1.

Reflation it is a fiscal or monetary policy, which is created to expand the output of the country and to curb the effects of deflation. Reflation
policies can include reducing taxes, changing the money supply and lowering interest rates.

1. Refund it is the compensation rewarded to a customer for overinvoicing or for goods returned. 2. Refunding - it is the outstanding bond issue at maturity by utilizing the money from the selling of new offering. 3. Regional Check Processing Center RCPC it is a local Federal Reserve facility where by checks which are drawn on the depository institutions are processed overnight. 4. Registered Bond an owner of the bond who is registered with the bond's issuer. 5. Registrar an individual who is an official keeper of all the records which are made in a register. 6. Regression it is a statistical calculation that establishes the strength of the relationship between one dependent variable and independent variable. 7. Regulation Q it is a Federal Reserve Board regulation which restricts the interest rate banks can pay on savings deposits. 8. Regulatory Bodies - The bodies which are created as an independent organization by government to manage the activities of companies in an industry. 9. Regulatory Capture it is a theory connected with George Stigler, a Nobel laureate economist. It is the method by which regulatory agencies in the long run come to be dominated by the very industries they were charged with regulating. 10. Rehypothecation it is the act of pledging of securities in the customer margin accounts as collateral for a brokerage's bank loan.

11. Reinsurance - The act of transferring of risk by the insurer to other parties by some form of contract for lowering down the likelihood of having to pay a large obligation resulting from an insurance claim 12. Reinvoicing Center it is the department of a multinational company which manages all internal transactions. 13. Related-Party Transaction - A business deal or arrangement between two parties who are attached by a special association earlier to the deal. 14. Relationship banking it is an attempt to move one step forward in the sales culture beyond order taking to a more pro-active form of direct selling. 15. Relationship Manager - A professional whose main motive is to improve a relationship of the firm with both partner firms and customers. 16. Relative Return it is the return that an asset reaps over a period of time when compared to a benchmark. 17. Release of Lien it is an agreement among a lender and a borrower under which the lender releases the mortgaged asset or property, even though the debt duty remains in force. 18. Remittance it is the concept where monetary payment is transferred by a customer to a business. 19. Renewable Resource it is a substance of economic value that can be swap or replenished in the similar amount or less time as it takes to draw the supply down. 20. Renewal it is a clause in a lease that outlines the stipulations for renewing or extending an new lease contract. 21. Rent-A-Crowd - A group of people rented to make a business show busy. These are sometimes engaged on the grand openings of a fresh business to give the appearance that something is attracting. people
to the store, which then potentially attracts real customers, who come to see why the crowd has gathered.

22. Rent-An-Employee it is a business strategy whereby a company will employ fake staff to make a business seem busy. 23. Repackaging - When a private equity firm takes a public firm private by buying out all of its general stock with leverage loans. 24. Repatriation it is the act of converting a foreign currency into the currency of domestic country. 25. Repayment This is the act of returning back the money which was borrowed previously from a lender. 26. Repo 105 it is an accounting trick in which a company classifies a short-term loan as a sale and consequently uses the cash earnings from said sale to decrease its liabilities. 27. Report of Condition and Income it is a quarterly financial statement which banks, bank holding companies and Edge Act corporations must file with the FDIC under Section 1817(a)(1) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. 28. Representative Money it is a claim over a commodity, for example gold certificates or silver certificates. 29. Repricing Opportunity it is the variation in the rate of interest of an assets and liabilities which are interest-sensitive. 30. Reproduction Cost it is the cost which is involved in manufacturing the identically reproducing of an asset or property with the same materials and specifications as of insured property basis current prices. 31. Repurcahse Agreement it is the borrowing for a short term for the dealers of government securities. 32. Required Cash - it is the net dollar value which should be reflected up front by the buyer for closing the mortgage or to refinance an existing property. 33. Required Yield it is the rate of return which a bond should offer for becoming the worthwhile investment.

34. Requisition it is a formal request placed for something, majorly a written formal request on a printed form. 35. Research Analyst a professional individual whose main work is to prepare detail reports on equity securities. 36. Research And Development - R&D it is one of the departments whose main motive is to investigate businesses that elect to discover new products or procedures, or ways to improve existing products or procedures. 37. Research Associate - Research associates it carries the research of economic and finance activity. This analysis depends on the particular industry. 38. Reservable Deposit it is the deposited made by the bank depending on the reserve requirements. 39. Reserve Bank Of India RBI this is known as central banking of India and also controls the monetary policy of the rupee. 40. Reserve City Bank it is a bank which can be found in any city it also consist of a Federal Reserve bank or Federal Reserve branch office. 41. Reserve Currency-A foreign currency held by central banks and
other major financial institutions as a means to pay off international debt obligations, or to influence their domestic exchange rate. A large percentage of commodities, such as gold and oil, are usually priced in the reserve currency, causing other countries to hold this currency to pay for these goods. Holding currency reserves, therefore, minimizes exchange rate risk, as the purchasing nation will not have to exchange their currency for the current reserve currency in order to make the purchase.

Reserve Fund the amount which is set aside in a separate account by an individual or business for meeting any uncertain costs that may arise in the near future. 42. Reserve Maintenance Period it is the time frame in which banks and other depository institutions have to fulfill a certain level of funds required.

43. Reserve Ratio it is the ratio which all bank must have in hand in cash form. 44. Residual Income it the remaining amount of that an individual has left with after all personal debts have been paid. 45. Residual Interest it is the interest payment received by investors for a real estate mortgage investment conduit. 46. Resistance (Resistance Level) it is the price at which a stock or market can trade, but can t exceed, for a certain period of time. 47. Resolution Funding Corporation REFCORP it is a mixedownership of the government corporation which was created by Congress in year 1989 in collaboration with the Resolution Trust Corporation (RTC). 48. Restricted Asset it is an asset which is received or held by a party which is restricted legally or contractually be used or spent. 49. Restricted Fund - In non-for-profit accounting fund whose assets are restricted to chosen purposes as per contributor or grantor request. 50. Restricted Market it is a market which restricts a free-floating exchange rate, this type of the market is controlled by the government. 51. Restricted Stock when the insider holdings which is under some kind of retraction of sales. 52. Restructuring it is the changes made to the debt part, or to the structure of a company. 53. Restructuring Charge it is a one-time cost which has to be cleared by a company when it reorganizes. 54. Resume - it is a document which is used by individuals to furnish their background and skillets. 55. Retail Banking it is a mass banking where individual customers use local branches of the commercial banks. 56. Retail Broker he is a broker whose most of the customers are retail investors.

57. Retail Investor an individual who buy and sell securities for their personal account, inspite trading for another company or organization. 58. Retail Lender An individual lender who lends money to individuals rather than institutions. 59. Retail Price Index RPI it is an index that collect the prices of various retail goods in outlets across the United States for the purpose of finding the rate of inflation. 60. Retail Repurchase Agreement it is a substitute to regular savings deposits. 61. Retained Earnings The percentage of net earnings not paid
out as dividends, but retained by the company to be reinvested in its core business or to pay debt. It is recorded under shareholders' equity on the balance sheet.

Retention Bonus it is a payment of incentive used to induce the employees from leaving the organization. 62. Retention Ratio - it is the ratio of earnings credited to retained earnings. It is Calculated as: 63. Retirement it is the stage where an individual stops employment completely. 64. Retirement Contribution it is a monetary contribution to a retirement plan. It can be prior to tax or after tax, it depends on whether the retirement plan is qualified or not. 65. Return on Asset it indicates of how much profit a company has reaped relative to its total assets. 66. Return on Capital it reflect how effectively a company uses the money invested in its operations. 67. Return on Capital Employed - A ratio that reflects efficiency and profitability of a capital investment of a company. Calculated as:

68. Return On Capital Gains it is the return that one receives from the raise in the value of a capital asset (investment or real estate). 69. That Return On Debt ROD - to evaluate a performance of the company or calculate net income which relates to the amount of its issued debt. 70. Return on Equity it is the amount net income which is paid back to the shareholder as a percentage of shareholders equity. 71. Revaluation it refer to rise of a price of goods or products. The use of this term is done at the time of revaluation of a currency. 72. Revenue Officer an individual working for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) department of collections. 73. Revenue Recognition it is a principle of accounting under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) that explains the situation under which income becomes realized as revenue. 74. Revenue Regulation Fund it is the sovereign wealth fund for the nation of Algeria. 75. Reversal it is the change in the direction of the price trend. 76. Reversal Amount It is the movement of the price needed to shift a chart to the right. 77. Reverse Culture Shock it is shock experienced by some people who return home after a number long time from overseas. It can result in difficulty in readjusting. 78. Reverse Exchange it is a type exchange of the property where the replacement property is acquired first, afar that current property is traded away. 79. Revocable Line Of Credit - it is the credit which is offered to an individual or business by a bank or any other financial institution, which can be revoked at any time at the discretion of lender. 80. Revolving Credit it is credit line where the customer has to pay the fees committed and after that he is allowed to use the funds.

81. Revolving Door-A revolving door typically consists of three or four

doors that hang on a center shaft and rotate around a vertical axis within a cylindrical enclosure. Revolving doors are energy efficient as they prevent drafts, thus preventing increases in the heating or cooling required for the building.[1] At the same time, revolving doors allow large numbers of people to pass in and out.

82. Revolving Loan Facility it is loan allowed by any financial institution to the borrower for the purpose of business or personal and the borrower has the benefit to decide how they want to pay off the loan amount. 83. Revolving Underwriting Facility RUF this term is derived form of revolving credit where the group of underwriters decided to offer loans in the situation when a borrower is unable to sell in the Eurocurrency market. 84. Reykjavik Interbank Offered Rate REIBOR it is the interbank market rate related to short term loans at Icelandic commercial and savings banks. 85. Riding the Yield Curve-it is a trading strategy that is based upon the yield bend and is used for interest rate futures. Investors expect to attain capital gains by employing this approach. 86. Right Of First Offer it is a compulsion of the owner of an asset to a rights holder to bargain the sale of an asset with the rights owner before submission of asset for trade with third parties. 87. Right Of First Refusal it is the right given to a person or company for purchasing something and prior to its offer made available to others. 88. Right Of Foreclosure it is the ability of the lender to take control of the property which was used to safe guard if the borrower defaults on making payments. 89. Right of Offset - The "right of offset" is a grouping of state statutory and common law that allows a creditor to employ money that it owes to a debtor to compensate past due or defaulted obligations of the debtor to itself.

