Factors Affecting Investors Preference For Mutual Funds in India

FACTORS AFFECTING INVESTORS PREFERENCE FOR MUTUAL FUNDS IN INDIA
SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROGRAMME INTERIM REPORT ON FACTORS AFFECTING INVESTORS PREFERENCE FOR MUTUAL FUNDS IN INDIA
Submitted by:
NILAMADHAV SAMAL 08BS0001995

CONTENTS
Abstract 3 Objective 4 Limitation 5 Company profile 6 Introduction 6 Credit Rating 6 Products and services 6 Mahindra Fin Smart : Investment Advisory Services 7 Investments 8 Investment Needs 8 Choosing the Right Investment Option 10 Investment Options in India 12 Mutual Funds 16 Organization 18 Regulatory Authorities 20 Types Of Mutual Funds 21 Advantages / Disadvantages of Mutual Funds 26 History 28 Analysis of a fund/scheme. 31 Further Scope of StudyAnalysis of a fund/scheme with examples Comparative analysis of different investment Options Market Survey 34
Research Methodology 34 Sample Selection 36 Demographic analysis of Investment patterns 37 Further Scope of the study 42 Factors(Intrinsic and Environmental) affecting selection of a scheme 43 Further Scope of Study 44 Influence of Product Qualities on Scheme Selection 45 Further Scope of Study 47 Influence of Fund Sponsor Qualities on Scheme Selection Influence of Investor Services on Scheme Selection Suggestions Conclusion Annexure I 48 References 52
ABSTRACT
The project contains the brief description of the mutual fund industry in general. It also includes the study and comparison of other investment products available in the market like Insurance plans, ULIP, Mutual Funds, Savings account, Provident funds, Postal savings and Fixed Deposits and Stocks available in the market. A survey was conducted to gather primary data to judge the factors that influence investors before they invest in any of the investment tools and thus the first part of the paper scrutinizes the investors perception and analyzes the relation between the features of the products and the investors requirements. With this back ground an attempt has been made in this paper to categorize investors based on various demographic factors such as age, sex, income level and occupation. The second part of the paper deals exclusively in Mutual Funds. It is widely believed that MF is a retail product designed to target small investors, salaried people and others who are intimidated by the stock market but, nevertheless, like to reap the benefits of stock market investing. At the retail level, investors are unique and are a highly heterogeneous group. Hence, designing products that are customer tailored to the different needs is important. Currently (as on 23/3/2009) there are more than 2500 schemes with varied objectives and AMCs are competing against each other by launching new products or repositioning old ones. MF industry today is facing competition not only from within the industry but also from other financial products that provide many of the same economic functions as mutual funds but are not strictly MFs. Thus the second part of the paper attempts to study the factors influencing the fund/scheme selection behavior of Retail Investors who invest in Mutual funds.
OBJECTIVE
To categorize investors as being inclined towards investment products based on certain characteristic such as sex, age, academic qualifications, marital status, occupation, annual income etc. In order to examine the issues raised above, this paper has the following objectives before it : 1) To understand the savings avenue preference among MF investors 2) To identify the features the investors look for in Mutual Fund products 3) To identify the scheme preference of investors 4) To identify the factors that influences the investors fund/scheme selection 5) To identify the information sources influencing the scheme selection decision. This paper shall also look into the brief history of mutual funds industry in India; try to classify them according to the various schemes and products offered. It shall also provide a comparative analysis between different types of mutual funds in India and between mutual funds and other investment products.
LIMITATIONS
i) Sample size was limited to 100 investors who have invested through Mahindra only. The sample size may not adequately represent the national market. ii) This study shall not been conducted over an extended period of time considering both market ups and downs. The market state has a significant influence on the buying patterns and preferences of investors.. The study cannot capture such situations. iii) The study shall take into account the preferences of investors who have invested in schemes offered by the distributor services of Mahindra only. As such there will be a element of biasness in the study.
COMPANY PROFILE
MAHINDRA AND MAHINDRA FINANCIAL SERVICES LTD.
Mahindra and Mahindra Financial Services Limited is one of Indias leading non-banking finance companies focused on the rural and semi-urban sector providing finance for utility vehicles, tractors and cars with largest network of branches covering these areas. It is a subsidiary of M&M, a leading tractor and UV manufacturer with over 60 years experience in the Indian market. The Company was incorporated on 1st January, 1991 as Maxi Motors Financial Services Limited and received Certificate of Commencement of Business on 19th February, 1991. The name has been changed to Mahindra
& Mahindra Financial Services Limited and Fresh Certificate of Incorporation was received on 3rd November, 1992. Credit Rating: Credit Rating Information Services Limited (CRISIL) has reviewed the performance of the Company and reaffirms FAA for Fixed Deposit program and AA for Long term Debt and P1+ for Short term Debt. Company has also been awarded Ind AA+ rating by Duff & Phelps (DCR) for the Rs.50 crores Long Term Non- Convertible Debentures. Products & Services It provides financial loans to tractors, utility vehicles, light commercial vehicles, cars, two wheelers, three-wheelers and used vehicles. Its services include Mutual Fund distributions and financial advisory services also.
In May 2004, as a supplement to its lending business it started an insurance broking business through its wholly owned subsidiary, Mahindra Insurance Brokers Limited (MIBL). Mahindra Finance has already started distributing insurance products in rural and semi urban India through its subsidiary Mahindra Insurance Brokers Limited. It has also recently commenced its mutual fund distribution business and are exploring opportunities of entering housing loans and personal loans in rural and semi urban markets. It believes that the growth of their interactive, people-driven business model depends on the building of strong, long-term personal relationships. This coupled with superior knowledge of rural markets, and the ability to tailor products, positions the company well to continue to meet rural and semi-urban credit needs and provide competitive, flexible and speedy lending services. MAHINDRA FINANCE - FINSMART: INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES Now Mahindra finance has started its new venture named Mahindra Finance- FinSmart which is an investment advisory services provider. It provides financial planning solutions to customers by which they can get all those things which they want to achieve. And as in todays scenario Mutual Funds is the best available investment option so it deals in MFs. Its planners tell people for how long and how much money they have to invest in MFs. In just over three years since its launch, it have strongly cemented its position as a leading player in industry based on its pioneering strategy i.e., Where your Investment Matters and not its size.
INVESTMENTS
Savings form an important part of the economy of any nation. With the
savings invested in various options available to the people, the money acts as the driver for growth of the country. Indian financial scene too presents a plethora of avenues to the investors. Though certainly not the best or deepest of markets in the world, it has reasonable options for an ordinary man to invest his savings. An investment can be described as perfect if it satisfies all the needs of all investors. So, the starting point in searching for the perfect investment would be to examine investor needs. If all those needs are met by the investment, then that investment can be termed the perfect investment. Most investors and advisors spend a great deal of time understanding the merits of the thousands of investments available in India. Little time, however, is spent understanding the needs of the investor and ensuring that the most appropriate investments are selected for him.
The Investment Needs of an Investor

