COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY SAVEETHA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI 600 077

Format for Application to involve Human Participants in Research

NAME OF THE INVESTIGATOR: P. BHUVANENDRA PRABHU MPT 2ND YEAR (SPORTS PHYSIOTHERAPY) REG. NO. 180802008

SAVEETHA UNIVERSITY (Established under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 vide Notification No.F.93/2002-U.3 dated 18 03 2005 of the Government of India)
Name of the College Title of the research project : College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha University : The relationship between open kinetic and Closed kinetic chain strengthening exercise for lower limb extensor on jumping Performance in collegiate basketball players Principal Investigator Co-investigator Duration of research project Period for data collection Period for analyzing data Grant details Institutions involved in research Name Address Telephone Number Website Email Risks to patients Invasive tests Confidentiality Informed consent form Any other : P.Bhuvanendra prabhu, MPT 2ND Year : Mr.S.Sudhakar, MPT (SPORTS) : 2 weeks : 2 weeks : nil : Saveetha College of Physiotherapy : Saveetha Nagar Thandalam,Chennai-602105 :044-26811499/599/699 :www.saveetha.com :info@saveetha.comEthical Issues :Nil :Nil :will be maintained :will be obtained :Nil

ETHICAL ISSUES
Please answer the following questions: 1. This project is to be undertaken as part of previously approved program grant. Grant Number, project title and Director. 2. Does the project involve the administration of personality tests, inventory, or questionnaire? If YES, (provide the name of the standard tests or 3copies of the proposed tests) 3. Does the project involve the use / drawing of human blood products, tissue or body fluids? 4. Does the project involve administration of ionizing radiation to subjects for other than clinical purpose 5. Does the project involve the testing of investigational drugs or devices? If YES, provide Name of the drug or device, Name of the manufacturer, If the protocol involves the administration of medications to humans for research purposes (not part of general clinical practice), you must obtain an authorization 6. Human subjects involved in the proposed activity would be either-minors,fetuses,abortues, pregnant women,prisoners,mentally retarted, menyaly disabled, HIV positive subjects, others(specify)

YES/ NO YES/ NO

YES/NO

YES/NO

YES/NO

YES/ NO

Signature of Investigator

DETAILS OF RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Title : The Relationship between Open Kinetic and Closed Kinetic chain strengthening exercise for lower limb extensors on jumping performance in collegiate basketball players Funding agency Ethical issues : N/A. : Duly Addressed.

Signature of investigators: ( )

Signature of guide

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Signature of HOD

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Signature of principal

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Signature of dean

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Signature Of Associate : Dean Of Research Document for ethical clearance

.. : Duly Attached

SUMMARY OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH

TOPIC: The Relationship between Open Kinetic and Closed Kinetic chain strengthening exercise for lower limb extensors on jumping performance in collegiate basketball players. AIM: To compare the benefits of open kinetic chain and closed kinetic chain exercise on improving the jumping performance in basketball players. OBJECTIVE: This study was to compare the efficacy of open kinetic and closed kinetic chain strengthening exercise on improving the jumping performance in basketball players MATERIALS: Inch Tape Baseline Evaluation Chart Jumping Performance Evaluation Chart Washable Inks to obtain imprints

MEDHODOLOGY:

Study design: comparative study Participants: 40 male subjects playing college level basket ball Inclusion criteria: Only male players Age between 18 to 25 years

Exclusion criteria: Recent fracture in lower limb

Recent injuries in lower limb joints Female players Any other systemic illness Setting: College of Physical Education , YMCA ,Nandanam , Chennai

Procedure: A total of 40 male basketball players as subjects will be assigned in this study. Detailed methodology will be explained to them via information sheet and then informed consent will be obtained before the procedure is done. After screening, players are assessed with outcome measures. Then the subjects are randomly divided into 2 groups i.e. Group A which will receive open kinetic chain training programme for extensors of lower limb 2 weeks (5 days per week) and Group B which will receive closed kinetic chain training programme for 2 weeks. After the giving treatment to the two groups, the subjects are again assessed with the outcome measures.