90. Right Of Redemption it is the legal right given to the mortgagor or borrower who is the owner of real estate and wish to reclaim his or her property. 91. Right Of Rescission it is the right given to the consumer for nullifying the contract within three business days of signing it without attracting any penalty. 92. Rio Hedge - When a trader who is facing financial or legal dilemma hedges his or her position in an investment with a permit to a tropical location (such as Rio de Janeiro). 93. Rio Trade - In the securities marketplace, a deal made in a anxious attempt to recover previous losses. 94. Risk it is the chance that the return yielded by an investment will be different than expected return. 95. Risk Analysis the process of analyzing the dangers caused to individuals, businesses and government agencies by some natural and adverse events caused by human. 96. Risk Arbitrage this type of risk exists in A. Merger and acquisition arbitrage it is the parallel process of purchasing of stock in a company which is been acquired and the selling the stock in the acquiring company. B. Liquidation arbitrage it is the manipulation of difference between the current value of a company and its estimated liquidation value. 97. Risk Assessment it is the measuring the quantitative or qualitative value of risk concerning to a situation and a recognized threat. 98. Risk Averse it is the explanation provided by an investor who, made choice between two investments proposition with a similar expected return) and will go for the one with the lower risk. 99. Risk Capital any investment funds allocated to speculative action. It refers to funds utilize for high-risk, high-reward investments such as junior mining.

100. Risk Control it is the process which firms use to examine any potential losses and take some precautionary action to reduce or eliminate such threats. 101. Risk Discount A situation where a particular investor, either
an individual or firm, decides to receive less of a return on their investment in exchange for less risk. The risk discount is the exact opposite of the risk premium, and the degree to which any one person chooses the amount of the discount will vary by person to person.

102. Risk Free Intetest Rate it is the rate of return received on an investment with no risk of financial loss. It reflects the interest that an investor can expect from a risk-free investment over a certain period of time. 103. Risk Management it is the process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing of risks followed by certain economical application of resources to lower down the chances of risk and control the impact of unfortunate events. 104. Risk Participation it is the kind of off-balance-sheet contract in which a bank sells its exposure to a reliant obligation, like banker s acceptance, to another financial institution. 105. Risk Reversal - this term is used in commodities trading, it is a hedge strategy that involve of selling a call and buying of put option. 106. Risk Tolerance it is the extent of uncertainty which investor can handle in respect to a negative variation in the value of the portfolio. 107. Risk-Adjusted Capital Ratio - An evaluation of financial institutions which compares total adjusted capital (TAC) with the institutions riskweighted assets. 108. Risk-Based Capital Requirement it is a requirement of liquid reserves placed over banks and institutions which deal in the venture which are risky. 109. Risk-Based Deposit Insurance - it is the premium of the deposit insurance which shows how prudently banks behave at the time of investing their deposit of the customers.

110. Risk-Free Asset it is an asset which has a certain future return attach with it. Majorly all the Treasuries bills are taken to be risk-free as they are backed by the U.S. government. 111. Risk-Free Rate Of Return it is the rate of return which explains investing in the avenue with zero risk. 112. Risk-Return Tradeoff it is the relationship between risk and return that holds, in this trade off one should be ready to accept higher risk for higher return. 113. Risk-Weighted Assets it is minimum amount of capital which is needed within banks and other institutions, basis of a percentage e of the assets, and weighted by risk. 114. Road Show it is a presentation by an issuer of securities to prospective buyers. It is anticipated to create interest in the securities. 115. Robber Barons it is a unscrupulous feudal lords who combined personal fortunes by using unlawful and corrupt business practices, like illegally charging tolls to passing merchant ships. 116. Robust it is the feature explaining the model's, test's or system's capacity to perform effectively while its variables are altered. 117. Roll Back - it is when an investor swap an old options position by a new one having an earlier expiration date. 118. Roll Forward - it is when an investor swaps an old options position by a new one having a later expiration date. 119. Rollercoaster Swap it is a cyclic exchange providing elasticity of payments at prearranged periods to best meet the counterparty's cyclical financing needs. 120. Rolling Returns it the yearly average return for a specified period ending with the listed year. 121. Rolling Settlement The process of settling security trades on
successive dates so that trades executed today will have a settlement date one business day later than trades executed yesterday. This contrasts with account settlement, in which all trades are settled once in a set period of days, regardless of when the trade took place.

122. Rollout it is a slang term for the introduction of a new product or service in the market. 123. Rollover it is the funds which are reinvest from a mature security into a new issue of a similar security. 124. Rollover Credit the interest which is paid to a forex trader holding a position overnight. 125. Rollover Debit - In trading of foreign exchange, any loss caused due to difference in daily interest rates among the currencies being traded. 126. Rose-Colored Recession it is the unanticipated hopefulness market observers from time to time experience during a recession. It represents the unnecessary positivity of the general public subsequent news or data released during a recession. 127. Round-Trip Trading it is a deed that attempts to blow up transaction volumes through the constant and frequent purchase and sale of a picky security, commodity or asset. 128. Royalty it is the payment made for the use of any property, especially a patent, copyrighted work, or natural resource. 129. Rubber Check - it is the name for a "bounced check." 130. Rubinomics it is a mixture of the words "Rubin" and "economics" that focuses on the impact of an unbiased budget on long-term interest rate. 131. Rumortrage it is the term frequently used by traders to refer to enlarged trading caused by a takeover buzz. 132. Run it consists of a series of bid and offer quotes of various securities or maturities. 133. Rust Belt these are the heavy industries area comprising of older factories, particularly those that are marginally profitable. 134. Rust Bowl it is a region that was once recognized for its manufacturing plants but is now deserted as these plants have either

disappeared out of business or moved to Latin America or Asia, where labor costs are poorer. 135. S&P Core Earnings- IT is a standard determining core earnings of a company that are the company profits derived from main business of the company. 136. S&P Phenomenon- It is the stock tendency newly added to the S&P index for temporary increase in price. 137. Sacrifice Ratio- It is the cost an economy incurs when the growth slows down or stops for overcoming inflation. 138. Safe (or Safety) Deposit Box- It is a box located in a bank used for storing valuables accessed with keys, pin numbers or security pass. 139. Safe Asset-It is an asset that does not have a lawsuit risk. 140. Safe Deposit Box- It is a strong box that contains valuables of an individual can be accessed only through passwords. 141. Safekeeping- It is the storage of valuable assets or other items in a protected area by using services of a bank or brokerage firm. 142. Salary It is a fixed compensation paid for the services on a regular basis. 143. Sale- It is the goods or services exchanged for an amount of money or its equivalent. 144. Sales Mix- It is the goods and services group a company provides and offers a wide product mix that carries less risk and also less profits. 145. Sales Mix Variance- It is the difference in the purchase quantity of the customer for every product or service in comparison to the quantities expected by business to sell. 146. Sales Tax-It is the tax paid to government for selling a good or service. 147. Sales to Cash Flow Ratio - It is a ratio to know the possibility of company being bankrupt and is derived by dividing sales per share from its cash flow per share.

148. Salomon Brothers- It was an investment bank of Wall Street formed in 1910 and was aquired in 1980 by the commodity trading firm Phibro Corporation. 149. Same-Day Funds- It refers to the Fund that is withdrawn on the same day it was deposited in a bank. 150. Same-Day Substitution- It is an offset change in the margin account, made on the trading day resulting in no overall change in the account value. 151. Sample Selection Bias- it is a collection of sample in a manner that some members of the population are not equally liked to be included than others. 152. Sampling- It is the selecting technique where a small portion or segment is selected as sample to take a decision. 153. Samurai Bond- IT is a Japanese bond denominated in yen and can be purchased by the individuals who do not reside in Japan. 154. Samurai Market-It is a slang term for the Japanese stock market in Japan usually purchased by non-residents of Japan. 155. Sandbag- It is a management stalling tactic used to make company disinterested in taking them over. 156. Satisfaction of Mortgage- It is a document release indicating the debt Is paid by in full. 157. Saver's Tax Credit- It is a tax credit that is non-refundable and given to individuals or households having less income that can contribute to qualified retirement savings plans. 158. Saving Bank-It is a bank receiving and investing the individual s saving and interest is paid on the deposits. 159. Savings and loan association-It is a financial institution specializing to accept deposits for savings and giving mortgage or other loans and is in existence in the United States. 160. Savings And Loan Crisis - S&L-it was the crisis from 1980s to 1990s when 747 out of the 3,234 savings and loan associations failed in the United States.

161. Savings Association Insurance Fund (SAIF)- It is the federal fund ensuring saving deposits and loan associations and is taken care by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. 162. Savings Club- IT is a group made by mutual understanding of the members for opening savings or other deposit account. 163. Savings- it refers to the left out income after spending. 164. Scalping- It is a strategy of trading attempting to make huge profits on small changes in prices 165. Scam It is a deliberate practice by an individual or a company for securing unfair or unlawful gain. 166. Scarcity Principle- IT is a principle of economics which states that scarcity of supply of a specific good has high demand in the market. 167. Scarcity-It refers to insufficient amount or supply of resources to meet the needs. 168. Scenario Analysis- It is an analyzing process of future events so that various possible outcomes can be evaluated. 169. Schedule I Bank- IT is a financial institution in Canada that is regulated by the Federal Bank Act and is not fully owned by nonresidents. 170. Schedule II Bank- It is a financial institution that is a foreign bank subsidiary and has the authority to accept deposits in Canada. 171. Scorched Earth Policy- It is an anti-takeover strategy followed by firm to liquidate its valuable and desired assets. 172. Scrap Paper-It refers to stock certificate that has no worth now as a result of company being bankrupt or closed. 173. Scrap Value- It is the value of physical asset that is useless for the individual who owns it. 174. Search Cost-it is the cost incurred in terms of time, energy and money by a consumer who is searching a product or service for purchasing.