By and large, most investors have eight common needs from their investments: 1. Security of Original Capital; 2. Wealth Accumulation; 3. Comfort Factor; 4. Tax Efficiency; 5. Life Cover; 6. Income; 7. Simplicity; 8. Ease of Withdrawal; 9. Communication. Security of original capital: The chance of losing some capital has been a primary need. This is perhaps the strongest need among investors in India, who have suffered regularly due to failures of the financial system.
Wealth accumulation: This is largely a factor of investment performance, including both short-term performance of an investment and long-term performance of a portfolio. Wealth accumulation is the ultimate measure of the success of an investment decision. Comfort factor: This refers to the peace of mind associated with an investment. Avoiding discomfort is probably a greater need than receiving comfort. Reputation plays an important part in delivering the comfort factor. Tax efficiency: Legitimate reduction in the amount of tax payable is an important part of the Indian psyche. Every rupee saved in taxes goes towards wealth accumulation. Life Cover: Many investors look for investments that offer good return with adequate life cover to manage the situations in case of any eventualities. Income: This refers to money distributed at intervals by an investment, which are usually used by the investor for meeting regular expenses. Income needs tend to be fairly constant because they are related to lifestyle and are well understood by investors. Simplicity: Investment instruments are complex, but investors need to understand what is being done with their money. A planner should
also deliver simplicity to investors. Ease of withdrawal: This refers to the ability to invest long term but withdraw funds when desired. This is strongly linked to a sense of
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ownership. It is normally triggered by a need to spend capital, change investments or cater to changes in other needs. Access to a long-term investment at short notice can only be had at a substantial cost. Communication: This refers to informing and educating investors about the purpose and progress of their investments. The need to communicate increases when investments are threatened. Security of original capital is more important when performance falls. Performance is more important when investments are performing well. Failures engender a desire for an increase in the comfort factor. Perfect investment would have been achieved if all the above-mentioned needs had been met to satisfaction. But there is always a trade-off involved in making investments. As long as the investment strategy matches the needs of investor according to the priority assigned to them, he should be happy. The Ideal Investment strategy should be a customized one for each investor depending on his risk-return profile, his satisfaction level, his income, and his expectations. Accurate planning gives accurate results. And for that there must be an efficient and trustworthy roadmap to achieve the ultimate goal of wealth maximization. Choosing the Right Investment Options After understanding the concept of investment, the investors would like to know how to go about the task of investment, how much to invest at any
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moment and when to buy or sell the securities, This depends on investment process as investment policy, investment analysis, valuation of securities, portfolio construction and portfolio evaluation and revision. Every investor tries to derive maximum economic advantage from his investment activity. For evaluating an investment avenues are based upon the rate of return, risk and uncertainty, capital appreciation, marketability, tax advantage and convenience of investment. The following Table should give the clear picture relating to the investors investment decisions in various financial market instruments. The choice of the best investment options will depend on personal circumstances as well as general market conditions. For example, a good investment for a long-term retirement plan may not be a good investment for higher education expenses. In most cases, the right investment is a balance of three things: Liquidity, Safety and Return.
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Investment Options in India
Fixed Deposits They cover the fixed deposits of varied tenors offered by the commercial banks and other non-banking financial institutions. These are generally a low risk prepositions as the commercial banks are believed to return the amount due without default. By and large these FDs are the preferred choice of risk-averse Indian investors who rate safety of capital & ease of investment above all parameters. Largely, these investments earn a marginal rate of return of 6-8% per annum.
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Government Bonds The Central and State Governments raise money from the market through a variety of Small Saving Schemes like national saving certificates, Kisan Vikas Patra, Post Office Deposits, Provident Funds, etc. These schemes are risk free as the government does not default in payments. But the interest rates offered by them are in the range of 7% 9%. Money-back insurance - Insurance in India is mostly sold and bought as investment products. They are preferred because of their add-on benefits like financial life-cover, tax-savings and satisfactory returns. Even if one does not manage to save money and invest regularly in financial instruments, with insurance, the policyholder has no choice. If he does not pay his premiums on time, his insurance cover will lapse. Money-back Insurance schemes are used as investment avenues as they offer partial cash-back at certain intervals. This money can be utilized for childrens education, marriage, etc. Endowment Insurance These policies are term policies. Investors have to pay the premiums for a particular term, and at maturity the accrued bonus and other benefits are returned to the policyholder if he survives at maturity. Bullion Market Precious metals like gold and silver had been a safe heaven for Indian investors since ages. Besides jewellery these metals are used for investment purposes also. Since last 1 year, both Gold and Silver have highly appreciated in value both in the domestic as well as the international markets. In addition to its attributes as a store of value, the case for investing in gold revolves around the role it can play as a portfolio diversifier.
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Stock Market Indian stock markets particularly the BSE and the NSE, had been a preferred destination not only for the Indian investors but also for the Foreign investors.. Although Indian Markets had been through tough times due to various scams, but history shows that they recovered very fast. Many types of scrip had been value creators for the investors. People have earned fortunes from the stock markets, but there are people who have lost everything due to incorrect timings or selection of fundamentally weak companies.
Real Estate- Returns are almost guaranteed because property values are always on the rise due to a growing world population. Residential real estate is more than just an investment. There are more ways than ever before to profit from real estate investment. Mutual Funds - There is a collection of investors in Mutual funds that have professional fund managers that invest in the stock market collectively on behalf of investors. Mutual funds offer a better route to investing in equities for lay investors. A mutual fund acts like a professional fund manager, investing the money and passing the returns to its investors. All it deducts is a management fee and its expenses, which are declared in its offer document. Unit Linked Insurance Plans - ULIPs are remarkably alike to mutual funds in terms of their structure and functioning; premium payments made are converted into units and a net asset value (NAV) is declared for the same. In traditional insurance products, the sum assured is the corner stone; in ULIPs premium payments is the key component.
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MUTUAL FUNDS
INTRODUCTION
Mutual Funds over the years have gained immensely in their popularity. Apart from the many advantages that investing in mutual funds provide like diversification, professional management, the ease of investment process has proved to be a major enabling factor. However, with the introduction of innovative products, the world of mutual funds nowadays has a lot to offer to its investors. With the introduction of diverse options, investors needs to choose a mutual fund that meets his risk acceptance and his risk capacity levels and has similar investment objectives as the investor. With the plethora of schemes available in the Indian markets, an investors needs to evaluate and consider various factors before making an investment decision. Since not everyone has the time or inclination to invest and do the analysis himself, the job is best left to a professional. Since Indian economy is no more a closed market, and has started integrating with the world markets, external factors which are complex in nature affect us too. Factors such as an increase in short-term US interest rates, the hike in crude prices, or any major happening in Asian market have a deep impact on the Indian stock market. Although it is not possible for an individual investor to understand Indian companies and investing in such an environment, the process can become fairly time consuming. Mutual funds (whose fund managers are paid to understand these issues and whose Asset Management Company invests in research) provide an option of investing without getting lost in the complexities. Most importantly, mutual funds provide risk diversification: diversification of a portfolio is amongst the primary tenets of portfolio structuring, and a
necessary one to reduce the level of risk assumed by the portfolio holder. Most of the investors are not necessarily well qualified to apply the theories of portfolio structuring to their holdings and hence would be better off leaving that to a professional. Mutual funds represent one such option. Definition- A Mutual Fund is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who share a common financial goal. The money thus collected is then invested in capital market instruments such as shares, debentures and
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other securities. The income earned through these investments and the capital appreciation realised are shared by its unit holders in proportion to the number of units owned by them. Thus a Mutual Fund is the most suitable investment for the common man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally managed basket of securities at a relatively low cost. The flow chart below describes broadly the working of a mutual fund: Mutual Fund Operation Flow Chart The flow chart below describes broadly the working of a mutual fund:
Any capital gain or loss from such investors are passed onto the investors in the proportion of number of units held by them. The fund manager realizes gain or losses, and collect dividends or interest income The money collected from the investors is invested into shares, debentures and other securities by fund managers. Investors on a proportionate basis, get mutual fund units for the sum contributed to the pool Many Investors with common financial objectives pool their money
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ORGANISATION OF A MUTUAL FUND

