Table of Contents

Welcome to RocLab!................................................................2
Introduction..............................................................................3
Documentation.........................................................................4
How Can I Use RocLab?..........................................................5
Quick Tour of RocLab..............................................................7
Entering Input Data...................................................................................7
Interactive Data Input.........................................................................7
Pick Dialogs........................................................................................7
Keyboard Entry...................................................................................8
Triaxial Lab Test Data........................................................................8
Estimating Input Parameters....................................................................9
Failure Envelope Plots............................................................................11
Right Click Menu..............................................................................12
Calculated Hoek-Brown Parameters......................................................12
Equivalent Mohr-Coulomb Parameters..................................................13
Failure Envelope Range...................................................................13
Other Rock Mass Parameters................................................................14
Triaxial Lab Test Data.............................................................................15
Example 1 Tunnel, undisturbed (D = 0)...............................................16
Example 2 Slope, disturbed (D = 1).....................................................18
Stress Sampler.......................................................................................20
Instantaneous Mohr-Coulomb Sampler..................................................21
Exporting Data / Images.........................................................................22
One Click Export to Excel................................................................22
Display Options.......................................................................................23
Mogis Line.......................................................................................23
Zoom Extents...................................................................................24

References..............................................................................25

Welcome to RocLab!
RocLab is a software program for determining rock mass strength
parameters, based on the generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion.
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201009600960000ffe20c584943435f505
24f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e7472524742205
8595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049
454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d600010000000
0d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707
274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001
f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a000002180000001
46758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e64
0000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0
000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d
6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c72545243000
0043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000
080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742028632920313939382
04865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573
630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000
0000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
RocLab is a product of Rocscience Inc. It is a free software program.

Rocscience produces many other software products for geotechnical, mining and
civil engineering applications. Visit www.rocscience.com to find out about the
many other software products available from Rocscience.

Introduction
One of the major obstacles which is encountered in the field of
numerical modeling for rock mechanics, is the problem of data input
for rock mass properties.
The usefulness of elaborate constitutive models, and powerful
numerical analysis programs, is greatly limited, if the analyst does not
have reliable input data for rock mass properties.
The latest version of the Hoek-Brown failure criterion (Ref.1&2), in
conjunction with its implementation in the software program RocLab,
goes a long way toward remedying this situation.
Some formerly troublesome issues with the failure criterion have now
been resolved, including:
the applicability of the criterion to very weak rock masses, and
the calculation of equivalent Mohr-Coulomb parameters, from the
Hoek-Brown failure envelope
The program RocLab provides a simple and intuitive implementation
of the Hoek-Brown failure criterion, allowing users to easily obtain
reliable estimates of rock mass properties, and to visualize the effects
of changing rock mass parameters, on the failure envelopes.
The task of determining rock mass properties is not usually an end in
itself. It is carried out in order to provide input for numerical analysis
programs, which require material properties in order to perform a
stability or stress analysis.
The rock mass properties determined by RocLab can be used as input
for numerical analysis programs such as Phase2 (finite element stress
analysis and support design for excavations) or Slide (limit equilibrium
slope stability analysis). Phase2 and Slide are also available from
Rocscience.

Documentation
The calculations in the RocLab program, are based on the latest
version of the Generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion, as detailed in
the following papers (Ref. 1&2):
Hoek, E., Carranza-Torres, C.T., and Corkum, B. (2002), HoekBrown failure criterion 2002 edition. Proc. North American Rock
Mechanics Society meeting in Toronto in July 2002
Hoek, E and Diederichs, M.S. (2006), Empirical estimation of rock
mass modulus. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining
Sciences, 43, 203215
The program RocLab incorporates all of the latest developments
described in these papers.
These papers should be read by all users of RocLab!!! The definitions
and equations for all input and output parameters in RocLab, can be
found in these papers, which are available as PDF documents. Access
to these documents can be made through the RocLab Help menu or the
RocLab Start Menu.
Another useful document is the following (Ref. 3):
A Brief History of the Hoek-Brown Failure Criterion, by Evert
Hoek.
This paper provides a brief chronological overview of the evolution of
the Hoek-Brown failure criterion, and provides references to all of the
significant papers which have been published. This is also
recommended reading for all users of RocLab. The paper is also
available as a PDF document.
Finally, a set of notes by Dr. Evert Hoek, Practical Rock Engineering,
(Ref. 4) is available on the Rocscience website, www.rocscience.com ,
in the form of a series of PDF documents. Practical Rock Engineering is
recommended reading for all students of rock mechanics. Chapter 11
(Rock mass properties) should also be read by users of RocLab.

How Can I Use RocLab?

The following tasks can be accomplished with RocLab.

Determine Strength Parameters

Determine the Generalized Hoek-Brown strength parameters of a rock
mass (mb, s and a), based on the following input data (see Ref 1):
unconfined compressive strength of intact rock sigci
the intact rock parameter mi
the geological strength index GSI
the disturbance factor D

Determine Rock Mass Deformation Modulus

Determine the rock mass deformation modulus based on the following
input data (See Generalized Hoek-Diederichs equation in Ref 2):
the intact rock deformation modulus Ei
Ei can be optionally estimated using a modulus ratio MR

Plot Failure Envelopes

Plot the Hoek-Brown failure envelope in principal and / or shear-normal
stress space.
Interactively change sigci, GSI, mi, D, to see how the failure
envelope changes with each parameter

Estimation of Input Parameters

Each of the above 5 input parameters (sigci, mi, GSI, D and Ei), can
be conveniently estimated from built-in charts and tables, based on
rock type, geological conditions, etc.
Triaxial Lab Test Data
Triaxial lab tests on intact rock, can be used to determine sigci and mi
using the Marquardt-Levenberg fitting technique.
the triaxial data can be imported from Microsoft Excel through the
clipboard, tab-delimited or comma separated value text files,
RocData or other RocLab files.
the data can also be entered in the program using a built-in
spreadsheet.

Equivalent Mohr-Coulomb Parameters

Calculation of equivalent Mohr-Coulomb strength parameters (cohesion

and friction angle).

 The best-fit Mohr-Coulomb strength envelope is determined over a

stress range that you can define based on your application (i.e.
tunneling or slope stability).
Plot the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb failure envelope in principal and /
or shear-normal stress space

Stress Sampler
Graphically sample the Hoek-Brown or Mohr-Coulomb failure envelope
to determine strength for any discrete value of stress (principal, shear
or normal stress).
Instantaneous MC Sampler
Graphically determine the instantaneous Mohr-Coulomb parameters at
any point along the Hoek-Brown failure envelopes.
Other Rock Mass Parameters
The program also calculates rock-mass parameters such as tensile
strength, uniaxial compressive strength and deformation modulus.
Units
A RocLab analysis can be carried out using either Metric or Imperial
units. In Metric, the stress units are Megapascals (MPa). In Imperial, the
stress units may be either Kilopounds per square foot (ksf) or
Kilopounds per square inch (ksi). The unit system is selected in the
Project Settings dialog.
Export Data / Images
Export data for further analysis or report writing:
Copy the data and / or plots to the clipboard for easy import into
Microsoft Word or your favorite word processor or image editing
program.
Copy the data and / or plots directly into Microsoft Excel.
Save the plots to a JPEG or BMP image file.
Print and Print Preview capabilities.