175. Seasonal Adjustment-It is the method of statistics to remove the seasonal component of a time series used while analyzing trends of non season. 176. Seasonal Credit-It is the rate of credit that is applied to loans having short duration provided to small lending institutions by Central Bank to resolve the purpose of providing liquidity. 177. Seasonal Industry- It refers to the Sector of economy having high and low cycles on the basis of recurring weather phenomenon or holiday or vacation periods. 178. Second Mortgage-it refers to the second loan that is taken against property and signifies that first mortgage will be paid of prior to second mortgage. 179. Secondary Beneficiary-refers to a person who gets the benefit if a will, trust or insurance because of the death of first person. 180. Secondary Business-It refers to the sector involved in manufacturing business like construction goods, Dairy Crest etc. 181. Secondary Buyout-A type of leveraged buyout in which a
financial sponsor or private equity firm sells its investment in a company to another financial sponsor or private equity firm, thereby ending its involvement with the company in question. Historically speaking, secondary buyouts are often perceived to be "panic" sales and, thus, are sometimes hard to consummate. Secondary buyouts are not the same as secondary market purchases, or "secondaries," which typically involve the acquisition of entire portfolios of assets.

Secondary holders- it refers to the holders of shares who will be paid out after paying to the main holders of the shares. 182. Secondary Liability-It is a obligation legally on one party being responsible for the other party s action. 183. Secondary Liquidity-It is a liquidity type which is initial public offerings portion and is done after distribution of shares to both retailer and institutional player.

184. Secondary Market-It is a market where securities are purchased by one investor from other investor and not from issuing company. 185. Secondary Offering-It is the new stock issue for public sale by a company which has already made its initial public offering. 186. Secondary Reserves-It refers to assets which are invested in safe, marketable and short-term securities like Treasury bills. 187. Secondary Stock-It refers to the stock which has more risk attached to it than blue chips as it has got small market capitalization. 188. Sector Analysis-It is the analysis or assessment of the conditions currently prevailing and future prospects of a particular sector of the economy. 189. Sector Breakdown-It is the arrangement of sectors inside a fund or portfolio generally it is a percentage of the equity asset class. 190. Secular Market-It is a market that has driving forces which were in place for many years and results in hike or fall in the price of an investment for a long time period. 191. Secure Electronic Transaction (SET)-it refers to standards set to secure credit card transactions done by insecure networks like Internet transactions. 192. Secured Bond-IT is a bond that is issued against some asset and in case of default the asset is passed to the bondholders. 193. Secured Card-It is a credit card which has got a savings account attached as collateral for the credit limit of the card. 194. Secured Creditor-It refers to the creditor having security of the assets of the debtor. 195. Secured Debt- IT is a debt that is issued against some collateral and in case of default the collateral is seized by the bank. 196. Securities And Exchange Board Of India (SEBI)-It is the body that regulates the investment market of India and maintains stability and efficiency in market by creation and enforcement of rules in the marketplace.

197. Securities Fraud-It is a illegal act where an individual or company misleads investors by giving wrong or misleading information. 198. Securities Lending-It refers to lending of a stock, derivative or any other security to an investor or firm against collaterals by borrower. 199. Securities Loan It is a loan that is collateralized through marketable securities. 200. Securities Subsidiary-It is a company which is under the control of a large bank or financial holding company. 201. Securities-IT refers to the instruments of financing or investing purchase and sold in financial markets like bonds. 202. Securitize- It is group of financial assets pooled to create a new security which is marketed and sold to investors. 203. Security Analyst-Is an individual studying different industries and companies and present research and valuation reports for purchase or sell of securities. 204. Security Deposit-It is a deposit of money seller gives to a lender as an intent proof which can be refundable or not as per the terms of the agreement. 205. Security Interest-it is a claim legally made on collateral that backed loan for obtaining a loan. 206. Seed Capital- It is the initial capital required for starting a business giving by company founder s personal assets or friends and family. 207. Seigniorage- It is the economic cost to produce a currency in a given economy or country which may result in profit or loss. 208. Self-Amortizing Loan-It is a loan where both principal and interest amount is periodic paid for paying off the loan. 209. Self-Employed-It refers to an individual who working for one's self and gets income from a trade operated by him or her. 210. Self-Help- it is an alert by a trading exchange that a problem has occurred on one of the exchanges and so it should be temporarily bypassed for regular flow of orders.

211. Self-Regulatory Organization (SRO)-it is an organization of nongovernment type having powers for creating and enforcing industry rules and standards. 212. Sell Side-It refers to retail broker or research department selling securities and making recommendations to the customers of brokerage firm. 213. Sell Signal-It is a signal for investors to sell a particular investment that attentive analyst and investor observe because of good understanding of the stock market. 214. Sell To Close-It is a phrase used on the street by brokerages for the closing of long position in option transactions. 215. Sell To Open- It is a phrase used on the street by brokerages for the opening of long position in option transactions. 216. Seller-It is the party of a sale transaction that makes or offers a sale to buyer. 217. Seller's Market-It is a market where the number of buyer is more than sellers and results in high prices. 218. Sell-Off-it is the selling of securities that is repaid like stock. 219. Sell-Out -It is the compromised integrity, morality or principles for money or success. 220. Senate Bill- It is the proposed legislation portion which requires majority approval by the Senate and the House of Representatives to become a law. 221. Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices (SOSLP) A quarterly survey completed by 75 banks consisting
of 53 domestic and 23 foreign branches operating in the United States. The Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices (SOSLP) gathers information on how officials feel about policy changes made, possible future policy changes and changes in supply/demand for certain products. The survey is completed in time to be discussed at the quarterly Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meetings.

222. Sensex It is an abbreviation of the Bombay Exchange Sensitive Index which is the benchmark index of the Bombay Stock Exchange and has 30 stocks that are largest and most actively-traded. 223. Sensitivity Analysis- it is a technique for determining the impact of an independent variable on dependent variable If set of assumptions exist. 224. Sensitivity- It is the degree of response to which instrument is sensitive for an incoming signal. 225. Separate Account- It is an investment account that is privately managed and brokerage or financial advisor opens it to use pooled money for purchasing individual assets. 226. Sequential Growth- IT is a company's short-term financial performance measurement for comparing recent period s results with the results of immediately preceding period. 227. Sequestered Account-It is a deposit account that is seized by the order of court or law and cannot be operated without the approval of court. 228. Series E Bond- it is a bond that is issued at 75% of the face amount and is reported for income tax purposes of the year it is redeemed. 229. Service Charge- it is a charge additionally levied for a service on which the basic fee is already paid. 230. Service Sector Service Shares- IT is a fund traded on exchange investing in consumer and financial services companies. 231. Set-Off Clause-It is a clause by law giving authority to the lender for seizing the deposits by debtor deposits if he or she defaults on a loan. 232. Settlement It is the process for settling the transaction through adjustments on both sides of the party. 233. Settlement Date- It refers to the date till when settlement of an executed trade must be done.

234. Settlement Period- It is the time period from the settlement date and till the transaction date allotted to the parties of a transaction for satisfying the obligations of the transaction. 235. Settlement Price- It refers to the average price which is the base of contract trades for calculating at the opening and closing of every trading day. 236. Settlement Risk- It is the risk attached with one party failing in delivering the contract terms with other party at the settlement time. 237. Seven Day Yield- It is the dividend and interest fund earns and pay out in the seven-day period after deducting management fees incurred in those seven days. 238. Shadow Banking System- It refers to the financial intermediaries that are involved in the facilitation of creating the credit throughout the global financial system and the members are under the regulatory oversight. 239. Shadow Inventory- It is a term referring to real estate properties that are in foreclosure and not been sold yet or homes of the owners who delay in putting in the market till prices improve. 240. Shadow Market- It is a private unregulated market where investors purchase shares of companies not publicly traded currently. 241. Shakeout-Shakeout is a term used in business and economics to
describe the consolidation of an industry or sector, in which businesses are eliminated or acquired through competition.[1] It may also refer to a situation in which many investors exit their positions, often at a loss, due to uncertainty in the market or recent bad news circulating around a particular security or industry.[2]

242. Shakeup- It is a event and process series that is done by a company's management team to change or reorganize itself to improve its current situation. 243. Share Capital-It refers to fund that is rose through shares issue in return of cash or other considerations. 244. Share Certificate- it is a certificate legally acknowledged as an ownership proof in a firm.

245. Share Draft- it is a draft credit unions use as a method for accessing funds in individual accounts just like personal checking accounts of banks. 246. Share Repurchase- It is a program of buying back of company its own shares from the marketplace and reducing the outstanding shares. 247. Share Turnover-it is a measure to calculate the liquidity of the stock derived by dividing the total shares traded in a period from the average shares outstanding in that period. 248. Shared National Credit Program- It is a program for providing a review that is efficient and consistent and classify any large syndicated loan. 249. Share-Draft Account-it checks the consumer Account and allows credit-union members in accessing the balances of their shares by writing drafts on their accounts. 250. Shareholder Activist- It refers to an individual who uses his or her rights of being a shareholder of a company that is publicly-traded and try to bring in a social change. 251. Shareholder Equity Ratio-It is a ratio that determines the amount of money received by the shareholders if company liquidates. 252. Shareholder- It refers to an individual, company, or any institution owning minimum one share in a company. 253. Shareholders' Equity-It refers to the average price at which the trading of contract is done and is calculated at the opening and closing of every trading day. 254. Shares- it refers to one unit of ownership interest in a company or financial asset. 255. Shark Repellent- It is a Slang term for any one measure taken by company to get rid of an unwanted or hostile takeover attempt. 256. Shark Watcher- It is a specialized firm in the early detection of takeovers.

257. Sharpe Ratio-It is a ratio for measuring risk-adjustment performance and is derived from the difference between risk-free rate and the rate of return for a portfolio and then dividing it by the standard deviation of the portfolio returns. 258. Shell Branch- it is a branch location of U.S. chartered bank that is located outside the host country that functions as a booking office for the financial transactions of the bank. 259. Shingle Theory- It is a doctrine introduced by the Securities and Exchange Commission for protect his or her customer to make suggestions regarding securities. 260. Shirkah- It is an Islamic finance term describing partnership among two or more individuals. 261. Shock Absorber- A shock absorber is a mechanical device designed to
smooth out or damp shock impulse, and dissipate kinetic energy. It is a type of dashpot.

