Compiled with the assistance of the Tiger University Program of the Estonian Information Technology Foundation

likooli logo

PANTONE 1807 PANTONE Black

ess

Introduction to Design
Ilya Shmorgun,Valeria Gasik, David Lamas

Topics
Denition of design Design strategies Approaches to design Role in the development lifecycle

Design

What is Design?
A plan or drawing produced to show the Design is not only how it looks but also
how it works look and function of an object before it is built

The art and practice of exploring and

implementing ideas

Design is about
Making sense of things Putting bits and pieces together to make
them work in harmony

Design begins with the question What should we be doing in the rst place?

Strategies

Types of Design Strategies

Design as a rational process Design as an action-centered process

Design as a Rational Process

Design is plan-driven Consists of a sequence of concrete steps The design object should be optimized for
specic constraints and objectives

Design as an ActionBased Process

The design process is driven by creativity
and emotion

The design process is improvised The design process does not have an
explicit sequence of steps

Approaches

Four Approaches to Design

User-Centered Design Activity-Centered Design System-Centered Design Genius Design

Approach
User-centered design

Overview
Focus on user needs and goals

Users
The guides of design

Designer
Translator of user needs and goals

Focus on the tasks and Activity-centered design activities that need to be accomplished Focus on the components of a system Skill and wisdom of designers used to make products

Performers of the activities

Creates tools for actions

Systems design

Set the goals of the system

Makes sure all the parts of the system in place

Genius design

Source of validation

The source of inspiration

Some Common Assertions

These approaches can be used in many different situations to create distinct products and services Most problematic situations can be improved by deploying at least one of these approaches An individual designer will prefer one approach to others The best designers are those who can move between approaches, applying the best approach to the problem at hand

User-Centered Design
Users know best Designers are not the users Focus on what the user ultimately wants to
accomplish

Involve users in every stage of the project

Role in the Development Lifecycle

What is a Development Lifecycle?

A project management framework A structure for developing a software
product

Common Development Models

Waterfall model Agile development

Waterfall Model
Consists of a specic sequence of phases Proceeding to the next phase occurs after
the previous phase has nished

Helps to develop systems in a very

deliberate, structured and methodical way

Agile Development
Based on an iterative and incremental
approach

Requirements and solutions evolve

throughout the project by means of collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams

Design in the Development Cycle

In the Waterfall Model design is just one of
the activities of the lifecycle

In the Agile Model design is tightly

integrated with the whole lifecycle

Topics Covered
Denition of design Design strategies Approaches to design Role in the development lifecycle