STAT 111 FINAL REVIEW SHEET

ANSWERS
Assist.Prof.Dr.R.Serkan Albayrak-Yaar University

1. Let X be a discrete random variable with the following probability distribution. x 0 2 3 10 a. Find P(X=10) P(X=10)=13/48 b. Compute the mean of the distribution. =57/16 c. Compute the standard deviation of the distribution. x 0 2 3 10 P(x) 0.333333 0.333333 0.0625 0.270833 x.P(x) 0 0.666667 0.1875 2.708333 3.5625 ( ) 12.69141 2.441406 0.316406 41.44141 ( ) ( ) 4.230469 0.813802 0.019775 11.22371 16.28776 P(x) 1/3 1/3 1/16 --

4.03581

d. Draw the probability histogram.

P(x)
0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0 2 3 10

2. Consider a game where four dices are rolled. Construct a probability distribution on the number fives observed on the faces of dices. Find the mean and the standard deviation of the probability distribution. Solution: This is a binomial experiment. x 0 1 2 3 4 P(x) 0.482253 0.385802 0.115741 0.015432 0.000772 x.P(x) 0 0.385802 0.231481 0.046296 0.003086 0.666667 ( ) and ( ) ( )

0.4489 0.1089 1.7689 5.4289 11.0889

0.216483 0.042014 0.204734 0.083779 0.008556 0.555567 0.745363

3. A bag contains 6 red balls and 4 black balls. If we draw 5 balls with each one replaced before the next is drawn, what is the probability that AT LEAST 2 BALLS drawn will be red? (ANS=0.91296) 4. A recent survey found that 60% of the university students in Izmir are connected to the internet. a. Find the probability that a randomly selected 6 students are not connected. (ANS=0.004096) b. Find the probability that only one of a randomly selected 6 students is not connected.(ANS=0.186624) c. Find the probability that at least one of a randomly selected 6 students is not connected.(ANS=0.953344) d. Find the probability that at most two of a randomly selected 6 students are not connected. (ANS=0.54432) 5. An automobile repair garage analyzes regularly the daily number of customers (that is, the daily number of cars brought for inspection), in order to be able to react to new circumstances immediately. Car arrivals in November were:
date Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 weekday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday number 43 23 0 42 30 22 30 30 34 16 date Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 weekday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday number 45 39 28 35 22 34 11 42 22 34 date Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 weekday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday number 28 26 26 3 27 26 34 31 28 31

a. Compute the mean, median and mode. Mean=28.07, Median=29, Mode=34

b. Create a frequency table with 7 classes. Class Width=(45-0)/7=6.428571 7 Lower 0 7 14 21 28 35 42 Upper 6 13 20 27 34 41 48 Frequency Rel. Freq 2 1 1 8 12 2 4 0,06667 0,03333 0,03333 0,26667 0,4 0,06667 0,13333 Cum Freq 2 3 4 12 24 26 30 Class Boundaries -0.5-6.5 6.5-13.5 13.5-20.5 20.5-27.5 27.5-34.5 34.5-41.5 41.5-48.5 MidPoint 3 10 17 24 31 38 45

Histogram of datam c. Draw a histogram. Locate mean, median and mode on the chart.
12 Frequency 0 2 4 6 8 10

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20

30

40

50

datam d. Comment on the shape. Almost symmetric. A little bit skewed to the left. e. Find IQR. Q1=23 and Q3=34 so IQR=11 f. Draw box plot.

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20

30

40

g. Variance of the data is 111,65. Calculate variance from the frequency table (grouped data).

MidPoint

Frequency 3 2 10 1 17 1 24 8 31 12 38 2 45 4

xf 6 10 17 192

x-xbar

(x-xbar)2

(x-xbar)2*f

-25,4333 646,8544 1293,70889 -18,4333 339,7878 339,787778 -11,4333 130,7211 130,721111 -4,43333 19,65444 157,235556

372 2,566667 6,587778 79,0533333 76 9,566667 91,52111 183,042222 180 16,56667 274,4544 1097,81778 Sum Freq 30 Sum xf 853 Gr.Mean 28,43333333 Sum (x-xbar)2*f 3281,366667 Gr Variance 113,1505747

h. Apply and check 68-95-99.7 rules on the data set (Use variance=111,65). Mean = 28.7 and Standard Dev=10.56646 68 Rule says that 68% of the data is within (28.7-10.56646 , 28.7+10.56646) =(18.13354 , 39.26646) We have 30 data in total so, 20.4 of them (20 or 21 is acceptable) should be within this interval. There are 23 observations in this interval. There is an error! Do the same thing for other rules as well. 6. In eme Highway a car travels as follows: Distance Speed 10 km 15 km 10 km 40 km What is the average speed of the car? Distance 10 km 15 km 10 km 40 km Total: Speed Weight W. Sums 20 24 9,333333 53,33333 150 km/hr 120 km/hr 70 km/hr 100 km/hr