262. Shogun Bond- it is a foreign-currency denomination bond issued in Japan by foreign entities. 263. Short And Distort- It is an illegal practice due to unethical internet investors who short-sell a stock and then spread rumors or bad news to drive down the price of equity. 264. Short Covering- It refers to purchase of securities for closing an opening short position done by purchasing the same type and number of securities sold short. 265. Short Interest Ratio- IT is a ratio derived by dividing short interest from the average daily volume for a stock. 266. Short It is the sale of a security, commodity or currency borrowed with the expectation that the value of the asset will fall. 267. Short Rate Model- It is the rate of interest at which an individual or company can borrow money for a very short time. 268. Short Selling- It is the security selling that is not owned by the seller or sale not completed by the delivery of a security seller borrows.

269. Short Squeeze- It is a situation when there is lack of supply and an excess demand for a traded stock forces the price upward. 270. Short Term- It refers to an asset or commodity that is hold for a short time period as is convertible in cash in the next year. 271. Shortage- It is the situation when available supply is less than the demand for the product or service. 272. Shortfall- It is the difference between quantity supplied and quantity demanded. 273. Short-Term Debt-It is a debt in the portion of current liabilities of the balance sheet of the company that includes debt incurred by a company due in one year. 274. Short-Term Gain- It refers to the capital gain from the capital asset s sale or exchange held for one year or less. 275. Short-Term Loss- It refers to the capital loss from the capital asset s sale or exchange held for one year or less. 276. Short-Term Paper- It is a financial instrument having maturity of less than nine months and generally issued at discount and provides an investment alternative having low-risk. 277. Shotgun Clause- It is a provision of buy-sell related parties used in business venture giving an investor in the partnership offer right of his portion to a partner at a particular price. 278. Shrinkage- It is an amount inventory on hand is short than the recorded amount of inventory. 279. Side Collateral- It refers to a physical asset, financial asset or personal guarantee that collateralizes a loan partially. 280. Signaling Approach- It is the signal that insider might have information that is not available in the market. 281. Signature Card-A card that must be signed by an individual who
is openingan account at a bank or other similar institution. This card is kept on file, and it is used by the bank to confirm the identify of the person when they return, for example to access theirsafe deposit box.-

282. Signature Loan-It is a personal loan bank or other financial company offers that uses only the signature of borrower and promise for paying as collateral. 283. Silent Bank Run-It is a situation where a bank depositor withdraws funds without entering the bank physically like through ATM. 284. Silent Second Mortgage- It is a secondary mortgage that is placed on an asset and the lender of the original loan is not disclosed and typically used when down payment is not affordable by the purchaser. 285. Siliconaires- It is slang for young dotcom entrepreneur in the 20s and 30s who became rich because of stock option from the Silicon Valley Internet companies. 286. Silo Mentality- It is organizations attitude occurring when various departments do not share information with other individuals of the same company. 287. Silver Parachute- It is a severance form paid to company employees if it is taken over by another. 288. Simple Moving Average (SMA) It is a simple arithmetic moving average calculated by aggregating the closing price of the security for a particular time periods and dividing its total by the number of time periods. 289. Sinful Stock- It is a stock of a company involved in activities considered as unethical or immoral. It is also called as sin stock. 290. Single Payment Options Trading (SPOT)- It is an option type product allows an investor for setting not only the conditions that is required to be met for receiving a desired payout and the size of the payout he or she wishes to receive incase condition is met. 291. Single-Digit Midget-It is a term used for stock of companies which has seen a high price drop or has a price below $10 per share. 292. Sinker- It is a bond with payments provided by the issuer s sinking fund set aside to repurchase a portion of the bonds issued each year.

293. Sinking Fund-It is a fund for repaying funds that was borrowed by a bond issue and periodic payments are made to a trustee retiring part of the issue by purchasing the bonds in the open market. 294. Sir Allen Stanford- He was a banker who was investigated for securities fraud of more than 8 billion dollar. 295. Six Sigma- It is a program of quality-control that emphasizes improvement of cycle-time and reduces manufacturing defects to an extent not more than 3.4 per million. 296. Skewness - it refers to an asymmetry formed by the normal distribution of a set of statistical data which can be negative or positive. 297. Skilled Labor-It is a work force segment having high skill level creating significant economic value through the work performed. 298. Skip Account- It refers to borrower defaulting on a loan and skipping on repayment by moving on without providing a correct forwarding address. 299. Skirt Length Theory- it is a stock market theory which says if skirt is short it means the markets is going up and if skirt is long it means the markets is going down. 300. Slippage- It is the difference in the expected price of the trade and the price at which it is actually executed. 301. Slow Loan-A loan that a lender considers at risk for
nonpayment. Banks and lending institutions will often set aside a portion of their cash reserves to hedge against potential slowloan losses. The Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) originally provided a regulatory definition of a slow loan.

302. Slow Market- It is a market exhibiting low trading volumes currently or low volatility levels. 303. SLR- It is the currency market also called as the foreign-exchange market that is the largest financial market of the world having daily average of more than 1 trillion dollar. 304. Sluggish Economy- It is the economy state where the growth is slow, flat or declining.

305. Slump- It is a term referring to a period when there is poor performance or inactivity in an economy, market or industry. 306. Slush Fund- It is a fund not having a specific purpose which is illegal. 307. Small Cap-It refers to stocks having small market capitalization ranging from 300 million dollar to 2 billion dollar. 308. Small Saver Certificate (SSC) It is a savings account of deposit having no requirement for minimum balance. 309. Smart Money-It refers to cash investment by those who are considered as experienced, well-informed, in-the-know or all three. 310. Social Audit- It is a review of a company s endeavors formally done for social responsibility which looks at factors like charitable giving etc. 311. Social Commerce- It is an electronic commerce employing social media in promoting online transactions. 312. Social Responsibility- It is the principle stating that company is supposed to contribute in the welfare of society and should not only be focused on profit maximization. 313. Social Security It refers to social insurance program that provides protection for socially recognized conditions like poverty, unemployment, disability etc 314. Social Security Number (SSN)-It is a number assigned to individuals for the purpose of identification. 315. Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) - It is an investment that makes company socially responsible for the nature of the business the company conducts like not selling addictive substances. 316. Socionomics- It is the study of moods and effects of social behavior and actions on the economy, financial markets and political preferences. 317. Soft Commissions- It is a commission which helps investment companies in covering some of the expenses by trading commissions

like research from a counter party in exchange of using the brokerage services. 318. Soft Currency-It is a currency having fluctuating value because of the political or economic uncertainty of the economy. 319. Soft Dollars-It refers to brokerage firms paying for their services through commission revenue. 320. Sole Proprietorship- It is a business having one owner paying income tax on profits from the business. 321. Solvency-The ability of a corporation to meet its long-term
fixed expenses and to accomplish long-term expansion and growth.

322. Solvency Ratio-It is the ratios for measuring the ability of a company in meeting long-term obligations. 323. South African Reserve Bank-It is the South Africa republic reserve bank that formulates and implements South Africa's monetary policy and ensures the South Africa's efficiency of financial system. 324. Sovereign Bond-It is a debt security national government issues in a given country and is denominated in the foreign currency. 325. Sovereign Credit Rating-It is the credit rating for a country or sovereign that helps investors to know the level of risk attached in investing in a particular country and includes political risks. 326. Sovereign Debt-It is the debt issued by a national government in a foreign currency for financing the issues related to country's growth. 327. Sovereign Default-It is a default in the event of payment of the debts by the county's government. 328. Sovereign Risk-It is the risk attached with foreign central bank because of alteration in the foreign-exchange regulations and reduces the value of foreign-exchange contracts. 329. Special Drawing Rights (SDR) It is an international monetary reserve currency by the International Monetary Fund operating as a supplement of the existing reserve of member countries.

330. Special Economic Zone (SEZ) It is the area of country possessing special economic regulations varying from other areas of the same country. 331. Special Finance-IT is the auto lending industry sector for borrowers having limited or problematic credit history. 332. Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA)- It is a term used by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in the National Flood Insurance Program for referring to the land area covered by the floodwaters of the base or 100-year flood 333. Speculation-It is the financial actions which do not have safety of the initial investment as the return on the principal sum. 334. Spike-It is the execution of trade order that is the slip of confirmation and lists all the data pertaining to it like stock symbol, price etc. 335. Spot Delivery Month-It refers to the nearest month in which commodity trade is delivered currently in commodity market. 336. Spot Exchange Rate-It is foreign-exchange contract rate for immediate delivery. It is also called as benchmark rates. 337. Spot Loan- It is a mortgage loan that borrower makes for purchasing a single unit in the multi-unit building. 338. Spot Price-It refers to the current price of a specific commodity that can be purchased or sold at a certain time and place. 339. Spot Rate- It refers to the current rate of interest of a specific commodity that can be purchased or sold at a certain time and place. 340. Spot Trade- It refers to buy or sale of a foreign currency or commodity to deliver immediately and settlement is done on the spot. 341. Spread Trade- spread trade is the simultaneous purchase of
one security and sale of a related security, called legs, as a unit. Spread trades are usually executed with options or futures contracts as the legs, but other securities are sometimes used. They are executed to yield an overall net position whose value, called the spread, depends on the difference between the prices of the legs. Common spreads are priced and traded as a unit on futures exchanges rather than as individual legs, thus ensuring

simultaneous execution and eliminating the execution risk of one leg executing but the other failing.

342. Stagflation-It occurs when there is no growth in the economy and prices keep on growing. 343. Stale-Dated Check- It is the check presented for paying bank in six months or more after the original issue date. 344. Standard & Poor's 500 Index (S&P 500)-It refers to an index of chosen 500 stocks for a particular market size, liquidity and industry grouping with other factors. 345. Standard Deviation-It is a measure of investment volatility that applies to the investment s annual rate of return. 346. Standard Lot-It is the lot of 100,000 units of the currency quoted in a forex trade and equals to trade size. 347. Standby Letter of Credit (SLOC)- It is a payment guarantee bank issues on the client s behalf to be used as payment of last resort if client fails in fulfilling the commitment of contract with the third party. 348. Standing Mortgage- It is a loan of interest-only type having no amortization of principal in the whole life of the loan and amortizes fully at the end of the life. 349. State Bank- It is a bank chartered by a state for providing commercial banking mainly concerned to influence government's monetary policy. 350. State Banking Department- It is the department in each State supervising the state bank s operation and affair. 351. Statement- It is the document of a particular period given by bank having the details of transaction of the bank account. 352. Statistics-It is the mathematical analysis that involves usage of quantified representations, models and to summaries a given set of historical data or observations of real world. 353. Statutory Audit-It is the review of the company's accuracy and fairness in representation of financial records legally done.