OUTCOME MEASURE: 1. vertical jump test

2. one repetitive maximum

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data will be collected and tabulated and analyzed using independent t-test in order to determine the efficacy of the open chain kinetic exercise and closed chain kinetic exercise in basketball players. To find out significant improvement in the extensors of lower leg after the training programme in basketball players

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Edwin E bunton et al {1993} stated that closed kinetic chain training is an economical,efficient,and effective means of training with the ultimate goal of enhancing proprioceptionthus gaining lower extremity joint stability.[1]

Over the past 10 years case JG, DePalma BF, Zelko RR.(1991) states that a review of the literature indicates that closed kinetic chain exercises have advantages over open kinetic chain exercises

Ashley and Weiss(1994) reported significant positive findings between isokinetic squat strength and vertical-jump performance.

Blackburn JR, Morrissey MC( 1998)Similar findings have been obtained when testing the relationship between isotonic squat strength and both vertical-jump and long-jump performance.

Cordova et al (1995) found no correlation between changes in non-weight-bearing closed chain isokinetic strength and changes in single-leg jump reaction force after a 5week closed chain training program.

Will< et al (1995), whose findings concurred with ours, demonstrated a significant positive correlation among isokinetic reciprocal knee testing (Biodex; Shirley, NY) at 180 and 3000/ second in 3 different single-leg hop tests.

Davies GJ (1995) the muscular strength deficits found in patients who are tested in the open and closed chain isokinetic concentric reciprocal modes. Negrete RJ, BrophyJ (1999) shown that there is no transfer of isokinetic closed chain strength to the open chain isokinetic strength of the hip, knee, and ankle musculature. ESCAMILLA, RAFAEL F.et al (1998) states the squat generated approximately twice as much hamstring activity as the leg press and knee extensions. Quadriceps muscle activity was greatest in CKCE when the knee was near full flexion and in OKCE when the knee was near full extension. OKCE produced more rectus femoris activity while CKCE produced more vasti muscle activity. Tibiofemoral compressive force was greatest in CKCE near full flexion and in OKCE near full extension. Peak tension in the posterior cruciate ligament was approximately twice as great in CKCE, and increased with knee

flexion. Tension in the anterior cruciate ligament was present only in OKCE, and occurred near full extension. Patellofemoral compressive force was greatest in CKCE near full flexion and in the mid-range of the knee extending phase in OKCE.

Stensdotter et al. (2003) showed that the amplitude of the electromyographic (EMG) signal normalized by maximum voluntary contraction of the oblique vastus medialis (OVM) muscle is greater on CKC, althoughlower than that of the vastus lateralis muscle in both exercises

DETAILED RESEARCH PLAN

INTRODUCTION:

Jumping is a form of locomotion familiar to man from childhood. It is used for various purposes ranging from a simple expression of joy or exuberance, for competition and of course as an integral part of sports. The significance of jumping in basketball players cannot be understood. The person is only good as his jumping capacity as far as basketball is concerned. This necessitates the need of jumping training by concerned coach. Jumping performance can be evaluated on by two ways 1. Vertical jump 2. Standing long jump. Various abstracts and studies performed to study the biomechanics of jumping clearly stated the importance of extensor muscles of lower limb Leaving the complex biomechanics behind, jumping can be stated as an activity, which primarily involves overcoming the inertia with coordination of various muscles contracting into project oneself against the force of gravity. This study limits itself to the effect of open kinetic and closed kinetic training of extensor muscles in lower extremity on jumping performances

HYPOTHESIS:

There is significant difference produced between closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain training on lower extremity extensors in jumping performance of collegiate basketball players.
NULL HYPOTHESIS:

There is no significant difference produced between closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain training on lower extremity extensors in jumping performance of collegiate basketball players

SAMPLE SELECTION:

Subjects selected in a non probability purposive sampling basis and then assigned in Group A and Group B in randomized function.
STUDY DESIGN: Comparative study INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Only male players Age between 18 to 25 years

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Recent fracture in lower limb Recent injuries in lower limb joints Any other systemic illness
MATERIALS:

Inch Tape Baseline Evaluation Chart Jumping Performance Evaluation Chart Washable Inks to obtain imprints Weight cuffs

METHODS:

A total of 40 subjects of collegiate basketball will be assigned in this study. Detailed methodology will be explained to them via information sheet and then informed consent will be obtained before the procedure is done. Then the subjects will be randomly divided into two groups (Group A and Group B) each with 20 subjects.

