baud rate, which must be same.

TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED WITH FAN SPEED

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION :

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

As we all know that computer included some parts for

make it complete as its required CPU(RAM, HardDisk, etc..),monitor, keyboard, mouse etcin the same way This system is included some parts which are used for some operations, 8051 Microcontroller(which is work as processing unit of System), MAX232(RS232),Oscillator, serial cable connector,Re-lay, Power input etc.. all this components are integrated on PCB(Printed circuit board). Processors of the system are working for temperature sensor so temperate sensor detected to temperate and display for lcd so working through microcontroller.

Description of Component

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Microcontroller-8051:
A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit consisting internally of a relatively simple CPU, clock, timers, I/O ports, and memory. As in every embedded systems we are having controller to control or process all the activities and devices.

Some of 8051 features are:

8-bit program status word. Internal ROM. Internal RAM of 128 bytes. Two 16 bit timer/counter: T0 and T1. 32 input/output pins arranged as four 8-bit ports: P0,P1,P2,P3.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

8051 Pin Description:

Pin
1 to 8 (P1.0 to P1.7) 9 10 (P3.0) 11 (P3.1) 12 (P3.2) 13 (P3.3) 14 (P3.4) 15 (P3.5) 16 (P3.6) 17 (P3.7) 18 19 20 21 to 28 (P2.0 to P2.7) 29 PSEN 30 ALE(PROG) 31 EA(VPP) (In) 32 to 39 Port 0 (P0.0 to P0.7) 40

Description
Port 1, the 8 pins can be used for I/O.

This pin is used for Reset as it reset and terminates all activities of 8051. RXD (Serial input port in this system attach with MAX232) TXD (Serial output port in this system attach with MAX232) INTO (external interrupt 0) INT1 (external interrupt 1) T0 (Timer 0 external input) T1 (Timer 1 external input) WR (External data memory write strobe) RD (External data memory read strobe) XTAL1 (it used to attach the oscillator ) XTAL2 (it used to attach the one pin of oscillator ) This pin is used as Ground Pin. Port 2 It is used as I/O port when external memory is interfaced to 8051. Program store enable, the read signal for external program memory. Address latch enable to latch address o/p at port 0 and port 2, it is an o/p used for demultiplex address and data bus. pin

External access enable, EA pin is connected to VCC. VPP it is connected to 12v during flash programming. It is a i/o port it can be used as directional low order address and data bus for external memory. VCC

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Re-lay Circuit Board:-

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

OVERVIEW TO AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM:
Embedded systems (ES) means: A dedicated system having hardware and a software embedded in it. It is a special purpose computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions, sometimes with real time constraints. Embedded systems = hardware + software It means that to embed the software into hardware. Embedded system is dedicated to special task so design engineers can optimize it, reducing size and cost of the product, or increasing the reliability and performance. And it can mass produced so economical. Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller FEATURES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM:

Application:
The application of an ES is fixed in advance.

Hybrid systems:
Includes analog + digital parts.

Efficient:
Energy efficient Code-size efficient Size efficient Cost efficient : : : : Low Power Consumption Code Optimization should be used Small in size and Low fabrication Cost

User Interface:
Various types of user interfaces are used in embedded systems for different functions.

Availability:
System should be in working conditions for 24x7x365.

Maintainability:
If any error occurs, it should come into working condition again within a time frame.

Safety:
No Damage should occur if any error occurs. It should be properly checked in all test conditions.

Security:
It should provide confidential communication.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Software Description
Keil (vision3):
For programming in C we are using Keil Compiler, which is a cross compiler. It can run on controllers such as 8051, PIC, ARMetc, therefore the name given Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The main purposes of using Keil as embedded C programming language are as follows: Optimized code size. Easy to use. As C is higher level language, so it contains all features of Clanguage. The given below is a simple program in C which uses few header files created by us.

Flash Magic:
This software is used for transferring hex-code to the controller. This is very good facility provided by this software. To allow data transfer between PC and controller without an error, we must make sure about the baud rate, which must be same.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Overview of Components of System

8051 Microcontroller:A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit consisting internally of a relatively simple CPU, clock, timers, I/O ports, and memory.

Oscillator Oscillator is the heart of the 8051 microcontroller It produce the pulses to the microcontroller and passed the frequency.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

MAX 232 MAX 232 include RS232 protocol that help us to communicate with microcontroller, it passed the instruction to the microcontroller.

Power Input It used to supply the power into the circuit board.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Serial cable connector It used to connect the max232 through serial cable.

Re-lay

It used to ON/OFF the device and it handle through code, it works like as switch as to ON/OFF it. In switch we have to done manually but in Re-lay it automatically handle by programming code.

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Capacitor
A device used to store an electric charge, consisting of one or more pairs of conductors separated by an insulator.

Registor
Enter or record in an official list as being in a particular category, having a particular eligibility or entitlement, or in keeping.

Temperature Sensor

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

here are many different ways to create a motion sensor. For example: It is common for stores to have a beam of light crossing the room near the door.

Max232 Diagram:-

Oscillator Diagram:-

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Re-lay Diagram:-

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Capacitor Diagram :-

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

Sensor to mcrocontroller Diagram :-

Searial port 9 pin Diagram :-

Controlling the Electronic Device through Microcontroller

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books referred : The 8051/8052 Microcontroller: Architecture, Assembly Language Websites referred : o Searching www.google.com. o At Command www.control.com.sg/at_commands_sms.aspx o Code project www.Embitech.com