354. Statutory Reserves-it is a reserve of assets and marketable investments regulated by law and Insurance companies require holding if company becomes insolvent. 355. Sterling Overnight Interbank Average Rate (SONIA) - It was established by the Wholesale Markets Brokers Association in Britain because before this there is no Sterling overnight funding rate. 356. Stimulus Package-It is a package of economic measures brought together by the government for stimulating a floundering economy. 357. Stipend- It is an amount of money provided to ineligible candidates periodically to help in offset expenses. 358. Stock Ahead- It is a situation where an order is placed and not executed as previously sent order involves the same price. 359. Stock Broker- Is an individual who purchase and sell shares or other securities through Agency Only Firms on the part of investors. 360. Stock Dividend-It is an incentive given in the form of additional shares and not as cash. 361. Stock ETF- It is a security tracking a group of equities just like an index. 362. Stock exchange It is an exchange providing services to stock brokers and traders for trading stocks, bonds or other securities. 363. Stock- It is a type of security having ownership in a company and represents claim in corporation's assets and earnings. 364. Stock Market Crash- It is a most rapid and generally unanticipated drop in stock prices. 365. Stock Market- It is a market where issuing and trading of shares are done through exchange or over-the-counter markets. 366. Stock Quote- It is listing of prices of a stock at a specific time during the trading day. 367. Stock Split- It is an action of company where existing shares of a company are divided into multiple shares. 368. Stock Swap- It is the exchange between two assets.

369. Stock Valuation It is the method to calculate companies and their stocks value and is used to predict future market prices. 370. Stockholm Interbank Offered Rate (STIBOR)- It is interbank offer rate officially used for short term loans in Sweden. 371. Stop Hunting- It is a strategy attempting to force some market participants out of their position by affecting the price of an asset to a level when many individuals chose to set their stop-loss orders. 372. Stop Order- It is a buy or sale order for a security when its price goes beyond a particular point and ensures a good possibility to achieve a predefined entry or exit price, 373. Stop Payment- It is the instruction given by a bank account holder of not honoring payment to his or her financial institution. 374. Strategic Default- It refers to default which is deliberately made as a result of financial strategy. 375. Strategic Gap Analysis- It is the analysis of the difference between a desired outcome and an actual outcome. 376. Stress Testing- It is a technique of simulation on asset and liability portfolios for determining their reactions to various financial situations. 377. Stretch Loan- It is a loan which is extended to an individual or subsidiary company which requires a large part of cash flow for servicing the loan on a monthly basis. 378. Strike Price- It is a price on which exercise of a specific derivative contract can be done used for describing stock and index options at which prices are fixed in the contract. 379. Strong Buy- It is a stock purchase type recommended by analyst for a specific stock expected to dramatic change. 380. Structural Adjustment- It is a credit facility helping developing countries to be more economical and has an intention to reduce the current account debt of a debtor nation. 381. Structural Unemployment-.Unemployment resulting from
changes in the basic composition of the economy. These changes simultaneously open new positions for trained workers.

382. Structured Finance- It is a finance usually involving very complex financial transactions by many large financial institutions of companies having unique financing needs. 383. Structured Investment Vehicle (SIV) - it is a investment asset group attempting for profits from credit spreads among short-term and long-term structured finance products. 384. Student Loan- It is a loan students are offered for paying off expenses related to education like college fees. 385. Subprime Borrower- Is an individual who is having a belowaverage credit history and bears penalty for poor credit with high interest rates. 386. Subprime Credit- It refers to the subprime debt borrowings given to people having less-than-perfect credit histories. 387. Subprime- It refers to group of borrowers having limited or tainted credit history. 388. Subprime Loan- It is a loan type offered at a above prime rate to individuals not qualifying for prime rate loans. 389. Subprime Market- It is the market where lenders and borrowers having subprime credit transact. 390. Subprime Meltdown- It is a financial crisis arising in the market of mortgage because of sharp increase in mortgage foreclosures. 391. Subprime Mortgage-It is a mortgage type generally given to borrowers having low credit ratings. 392. Subsidiary Bank- It is a foreign bank type present in the host country but is owned by a foreign parent bank. 393. Subsidy- It is a benefit government gives to group or individual for removing some type of burden in the form of cash payment or tax reduction. 394. Substitute Check- It is a substitute of check copied electronically and requires strict guidelines to be met in regard to create it.

395. Sunk Cost- It is a cost made for the activities which are irreversible. 396. Super NOW Account- It is an account offering higher interest rate as compared to NOW account and lower interest as compared to money market account. 397. Super Regional Bank-It is a bank of mid-size present in multiple states which is smaller than the national banks and bigger than regional banks. 398. Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (SCAP) - It is a Federal Reserve System s financial stress test conducted for assessing capital buffers of U.S. banking organizations. 399. Supply Chain Management (SCM) It is a product s supply chain managing and coordinating for increasing efficiency and profitability. 400. Surplus- It refers to excess of assets over liabilities or income over expenditures. 401. Surrender Charge-A fee levied on a life insurance policyholder
upon cancellation of his or her life insurance policy. The fee is used to cover the costs of keeping the insurance policy on the insurance provider's books.

402. Surrender Fee- It is a fee charged from investors because of withdrawing fund earlier by an insurance contract. 403. Surrender Period- It is the period for which investor should wait till he withdraws funds from an annuity without paying penalty. 404. Sushi Bond- It is a Eurobond Japanese company issue and does not apply Japanese law on the holdings of foreign securities. 405. Suspense Account It is an account for storing short-term funds or security till the time permanent decision comes into effect. 406. Swap Contract- It refers to exchanging some benefits of one party's financial instrument with the other party's financial instrument. 407. Swap Markets- It is a market where exchange of some benefits of one party's financial instrument is done with other party's financial instrument.

408. Swap Ratio- It is a ratio where acquiring company offers its own shares in exchange with target company's shares for a merger or acquisition. 409. Swap Spread-It is the calculated by subtracting the negotiated rate from fixed rate of a swap determined by market supply and credit rating. 410. Swaption- It is an option exercised for entering into a swap of interest rate. 411. Sweat Equity-It is the equity created by a company as a result of hard work form the owner. 412. Sweep Account- It is an account in which the exceeding or shortfall amount is automatically transferred of a certain level into a higher interest earning investment option at the end of each trading day. 413. Swingline Loan- It is a loan granted to institutions for covering shortfalls because of other debt commitments. 414. Swiss National Bank- It is the bank responsible to set Switzerland's monetary policy and issues Swiss franc banknotes. 415. Switch- It is a strategy for future trading involved in offset of one contract entering into another position having nearly identical details but a longer expiration. 416. SWOT Analysis- It is an analysis identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an organization. 417. Syndicate- It is a professional financial services group temporarily handling large transaction which is difficult for the individual entities to handle. 418. Synthetic Forward Contract- It is a position where the investor is long from a call option and short from a put option. 419. Synthetic Futures Contract- It is a position made by aggregating call and put options to mimic the payout schedule and futures contract characteristics.

420. System Open Market Account (SOMA) It is an account Federal Reserve Bank manages having assets acquired through operations in the open market. 421. Systematic Sampling- A method of selecting sample members
from a larger population according to a random starting point and a fixed, periodic interval. Typically, every "nth" member is selected from the total population for inclusion in the sample population. Systematic sampling is still thought of as being random, as long as the periodic interval is determined beforehand and the starting point is random.

422. Tail Risk- it is a portfolio risk which arises when there is the possibility that an investment will shift more than three standard deviations from the mean. 423. Takeover it is an action where an acquiring company makes a bid for an acquiree. 424. Takedown it is the price at which underwriters obtains securities to be offered to the public. 425. Take-Home Pay it is the remaining pay after the addition of bonuses and deduction of the taxes, health care premiums, and retirement savings plans. 426. Takeout when the bid is made for the entirety of a security that is down by the seller. 427. Take-Out Commitment it is type of agreement of mortgage purchase. 428. Take-out lenders - it is the financial institution which offer a longterm mortgage on property. 429. Takeout Value it if the predicted value of a company if is to be taken private or acquired. 430. Takeover Artist - An investor or company whose main motive is to point out the companies which are attractive buy and can be turned around for making profit.

431. Takeover Bid it is type of corporate action it involve an offer made by acquiring company to the target shareholder of the company to buy the target shares for the purpose of gaining the control on the business. 432. Take-Profit Order - T/P the order which is used by traders of the currency specifying the certain rate from the current price point and specifying where to close the current position in order to make the profit. 433. Tandem Loan when two loans are being taken out on one asset, which can be house; the secondary loan is added to a primary loan. 434. Tandem Plan it is a program subsidized by the U.S. government for the mortgage. 435. Tangible Asset - Assets which are in physical form. 436. Tangible Cost it is cost which is quantifiable and it is related to any identifiable source or asset. 437. Tangible Net Worth it is measure of the physical worth of a company, which is exclusive of any value which is derived from intangible assets such as copyrights, patents and intellectual property. 438. Tangible Personal Property it is a tax term used to describe the personal property that can be physically relocated. 439. Target Cash Balance it is the ideal cash amount that a company decided to hold as a reserve at certain point in time. 440. Target Firm Any company which is subjected for a merger or acquisition attempt. 441. Target Market A target market is a group of customers that
the business has decided to aim its marketing efforts and ultimately its merchandise.[1] A well-defined target market is the first element to a marketing strategy. The target market and the marketing mix variables of product,place(distribution), promotion and price are the four elements of a marketing mix strategy that determine the success of a product in themarketplace.

442. Target Rate -it is the rate of interest which is charged by depository institution for an overnight sale of balances at the Federal Reserve to another depository institution.