There are many entities involved and the diagram below illustrates the organizational set up of a mutual fund Mutual funds Mutual fund is vehicle that facilitates a number of investors to pool their money and have it jointly managed by a professional money manager Sponsor Sponsor is the person who acting alone or in combination with another body corporate establishes a mutual fund. The Sponsor is not responsible or liable for any loss or shortfall resulting from the operation of the Schemes beyond the initial contribution made by it towards setting up of the Mutual Fund. Trustee Trustee is usually a company (corporate body) or a Board of Trustees (body of individuals). The main responsibility of the Trustee is to safeguard the interest of the unit holders and ensure that the AMC functions in the interest of investors and in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Board of
India (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996. Asset Management Company (AMC) The AMC is appointed by the Trustee as the Investment Manager of the Mutual Fund. At least 50% of the directors of the AMC are independent
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directors who are not associated with the Sponsor in any manner. The AMC must have a net worth of at least 10 crores at all times. Transfer Agent The AMC if so authorised by the Trust Deed appoints the Registrar and Transfer Agent to the Mutual Fund. The Registrar processes the application form, redemption requests and dispatches account statements to the unit holders. The Registrar and Transfer agent also handles communications with investors and updates investor records. Terms associated with a Mutual Fund Net Asset Value (NAV) - Net Asset Value is the market value of the assets of the scheme minus its liabilities. The per unit NAV is the net asset value of the scheme divided by the number of units outstanding on the Valuation Date. Sale Price- Is the price you pay when you invest in a scheme. Also called Offer Price. It may include a sales load. Repurchase Price- Is the price at which a close-ended scheme repurchases its units and it may include a back-end load. This is also called Bid Price. Redemption Price- Is the price at which open-ended schemes repurchase their units and close-ended schemes redeem their units on maturity. Such prices are NAV related. Repurchase or Back-end Load / Exit load - Is a charge collected by a scheme when it buys back the units from the unit holders. Entry load- Entry load is the commission that an investor has to pay while purchasing units of a mutual fund. This is a certain percentage that the mutual fund charges to meet its expenses. Credit Rating- Credit ratings measure a borrowers creditworthiness and helps in comparison of credit quality, this is true within a country and also
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across countries. Issuer credit rating measures the creditworthiness of the borrower including its capacity and willingness to meet financial needs.
Regulatory Authorities
To protect the interest of the investors, SEBI formulates policies and regulates the mutual funds. It notified regulations in 1993 (fully revised in 1996) and issues guidelines from time to time. MF either promoted by public or by private sector entities including one promoted by foreign entities is governed by these Regulations. SEBI approved Asset Management Company (AMC) manages the funds by making investments in various types of securities. Custodian, registered with
SEBI, holds the securities of various schemes of the fund in its custody. According to SEBI Regulations, two thirds of the directors of Trustee Company or board of trustees must be independent. The Association of Mutual Funds in India (AMFI) reassures the investors in units of mutual funds that the mutual funds function within the strict regulatory framework. Its objective is to increase public awareness of the mutual fund industry. AMFI also is engaged in upgrading professional standards and in promoting best industry practices in diverse areas such as valuation, disclosure, transparency etc.
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TYPES OF MUTUAL FUND SCHEMES BY STRUCTURE 1. Open - Ended Schemes: An open-end fund is one that is available for subscription all through the year. These do not have a fixed maturity. Investors can conveniently buy and sell units at Net Asset Value ("NAV") related prices. The key feature of open-end schemes is liquidity. 2. Close - Ended Schemes: A closed-end fund has a stipulated maturity period which generally ranging from 3 to 15 years. The fund is open for subscription only during a specified period. Investors can invest in the scheme at the time of the initial public issue and thereafter they can buy or sell the units of the scheme on the stock exchanges where they are listed. In order to provide an exit route to the investors, some close-ended funds give an option of selling back the
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units to the Mutual Fund through periodic repurchase at NAV related prices. SEBI Regulations stipulate that at least one of the two exit routes is provided to the investor. 3. Interval Schemes: Interval Schemes are that scheme, which combines the features of openended and close-ended schemes. The units may be traded on the stock exchange or may be open for sale or redemption during pre-determined intervals at NAV related prices. By investment objective: Growth Schemes: Growth Schemes are also known as equity schemes. The aim of these schemes is to provide capital appreciation over medium to long term. These schemes normally invest a major part of their fund in equities and are willing to bear short-term decline in value for possible future appreciation. Income Schemes: Income Schemes are also known as debt schemes. The aim of these schemes is to provide regular and steady income to investors.
These schemes generally invest in fixed income securities such as bonds and corporate debentures. Capital appreciation in such schemes may be limited. Balanced Schemes: Balanced Schemes aim to provide both growth and income by periodically distributing a part of the income and capital gains they earn. These schemes invest in both shares and fixed income securities, in the proportion indicated in their offer documents (normally 50:50). Money Market Schemes: Money Market Schemes aim to provide easy liquidity, preservation of capital and moderate income. These schemes generally invest in safer, short-term instruments, such as treasury bills, certificates of deposit, commercial paper and inter-bank call money.
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The risk return trade-off indicates that if investor is willing to take higher risk then correspondingly he can expect higher returns and vise versa if he pertains to lower risk instruments, which would be satisfied by lower returns. For example, if an investors opt for bank FD, which provide moderate return with minimal risk. But as he moves ahead to invest in capital protected funds and the profit-bonds that give out more return which is slightly higher as compared to the bank deposits but the risk involved also increases in the same proportion. Thus investors choose mutual funds as their primary means of investing, as Mutual funds provide professional management, diversification, convenience and liquidity. That doesnt mean mutual fund investments risk free. This is because the money that is pooled in are not invested only in debts funds which are less riskier but are also invested in the stock markets which involves a higher risk but can expect higher returns. Hedge fund involves a very high risk since it is mostly traded in the derivatives market which is considered very volatile.
BY NATURE
1. Equity fund: These funds invest a maximum part of their corpus into equities holdings. The structure of the fund may vary different for different schemes and the
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fund managers outlook on different stocks. The Equity Funds are subclassified depending upon their investment objective, as follows: Diversified Equity Funds. Mid-Cap Funds. Sector Specific Funds. Tax Savings Funds (ELSS). Equity investments are meant for a longer time horizon, thus Equity funds rank high on the risk-return matrix. 2. Debt funds: The objective of these Funds is to invest in debt papers. Government