Display Options
Numerous Display Options to customize the appearance of your plots:
Change colors, fonts, line thickness.
Grid overlay.
Add plot title and show input data directly on plots.
Zooming.
Plot Mogis line (transition from brittle to ductile failure).

 Grayscale for output to black and white printers

Quick Tour of RocLab

The following quick tour of RocLab will familiarize the user with the
features of the program.

Entering Input Data

The primary means of user interaction with RocLab, is with the sidebar
data input area, shown below. The sidebar is used for data input, and
also for display of calculated output parameters.
There are various methods of entering the input data for RocLab:
ffd8ffe0
00104a4
Interactive Data Input
6494600
0102010
If you click on the
0480048
0000ffe2
0c58494
3435f50
This allows you to interactively observe the effect of parameter
524f464
changes, on the shape of the failure envelopes, and the output
94c4500
values.
0101000
00c484c
ffd8ffe000104a4649460
696e6f0
0010201007500750000ff
2100000
Pick Dialogs
e20c584943435f50524f46
6d6e747
494c4500010100000c484
2524742
c696e6f021000006d6e74
You may also enter input parameters
using
the Pick dialogs. When
2058595
725247422058595a2007c
you select a Pick button,
a2007ce
e0002000900060031000
0002000
0616373704d534654000
9000600
00000494543207352474
3100006
20000000000000000000
1637370
000000000f6d600010000
4d53465
0000d32d485020200000
4000000
00000000000000000000
0049454
00000000000000000000
3207352
00000000000000000000
4742000
00000000000000000000
ffd8ffe00
0000000
00000000001163707274
0104a464
0000000
00000150000000336465
94600010
0000000
7363000001840000006c7
20100480
0000f6d
7747074000001f0000000
0480000ff
6000100
14626b70740000020400
e20c5849
000000d
0000147258595a000002
43435f505
32d4850
18000000146758595a00
24f46494c
2020000
00022c000000146258595
45000101
0000000
a0000024000000014646
00000c48
0000000
d6e64000002540000007
4c696e6f0
0000000
0646d6464000002c40000
21000006
0000000
0088767565640000034c0
d6e74725
0000000
00000867669657700000

Keyboard Entry
If you type the numbers in the sidebar edit boxes with the keyboard,
then the calculations are NOT automatically carried out. In this
case, you must select the Compute option (available in the sidebar,
the toolbar, or the Analysis menu), in order to re-compute the rock
mass parameters and failure envelopes.
ffd8ffe000104a4649460001
0201009500950000ffe20c58
4943435f50524f46494c4500 Triaxial Lab Test Data
010100000c484c696e6f0210
00006d6e747252474220585 You may also determine values of sigci
95a2007ce00020009000600
and mi, from triaxial lab test data for
310000616373704d5346540
intact rock. This is done with the Use
00000004945432073524742
Lab Data option, as described in a
00000000000000000000000
later section. When you select Apply or
00000f6d6000100000000d3
OK in the Calculate sigci, mi from Lab
2d485020200000000000000
Data dialog, the RocLab calculation is
00000000000000000000000
carried out, and all output values and
00000000000000000000000
failure envelopes are updated.
00000000000000000000000
00000000000011637072740
00001500000003364657363
000001840000006c7774707
4000001f000000014626b70
74000002040000001472585
95a00000218000000146758
595a0000022c00000014625
8595a000002400000001464
6d6e6400000254000000706
46d6464000002c400000088
767565640000034c0000008
676696577000003d4000000
246c756d69000003f8000000
146d6561730000040c00000
02474656368000004300000
000c725452430000043c000
0080c675452430000043c00
00080c625452430000043c0
000080c7465787400000000
436f7079726967687420286
3292031393938204865776c
6574742d5061636b6172642
0436f6d70616e79000064657
36300000000000000127352
47422049454336313936362
d322e310000000000000000
00000012735247422049454
336313936362d322e310000
00000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000
0000

ffd8ffe0001
04a4649460
0010201007
b00790000ff
e20c584943
435f50524f4
6494c45000
10100000c4
84c696e6f02
1000006d6e
7472524742 Estimating Input Parameters
2058595a20
07ce000200 Each of the parameters used as input for the Hoek-Brown criterion
0900060031 sigci, mi, GSI, and D, and input into the Generalized Hoek-Diederichs
0000616373 equation for determination of rock mass modulus Ei can be
704d534654 estimated using convenient charts and tables built into RocLab.
0000000049
4543207352 These charts and tables are accessed by selecting the Pick button
4742000000 ffd8ffe000104a464946000102 located beside each of the input
0000000000 01007f007f0000ffe20c5849434 parameter edit boxes in the sidebar.
0000000000 35f50524f46494c45000101000
00f6d60001 00c484c696e6f021000006d6e7
00000000d3 4725247422058595a2007ce00
2d48502020 0200090006003100006163737 When you select a Pick button, a table or
0000000000 04d5346540000000049454320 chart will appear, allowing you to determine a
0000000000 7352474200000000000000000 suitable value for the desired parameter. For
0000000000 00000000000f6d60001000000 example, the dialogs for estimation of mi and
0000000000 00d32d4850202000000000000 GSI (Rock Type = General) are shown
0000000000 0000000000000000000000000 below.
0000000000 0000000000000000000000000
0000000000 0000000000000000000000000
0000000000 0000000011637072740000015
0000000000 0000000336465736300000184 Once you have determined a value, select OK
0000116370 0000006c77747074000001f00
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010101007e007e0000ffe20c584943435f505
7274000001 24f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e7472524742205
0000014626b70740000020400
5000000033 8595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000049
0000147258595a00000218000
6465736300 454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d600010000000
000146758595a0000022c0000
0001840000 00146258595a0000024000000
0d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
006c777470 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001163707
014646d6e6400000254000000
74000001f0 274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001
70646d6464000002c40000008
0000001462 f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a000002180000001
8767565640000034c00000086
6b70740000 46758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e64
76696577000003d4000000246
0204000000 c756d69000003f8000000146d
0000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c0
147258595a 000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d
6561730000040c00000024746
0000021800 6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c72545243000
56368000004300000000c7254
0000146758 0043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000
52430000043c0000080c67545
595a000002 080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742028632920313939382
2430000043c0000080c625452
2c00000014 430000043c0000080c7465787
04865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573
6258595a00 630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000
400000000436f707972696768
0002400000 0000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000
7420286329203139393820486
0014646d6e 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
5776c6574742d5061636b6172
6400000254 6420436f6d70616e790000646
0000007064 5736300000000000000127352 in the Pick dialog. The value will be
6d64640000 47422049454336313936362d3 automatically loaded into the sidebar input
02c4000000 22e3100000000000000000000 data area, and the RocLab calculation will
8876756564 0012735247422049454336313 automatically be carried out (ie. output
0000034c00 936362d322e31000000000000 parameters and failure envelopes will be
0000867669 0000000000000000000000000 re-calculated using the selected input
data).
6577000003 00000000000000000
d400000024
6c756d6900
0003f80000
00146d6561
730000040c