First the subjects will be check for the pretest values measures.Then both the groups will be given

by

outcome training

separate

programmes .Training programme assigned for Group A is Open Kinetic Chain Exercises and for Group B is Closed Chain Kinetic Exercises .
Exercises for open kinetic chain training:
1.

Quadriceps strengthening exercise : Quadriceps refers to a four-part muscle that exists at the front of the thigh and the front of the shinbone, below the knee.

Procedure : Lay on your back on a flat surface. Bend the knee of your uninvolved leg (the one that wasn't operated on) to a 90-degree angle, and keep your foot flat on the surface. Keep your involved leg straight without the knee bent. Slowly lift the involved leg six inches off the floor (by contracting the front thigh muscles). Hold for five seconds.

Slowly lower your leg to the floor. Relax and repeat 10 more times.

2.

Hip strengthening exercises: Hip extensor strengthening exercises increases the strength of buttocks and low backs. Procedure: In prone lying , In this position, take 3 seconds to lift your left leg straight behind you without bending your knee,with the weight cuffs . Hold the position for 10 second. Repeat with right leg. Exercise duration : 4 days a week for 4 weeks

Exercise for closed kinetic chain training: 1. Squat up exercise:

The squat is an exercise that trains primarily the muscles of the thighs, hips and buttocks, as well as strengthening the bones, ligaments and insertion of the tendons throughout the lower body.Bend knees forward while allowing hips to bend back behind, keeping back straight and knees pointed same direction as feet. Descend until knees and hips are

fully bent. Extend knees and hips until legs are straight. Return and repeat.
2. Lunge forwards:

The lunge is a weight training exercise that is used to strengthen the quadriceps muscles, gluteal muscles and the muscles comprising the "hamstrings", the semitendinosus, the semimembranosus, and the bicepfemoris. A long lunge emphasizes the glutes whereas a short lunge emphasizes the quadriceps. To perform the lunge, the individual stands with their feet shoulderwidthapart, and then steps forward, landing with the heel first. The knee should be at 90 degrees and directly above the toes, not further (taking a shorter step can put added pressure on the knee). The motion is continued until the back knee is nearly touching theground. The individual then returns to his or her starting position by driving upward with the front leg.

3. Step up exercise: Can be performed forward , backward , laterally , lateral step up used primarily.height above 8 inch is provide large knee flexion increasing shear forces and limiting hamstring co contraction. Exercise duration : 4 days a week for 4 weeks

OUTCOME MEASURE:

1. Vertical jump test 2. Standing long jump test 3. One repetitive maximum:

Formula 1 1RM = {(r/3o+1)} w r is the number of repetitions performed and w is the amount of weight used

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data will be collected and tabulated and analyzed

using independent t-test in order to determine the efficacy of the open chain kinetic exercise and closed chain kinetic exercise in basketball players

To find out significant improvement in the extensors of lower leg after the t training programme in basketball players Pilot study will be done to get the reliability testing performed in this study.

TIME LINE:

Proposal development Planning/ training Subject recruitment Follow up Analysis Report writing
Dissemination

: 1 Month : 3 weeks : 2 weeks : nil : 2 week : 1 week

: Try to publish in the research journal

SAVEETHA UNIVERSITY, Chennai 77 INFORMED CONSENT FORM

I __________________________________ agree to take part in the research study, conducted by P. Bhuvanendra Prabhu Postgraduate student (mpt 2nd year Sports physiotherapy), Saveetha College of physiotherapy, Saveetha University entitled The Relationship between Open Kinetic and Closed Kinetic chain strengthening exercise for lower limb extensors on jumping performance in collegiate basketball players I acknowledge that the research study has been explained to me and I understand that agreeing to participate in the research means that I am willing to, Provide information about my health status to the researcher. Allow the researcher to have access to my medical records, pertaining to the purpose of the study. Participate in the analysis program. Make myself available for further analysis if required.