authorities, private companies, banks and financial institutions are some of the major issuers of debt papers. By investing in debt instruments, these funds ensure low risk and provide stable income to the investors. Debt funds are further classified as: Gilt Funds: Invest their corpus in securities issued by Government, popularly known as Government of India debt papers. These Funds carry zero Default risk but are associated with Interest Rate risk. These schemes are safer as they invest in papers backed by Government. Income Funds: Invest a major portion into various debt instruments such as bonds, corporate debentures and Government securities. They provide a fixed return over each period of time. MIPs: Invests maximum of their total corpus in debt instruments while they take minimum exposure in equities. It gets benefit of both equity and debt market. These scheme ranks slightly high on the risk-return matrix when compared with other debt schemes. Short Term Plans (STPs): Meant for investment horizon for three to six months. These funds primarily invest in short term papers like Certificate of Deposits (CDs) and Commercial Papers (CPs). Some portion of the corpus is also invested in corporate debentures. Liquid Funds: Also known as Money Market Schemes, These funds provides easy liquidity and preservation of capital. These schemes invest in shortterm instruments like Treasury Bills, inter-bank call money market, CPs and CDs. These funds are meant for short-term cash management of corporate houses and are meant for an investment horizon of 1day to 3 months. These
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schemes rank low on risk-return matrix and are considered to be the safest amongst all categories of mutual funds. 3. Balanced funds: As the name suggest they, are a mix of both equity and debt funds. They invest in both equities and fixed income securities, which are in line with pre-defined investment objective of the scheme. These schemes aim to provide investors with the best of both the worlds. Equity part provides growth and the debt part provides stability in returns.
Types of returns
There are three ways, where the total returns provided by mutual funds can be enjoyed by investors.
High Risk
Equit Funds, MIPs Funds
MEDIUM RISK
Balanced Funds
LOW RISK
Debt Funds, Gilt funds, Income Funds, STPs, Liqiud Funds
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Income is earned from dividends on stocks and interest on bonds. A fund pays out nearly all income it receives over the year to fund owners in the form of a distribution. If the fund sells securities that have increased in price, the fund has a capital gain. Most funds also pass on these gains to investors in a distribution. If fund holdings increase in price but are not sold by the fund manager, the fund's shares increase in price. You can then sell your mutual fund shares for a profit. Funds will also usually give you a choice either to receive a check for distributions or to reinvest the earnings and get more shares. Advantages of Investing Mutual Funds: 1. Professional Management - The basic advantage of funds is that, they are professional managed, by well qualified professional. Investors purchase funds because they do not have the time or the expertise to manage their own portfolio. A mutual fund is considered to be relatively less expensive way to make and monitor their investments. The professional fund managers who supervise funds portfolio take desirable decisions viz., what scripts are to be bought, what investments are to be sold and more appropriate decisions 2. Diversification of Risk - Purchasing units in a mutual fund instead of buying individual stocks or bonds, the investors risk is spread out and minimized up to certain extent. The idea behind diversification is to invest in a large number of assets so that a loss in any particular investment is minimized by gains in others. 3. Economies of Scale - Mutual fund buy and sell large amounts of securities at a time, thus help to reducing transaction costs, and help to bring down the average cost of the unit for their investors. 4. Liquidity - Just like an individual stock, mutual fund also allows investors to liquidate their holdings as and when they want. Mutual funds units can either be sold in the share market as SEBI has made it obligatory for closedended schemes to list themselves on stock exchanges. For open-ended schemes investors can always approach the fund for repurchase at net asset value (NAV) of the scheme. Such repurchase price and NAV is advertised in newspaper for the convenience of investors as to timings of such buy and sell. They have extensive research facilities at their disposal, can spend full time to investigate and can give the fund a constant supervision.
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5. Simplicity - Investments in mutual fund is considered to be easy,
compare to other available instruments in the market, and the minimum investment is small. Most AMC also have automatic purchase plans whereby as little as Rs. 2000, where SIP start with just Rs.50 per month basis. 6 Safety of Investments-Besides depending on the expert supervision of fund managers, the legislation in a country (like SEBI in India) also provides for the safety of investments. Mutual funds have to broadly follow the laid down provisions for their regulations, SEBI acts as a watchdog and attempts whole heatedly to safeguard investors interests. 7. Tax Shelter: Depending on the scheme of mutual funds, tax shelter is also available. As per the Union Budget-2003, income earned through dividends from mutual funds is 100% tax-free at the hands of the investors. Close ended schemes ELSS schemes with a minimum of 3 years lock in period also provide tax exemption to the investor. Long term Capital gains are also exempted from tax for equity funds. 9. The concept of Systematic Investment plan and Rupee cost averaging- Unlike other equity linked product and shares or stocks Mutual funds provide the added benefit of Systematic Investment plan. Here the money may be invested over a longer horizon of time in equal installments. Our natural instinct might be to stop investing if the price starts to dropbut history suggests that the best time to invest may be when you are getting good value. Rupee-cost averaging can be an effective strategy with funds or stocks that can have sharp ups and downs, because it gives you more opportunities to purchase shares less expensively. The benefit of this approach is that, over time, you may reduce the risk of having bought shares when their cost was highest. Disadvantages of Investing Mutual Funds: 1. Professional Management- Some funds dont perform as their management is not dynamic enough to explore the available opportunity in the market, thus many investors debate over whether or not the so-called professionals are any better than mutual fund or investor himself, for picking up stocks. 2. Costs The biggest source of AMC income is generally from the entry & exit load which they charge from investors, at the time of purchase. The mutual fund industries are thus charging extra cost under layers of jargon.
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3. Dilution - Because funds have small holdings across different companies, high returns from a few investments often don't make much difference on the overall return. Dilution is also the result of a successful fund getting too big. When money pours into funds that have had strong success, the manager often has trouble finding a good investment for all the new money. 4. Taxes - when making decisions, fund managers don't consider investors personal tax situation. For example, when a fund manager sells a security, a capital-gain tax is triggered, which affects how profitable the individual is from the sale. It might have been more advantageous for the individual to
defer the capital gains liability. HISTORY The mutual fund industry in india started in 1963 with the formation of unit trust of india, at the initiative of the government of india and reserve bank the. the history of mutual funds in india can be broadly divided into four distinct phases
First phase 1964-87