150 km/hr 0,133333 120 km/hr 0,2 70 km/hr 0,133333 100 km/hr 0,533333

75 km

106,6667

7. A dataset stores the following information of 5868 customers of a bank. Determine the level of each variable.

Solution: Deficit: Nominal, Age:Ratio, M.Status:Nominal, Edu: Ordinal, Econ.act: Nominal, Urban: Nominal, Stability: Nominal, CellPhone: Ordinal 8. The mean age of academic staff in Yaar Universitesi is 43 and the standard deviation of their ages is 6. How much is the percentage of teachers who are between 25 to 61 years old? Solution: 43-25=18=3xstandard deviation. So the answer is 99.7% (One can use Chebyshev as well. Answer then would be at least 88,88%) 9. A nationwide test taken by high school sophomores and juniors has three sections, each scored on a scale of 20 to 80. In a recent year the national mean score for the writing section was 51.2. Based on this information, complete the following statements about distribution of the scores on the writing section for the recent year. a. According to Chebyshev's theorem, at least _

84__% of the scores lie 9.2___."

within 2.5 standard deviations of the mean, 51.2. b. Suppose the distribution is bell shaped. If approximately 99.7% of the scores lie between 23.6 and 78.8, then the approximate value of the standard deviation for the distribution, according to the empirical rule is _ Solution: To find 84%: k=2.5 so k2=6.25 and 1/k2 = 0.16 then 1-0.16 makes 84% To find 9.2 : 51.2-23.6=27.6=3xstandard dev So standard dev=9.2 10. Comment on the shape of a distribution with a mean of 17 and a median of 12. Solution: Right skewed. 11. If the dataset that consists of 10 observations has a mean of 5. Compute the new mean when we add another observation that has value of 6. Solution: Sum of observations is 5x10=50. When we add this observation sum becomes 56. But we now have 11 observations. 56/11=5.0909 is the new mean. 12. Number of late arrivals to statistic lectures for the last five weeks is 1,3,2,3,5. Calculate mean and variance. Mean:2.8, Variance=2.2

13. Midterm grades of BUSN 320 has a bell shape and therefore 68-95-99,7 rules (Empirical Rule) are applicable. If the minimum score 10 and the maximum score is 100. a. What is the average score. b. Calculate 68-95-99,7 rules. Solution: Since all scores are within 10 and 100 we can safely argue that this interval corresponds to 99,7 RULE. So, 10 = Mean 3xStDev 100=Mean + 3xStDev Therefore Mean=55 and StDev=15 Do b. on your own! 14. You catch and measure the length of 13 fish. Draw the boxplot for the lengths of the fishes. Are there any outliers? Lengths (cm): 12,13,5,8,9,27,16,14,14,6,9,12,12

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15

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25
Max. 27.00

Min. 1st Qu. Median 5.00 9.00 12.00 IQR=14-9=5 1.5*IQR=7.5 Q3+7.5<27 So 27 is an outlier.

Mean 3rd Qu. 12.08 14.00

15. Historically, schools in a Dekalb County close 3 days each year, due to snow. What is the probability that schools in Dekalb County will close for 4 days next year?

16. An expert typist makes, on average, 2 typing errors every 5 pages. What is the probability that the typist will make at most 5 errors on the next fifteen pages?

17. On average, 0.15% of the nails manufactured at a factory are known to be defective. If a random sample of 400 nails is inspected, what is the probability of there being no more than 3 defective nails?

18. Customers arrive at a bank branch with a rate of 120 per hour. What is the probability of AT LEAST 2 customers arriving in 3 minutes?

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19. In a recent survey conducted to 240 university students in zmir, 200 students answered that they use online resources for their projects. For a randomly selected group of 12 students, a. What is the probability that exactly 10 students use online resources?

b. What is the probability that at most 10 students use online resources? c. What is the expected (mean) value of students that use internet? d. Find standard deviation of the number of students that use online resources.