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201007f007f0000ffe20c584943435f5052
4f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e74725247422058
595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d53465400000000494
54320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000
GSI chart (Rock Type = General)
d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
ffd8ffe0001 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000116370
Select the Pick button for each of sigci, mi, GSI, D and Ei, and
04a4649460 7274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c7774707400000
experiment with the dialogs.
0010201006 1f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000218000000
000610000ff 146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e6
Notice that there are TWO distinct GSI charts:
e20c584943 40000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c
435f50524f4 0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146
One for general rock mass types
6494c45000 d6561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c7254524300
One for weak, heterogeneous rock mass types such as flysch, which
10100000c4 00043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c000
extends the useful range of GSI down to values as low as 5.
84c696e6f020080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938
1000006d6e 204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e79000064657
7472524742 3630000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000
For further information about the Hoek-Brown classification parameters
2058595a20 000000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e310
sigci, mi, GSI, D please consult Ref. 1. For further information on the
07ce000200 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Generalized Hoek-Diederichs rock mass modulus equation see Ref. 2.
0900060031
0000616373
704d534654
0000000049
4543207352
4742000000
0000000000
0000000000
00f6d600010
0000000d32
d485020200
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0001163707
2740000015
0000000336
4657363000
0018400000
06c7774707
4000001f000
000014626b
7074000002
0400000014
7258595a00
0002180000
0014675859
5a0000022c
0000001462
58595a0000
0240000000

Failure Envelope Plots

RocLab will plot the rock mass failure envelopes in:
Principal stress space (sigma1 vs. sigma3)
ffd8ffe000104a4649460001020100b700b70000ffe20c58494343
5f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e7472
5247422058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d53
4654000000004945432073524742000000000000000000000000
0000f6d6000100000000d32d48502020000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000001163707274000001500000003364657
363000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400
000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758595a000002
2c000000146258595a0000024000000014646d6e640000025400
000070646d6464000002c400000088767565640000034c000000
8676696577000003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6
561730000040c0000002474656368000004300000000c7254524
30000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000
043c0000080c7465787400000000436f707972696768742028632
92031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70
616e790000646573630000000000000012735247422049454336
313936362d322e31000000000000000000000012735247422049
454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000
Shear Normal stress space (sigma normal vs. Tau)
The plots correspond to the current data in the sidebar.

By default, BOTH principal stress AND shear-normal plots are displayed.

However, you can choose to display either plot type on its own, by selecting the
desired plot type from the toolbar, the Analysis menu or the right-click menu.
Various display and analysis options are available, such as:
Display equivalent Mohr-Coulomb envelope
Stress sampler / Instantaneous Mohr-Coulomb sampler
Customize plot appearance with Display Options (eg. grid overlay,
line thickness, fonts etc), and zooming

ffd8ffe0001
ffd8ffe0001
04a4649460
04a4649460
001020100b
001020100b
800b80000ff
800b80000ff
e20c584943
e20c584943
435f50524f4
435f50524f4
6494c45000
6494c45000
10100000c4
10100000c4
84c696e6f0
84c696e6f02
21000006d6
1000006d6e
e747252474 Right Click Menu
7472524742 TIP most of the plot display options, are also conveniently available in
22058595a2
2058595a20 the right-click menu, if you right-click the mouse anywhere in the plot
007ce00020
0090006003
07ce000200 display area.
1000061637
0900060031
3704d53465
0000616373
4000000004
704d534654 Hoek-Brown Parameters
9454320735
0000000049
2474200000
4543207352 For a given set of input parameters (sigci, GSI, mi, and D), RocLab
0000000000
4742000000 ffd8ffe000104a4649460001 calculates the parameters of the
0000000000
generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion
0000000000
000f6d6000 0201008a008a0000ffe20c58 (mb, s and a).
0000000000
100000000d 4943435f50524f46494c4500
00f6d600010
32d4850202 010100000c484c696e6f0210 For a given value of intact modulus Ei,
0000000d32
0000000000 00006d6e747252474220585 Roclab also calculates the rock mass
d485020200
0000000000 95a2007ce00020009000600 modulus Erm using the Generalized
0000000000
0000000000 310000616373704d5346540 Hoek-Diederichs equation in Ref. 2.
0000000000
0000000000 00000004945432073524742
0000000000
0000000000 00000000000000000000000 These are displayed in the sidebar, as
0000000000 00000f6d6000100000000d32 shown below. The Hoek-Brown failure
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000 d4850202000000000000000 envelopes which are plotted in RocLab,
00000000000000000000000 are generated using these values of mb, s
0000000000
0000000000
00000000000000000000000
0000000000
0000000000 00000000000000000000000 and a.
0000011637
0000000000 00000000000116370727400
0727400000
0000000000
1500000003 00015000000033646573630
0001163707
3646573630 00001840000006c77747074 These parameters are calculated using the
2740000015
0000184000 000001f000000014626b7074 latest version of the Hoek-Brown failure
0000000336
0006c77747 00000204000000147258595 criterion. For a definition of these parameters,
4657363000
074000001f a0000021800000014675859 and the equations which define them, please
0018400000
0000000146 5a0000022c0000001462585 see Ref. 1.
26b7074000 95a0000024000000014646d
06c7774707
0020400000
4000001f000 6e640000025400000070646
0147258595
000014626b d6464000002c40000008876
a000002180
7074000002 7565640000034c000000867
6696577000003d400000024
0000014675
0400000014 6c756d69000003f800000014
8595a00000
7258595a00 6d6561730000040c0000002
22c0000001
0002180000 47465636800000430000000
46258595a0
0014675859
0000240000 0c725452430000043c000008
5a0000022c
00014646d6 0c675452430000043c000008
0000001462
e640000025 0c625452430000043c000008
58595a0000
4000000706 0c7465787400000000436f70
0240000000
46d6464000 79726967687420286329203
14646d6e64 1393938204865776c657474
002c400000
0887675656 2d5061636b61726420436f6d
0000025400
40000034c0
000070646d 70616e79000064657363000
0000086766
6464000002 00000000000127352474220
49454336313936362d322e3
9657700000
c400000088
10000000000000000000000
3d40000002
7675656400 12735247422049454336313
46c756d690
00034c0000 936362d322e310000000000
00003f8000
0086766965
000146d656 00000000000000000000000
77000003d4
1730000040 000000000000000000000