Unit trust of India (uti) was established on 1963 by an act of parliament. it was set up by the reserve bank of india and functioned under the regulatory and administrative control of the reserve bank of india. in 1978 uti was delinked from the rbi and the industrial development bank of india (idbi) took over the regulatory and administrative control in place of rbi. the first scheme launched by uti was unit scheme 1964. at the end of 1988 uti had rs.6,700 crores of assets under management.
Second phase 1987-1993 (entry of public sector funds)

1987 marked the entry of non- uti, public sector mutual funds set up by public sector banks and life insurance corporation of india (lic) and general insurance corporation of india (gic). sbi mutual fund was the first non- uti mutual fund established in june 1987 followed by canbank mutual fund (dec 87), punjab national bank mutual fund (aug 89), indian bank mutual fund (nov 89), bank of india (jun 90), bank of baroda mutual fund (oct 92). Lic established its mutual fund in June 1989 while gic had set up its mutual fund in December 1990.
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At the end of 1993, the mutual fund industry had assets under management of rs.47, 004 crores.
Third phase 1993-2003 (entry of private sector funds)

With the entry of private sector funds in 1993, a new era started in the Indian mutual fund industry, giving the Indian investors a wider choice of fund families. also, 1993 was the year in which the first mutual fund regulations came into being, under which all mutual funds, except uti were to be registered and governed. the erstwhile kothari pioneer (now merged with franklin templeton) was the first private sector mutual fund registered in july 1993. The 1993 sebi (mutual fund) regulations were substituted by a more comprehensive and revised mutual fund regulations in 1996. the industry now functions under the sebi (mutual fund) regulations 1996. The number of mutual fund houses went on increasing, with many foreign mutual funds setting up funds in India and also the industry has witnessed several mergers and acquisitions. As at the end of January 2003, there were 33 mutual funds with total assets of rs. 121,805crores. The unit trust of india with rs.44, 541 crores of assets under management was way ahead of
other mutual funds.
Fourth phase since February 2003

In February 2003, following the repeal of the unit trust of india act 1963 uti was bifurcated into two separate entities. one is the specified undertaking of the unit trust of india with assets under management of rs.29,835 crores as at the end of january 2003, representing broadly, the assets of us 64 scheme, assured return and certain other schemes. the specified undertaking of unit trust of india, functioning under an administrator and under the rules framed by government of india and does not come under the purview of the mutual fund regulations. The second is the uti mutual fund ltd, sponsored by sbi, pnb, bob and lic. it is registered with sebi and functions under the mutual fund regulations. with the bifurcation of the erstwhile uti which had in march 2000 more than rs.76,000 crores of assets under management and with the setting up of a uti mutual fund, conforming to the sebi mutual fund regulations, and with recent mergers taking place among different private sector funds, the mutual fund industry has entered its current phase of consolidation and
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growth. as at the end of September, 2004, there were 29 funds, which manage assets of rs.153108 crores under 421 schemes. The graph indicates the growth of assets over the years
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Analysis
Mutual funds also carry a risk profile with them. Some of the tools available to assess a schemes riskiness areBeta This common measure compares a mutual fund's volatility with that of a benchmark and is supposed to give some sense of how far you can expect a fund to fall when the market takes a dive, or how high it might climb if the bull is running hard. A fund with a beta greater than 1 is considered more volatile than the market; less than 1 means less volatile. So say your fund gets a beta of 1.15 -- it has a history of fluctuating 15% more than the benchmark If the market is up, the fund should outperform by 15%. If the market heads lower, the fund should fall by 15% more. But beta, though a useful guide, is far from perfect, especially when used as a proxy for "risk." The problem here, as with many risk measures, is the benchmark. The benchmark has to be a correct measure of comparison only then will the beta hold any indicative value. Alpha Alpha was designed to take beta one step further. It looks at the relationship between a fund's historical beta and its current performance, or the difference between the return beta would lead you to expect and the return a fund actually gets. An alpha of 0 simply means that the fund did as well as
expected, considering the risks it took. So if that fund with the beta of 1.15 beat the market by 15% (or underperformed it by 15% when the market was down), it would have a 0 alpha. If your fund has a positive alpha, that means it returned more than its beta predicted. A negative alpha means it returned less. The trouble with alpha is that it's only as good as its beta. If the benchmark isn't appropriate to a fund in deriving its beta, then alpha, too, will be imprecise.
Standard Deviation
Standard deviation is applied to the annual rate of return of an investment to measure the investment's volatility. Standard deviation is also known as historical volatility and is used by investors as a gauge for the amount of expected volatility. Standard deviation is a statistical measurement that sheds light on historical volatility. For example, a volatile stock will have a high standard deviation
31
while the deviation of a stable blue chip stock will be lower. A large dispersion tells us how much the return on the fund is deviating from the expected normal returns.
Sharpe Ratio
The Sharpe ratio tells us whether a portfolio's returns are due to smart investment decisions or a result of excess risk. This measurement is very useful because although one portfolio or fund can reap higher returns than its peers, it is only a good investment if those higher returns do not come with too much additional risk. The greater a portfolio's Sharpe ratio, the better its risk-adjusted performance has been. Treynors performance index: A ratio developed by Jack Treynor that measures returns earned in excess of that which could have been earned on a riskless investment per each unit of market risks. In other words, the Treynor ratio is a risk-adjusted measure of return based on systematic risk. It is similar to the Sharpe ratio, with the difference being that the Treynor ratio uses beta as the measurement of volatility. : Where: Ti = Treynors performance index
P RP R f Treynor b =
32
Rp = Portfolios actual return during a specified time period Rf = Risk-free rate of return during the same period p = beta of the portfolio Whenever Rp> Rf and p > 0 a larger T value means a better portfolio for all investors regardless of their individual risk preferences. In two cases we may have a negative T value: when Rp < Rf or when p < 0. If T is negative because Rp < Rf, we judge the portfolio performance as very poor. However, if the negativity of T comes from a negative beta, funds performance is superb. Finally when Rp- Rf, and p are both negative, T will be positive, but in order to qualify the funds performance as good or bad we should see whether Rp is above or below the security market line. FURTHER SCOPE OF THE STUDY The study will further try to1. Analyze a few fund/schemes. 2. Comparative analysis of different investment Options with Mutual Funds
33
MARKET SURVEY
INTRODUCTION In financial markets, expectations of the investors play a vital role. They influence the price of the securities; the volume traded and determines quite a lot of things in actual practice. These expectations of the investors are influenced by their perception and humans generally relate perception to action. The objective of the survey was to categorize investors as being inclined towards investment products based on certain characteristic such as sex, age, occupation, annual income etc. In addition the time horizon of investment and the the real need/purpose of investment were studied and categorized based on the above demographic factors. It was also intended to examine the different intrinsic factors of a mutual fund scheme and different environmental forces that motivate a investor to choose a particular mutual fund scheme. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY DESIGNING A QUESTIONAIRE To understand the savings avenue preference, scheme preference, time horizon for investment and objectives for investment in MFs, and to identify the information sources influencing scheme selection, and the preferred mode of communication, a questionnaire (ANNEXURE I) was designed and the respondents were asked to rank their preferences on a ranking scale. The ranks were ascertained by obtaining the weighted mean value of the responses. To identify the factors that influence the investors fund/scheme selection, 23 variables were identified through evidence from past research. Based on
theory, past research, and personal judgment, the factors that could influence the investors in their selection of Mutual funds/schemes was first grouped into 3 major groups Fund/Scheme qualities, fund sponsor qualities and the expected investor services. Then the 23 identified variables were classified under the appropriate group as follows: SCHEMES QUALITIES 1. Funds/Schemes performance record
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2. Funds/Schemes brand name 3. Schemes expense ratio 4. Schemes portfolio constituents