443. Target Return it is the model of pricing for the business which is based on the investor would wish to make from invested capital in the company. 444. Target Risk Fund -A fund which targets to expose its investors to a certain amount of risk. 445. Target-Benefit Plan this plan is similar to a defined benefit plan as the contributions are made on the basis on projected retirement benefits. 446. Target-Date Fund it is called as a lifecycle or age-based fund this is a collective investment scheme, it is one of themes in mutual fund, which is formulated to provide a simple solution of investment by an asset mix which becomes less aggressive as the target date approaches. 447. Tariff it refers to tax on imports or exports, or a list or schedule of prices. 448. Tax it is the money which one owes to the government in a given year. 449. Tax Accounting it is an accounting method which concentrates on taxes rather than public financial statements. 450. Tax Advisor An individual who is a financial expert and specially trained in tax law and render his services in case when one require a suggestion regarding the tax. 451. Tax And Price Index TPI - it is the calculation of the percentage that an income of the consumer have to adjust, in order to stay on the same level of purchasing power. 452. Tax Arbitrage it the act of analyzing the differences between the different ways treating the transactions for tax purposes. 453. Tax Attribute it is the loss or credit on tax which must be lowered as a result of the exclusion of cancellation debt from the gross income of the taxpayer.

454. Tax Avoidance when some legal technique is used to manipulate the financial statement of an individual for the purpose of lowering the amount of income tax owed. 455. Tax Base it is the assessed value of a set of assets, investments or income that are subjected to taxation, or the value of a single asset that is subject to taxation. 456. Tax Benefit it is the allowable deduction on a tax return lower down burden of the taxpayer. 457. Tax Bracket it is the cutoff values for income which is taxable income post a certain point will be taxed at a higher rate. 458. Tax Break it is a slang term which relates to any item which helps to reduces tax, including any tax exemption, tax deduction, or tax credit. 459. Tax Cheat it is an individual or group of people who, through fraud, dishonesty or avoidance, which does not pay the amount of tax that, is necessary are abided. 460. Tax Court these are the courts which deal only with tax issues. 461. Tax Credit A tax credit is a sum deducted from the total amount a
taxpayer owes to the state. A tax credit may be granted for various types of taxes, such as an income tax, property tax, or VAT. It may be granted in recognition of taxes already paid, as a subsidy, or to encourage investment or other behaviors. In some systems tax credits are 'refundable'[1] to the extent they exceed the relevant tax. Tax systems may grant tax credits to businesses or individuals, and such grants vary by type of credit.

462. Tax Deed it is a legal instrument that shifts the absolute title to the purchaser of a property which is sold for the non-payment of taxes, post the expiration of the period of redemption. 463. Tax Deferred it is the earning like interest, dividends or capital gains that is tax free nature till the time the investor withdraws it and takes possession of them. 464. Tax Exempt it refers to a certain monetary exemption which can is claimed by an individual for the purpose of reducing taxable income.

465. Tax Fraud it is the fraud which happens when an individual or business entity intentionally files false information on a tax return for the purpose of reducing the tax liability. 466. Tax Holiday it is the government incentive program which offers a tax reduction. 467. Tax Home A primary place of individual for work or residence. This term at the time of determining tax on travel or any transportation expenses. 468. Tax Identification Number TIN it is the number of nine-digit used by the IRS for tracking for the tax purposes. 469. Tax Liability it is the total amount of tax which an entity is mandatory to pay to an authority due to the occurrence of a taxable event. 470. Tax Lien it is a lien which imposed by law over a property to safeguarding the payment of taxes. 471. Tax Lien Certificate it is a certificate which is claimed against the property which has a lien upon it due to unpaid property taxes. 472. Tax Lien Foreclosure - it is the properties that have been foreclosed due to default in paying taxes, it can be anything like property taxes, income taxes or any other taxes which may be imposed on any type of property. 473. Tax Lot Accounting it is the technique of keeping record for each and every details like dates of purchase and sale, cost basis, and transaction size for every security in the portfolio. 474. Tax Planning it is the analysis of a financial situation from tax point of view, so as to align all financial goals with tax planning. 475. Tax Refund it is a refund which one gets on taxes at the time when the liability of tax is less than the taxes paid. 476. Tax Refund Anticipation Loan RAL it is a loan which is provided by a third party against the expected refund of the taxpayer.

477. Tax Relief it refers to breaks for tax and write-offs which reduces the amount of tax to be paid or otherwise offer concessions for taxpayers. 478. Tax Return it is the tax form or forms which are required to file income taxes with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). 479. Tax Year it is the time period which is taken by a particular tax return. 480. Taxable Bond it is a debt security on which investor has to pay tax on the return to the local, state or federal level, or some combination thereof. 481. Taxable Estate The total value of a deceased person's assets
that are subject to taxation - minus liabilities and minus the prescribed tax-deductible portion of assets left behind by the deceased.

482. Taxable Event it is an event or transaction which results in a tax for the party who executes the event. 483. Taxable Gain Any profit from the sale of an asset which attract taxation. 484. Taxable Income it refers to the basis upon which an income tax system imposes tax. 485. Tax-Advantaged it refers to the bonus which is offered on a certain accounts or investments that are, tax-reduced, tax-deferred, or tax-free. 486. Taxation it refers to the method of raising revenue for the purpose of public funding by the way of taxing individuals and organizations. 487. Tax-Exempt Interest it is the interest income that is tax free in nature. 488. Tax-Exempt Sector - The niche market consist of various investment vehicles which are exempt from federal taxes.

489. Tax-Exempt Security it is a security in which any income generated is free from federal, state and local taxes 490. Technical Analysis it is a method of evaluating the securities by analyzing its statistics which is generated by market activity, like past prices and volume. 491. Technical Bankruptcy it is the condition of the state where a company or person has defaulted on its financial obligation and would be declared bankruptcy. And all the creditor would claim there money from the court. 492. Technical Correction it is a process lowering down of the market price of an asset after extensive price increases. 493. Technical Decline it is a fall in the price of a related security which is caused by factors except the change in the fundamental value of the security. 494. Technical Default it is a lack in a loan agreement which occur not from a default to make payments as promised, but due the failure to uphold some other aspect concerning to the loan terms. 495. Technical Indicator Any value which is resulted from any activity of generic price in a stock or asset. 496. Technical Job Skills these are the technical skills for a job which is in accordance to the talent and expertise a person who perform a certain job or task. 497. Technical Rally it is an upward movement in a price of the security after the declining trend in the price. 498. Technical Skills it is the knowledge required to accomplish mathematical, engineering, scientific or computer-related tasks, as well as all other specific tasks. 499. Technically Strong Market - A scenario where the stock price is moving high with greater volume or reducing on low volume. 500. Technically Weak Market - A scenario where the stock market is rising on less volume or fading out in high volume.

501. Technology Sector

A category of stocks relating to the research, development and/or distribution of technologically based goods and services. This sector contains businesses revolving around the manufacturing of electronics, creation of software, computers or products and services relating to information technology.

502. Telecom Arbitrage it is a strategy based arbitrage used by telecommunications companies which offer their mobile or cellular phone customers to make calls to abroad without attracting any longdistance charges by dialing certain access numbers. 503. Telegraphic Transfer TT it is an electronic way of transferring the funds overseas. Any transfer charge is taken while sending the money. 504. Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP) this program was adopted by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) on October 13, 2008 at the time Global financial crisis of 2008 for the purpose of boosting liquidity in the interbank lending market. 505. Tender Panel - it is one of the ways of financing pursuant for selling Euro notes by circling underwriting facility. 506. Tenor it is the time bracket left for the repayment of a loan; it is expressed in years, months or days. 507. Term - it is define as a time period. 508. Term Auction Facility TAF it is a program for monetary policy abided by the Federal Reserve to support increase liquidity in the credit markets of U.S. 509. Term Bond these are the bonds which are issued with the same maturity date. 510. Term Deposit it is a deposit which is kept with the financial institution for a fix term. 511. Term Fed Funds it is the funds which are borrowed by the bank from the Federal Reserve for more than a day, but less than 90 days.

512. Term Federal Funds it is the remaining purchased in Federal Reserve accounts for longer than a single day. Term federal funds have a term of 90 days, maximum. 513. Term Loan it is a term loan offered by a bank for a certain amount which has a specified repayment schedule and interest rate a floating one. 514. Term Repurchase Agreement - Under this agreement, in this bank will buy securities from a dealer and then again sell it after a short time at a predetermine price. 515. Term To Maturity it is the time gap between now and when a bond matures. 516. Terms Of Employment it is the terms and conditions that are laid out in a contract of employment. 517. Terms of Trade TOT it is the quantity of imports which can be bought by the sale of a fixed quantity of exports. 518. The Great Recession it is the scenario which explains the recession which started on December 2007. Great Recession was longer in term of time period and was worst than prior recessions. 519. The Wealth Effect it is the value of stock portfolios which rises because of escalating stock prices, investors feel more secure in terms of their wealth and in turn encouraging them to spend more. 520. Theoretical Ex-Rights Price it is a calculation of the price for the stock share of the company after issuing new rights-shares by assuming that the entire share issued currently are taken up by the existing shareholders. 521. Theory Of Price An economic theory that contends that the
price for any specific good/service is the relationship between the forces of supply and demand. The theory of price says that the point at which the benefit gained from those who demand the entity meets the seller's marginal costs is the most optimal market price for the good/service.

522. Theta it is the rate at which the value of the option declines it happens with the passage of time. 523. Thin Margin - it is a deficient margin that makes the account of the speculator in an exposed and precarious situation, in the declining market, scenario. 524. Thin Market - A market which has less number of buyers and sellers. 525. Third Party Someone except the primary patty involved in a transaction or agreement. 526. Third Party Beneficiary - Any third person who will reap the benefit from a contract signed between two other parties. 527. Third-Party Distributor it is the name given to institutions which indulge in selling or distribute mutual funds to the investors except any direct relation with the fund itself. 528. Third-Party Insurance when the liability insurance bought by an insured from an insurer for getting secured against the claims made by the party. 529. Third-Party Verification TPV it is an act of getting an independent party for confirming that the customer is really looking for a change or wishes to order new service or product. 530. Thrift it is defined as a savings and loan association in the United States. 531. Thrift Bank it is a financial institution whose main aim is to take deposits and offering home mortgages. 532. Thrift Institutions Advisory Council it is a council of members who all advises the Federal Reserve board of governors on different requirements and condition off all savings institutions. 533. Tied Selling it is the unauthorized practice by a company offering a product or service on condition the customer wills purchases a product from the same or related company. 534. Tier 1 Capital this term is use to define to \ show the capital adequacy of a bank.