ffd8ffe0001
04a4649460
0010201006f
00700000ffe
20c58494343
5f50524f464
94c45000101
00000c484c6
96e6f021000
006d6e7472
5247422058 Equivalent Mohr-Coulomb Parameters
595a2007ce0
In 0020009000 addition to the Hoek-Brown failure criterion
6003100006 parameters (mb, s and a), RocLab always calculates
16373704d5 equivalent Mohr-Coulomb parameters (cohesion and
3465400000 friction angle) for the rock mass.
0004945432
0735247420 Since most rock engineering software is still written
in terms of the Mohr-Coulomb failure
0000000000
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201
criterion, the calculation of equivalent
0000000000
006f006f0000ffe20c584943435f5
Mohr-Coulomb parameters from the
0000000f6d6
0524f46494c4500010100000c48
0001000000
4c696e6f021000006d6e7472524 Hoek-Brown failure criterion, is an
important feature of the RocLab
00d32d4850
7422058595a2007ce0002000900
program.
2020000000
0600310000616373704d5346540
0000000000
000000049454320735247420000
0000000000
000000000000000000000000f6d
0000000000
6000100000000d32d4850202000
The corresponding Mohr-Coulomb
0000000000
000000000000000000000000000
envelope can be viewed by selecting
0000000000
000000000000000000000000000
the Mohr-Coulomb Envelope option
0000000000
000000000000000000000000000
from the toolbar or the Analysis
0000000000
000000000001163707274000001
menu.
0000000000
500000003364657363000001840
0000000011
000006c77747074000001f00000
6370727400
0014626b7074000002040000001
Failure Envelope Range
0001500000
47258595a000002180000001467
It is important to note that the
0033646573
58595a0000022c0000001462585
6300000184
95a0000024000000014646d6e64 Failure Envelope Range option has
a direct effect on the calculated Mohr0000006c777
0000025400000070646d6464000
Coulomb parameters.
4707400000
002c40000008876756564000003
1f000000014
4c0000008676696577000003d40
For details about the Mohr-Coulomb
626b707400
00000246c756d69000003f80000
0002040000
00146d6561730000040c0000002 fitting procedure, and the significance
of the Failure Envelope Range option,
0014725859
474656368000004300000000c72
see Ref. 1 (section 4: Mohr-Coulomb
5a00000218
5452430000043c0000080c67545
Criterion, and section 6:
0000001467
2430000043c0000080c62545243
Determination of
58595a0000
0000043c0000080c74657874000
022c0000001
00000436f707972696768742028
46258595a0
63292031393938204865776c657
0000240000
4742d5061636b61726420436f6d
00014646d6
70616e790000646573630000000
e640000025
000000012735247422049454336
4000000706
313936362d322e3100000000000
46d6464000
000000000001273524742204945
002c4000000
4336313936362d322e310000000
8876756564
000000000000000000000000000
0000034c000
00000000000000000000
0008676696
577000003d
4000000246c
756d690000
03f80000001
46d6561730
000040c0000
0024746563

ffd8ffe0001
04a4649460
0010201006
f00700000ff
e20c584943
435f50524f4
6494c45000
10100000c4
84c696e6f0
21000006d6
e747252474 Other Rock Mass Parameters
22058595a2
007ce00020 At the bottom of the sidebar, you will notice that the following rock
0090006003 mass parameters are also calculated:
1000061637
3704d53465 Sigt (rock mass tensile strength)
4000000004 Sigc (uniaxial rock mass compressive strength)
9454320735 ffd8ffe000104a4649460001020 Sigcm (global rock mass
compressive strength)
2474200000 1007000700000ffe20c584943435
0000000000 f50524f46494c4500010100000c4 Erm (rock mass deformation
modulus)
0000000000 84c696e6f021000006d6e747252
000f6d6000 47422058595a2007ce000200090
100000000d 00600310000616373704d53465
32d4850202 40000000049454320735247420
0000000000 00000000000000000000000000
0000000000 0f6d6000100000000d32d485020 For the definitions of these parameters, and
0000000000 20000000000000000000000000 the equations used to calculate them,
0000000000 00000000000000000000000000 please see Ref. 1 (sigt,sigc,sigcm) and the
0000000000 00000000000000000000000000 Generalized Hoek-Diederichs equation in
0000000000 00000000000000000011637072 Ref 2. (Erm).
0000000000 74000001500000003364657363
0000000000 000001840000006c77747074000 In particular, you will notice that there are
0000000000 001f000000014626b7074000002 two values of rock mass compressive
0000011637 04000000147258595a000002180strength which are calculated by RocLab
0727400000 00000146758595a0000022c0000 sigc and sigcm. For a discussion of
1500000003 00146258595a000002400000001how these two parameters are
3646573630 4646d6e6400000254000000706 defined, and how they may be used,
0000184000 46d6464000002c4000000887675 please see Ref. 1 section 5: Rock
0006c77747 65640000034c000000867669657 Mass Strength.
074000001f 7000003d4000000246c756d6900
0000000146 0003f8000000146d65617300000
26b7074000 40c000000247465636800000430
0020400000 0000000c725452430000043c000
0147258595 0080c675452430000043c000008
a000002180 0c625452430000043c0000080c7
0000014675 465787400000000436f70797269
8595a00000 67687420286329203139393820
22c0000001 4865776c6574742d5061636b617
46258595a0 26420436f6d70616e7900006465
0000240000 73630000000000000012735247
00014646d6 422049454336313936362d322e
e640000025 31000000000000000000000012
4000000706 73524742204945433631393636
46d6464000 2d322e31000000000000000000
002c400000 00000000000000000000000000
0887675656 0000000000
40000034c0
0000086766
9657700000
3d40000002
46c756d690
00003f8000
000146d656
1730000040

Triaxial Lab Test Data

Another feature of RocLab, is the ability to input triaxial lab test data
(sigma1 / sigma3 data pairs), in order to determine the intact rock
parameters sigci and mi. This is done as follows:
1. Select the Use Lab Data option from the Analysis menu or the
toolbar.
2. The data can be entered in a spreadsheet, or imported from a file, as
shown in the dialog below.
3. A curve fit is then performed on the data, using the MarquardtLevenberg fitting technique, and values of sigci and mi are
obtained.
4. After entering the data, select OK in the dialog, and the calculated
values of
ffd8ffe000104a4649460001020100ba00ba0000ffe20c58
sigci and
4943435f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f0210
mi will be
00006d6e74725247422058595a2007ce00020009000600
used to
310000616373704d534654000000004945432073524742
calculate
0000000000000000000000000000f6d6000100000000d3
the Hoek2d48502020000000000000000000000000000000000000
Brown
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
strength
0000000000001163707274000001500000003364657363
000001840000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707
400000204000000147258595a000002180000001467585
95a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014646
d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c4000000887
67565640000034c0000008676696577000003d40000002
46c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c000000
2474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000
080c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c000
0080c7465787400000000436f7079726967687420286329
2031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b6172642043
6f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012735247
422049454336313936362d322e31000000000000000000
000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00
parameters and failure envelopes.