5. Reputation of scheme(s), portfolio manager(s) 6. Withdrawal facilities 7. Rating by a rating agency 8. Innovativeness of the Scheme 9. Products with tax benefits 10.Entry and Exit load
FUND SPONSORS QUALITIES 1. Reputation of the sponsoring firm 2. Sponsor offers a wide range of schemes with different investment objectives 3. Brand name of Sponsor 4. Sponsor has a well developed Agency Net work/Infrastructure 5. Sponsor has an efficient research wing 6. Sponsors expertise in managing money INVESTOR SERVICES 1. Disclosure of investment objectives, method and periodicity of valuation in advertisement 2. Disclosure of method, periodicity of schemes sales and repurchase in offer documents 3. Announcement of NAV on every trading day 4. Disclosure of deviation of the investments from the expected pattern 5. Disclosure of schemes investments on every trading day 6. Mutual Fund Investors grievance redressal machinery_ 7. Additional Services like free insurance, free credit card, loans on collateral, tax benefits etc In the survey, the respondents were asked to rate the importance of the 23 specified variables on a 5 point scale ranging from Highly Important (1) to Not at all Important (5). The data for each of the 3 sub -groups were factor analyzed using Principal Component Analysis with the objective of identifying the factor in the sub -group which turns out to be significant in the fund/scheme selection.
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SAMPLE SELECTION
Survey was conducted on 50 existing investors of Mahindra finance and 50 more who were planning to invest into various schemes through Mahindra Finance. The survey was conducted during March April 2009. The required data was collected through a pre-tested questionnaire which was administered through different techniques i.e.- through telephone, emails, direct and interviewer administered. Profile of Investors, distribution of the present investors by demographic factors is given below. TABLE Distribution of retail mutual fund investors by demographic factors INVESTOR PROFILE NO OF RESPONDENTS SEX Male 78 Female 22 AGE Below 30 14 31-40 36 41-50 30 Above 50 20 MARITAL STATUS Married 58 Unmarried 42 OCCUPATION Salaried 60 Business 26 Retired 14 ANNUAL INCOME (Rs) Below 150000 14 150000 300000 54 300000 400000 14 Above 400000 18 ANNUAL SAVINGS (Rs) Below 50000 39 50000 100000 24 100000 150000 10 150000 250000 12 Above 250000 15
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Age Distribution in Sample A majority of the sample were from the 31-40 age group followed by the 4150 age group (30%). The sample contained a minimum number of investors in the below 0 age group. Occupational Distribution in Sample
A majority of the people surveyed were from the salaried class (60%). The business class (26%) also includes those people who are self employed. Annual Income Distribution in Sample Most of the people surveyed belonged to the 150000 to 300000 annual income category.
Below 30 14% 31-40 41-50 36% 30% Above 50 20%
Age Distribution
Salaried 60% Busines s 26% Retired 14%
Occupational Distribution
Below 150000 14% 150000 300000 54% 300000 400000 14% Above 400000 18%
Annual Income
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Disposable Income Distribution in Sample More than 39% of people save below 50000 a year whereas only 15 %of people save more than 250000 a year. Investment type Distribution in Sample Maximum no of people invest their money in providend funds. This is followed by the Mutual funds category. This can be attributed to the fact that a majority of the sample were salaried employees.
Below 50000 39% 50000 - 100000 100000 - 24% 150000 10% 150000 250000 12% Above 250000
15%
Disposable Income Distribution

Stocks 24% PPF 26% MF 22% Bank Deposits 4% Life Insurance 10% Postal Savings 14%
Investment Type Distribution

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Annual Income Vs Annual Savings Almost 100% of the people in the salary class of below 150000 save less than 50000 a year. This is attributed to the fact that this slab is tax free. People in the salary class of 1,50,000 to 3,00,000 mostly invest below 50,000. The income slab of 3,00,000 invest maximum 50,000 to 1,00,000 yearly. The maximum no of people who invest more than 2,50,000 a year lies in the above 4,00,000 category income slab.
Below 150000 150000 - 300000 300000 - 400000 Above 400000 0 20 40 60 80 100 Below 50000 50000 100000 100000 150000 150000 250000 Above 250000 Percent Savings Below 50000 50000 - 100000 100000 - 150000 150000 - 250000 Above 250000 Below 150000 100 0 0 0 0 150000 - 300000 88 9 3 0 0 300000 - 400000 30 47 15 8 0 Above 400000 12 18 25 28 17
Income vs Savings
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Age VS Investment Type It can be inferred from the readings that young people invest mostly in life insurance schemes whereas the age group of 30-40 and 40-50 invest their money mostly in mutual funds and stocks. Risk averse young people also invest in PPFs. They hardly go for bank deposits and postal savings etc. Postal savings and bank deposits fare well in case of old investors as can be seen from the chart.
Below 30 30-40 40-50 Above 50 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Percent Stocks PPF MF Bank Deposits Life Insurance Postal Savings Below 30 14 29 14 0 43 0 30-40 24 24 36 0 16 0 40-50 29 29 18 0 0 24 Above 50 22 22 19 15 0 22
Age Vs Investment Type

