COLLEGE OF

ENGINEERING

Department of Civil & Geological Engineering

CE 463.3 Advanced Structural Analysis Lab 1 Introduction to SAP2000

January 11th, 2012 T.A: Ouafi Saha Objectives: Give an over view of the basic commands of SAP2000 Use of SAP2000 to solve various structural problems Give the ability to continue a self-learning process Professor: M. Boulfiza

1. Introduction to Computation in Engineering:

Conceptual Design Modelling Physical, Mathematical, Computational Operational and Economical Simulation Experimental, Analytical and Computational Analysis Listing, Photography, Computer graphics and Virtual reality Design Prototyping Testing Fabrication

Engineering process from Conceptual idea to Fabrication (The Finite Element Method A Practical Course. by G.R. Liu, S.S. Quek)

2. Computation Hardware tool: Input Central Unit Output Simplified scheme for Computer

3. Computation Software tool: Pre-Processor Import, Interactive Processor Interpretation of data, Detection of Errors, Formation of Sys. Eq., Solve Sys., Iteration Post-Processor Visualization, Design Simplified scheme of a computer software

4. SAP2000: SAP2000 is a program based on Finite Element Method (FEM). It is one of a long list of software package having the FEM as their kernel. A non-exhaustive list is available at this address: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_finite_element_software_packages The program is edited by a company named CSI (Computer and Structure Inc.) founded in 1975. The very first version of SAP was SAP, SOLIDSAP and SAP IV. With the advent of PC computers, SAP was released in two major versions SAP80 and SAP90, basically these two versions and the previous ones was based on TEXT input and output interface. In 1996 the first version of SAP2000 was released, it had an integrated graphical user interface working completely under Microsoft Windows. The choice of SAP2000 software is mainly due to its civil engineering orientation and to its relative ease of use. SAP2000 has an integrated graphical user interface similar to some older version of Autocads interface. Various documentation and tutorials are available: Built-in help and PDF documentation. http://www.csiberkeley.com/sap2000/watch-and-learn google or youtube sap2000 tutorial leads to plenty of documents and videos, but try to start with easiest ones.

5. Basic Steps to Solve a Structural Problem using SAP2000: 1. Start-up by choosing units, setting up grids or by choosing a model from the library 2. Define materials, elements properties, loading patterns, analysis cases and combinations 3. Draw the model using the powerful graphic interface and selection and editing tools 4. Assign displacement boundary conditions (supports) 5. Assign loads (forces, moment, displacement, pressure, temperature) 6. SOLVE system, use simplification if possible 7. Display Output in graphic and/or tabular form 8. Analyze results

6. Examples: 6.1. Simply supported beam http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrYnpP2vDp0

Units kN, m, C Material Concrete, Section 30x50cm2, each segment is 1.5m, Two possible ways to model Steps: Start SAP2000 by using: ie http://www.engr.usask.ca/vdi/, or save-as the link and execute it. Login using your nsid. Choose New model > select appropriate units and click on grid only

In the next dialog box enter the appropriate values

3

Close 3D window and choose

view for the 2D view

Select Define > Section Porpertires > Frame Sections then click on Add New Properties

Select Concrete and Rectangular section

Name the section Beam and enter 0.5 as Depth and 0.3 as Width Click on Ok twice To remember Load Pattern as five consecutive elements, starting from the origin to each next key point, make Draw the Beam sure the section in the flying box is Beam. End drawing by esc or double click.

Select Node B, Assign > Joint > Restraints then select Select Node F, Assign > Joint > Restraints then select Try a quick run Select Element A-B, Assign > Frame Loads > Distributed enter 15 in Uniform Load Select Element B-C, Assign > Frame Loads > Distributed enter 15 in Uniform Load

Select Node D, Assign > Joint Loads > Forces enter -45 in Force Global Z Select Node E, Assign > Joint Loads > Forces enter -22.5 in Force Global Z

Before Solving take a look at the final configuration, particularly Loading Menu Display > Show Load Assigns > Frame/Cable/Tendon The screen should show the beam like this

Our beam can be treated in two dimensions 3DOF system. This can considerably reduce the size of the problem for a high number of node problems. Menu Analyze > Set Analysis Options Click on Plane Frame You can see that the only active DOFs available are the two translations X and Z and one rotation RY.

Now we can run the Analysis

or F5 or Menu > Analysis > Run Analysis

Make sure to turn off the analysis of Modal Case Click on Run Now You will be prompted to save your work if it has not been done yet Its recommended to save your work in a regular basis

Its time to analyze our results and to decide if they are acceptable or need to be reviewed in some way. Neglect self-weight http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xajE-OhAut8 Check deformed shape, Support reactions Internal forces and moments

6.2. Continuous Beam

Unit conversion possibility Loading pattern possibilities Support local axis rotation Displacement loading

6.3. Simple Frame with Complicated loading

3 t/m 4t 60 3.0 2 t/m 4t 1.5 1.5 2.5 l/2 4.0 l/2 55 25 6.0 5.0 3.0 5t 125 15 6 t.m 25

Section possibilities Axis Visualization Local and global axis