Obtaining actual values of sigci and mi from triaxial lab test data, is of
course always recommended, if such data is available. It should be
emphasized that a large number of test results is not always
necessary, and good results can be obtained from a relatively small
number of data points (eg. 6 or 7 triaxial tests).
If triaxial lab data is not available, values of sigci and mi can always
be estimated in RocLab, using the Pick dialogs described previously.

ffd8ffe0001
04a4649460
0010201006
100600000ff
e20c584943
435f50524f4
6494c45000
10100000c4
84c696e6f0
21000006d6
e747252474 Example 1 Tunnel, undisturbed (D = 0)
22058595a2
007ce00020 Consider an undisturbed in situ rock mass surrounding a tunnel at a
0090006003 ffd8ffe000104a4649460001 depth of 100 meters, with the following
1000061637 0201008c008c0000ffe20c58 Hoek-Brown classification parameters.
3704d53465 4943435f50524f46494c4500
4000000004 010100000c484c696e6f0210
9454320735 00006d6e747252474220585
2474200000 95a2007ce00020009000600 Enter this data in the sidebar input data area.
0000000000 310000616373704d5346540 Also, enter the following data to determine the
0000000000 00000004945432073524742 Failure Envelope Range (sig3max). This is used
000f6d6000 00000000000000000000000 for the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb calculation:
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010
100000000d 00000f6d6000100000000d3
201007c007c0000ffe20c58494
32d4850202 2d485020200000000000000
0000000000 3435f50524f46494c45000101
00000000000000000000000
0000000000 00000c484c696e6f021000006
00000000000000000000000 Now press Compute.
0000000000 d6e74725247422058595a200
00000000000000000000000
ffd8ffe000104a464946000102010
0000000000 7ce0002000900060031000061
00000000000011637072740 The resulting output will be displayed in
07900790000ffe20c584943435f505
0000000000 6373704d5346540000000049
00001500000003364657363 the sidebar, and the failure envelopes
24f46494c4500010100000c484c69
0000000000 454320735247420000000000
000001840000006c7774707
6e6f021000006d6e7472524742205 will be calculated.
0000000000 000000000000000000f6d6000
4000001f000000014626b70
8595a2007ce000200090006003100
0000000000 100000000d32d48502020000
74000002040000001472585 Notice the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb
00616373704d5346540000000049
parameters which have been calculated:
0000000000 000000000000000000000000
95a00000218000000146758
4543207352474200000000000000
000000000000000000000000
0000011637 00000000000000f6d600010000000
595a0000022c00000014625
0727400000 000000000000000000000000
8595a000002400000001464
0d32d48502020000000000000000
1500000003 000000000000000000011637
6d6e6400000254000000706
0000000000000000000000000000
The envelope corresponding to these
3646573630 072740000015000000033646
46d6464000002c400000088
0000000000000000000000000000
parameters, can be viewed on the plots, by
0000184000 57363000001840000006c777
0000000000000000000000011637
767565640000034c0000008
47074000001f000000014626b
0006c77747 0727400000150000000336465736
676696577000003d4000000 selecting the Mohr-Coulomb strength
074000001f 707400000204000000147258
3000001840000006c777470740000
246c756d69000003f8000000 envelope option, from the toolbar or the
Analysis menu.
0000000146 595a00000218000000146758
01f000000014626b7074000002040
146d6561730000040c00000
26b7074000 595a0000022c0000001462585
00000147258595a0000021800000
02474656368000004300000
0020400000 95a0000024000000014646d6
0146758595a0000022c0000001462
000c725452430000043c000
0147258595 e640000025400000070646d6
58595a0000024000000014646d6e
0080c675452430000043c00
a000002180 464000002c40000008876756
640000025400000070646d646400
00080c625452430000043c0
0000014675 5640000034c0000008676696
0002c400000088767565640000034
000080c7465787400000000
8595a00000 577000003d4000000246c756
c0000008676696577000003d40000
436f7079726967687420286
22c0000001 d69000003f8000000146d6561
00246c756d69000003f8000000146
3292031393938204865776c
46258595a0 730000040c00000024746563
d6561730000040c00000024746563
6574742d5061636b6172642
0000240000 68000004300000000c725452
68000004300000000c72545243000
0436f6d70616e7900006465
0043c0000080c675452430000043c
00014646d6 430000043c0000080c6754524
73630000000000000012735
0000080c625452430000043c00000
e640000025 30000043c0000080c62545243
24742204945433631393636
80c7465787400000000436f707972
4000000706 0000043c0000080c746578740
2d322e31000000000000000
6967687420286329203139393820
46d6464000 0000000436f70797269676874
00000001273524742204945
4865776c6574742d5061636b61726
002c400000 202863292031393938204865
4336313936362d322e31000
420436f6d70616e79000064657363
0887675656 776c6574742d5061636b6172
00000000000000000000000
0000000000000012735247422049
40000034c0 6420436f6d70616e790000646
00000000000000000000000
454336313936362d322e31000000
0000086766 573630000000000000012735
00000
0000000000000000127352474220
9657700000 247422049454336313936362
49454336313936362d322e310000
3d40000002 d322e3100000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000
46c756d690 000001273524742204945433
0000000000000000000000
00003f8000 6313936362d322e310000000
000146d656 000000000000000000000000
1730000040 00000000000000000000000

ffd8ffe00010
ffd8ffe0001
4a464946000
04a4649460
10201008d00
0010201008
8d0000ffe20c
d008d0000ff
584943435f50
e20c5849434
524f46494c45
35f50524f46
00010100000
494c4500010
c484c696e6f0
100000c484c
21000006d6e
696e6f02100
74725247422 To get a better look at the MC envelope, lets view only the Normal vs. Shear
0006d6e747
058595a2007 stress plot. Select the Normal vs. Shear Stress option from the Analysis menu or
2524742205 the toolbar. This will hide the principal stress plot, and show only the Normal vs
ce000200090
00600310000
8595a2007ce ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201009c009c0000ffe20c584943435f50 Shear
616373704d5
0002000900 524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e74725247422 stress plot,
34654000000
0600310000 058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d5346540000000maximized
00494543207
616373704d 049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d60001000 in the view.
35247420000 00000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000000000
5346540000
00000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000494543
00000000000 01163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000006c77747
2073524742
00f6d6000100 074000001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a00000 If you
0000000000
000000d32d4 218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000examine the
0000000000
85020200000 014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c40000008876756MC
00000000f6d
00000000000 5640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d6900000 envelope,
6000100000
00000000000 3f8000000146d6561730000040c00000024746563680000043000000 you can
00000000000 00c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c0000080c62545 graphically
000d32d485
00000000000
0202000000 2430000043c0000080c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202 confirm the
00000000000
0000000000 863292031393938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d7 calculated
00000000000
0000000000 0616e79000064657363000000000000001273524742204945433631 values of
00000000000 3936362d322e3100000000000000000000001273524742204945433 cohesion,
0000000000
00000000000 6313936362d322e3100000000000000000000000000000000000000 friction
0000000000
angle, and
00116370727 0000000000000000
0000000000
also the
40000015000
0000000000
00003364657 rock mass tensile strength sigt. The tensile strength is the negative value
0000000000
36300000184 of normal stress, at the origin of the failure envelope.
0000000000
0000006c777
0000000001
47074000001f
00000001462
1637072740
6b707400000
0000150000
20400000014
0003364657
7258595a000
3630000018
00218000000
40000006c77
146758595a0
7470740000
000022c0000
01f00000001
00146258595
4626b70740
a0000024000
0000204000
000014646d6
0001472585
e6400000254
95a0000021
00000070646
d6464000002
8000000146
c4000000887
758595a000
67565640000
0022c000000
034c0000008
146258595a
67669657700
0000024000
0003d400000
000014646d
0246c756d69
6e64000002
000003f80000
5400000070
00146d65617
646d646400
30000040c00
0002c400000
00002474656
0887675656
36800000430
0000000c725
40000034c00
45243000004
0000867669
3c0000080c6
6577000003
75452430000
d400000024