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Age Vs Time Horizon

The below 30 age group prefer a time horizon of mostly 1-3 years(50%) and rest of them prefer the below one year and the 3-5 yrs schemes equally. The age group of 50 above prefers the 5 yrs time horizon more than the other age groups.
Below 30 30-40 40-50 Above 50 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
45 50 Below 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years 5 above % Time of Deposit Below 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years 5 above Below 30 25 50 25 0 30-40 29 29 43 0 40-50 38 38 23 0 Above 50 29 29 24 19
Age VS Time Horizon

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FURTHER SCOPE OF THE STUDY The study shall further include the comparative analysis of other demographic factors (Income, Occupation and Gender) with types and horizon of investment. 1. Income VS Type of Investment 2. Income VS Horizon of Investment 3. Occupation VS Type of Investment 4. Occupation VS Horizon of Investment 5. Gender VS Type of Investment 6. Gender VS Horizon of Investment
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FACTORS AFFECTING SCHEME SELECTION IN MUTUAL FUNDS Ranking of the Investment Objective in Sample OBJECTIVE RANK Safety 1 Liquidity 4 Tax Benefit 3 Dividend 2 Capital Appreciation 5 The investors look for safety first in MF products, followed by good returns, Tax Benefits, liquidity and capital appreciation. The survey further reveals that the scheme selection decision is made by respondents on their own, and the other sources influencing their selection decision are News papers and Magazines, Brokers and Agents, Television, Friends suggestions and Direct Mail in that order Preferable Route to Mutual Fund Investing as indicated below. ROUTE RANK Friends Suggestions 5 Newspaper/Magazines 2 Self Decision 1
Television 4 Brokers/Agents 3 Email/Direct mail 6 Since the survey reveals priority to Self decision in scheme selection. Information dissemination through all possible routes which will reach the investors should be tapped in a cost-effective manner by AMCs. Diagnostically looking, the fact that the investors prefer to make their own scheme selection decision, in spite of their lack of knowledge about the sophisticated market environment, reflects their reluctance to believe the available quality of service provided by the agents, financial consultants and investment advisers. These agencies and persons engaged in giving investment advice should gear up now to win the confidence of the investors. In the long run, it will help both the investors and the investment advisers, thus strengthening the link between the individual investors and the Mutual Funds. Scheme Preference of Mutual Fund Investors
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SCHEME RANK Growth 1 Income 2 Balanced 3 FURTHER SCOPE OF THE STUDY Although it has been observed that safety is the number one motive behind investment in any mutual funds, the effect of demographics cannot be neglected while observing the scheme selection behavior of Mutual Fund investors. Thus this study will further include a analysis of the perception of different individuals belonging to different demographics on various objectives of investment offered by mutual funds (Tax benefit, Dividend, Safety, Capital Appreciation, Liquidity). This will help in finding out what product to offer to which type of individual.
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Influence of Product Qualities on Scheme Selection

OBSERVATION
The 10 fund related variables were analyzed for their importance. The analysis reveals that the investor considers all the 10 variables as important in his selection of the fund/scheme. The mean values of the readings were obtained and the factors were ranked according to their importance. VARIABLES RANKING Schemes Performance Records 1 Schemes Brand Name 2 Portfolio of Investment 3
Withdrawal facility 4 Reputation of Schemes Managers 5 Products with Tax Benefits 6 Ratings 7 Entry and Exit Load 8 Expense Ratio 9 Innovativeness of Scheme 10 To identify the investors underlying fund/scheme selection criteria, so as to group them into specific market segment to enable the designing of the appropriate marketing strategy, Factor Analysis was done using Principal Component Analysis. The readings obtained are given below. COMMUNALITIES INITIAL EIGEN VALUES Variable Initial Extraction Factor Eigen Value % of variance Cumulative A1 1 0.438 1 2.327 23.268 23.268 A2 1 0.798 2 1.265 12.653 35.921 A3 1 0.248 3 1.086 10.861 46.782 A4 1 0.675 4 0.971 9.71 56.492 A5 1 0.409 5 0.931 9.307 65.799 A6 1 0.371 6 0.87 8.701 74.5 A7 1 0.352 7 0.71 7.098 81.598 A8 1 0.359 8 0.693 6.93 88.528 A9 1 0.593 9 0.61 6.098 94.626 A10 1 0.435 10 0.537 5.374 100
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Extraction Method- Principal Component Analysis
Total variance Explained

EXTRACTION SUM OF SQUARED LOADINGS ROTATIONAL SUM OF SQUARED LOADINGS Factor Eigen Value % of variance Cumulative Eigen Value % of variance Cumulative
1 2.327 23.268 23.268 2.006 20.059 20.059 2 1.265 12.653 35.921 1.481 14.809 34.868 3 1.086 10.861 46.782 1.191 11.914 46.782 Extraction Method- Principal Component Analysis
Component and Rotated Component Matrix