I have been informed about the purpose, procedures and measurements involved in the research and my queries towards the research have been clarified. I provide consent to the researcher to use the video or still photographs for research and educational purposes only. I understand that my participation is voluntary and can withdraw at any stage of the research. Contact Witness: Address:Signature: Date:

BIO DATA OF INVESTIGATORS

NAME

: P.Bhuvanendra Prabhu

DESIGNATION ADDRESS TELEPHONE NUMBER E-MAIL DATE OF BIRTH EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION RESEARCHES OR TRAINING EXPERIENCE RESEARCH SPECIALIZATON

: MPT 2ND YEAR (SPORTS) : NO.420, srinivasan nagar , winterpet post, Arakkonam : 9710456170 : jpumpe@gmail.com : 26th June 1985 : Bachelor of Physiotherapy

: Nil : Nil

RECENT PUBLICATIONS IN THE AREA : Nil (2-5 YEARS) SOURCE OF CO- FUNDING : Nil

BIO DATA OF CO- INVESTIGATORS

NAME DESIGNATION

: Mr.S.Sudhakar M.P.T (sports) : Assistant professor Saveetha college of Physiotherapy .

ADDRESS

: Flat C3, plot no: 74, Venkatesa nagar, first cross st, ext 2, Virugambakam, Chennai -92

TELEPHONE NUMBER E-MAIL DATE OF BIRTH EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION

: 9884246688 : sudhakar.sports@gmail.com : 13.3.1977 : MPT (Sports physiotherapy)

RESEARCHES OR TRAINING EXPERIENCE RESEARCH SPECIALIZATON : 5 years : Sports and Musculoskeletal

RECENT PUBLICATIONS IN THE AREA: nil (2-5 YEARS) SOURCE OF CO- FUNDING : nil

DOCUMENT FOR INSTITUTIONAL ETHICAL CLEARANCE TITLE: The Relationship between Open Kinetic and Closed Kinetic chain strengthening exercise for lower limb extensors on jumping performance in collegiate basketball players DATE :

The above proposal has been reviewed by the ethical committee and the committee recommends that the project be: Approved Resubmitted with modification Rejected

MEMBERS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

DESIGNATION

SIGNATURE

REFERENCES
1. Edwin E.bunton , William A. pitney , The role of limb torque , muscle action and

proprioception during closed kinetic chain rehabilitation of lower extremity.Journal of athletic training , vol.28.1993 2. Escamilla RF, Fleisig GS, Zheng N, Barrentine SW, Wilk KE, Andrews JR. Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998; 30:556-69. 3. Ashley CD, Weiss LW. Vertical jump performance and selected physiological characteristics of women. JStrength and eond Res. 1994;8:5-11. 4. Blackburn JR, Morrissey MC. The relationship between open and closed kinetic chain strength of the lower limb and jumping performance. JOrthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;27(6):430-435 5. Case JG, DePalma BF, Zelko RR. Knee rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: an update. Athletic Training, JNATA. 1991 ;26:22-3 1. 6. De Carlo M, Porter PA, Gehlsen G, Bahamonde R. Electro myographic and cinematographic analysis of the lower extremity during closed and open chain kinetic chain exercise. Isokin Exerc Sci. 1992
7. Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain

exercises Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise: April 1998 - Volume 30 Issue 4 - pp 556-569 Applied Sciences: Biodynamics 8. Davies GJ, Heiderscheit Be. Validity and reliability of the LIDO Linea closed kinetic chain isokinetic dynamometer. JOrthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997;25(2):133-136 9. . Blackburn JR, Morrissey MC. The relationship between open and closed kinetic chain strength of the lower limb and jumping performance. JOrthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;27(6):430-435.

10. Negrete RJ, BrophyJ. Closed kinetic chain isokinetic training: effects on strength and functional performance [abstract]. JOrthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;27(1):99. Abstract P0127. 11. Hubley CS, Wells RP. A work-energy approach to determine individual jOillt contribution to vertical jump performance. Eur JAppl Physiol. 1983;50:247-254. 12. Robertson DGE, Fleming D. Kinetics of standing broad and vertical jumping. Can JSports Sci. 1987;12:19-23.

INFORMATION SHEET
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOTHERAPY SAVEETHA MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL SAVEETHA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI-77

Name of the Researcher : P.Bhuvanendra Prabhu MPT 2ND Year (sports) Research Title players Data collected by : P.Bhuvanendra Prabhu MPT 2ND Year (sports) :. The Relationship between Open Kinetic and Closed Kinetic chain

strengthening exercise for lower limb extensors on jumping performance in collegiate basketball

The study is under strict guidance of the researchers. No funds/fees/remunerating are taken (or) offered to the subjects on the course of the study. The study is voluntary and subjects can withdraw at any stage of the study. The confidentiality will be maintained. The corresponding details are kept by the researcher the where about can only assessed by the principle investigator.