ffd8ffe0001
04a4649460
0010201006
000600000ff
e20c584943
435f50524f4
6494c45000
10100000c4
84c696e6f02
1000006d6e
7472524742 Example 2 Slope, disturbed (D = 1)
2058595a20
07ce000200 Consider a rock mass with the same basic parameters as the previous
0900060031 example, but in a highly disturbed slope of 100 meters height, with a
0000616373 disturbance factor D = 1.
704d534654 ffd8ffe000104a464946000
0000000049 10201009600960000ffe20c Enter disturbance factor D = 1.
4543207352 584943435f50524f46494c4
4742000000 500010100000c484c696e6f
0000000000 021000006d6e7472524742
Enter the following data to determine the
0000000000 2058595a2007ce00020009
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010 Failure Envelope Range (sig3max):
00f6d60001 000600310000616373704d
00000000d3 201008000800000ffe20c5849
5346540000000049454320
2d48502020 43435f50524f46494c4500010
7352474200000000000000
0000000000 100000c484c696e6f02100000
00000000000000f6d60001
Now press Compute.
0000000000 6d6e74725247422058595a20
00000000d32d4850202000
0000000000 07ce00020009000600310000
0000000000000000000000
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201
The resulting output will be displayed in
0000000000 616373704d53465400000000
0000000000000000000000
008000800000ffe20c584943435f5
494543207352474200000000
the sidebar, and the failure envelopes will
0000000000 0524f46494c4500010100000c484
0000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000f6d6
be calculated.
0000000000 c696e6f021000006d6e747252474
0000000000000000000000
0000000000 000100000000d32d48502020
0000116370727400000150
22058595a2007ce000200090006
Notice the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb
0000000000 000000000000000000000000
0000003364657363000001
00310000616373704d534654000
parameters which have been calculated:
0000000000 000000000000000000000000
000004945432073524742000000
840000006c777470740000
000000000000000000000000
0000116370 0000000000000000000000f6d600
01f000000014626b707400
7274000001 000000000000000000000011
0100000000d32d4850202000000
000204000000147258595a
5000000033 637072740000015000000033
000000000000000000000000000
0000021800000014675859
6465736300 64657363000001840000006c
000000000000000000000000000
5a0000022c000000146258
0001840000 77747074000001f000000014
000000000000000000000000000
595a000002400000001464
006c777470 626b70740000020400000014
000000001163707274000001500
6d6e640000025400000070
74000001f0 7258595a0000021800000014
000003364657363000001840000
646d6464000002c4000000
0000001462 6758595a0000022c00000014
006c77747074000001f000000014
88767565640000034c0000
6b70740000 6258595a0000024000000014
626b70740000020400000014725
008676696577000003d400
0204000000 646d6e640000025400000070
8595a0000021800000014675859
0000246c756d69000003f80
147258595a 646d6464000002c400000088
5a0000022c000000146258595a0
00000146d6561730000040
0000021800 767565640000034c00000086
000024000000014646d6e640000
c000000247465636800000
0000146758 76696577000003d400000024
025400000070646d6464000002c
4300000000c72545243000
595a000002 6c756d69000003f800000014
400000088767565640000034c00
0043c0000080c675452430
2c00000014 6d6561730000040c00000024
00008676696577000003d400000
000043c0000080c6254524
6258595a00 74656368000004300000000c
0246c756d69000003f8000000146
30000043c0000080c74657
0002400000 725452430000043c0000080c
d6561730000040c000000247465
87400000000436f7079726
0014646d6e 675452430000043c0000080c
6368000004300000000c7254524
9676874202863292031393
30000043c0000080c6754524300
6400000254 625452430000043c0000080c
938204865776c6574742d5
00043c0000080c6254524300000
0000007064 7465787400000000436f7079
061636b61726420436f6d7
43c0000080c7465787400000000
6d64640000 726967687420286329203139
0616e79000064657363000
436f707972696768742028632920
02c4000000 3938204865776c6574742d50
0000000000012735247422
31393938204865776c6574742d5
8876756564 61636b61726420436f6d7061
049454336313936362d322
061636b61726420436f6d70616e7
0000034c00 6e7900006465736300000000
e310000000000000000000
900006465736300000000000000
0000867669 000000127352474220494543
0001273524742204945433
127352474220494543363139363
6577000003 36313936362d322e31000000
6313936362d322e3100000
62d322e31000000000000000000
d400000024 000000000000000012735247
0000000000000000000000
000012735247422049454336313
6c756d6900 422049454336313936362d32
0000000000000000000000
936362d322e3100000000000000
0003f80000 2e3100000000000000000000
00000
000000000000000000000000000
00146d6561 000000000000000000000000
0000000000000
730000040c 0000000000

ffd8ffe00010
4a464946000
10201009600
960000ffe20c
584943435f50
524f46494c45
00010100000 ffd8ffe000104a4649460001020100b600b60000ffe20c584943435f5
c484c696e6f0 0524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e747252474
21000006d6e 22058595a2007ce00020009000600310000616373704d534654000
74725247422 0000049454320735247420000000000000000000000000000f6d600
058595a2007 0100000000d32d4850202000000000000000000000000000000000
ce000200090 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00600310000 000000001163707274000001500000003364657363000001840000
616373704d5 006c77747074000001f000000014626b70740000020400000014725
34654000000
8595a00000218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0
00494543207
35247420000 000024000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c
00000000000 400000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d400000
00000000000 0246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c000000247465
00f6d6000100 6368000004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c67545243000
000000d32d4 0043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c746578740000000043
85020200000 6f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574742d506
00000000000 1636b61726420436f6d70616e790000646573630000000000000012
00000000000 735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000000000000000000
00000000000 0012735247422049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000
00000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000 Compare the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb parameters and envelopes, calculated in
00000000000 Example 1 and Example 2. This demonstrates the significant effect which the
00000000000 disturbance factor D, can have on the calculated rock mass strength.
00000000000
00116370727
For information about the Disturbance Factor, see Ref. 1 section 7:
40000015000
Estimation of Disturbance Factor D.
00003364657
36300000184
0000006c777
47074000001f
00000001462
6b707400000
20400000014
7258595a000
00218000000
146758595a0
000022c0000
00146258595
a0000024000
000014646d6
e6400000254
00000070646
d6464000002
c4000000887
67565640000
034c0000008
67669657700
0003d400000
0246c756d69
000003f80000
00146d65617
30000040c00
00002474656
36800000430
0000000c725
45243000004
3c0000080c67
54524300000