Extraction Method- Principal Component Analysis Rotation Method- Varimax with Kaiser Normalization
INFERENCE
Retaining only the variables with eigen values greater than one, we can infer that 23.268% of variance is explained by factor 1; 12.653% of variance is explained by factor 2 and 10.861% of variance is explained by factor 3 and together, all three factors contributed to 46.782% of variance. On the basis of Varimax Rotation with Kaiser Normalization, 3 factors have emerged. Each factor is constituted of all those variables that have factor loadings greater than or equal to 0.5. Thus A6, A7, A8, A9 and A10 constituted the first factor. This factor was named as Intrinsic Product Qualities; A1 and A4 constituted the second factor and this was conceptualized as Portfolio Management; A2 constituted the 3rd factor and was conceptualized as Image factor. FACTOR MATRIX ROTATED FACTOR MATRIX Variable Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3
A1 0.316 0.429 -0.392 6.19E-02 0.641 -0.513 A2 0.234 0.194 0.84 2.40E-02 -5.79E-02 0.891 A3 0.416 0.272 -2.56E-02 0.202 0.423 0.166 A4 0.354 0.7 -0.245 -6.48E-02 0.816 6.91E-02 A5 0.542 0.25 0.229 0.299 0.369 0.428 A6 0.468 -0.389 -1.91E-02 0.604 -7.63E-02 -1.17E-03 A7 0.551 -0.199 9.14E-02 0.562 7.09E-02 0.177 A8 0.589 -0.102 4.76E-02 0.554 0.182 0.174 A9 0.54 -0.446 -0.32 0.719 2.88E-02 -0.275 A10 0.646 -0.131 7.13E-03 0.661 0.202 0.144
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Thus, after rotation, factor 1 (Intrinsic Product Qualities) accounts for 20.059% of the variance; factor 2 (Portfolio Management) accounts for 14.809% of variance and factor 3 (Image) accounts for 11.914% of variance and all 3 factors together explain for 46.782% of variance. CLUBBING OF FACTORS INTO VARIABLES FACTOR NAME VARIABLE Intrinsic Qualities of the Product Withdrawal Facilities Rating by a rating agency Innovativeness of Scheme Tax benefits
Portfolio Management Performance Record Investment Portfolio Image Reputation of Brand name FURTHER SCOPE OF THE STUDY The six sponsor related variables are to be analyzed for their importance using Factor Analysis. The Seven Investors Services related variables are also to be analyzed for their importance using Factor Analysis.
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ANNEXURE 1
This survey is for the sole purpose of collecting data for a survey carried out by the ICFAI Business School Management students for internship thesis. Information in this survey would not be disclosed for any other purpose. We are very much grateful to you for your cooperation and time. NAME______________________________________________ Email Id_________________________________________ Mobile_____________________ Please tick mark I.SEX: Male Female IV. OCCUPATION Salaried Businessman Retired Please fill in SAVINGS = Rs ____________ / Year What % of your savings are invested for 5 years and above __________________ (approx.) What % of your savings are invested for 3-5 years__________________ (approx.) What % of your savings are invested for 1-3 years___________________ (approx) What % of your savings are invested for less than one year________________ (approx) Please rank the choices according to your preferences as indicated in example. Give Rank 1 to the most preferred option. Give Rank 2 to the next best option and so on. EXAMPLE: What season do you like most? Rainy 3 Winter 1 Summer 2 In which schemes have you invested most till date? (Rank 1-6) Mutual Funds Postal Savings Fixed Deposits Stocks Life Insurance Provident Funds What were the most important factors while selecting a mutual fund scheme? (Rank 1 to 6) Tax Benefit Dividend Safety Capital Appreciation Liquidity II.AGE: Below 30 30 40 40 - 50 50 and above III.INCOME:< 150000 150000-30000 300000-400000 4000000<
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Which environmental forces influenced you the most to invest in mutual fund? Rank in order of preference from 1 to 6.
Friends Suggestions Newspapers / Magazines Television and commercials Brokers and Agents Self evaluation and decision Direct mail / E mail
Which mode of communication do you prefer most for receiving updates and performance of your scheme / portfolio of mutual fund investment? Rank 1 to 4.
Telephone E mail / Internet Direct mail Personal contact / visit.
GIVE MARKS OUT OF 5 TO EACH OF THE ATTRIBUTES FOR THEIR IMPORTANCE WHILE MAKING A INVESTMENT DECISION. Please Refer Example.
Give: 1 for Highly Important Factor Please feel free to leave any Give: 2 for Important question that you cant understand Give: 3 for Moderately Important Unmarked Give: 4 for Less Important Give: 5 for Not at all Important.
EXAMPLE: Grade Funds Popularity? ________________________ 3

SL NO. SCHEMES QUALITIES MARKS
A1 Funds/Schemes performance record_______________ A2 Funds/Schemes brand name_____________________ A3 Schemes expense ratio__________________________ A4 Schemes portfolio constituents____________________ A5 Reputation of scheme(s), portfolio manager(s)________ A6 Withdrawal facilities____________________________
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A7 Rating by a rating agency________________________ A8 Innovativeness of the Scheme_____________________ A9 Products with tax benefits________________________ A10 Entry and Exit load_____________________________
SL NO.
FUND SPONSORS QUALITIES

MARKS
B1 Reputation of the sponsoring firm_________________ B2 Sponsor offers a wide range of schemes with different investment objectives___________________________ B3 Brand name of Sponsor__________ ______________ B4 Sponsor has a well developed Agency Net work/Infrastructure_____________________________ B5 Sponsor has an efficient research wing______________
B6 Sponsors expertise in managing money_____________

SL NO.
INVESTOR SERVICES
MARKS
C1 Disclosure of investment objectives, method and periodicity of valuation in advertisement____________ C2 Disclosure of method, periodicity of schemes sales and repurchase in offer documents_____________________ C3 Announcement of NAV on every trading day____________
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C4 Disclosure of deviation of the investments from the expected pattern_________________________________ C5 Disclosure of schemes investments on every trading day__________________________________________ C6 Mutual Fund Investors grievance redressal machinery_ C7 Additional Services like free insurance, free credit card, loans on collateral, tax benefits etc.________________
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REFERENCES
1. www.moneycontrol.com 2. www.amfiindia.com 3. www.wikepedia.com 4. Shanmugham, R., 2000, Factors Influencing Investment Decisions, Indian Capital Markets Trends and Dimensions (ed.), Tata McGraw-Hill PublishingCompany Limited, New Delhi, 2000 5. Anjan Chakrabarti and Harsh Rungta, 2000, Mutual Funds Industry in India :An in-depth look into the problems of credibility, Risk and Brand, The ICFAI Journal of Applied Finance, Vol.6, No.2, April, 27-45. 6. Customer Orientation in Designing Mutual Fund Products, -An Analytical Approach to Indian Market Preferences, Dr Tapan K Panda, Faculty Member, Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow. 7. Review Of Marketing Research Volume 5: K. Naresh Malhotra:
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FACTORS AFFECTING INVESTORS PREFERENCE FOR MUTUAL FUNDS IN INDIA

NILAMADHAV SAMAL 08BS0001995

The Investment Needs of an Investor

Investment Options in India

ORGANISATION OF A MUTUAL FUND

5. Simplicity - Investments in mutual fund is considered to be easy,

First phase 1964-87

Second phase 1987-1993 (entry of public sector funds)

Third phase 1993-2003 (entry of private sector funds)

other mutual funds.

Fourth phase since February 2003

2. Funds/Schemes brand name 3. Schemes expense ratio 4. Schemes portfolio constituents

Disposable Income Distribution

Investment Type Distribution

Age Vs Investment Type

Age Vs Time Horizon

Age VS Time Horizon

Influence of Product Qualities on Scheme Selection

Extraction Method- Principal Component Analysis

Total variance Explained

Component and Rotated Component Matrix

EXAMPLE: Grade Funds Popularity? ________________________ 3

FUND SPONSORS QUALITIES

B6 Sponsors expertise in managing money_____________

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