535. Tier 1 Capital Ratio it is the difference between a banking core of the firm equity capital and total risk-weighted assets. 536. Tier 2 Capital it is the term used for explaining the adequacy of capital with a bank. 537. Tiered-Rate Account it is a checking or savings account which pays interest in increasingly higher amounts as the account balance increases 538. Tight Monetary Policy it is series of action taken by the Federal Reserve to restrict the spending in an economy which seems to grow at higher pace, or control the inflation when it is moving too fast. 539. Tight Money it is a scenario when money becomes very complex to obtain in a given economy. 540. Time Arbitrage - when chance is created by the stock missing its mark and is sold on the basis of short-term outlook with the little transformation in the long-term view point of the company. 541. Time Certificate Deposit it carries the interest and they are payable on or after a certain date. The Interest on this instrument is higher as compared to interest generated by other regular savings accounts 542. Time Decay it is the ratio between the variations in the price of the option and reduction in time to expiration. 543. Time Deposit - when savings account or CD is holed for a fixedtenure by understanding the fact that the depositor can only withdraw money after he furnish a written notice. 544. Time Horizon it is the tenure for which an investment is kept prior to its liquidation. 545. Time In Force it is the piece of instruction given while placing a trade, mentioning the tenure of the order specifying the time to remain active prior to its execution. 546. Time Series it is a series of numerical data points in consecutive order, generally occurring in equal intervals.

547. Time Sharing it is the right to dwell in a unit of real estate property, like condominium or vacation home, for a certain time periods by specific number. 548. Time Value of Money - it is estimation of the money which is available at the present time is worth more as compared to the value of the same amount in the future because of its potential capacity to earn. 549. Times Interest Earned TIE this is the metric used to estimate the ability of the company for meeting its debt obligations. 550. Time-Sale Financing it is an indirect way of dealer lending or financing used by banks or other third parties. 551. Tobacco Tax it is a tax levied on cigarettes to support healthcare for the poor of state and to contribute for cancer research and other health saving programs. 552. Today's High it is the highest trading price one stock achieve in a single trading day. 553. Today's Low - it is the lowest trading price one stock hits in a single trading day. 554. Top Holdings it is the maximum volume of traded assets which is owned by an individual, company or fund. 555. Top Line it is a reference of the gross sales or revenues earned by the company which raises or lowered down the revenues. 556. Topping-Up Clause it is the situation which executes in a back-toback or two-currency loan. 557. Total Debt Service Ratio TDS this ratio reflect the part of gross income which is already used on housing-related and other alike payments. it is calculated as:

558. Total Debt To Total Assets it is the methods used to gauge the financial risk of a company by calculating how much asset of the company have been debt financed. 559. Total Enterprise Value TEV it is the value which is used compare companies with different levels of debt. This is calculated as: TEV = Market Capitalization + Interest Bearing Debt + Preferred Stock Excess Cash. 560. Total Expense Ratio TER it gauge the total costs which is related to managing and operating of an investment fund like mutual funds. It is calculated as: 561. Total Return
When measuring performance, the actual rate of return of an investment or a pool of investments over a given evaluation period. Total return includes interest, capital gains, dividends and distributions realized over a given period of time.

562. Total Return Index it is indexes which keeps tracks of both the capital gains of a group of stocks over time, and takes any cash distributions, like dividends, or the amount reinvested back into the index, in to consideration. 563. Total Return Swap it is the financial contract which enables the transfers of both the credit risk and market risk of an asset underlying. 564. Total Revenue Test it is the test which is conducted to know the price elasticity of demand by the way comparing the variation in total revenue as a consequences of change in the product price. 565. Total Shareholder Return TSR it is the total return generated by the stock for an investor means capital gain plus dividends. 566. Total Stock Fund - when a mutual fund or ETF which tries to replicate market by holding the stock of every security which are being traded on a exchange.

567. Total Tax it is the grand summation of all taxes that is due to pay by a taxpayer for the year. 568. Total Utility it is the level of satisfaction which a consumer gets through the consumption of a specific good or service. 569. Toxic Assets it is an asset which becomes illiquid at the time its secondary market disappears. 570. Toxic Debt it is the debt that has bleak chances to be p[aid off accompanied with interest. 571. Toxic Waste it is slang term relates to securities which are not attractive because of certain risks making them generally illiquid. 572. Tracking Error it is an error which comes in between the price behavior of a position and the price behavior of a benchmark. 573. Tracking Stock it is a type of security which specially designed to replicate the performance old a larger index. 574. Trade - it is the process of shifting of ownership rights of goods and services from one person or entity to another. 575. Trade Acceptance it is the bill of exchange for the amount of a purchase drawn by the seller on the purchaser, containing the signature of the purchaser and furnishing the detail of time and place of payment. 576. Trade Credit this refers to the arrangement between businesses to purchase goods or services on account, means, without making any cash payment. 577. Trade Deficit it is the scenario when there is negative balance of trade, i.e. imports exceed exports. 578. Trade Finance - The science which explains the management of money, banking, credit, investments and assets for purpose of international trade transactions. 579. Trade Sanction it is a trade fine which is imposed by one nation on one or more other nations.

580. Trade Secret any of the confidential business information which helps the company to have a competitive edge is considered a trade secret. 581. Trade War A trade war refers to two or more states raising or
creating tariffs or other trade barriers on each other in retaliation for other trade barriers. Increased protection causes both nations' output compositions to move towards their autarky position.

582. Trademark it is a symbol, word, phrase, logo, or some combination of these which legally distinguishes product of one company from any others company`s product. 583. Trading Account it is an account which is parallel to a traditional bank account, in term of holding cash and securities, and is managed by an investment dealer. 584. Trading Assets it is a set of securities which are held by a firm that are they are held with the main motive of reselling the same for a profit. 585. Trading Book it is the portfolio of financial instruments that is currently a brokerage or bank is holding. 586. Trading Capital it is the amount of money which is allotted to purchasing and selling different securities. 587. Trading Desk it is a desk where all the transaction of buying and selling happens. 588. Trading Effect it is the gauging the performance that establish the variation in returns between a portfolio of bond and a chosen benchmark. 589. Trading Session it is time period of one day of business transaction in a financial market, it the time from the opening bell to the closing bell. 590. Trading Strategy it is a set of rules which are predefined for making any decisions regarding trading. 591. Trailing Price-To-Earnings - Trailing P/E it is the sum of price of the company-to-earnings; it is calculated by dividing the trailing earnings per share for the past 12 months to the current stock price.

592. Trailing Twelve Months TTM it is the time period of the past twelve months used for the purpose reporting financial figures. 593. Tranches it is a piece, portion or slice of a deal or structured financing. 594. Transaction when a buyer and a seller come to agreement to exchange an asset for payment. 595. Transaction Costs it is the costs which one incurs at the time of buying or selling securities. 596. Transaction Date it is the date on which a security or any other financial instrument is traded. 597. Transaction Deposit it is a deposit in bank which has immediate and full liquidity, without any delays or waiting periods. 598. Transaction Exposure it is the risk, which is faced by companies who are involved in international trade in which the currency exchange rates will shift after the companies have entered into financial obligations. 599. Transaction Risk it is the exchange rate risk which is related with the delay of time between entering into a contract and settling it. 600. Transfer Agent - An individual who is employed by a corporation or mutual fund to organize the shareholder records, maintaining the details for all the purchases, sales, and account balances. 601. Transfer of Mortgage A transaction where either the
borrower or lender assigns an existing mortgage (bank loan to purchase a residential property) from the current holder to another person or entity. Homeowners who are unable to keep current on their mortgage payments may seek a transfer so that they don't default and go into foreclosure.

602. Transfer Payment - In the United States, any payment which is made to individuals by the federal government by the way of different social benefit programs. 603. Transfer Price it is the price in which various divisions of a company transact with each other.

604. Transfer Procedures it is the planned procedure in which the ownership of a stock moves from one party to another. 605. Transfer Tax it is a kind of tax which is levied for the transfer of any official documents or any property. 606. Transferable Letter Of Credit it is an agreement which allows the holder of the letter to offer some or all of the credit available to another party, in turn establishing a secondary beneficiary. 607. Transferor an individual who transfers something to someone else. 608. Transit Item it is any check or draft which is issued by any institution except the bank where it was deposit initially. 609. Translation Exposure it is the risk that equities, assets, liabilities or income of the company will vary in value due to exchange rate changes. 610. Translation Risk it is the risk associated with companies which deals in foreign currencies at the exchange rate. 611. Transparency it is the extent to which investors is allowed to access to financial information regarding g the company like price levels, market depth etc. 612. Transposition Error it occur when any two digits which are the part of a larger sequence of numbers and are reversed while posting a transaction. 613. Travel Expenses - it is the expense of business which is incurred at the time when individual is away from home. 614. Travel Insurance it is the insurance which is to covers all the medical expenses, financial default of travel suppliers, and all other losses which has been occurred while traveling. 615. Traveler's Check it is a medium of exchange which can be used instead of hard currency. 616. Traveling Auditor - A professional who analyzes accounting data in depth to establish the company`s financial status.