Stress Sampler
The Stress Sampler option allows the user to graphically obtain the
exact stress coordinates at any point along the failure envelopes. This
is done as follows:
1. Select the Stress Sampler option from the toolbar, the right-click
menu or the Analysis menu.
2. Single click the left mouse button, at any value of sigma3 (on the
principal stress plot), or any value of normal stress (on the shearnormal stress plot).
3. The stress coordinates will be displayed, corresponding to the value
of sigma3 or normal stress, at which the mouse was clicked. A
vertical dotted line will be displayed on the plots, to mark the
location.
4. Alternatively, if you click and HOLD the left mouse button on either
of the plots, and DRAG the mouse left or right, the stress
coordinates of the failure envelopes will be continuously displayed,
as you move the mouse.
5. NOTE: if the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb envelopes are also displayed,
then
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000ffe20c58494
the
3435f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d
stress
6e74725247422058595a2007ce000200090006003100006163
73704d5346540000000049454320735247420000000000000
000000000000000f6d6000100000000d32d485020200000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000011637072740
00001500000003364657363000001840000006c7774707400
0001f000000014626b707400000204000000147258595a0000
0218000000146758595a0000022c000000146258595a000002
4000000014646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c4
00000088767565640000034c0000008676696577000003d40
00000246c756d69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c000
0002474656368000004300000000c725452430000043c00000
80c675452430000043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080
c7465787400000000436f70797269676874202863292031393
938204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e7
9000064657363000000000000001273524742204945433631
3936362d322e3100000000000000000000001273524742204
9454336313936362d322e3100000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000
coordinates of BOTH the Hoek-Brown, and equivalent Mohr-Coulomb
envelopes will be displayed.

ffd8ffe00010
4a464946000
10201006000
600000ffe20c5
84943435f505
24f46494c450
0010100000c4
84c696e6f021
000006d6e74
72524742205
8595a2007ce0 Instantaneous Mohr-Coulomb Sampler
00200090006
00310000616 The Instantaneous Mohr-Coulomb Sampler option allows the user
373704d5346 to graphically obtain the instantaneous Mohr-Coulomb parameters
54000000004 (cohesion and friction angle), at any point along the Hoek-Brown failure
94543207352 envelopes. This is done as follows:
47420000000
00000000000 1. Select the Instantaneous MC Sampler option from the toolbar, the
0000000000f6
right-click menu or the Analysis menu.
d6000100000 2. Single click the left mouse button, at any value of sigma3 (on the
000d32d4850
principal stress plot), or any value of normal stress (on the shear20200000000
normal stress plot).
00000000000 3. The instantaneous Mohr-Coulomb envelope (tangential line) will
00000000000
appear on the plots, for the value of sigma3 or normal stress, at
00000000000
which the mouse was clicked. The instantaneous values of cohesion
00000000000
and friction angle will be displayed, as well as the stress
00000000000
coordinates. A vertical dotted line will be displayed on the plots, to
00000000000
mark the location.
00000000000 4. Alternatively, if you click and HOLD the left mouse button on either
00000000001
of the plots, and DRAG the mouse left or right, the instantaneous
16370727400
Mohr-Coulomb envelope and coordinates, will be continuously
00015000000
03364657363 ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201006000600000ffe20c584943
00000184000 435f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c696e6f021000006d6e
0006c7774707 74725247422058595a2007ce000200090006003100006163737
4000001f0000 04d53465400000000494543207352474200000000000000000
00014626b70 00000000000f6d6000100000000d32d48502020000000000000
74000002040 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000147258 00000000000000000000000000000000116370727400000150
595a0000021 0000003364657363000001840000006c77747074000001f0000
80000001467 00014626b707400000204000000147258595a0000021800000
58595a00000 0146758595a0000022c000000146258595a0000024000000014
22c000000146 646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c400000088767
258595a0000 565640000034c0000008676696577000003d4000000246c756d
02400000001 69000003f8000000146d6561730000040c00000024746563680
4646d6e6400 00004300000000c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000
00025400000 043c0000080c625452430000043c0000080c746578740000000
070646d6464 0436f70797269676874202863292031393938204865776c6574
000002c40000 742d5061636b61726420436f6d70616e7900006465736300000
00887675656 00000000012735247422049454336313936362d322e3100000
40000034c000 0000000000000000012735247422049454336313936362d322
00086766965 e3100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
77000003d40 0000000
00000246c756
displayed, as you move the mouse.
d69000003f80
00000146d65
61730000040c
00000024746
56368000004
300000000c72
54524300000
43c0000080c6
75452430000
043c0000080c

ffd8ffe00010
4a464946000
10201006000
600000ffe20c5
84943435f505
24f46494c450
0010100000c4
84c696e6f021
000006d6e74
72524742205
8595a2007ce0
00200090006
00310000616
373704d5346
54000000004
94543207352
47420000000
00000000000
0000000000f6
d6000100000
000d32d4850
20200000000
00000000000
00000000000
00000000000
00000000000
00000000000
00000000000
00000000000
00000000001
16370727400
00015000000
03364657363
00000184000
0006c7774707
4000001f0000
00014626b70
74000002040
00000147258
595a0000021
80000001467
58595a00000
22c000000146
258595a0000
02400000001
4646d6e6400
00025400000
070646d6464
000002c40000
00887675656
40000034c000
00086766965
77000003d40
00000246c756
d69000003f80
00000146d65
61730000040c
00000024746
56368000004
300000000c72
54524300000
43c0000080c6
75452430000
043c0000080c

Exporting Data / Images

The RocLab analysis results and failure envelope plots, can be
exported to other programs for report writing, further analysis, etc.
This can be done in various ways.
The Copy Data option in the sidebar or the Edit menu, will copy the
contents of the sidebar (ie. all input and output parameters) to the
clipboard. From the clipboard, this can be pasted into a word
processor or spreadsheet. This provides a handy analysis summary.
The Copy option in the toolbar or the Edit menu, will copy an image
of the current failure envelope which is displayed, to the clipboard.
From the clipboard, this can be pasted into reports or image editing
programs, etc.
The failure envelope plots can also be saved directly to a JPEG or BMP
image file, with the Export Image File option. This is available in
the File menu, or the right click menu.

One Click Export to Excel

The most powerful data export feature is the following with a single
mouse click, all data AND plots can be exported to Microsoft Excel. To
do this:
1. Select the Export to Excel toolbar button.
2. If you have Excel installed on your computer, the Excel program will
be automatically started, and all analysis input and output data will
be exported to an Excel spreadsheet.
3. Failure envelope plots will then be generated in Excel.
4. This all takes place with a single mouse click !!!
Note that the plots which are generated in Excel, correspond to the
failure envelope plot(s) which you are currently viewing. For example, if
you are only viewing the shear-normal plot, then only the shear-normal
data and plot, will be generated in Excel. If you are viewing both plots
(principal stress and shear-normal), then both plots will be generated in
Excel. Also, if the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb envelope is displayed, this
will also be plotted in Excel. Finally, note that the number of data
points used to create each failure envelope, is controlled in the
Display Options dialog in RocLab.

ffd8ffe000104
ffd8ffe0001
a46494600010
04a4649460
201006000600
0010201006
000ffe20c5849
000600000ff
43435f50524f4
e20c5849434
6494c4500010
35f50524f46
100000c484c6
494c4500010
96e6f02100000
100000c484c
6d6e74725247
696e6f02100
422058595a20
0006d6e747 Display Options
07ce00020009
2524742205
000600310000
8595a2007ce The appearance of the Failure Envelope plots may be customized with
616373704d53
0002000900 Display Options, zooming, and other options.
465400000000
0600310000
494543207352
Display Options is available in the toolbar, the View menu, and also
616373704d
474200000000
in the right-click
5346540000
000000000000 ffd8ffe000104a46494600010201008400840000ffe
menu (if you
0000494543
00000000f6d60 20c584943435f50524f46494c4500010100000c484c
right-click the
2073524742
00100000000d 696e6f021000006d6e74725247422058595a2007ce
mouse
0000000000
32d485020200 00020009000600310000616373704d534654000000
anywhere in the
004945432073524742000000000000000000000000
0000000000
000000000000
Failure
0000f6d6000100000000d32d485020200000000000
00000000f6d
000000000000
Envelope
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
6000100000
000000000000
display area).
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000d32d485
000000000000 116370727400000150000000336465736300000184
0202000000
000000000000 0000006c77747074000001f000000014626b707400
000000000000 000204000000147258595a00000218000000146758
0000000000
000000000000
0000000000 595a0000022c000000146258595a00000240000000
000000000116 14646d6e640000025400000070646d6464000002c4 Most of the Display
0000000000
370727400000 00000088767565640000034c000000867669657700 Options are self0000000000
150000000336
0000000000 0003d4000000246c756d69000003f8000000146d65 explanatory, and it is
465736300000 61730000040c000000247465636800000430000000 left to the user to
0000000000
experiment with the
1840000006c7
0000000000 0c725452430000043c0000080c675452430000043c
options. However, we
774707400000
0000000000 0000080c625452430000043c0000080c7465787400 will note the purpose
1f00000001462
0000000001 000000436f70797269676874202863292031393938 of the following
6b7074000002
1637072740 204865776c6574742d5061636b61726420436f6d70 options:
040000001472 616e79000064657363000000000000001273524742
0000150000
58595a000002 2049454336313936362d322e310000000000000000
0003364657 00000012735247422049454336313936362d322e31
180000001467
3630000018 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Mogis Line
58595a000002
40000006c77
Mogis Line defines
2c0000001462 000000000000
the ratio of major
7470740000
58595a000002
and minor effective principal stresses at which there is a transition
01f00000001
400000001464
from brittle to ductile failure. This line is simply defined by sig1/sig3 =
4626b70740
6d6e64000002
3.4, and is plotted as a green line on the principal stress plot, when the
0000204000
540000007064
Mogis Line option is selected in the Display Options dialog.
0001472585
6d6464000002
95a0000021
c40000008876 If the principal stress failure envelope lies ABOVE Mogis line, this
8000000146
756564000003
indicates a brittle failure mode.
758595a000
4c0000008676 If the principal stress failure envelope lies BELOW Mogis line, this
0022c000000
696577000003
indicates a ductile failure mode. This may occur with low values of
146258595a
d4000000246c
GSI, for example.
756d69000003f
0000024000
8000000146d6
000014646d
561730000040
6e64000002
c00000024746
5400000070
563680000043
646d646400
00000000c725
0002c400000
452430000043
0887675656
c0000080c675
40000034c00
452430000043
0000867669
c0000080c625
6577000003
452430000043
d400000024

ffd8ffe0001
04a4649460
0010201005
f005f0000ffe
20c5849434
35f50524f46
494c450001
0100000c48
4c696e6f021
000006d6e7
4725247422
058595a200
7ce0002000
9000600310
0006163737
04d5346540
0000000494
5432073524
7420000000
0000000000
0000000000
0f6d600010
0000000d32
d485020200
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0001163707
2740000015
0000000336
4657363000
0018400000
06c7774707
4000001f00
0000014626
b707400000
2040000001
47258595a0
0000218000
0001467585
95a0000022
c000000146
258595a000
0024000000
014646d6e6
4000002540
0000070646
d646400000
2c40000008
8767565640
000034c000
0008676696
577000003d
4000000246
c756d69000
003f800000
0146d65617
30000040c0

Zoom Extents
The Zoom Extents option will automatically scale the axes of the
failure envelopes, so that all possible failure envelopes, for the current
value of sigci, will be visible on the plot.
This corresponds to maximum values of GSI (= 100) and mi ( = 40).
1. To demonstrate this, select the Zoom Extents option.
2. Use the interactive arrow buttons, to increase the value of GSI to
100, and the value of mi to 40.
3. Observe the failure envelope plots. When GSI = 100 and mi = 40,
the extent of the principal stress envelope will correspond to the
maximum extent automatically calculated by the Zoom Extents
option.
You may find the Zoom Extents option useful for interactive
demonstration of parameter changes on the failure envelope.

ffd8ffe0001
04a4649460
0010201006
100600000ff
e20c584943
435f50524f4
6494c45000
10100000c4
84c696e6f0
21000006d6
e747252474
22058595a2
007ce00020
1. Hoek, E., Carranza-Torres, C.T., and Corkum, B. (2002),
0090006003
Hoek-Brown failure criterion 2002 edition. Proc. North
1000061637
American Rock Mechanics Society meeting in Toronto in
3704d53465
July 2002.
4000000004
2.
Hoek,
E and Diederichs, M.S. (2006), Empirical estimation of
9454320735
rock
mass
modulus. International Journal of Rock
2474200000
Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 43, 203215
0000000000
3.
Hoek,
Evert, (2006), A Brief History of the Hoek-Brown
0000000000
Failure
Criterion, unpublished document.
000f6d6000
100000000d
32d4850202 4. Hoek, Evert, Practical Rock Engineering An Ongoing Set of
0000000000 Notes, available on the Rocscience website, www.rocscience.com
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000011637
0727400000
1500000003
3646573630
0000184000
0006c77747
074000001f
0000000146
26b7074000
0020400000
0147258595
a000002180
0000014675
8595a00000
22c0000001
46258595a0
0000240000
00014646d6
e640000025
4000000706
46d6464000
002c400000
0887675656
40000034c0
0000086766
9657700000
3d40000002
46c756d690
00003f8000
000146d656
1730000040

References