617. Treasurer's Draft it is a type of bank draft which is payable via a designated bank. 618. Treasury Automated Auction Processing System TAAPS it is a computer network system designed by the Federal Reserve for the Data
released by the U.S. Treasury on a monthly basis that accounts for the surpluses or deficits of the federal government. Treasury budget data tracks the changes in monthly balances as an indicator of budget trends and the direction of fiscal policy. Read more: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/treasury-budget.asp#ixzz1hwOUXI8A

purpose of

processing the tenders received for treasury securities. 619. Treasury bill - T-Bill it is a short-term debt obligation which is backed by the U.S. government having a maturity period of less than one year. 620. Treasury Bond - T-Bond it is a debt security which is marketable, fixed-interest U.S. government security having a maturity period of more than 10 years. 621. Treasury Budget 622. Treasury General Account it is the general checking account which is used by the Department of the Treasury. 623. Treasury Lock it is a customized security of derivative which is used by an investors for the purpose locking the yield or price of a treasury security. 624. Treasury Notes it is a marketable debt security by U.S. government accompanied with a fixed rate of interest rate with a maturity period between one and 10 years. 625. Treasuries STRIPS they are fixed-income securities which are sold at a discount rate to face value and offer no payment of interest as they mature at par. 626. Treasury Yield it is the return generated on investment, and expressed in percentage, it is on the obligation of debt of the U.S. government. 627. Triangular Arbitrage it is the method of converting one currency to another, then converting it again by a third currency and, finally, converting it back to the original currency within a short time period.

628. Trigger Line it is a moving-average line found in the moving average convergence divergence (MACD) theory, which is used to signal buy or sell points for a security. 629. Triggering Event it is a tangible or intangible obstruction that, once these obstructions are breached, causes another event to occur. 630. True Interest Cost TIC it is the real cost for taking loan. True interest cost comprise of fees and costs. 631. Trust Company -it is a entity that works as fiduciary, agent or trustee representing person or business entity for the administration purposes, it is controlling and the eventual shifting of assets to a beneficial party. 632. Trust Deed it is the formal document that specifies all the terms of a trust agreement. 633. Trust Property - All the assets wither real or personal are transferred to the trustee(s) under the agreement of trust acting as a body. 634. Trust Receipt it is the notification issued by a bank for the release merchandise to a buyer, but the bank keeps the title of the ownership to the released assets. 635. Truth In Lending Act TILA it is a federal law came in to existence in 1968 with the main motive of safe guarding consumers at the time of dealings with lenders and creditors. 636. Truth in Savings Act it is the federal law which was establish by Congress on December 19, 1991 as part of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Improvement Act of 1991. 637. Turnover it refers to accounting term, it is the times an asset is being replaced in a financial period. 638. Turnover Ratio it is the percentage holding of a mutual fund or other investment instrument which have been "turned over" or been replaced with some other holdings in a specified year. 639. Twenty Percent Rule it is the requirement of deposit instituted made by commercial banks for corporate lenders.

640. Two Name Paper - both Trade Acceptances and Bankers Acceptances can also be called as two name paper. 641. Two-Way Quote it is sort of quote that provides both the bid and the ask price of a security, also educating all the would-be traders for the current price at which price they could buy or sell the security. 642. U.S. League of Savings Institutions- It is an institution promoting standards of professionalism, spreads public education and deals with federal regulatory authorities. 643. U.S. Savings Bond Adjustment-it is the adjustment in the recent amount of reported interest on the U.S. savings bond. 644. U.S. Savings Bonds- IT is savings bond issued by U.S. government that offers a fixed interest rate in a fixed time period and these bonds are not easily transferrable and negotiable. 645. U.S. Treasury- It is the department of government that is responsible for issuing Treasury bonds, notes and bills. 646. UBS- It s a multinational diversified company providing all sorts of financial services like retail, commercial banking, investment banking, investment management and wealth management. 647. UCC-1 Statement- It is a standard mortgage documents listing and describing all personal property borrowers provide as loan collateral. 648. Ultra Vires Acts- It is the act which is not listed in a corporate charter or state law and company charter do no permit of the same. 649. Ultra-Short Bond Fund- It is a bond fund type investing in fixedincome instruments only having very short-term maturities. 650. Umpire Clause- It is an insurance policy language providing resolution means from unbiased third party in case insurer and insured do not agree on the claim payment amount. 651. Unadjusted Basis-It is basis for depreciation purposes which uses the original cost of property or equipment and gives no regard to salvage value.

652. Unamortized Bond Discount- It is calculated by subtracting the value of the bond at maturity and the proceeds from the sale of the bond by the issuing company from the par value of a bond. 653. Unauthorized Investment- It is an investment not authorized by a legal trust as it does not fulfill the requirements of bank and trust. 654. Uncollected Funds- It is the bank deposit amount not coming by checks and has to be cleared by the bank from where the checks is drawn. 655. Uncommitted Facility- It is facility of credit having no restrictions on the lending institution in regard to the amount of funds to be lent. 656. Unconditional Vesting- It refers to the pension benefits employees are entitled with no restrictions even at the withdrawal. 657. Uncovered Interest Arbitrage- It is an arbitrage type involving switching from domestic currency with low interest rate to a foreign currency with high interest rate on deposits. 658. Undated Issue- It is the government bond with no maturity date and interest is paid on perpetuity. 659. Under Reporting- Is the act of reporting income or revenue less than the actual deliberately to pay less income tax. 660. Underbanked- It is a situation when a new security issue underwriter is unsuccessful in getting other firms for being a member of the underwriting group or syndicate. 661. Underemployment Equilibrium- It is the situation when economy underemployment is persistent above the norm and enters equilibrium state. 662. Underemployment- It is the employment and labor utilization measure in the economy for efficiently utilizing labor force skills, experience and availability to work. 663. Underlying Asset- It is a term for financial instrument whose price is based (derived) from a different asset in trading. 664. Underlying Cost-it is the cost company pays throughout the budget period like rent.

665. Underlying Debt- is the debt with implicit understanding that smaller governmental entities are backed by the credit rating of large governmental entities in the law. 666. Underlying Option Security- it is the financial instrument on which value of derivative is based , 667. Underlying Profit-It is the profit which actually reflects company's profit. 668. Underlying Retention- It is the balance after reinsuring from risk or liability left out from an insurance policy retained by the company. 669. Underlying Security- It is the security from which value of derivative is derived. 670. Underpayment Penalty-It is penalty individual pays for paying less tax than the actual tax to be paid. 671. Underwriter- I s an individual who provides services for assessing the eligibility of a customer in order to receive the credit. 672. Underwriting Agreement- it is an agreement between a business issuing public stock and the underwriter having details of stock, and the lead underwriter of the syndicate. 673. Underwriting Fees It is the fees charged by underwriter to perform underwriting services. 674. Underwriting Group- It is an association of investment bankers temporarily created for purchasing securities new issue from an issuer for distributing the issue to investors at a profit. 675. Undetectable Stock Warrant- It is a bond right that is redeemed for stock and is less risky but is not sold separately from the bond. 676. Undigested Securities- It is a security newly issues and remains undistributed because of insufficient interest of investor or public demand at the offering price. 677. Unearned Discount- It is an amount collected by a lending institution on a loan but is not considered as income and is recorded as a liability.

678. Unearned Income- It is an amount collected from an investment but is not considered as income and is recorded as a liability. 679. Unearned Interest- It is an interest collected by a lending institution on a loan but is not considered as income and is recorded as a liability. 680. Unearned Revenue- It is the revenue collected by an individual or company for a service but is not considered as income and is recorded as a liability. 681. Uneconomic Growth- It refers to negative external consequences and unproductive growth in respect to the broader global systems in which it is viewed. 682. Unemployment Claim-It is an individual request to the state government for receiving temporary payments and a result of being jobless. 683. Unemployment- It is a situation when an individual is actively searching for employment but is not able to find work. 684. Uniform Bill Of Lading-It is an agreement transportation of property among exporter and a carrier containing information of the shipment. 685. Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)- it is a standard set of business laws regulating financial contracts having nine separate articles and each dealing with separate aspects of banking and loans. 686. Uniform Gift to Minors Account- It is an act allowing minors for owning a property like securities. 687. Uniform Prudent Investor Act (UPIA)- It is a trust investment law reflecting changes occurring in investment practice from late 1960s in regard to modern portfolio theory. 688. Uniform Securities Act-It is an Act dealing with securities fraud at state level and for assisting enforcement and regulation sections. 689. Uniform Transfer Tax-it is the tax levied on the asset transfer because of death of a person or gifted assets.

690. Unilateral Transfer- It is an economic transaction in two nation s resident after a particular time period generally a calendar year. 691. Unit Benefit Formula- It is a percentage of the earning of employee ranging between 1.25-2.5%. 692. Unit Benefit Plan-It is a pension plan sponsored by employer providing retirement benefits based on a dollar amount. 693. Unit Cost- It is the cost company incurs for producing, storing and selling one unit of a particular product. 694. Unitary Thrift-It is a company controlling a single savings and loan association engaged in any type of industrial or commercial business. 695. United States Agency For International Development (USAID) It is a federal agency of the United States working independent providing aid to citizens of foreign countries like disaster relief etc. 696. Universal Banking- It is the banking including investment services with services relating to saving and loan. 697. Unlimited Liability- It is a business type where owners share responsibility of entire debt and liabilities amount of the business. 698. Unlimited Risk- It is the investment risk having unlimited downside potential. 699. Unlimited Tax Bond- IT is a municipal bond backed by the issuer s pledge of raising taxes without limit for servicing the debt till it is repaid. 700. Unpaid Dividend- It is the dividend collected by an individual or company for a service but is not considered as income and is recorded as a liability. 701. Unperfected Lien- It is the lien for which the claim is not provided by holder and is honored in court generally when the dispute happens between the borrower and the lender. 702. Unqualified Audit- it is an audit analyzing the internal systems of control and also the details in the organization's books. 703. Unqualified Opinion- It is a judgment by An independent auditor about financial records and statements of a company of being fair and

presented in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. 704. Unrealized Gain- It is a gain resulting as a result of holding an asset than cashing it or using the funds. 705. Unrealized Loss- It is a loss resulting as a result of holding an asset than cashing it or using the funds. 706. Unrestricted Cash- It is the reserve not attached to a particular use and is extremely liquid. 707. Unrestricted Net Assets- It is a bunch of asset government owns having commercial or exchange value and no external restrictions regarding usage. 708. Unseasoned Security- It is a financial instrument made available for trading recently for a short period of time and is more risky. 709. Unsecured Creditor- Is an individual or institution lending money without taking any asset as collateral. 710. Unsecured Debt- Is a debt without an underlying asset or collateral. 711. Unsecured Loan- Is a loan without an underlying asset or collateral. 712. Unsecured Note- It is a loan that has no security attached with it by the assets of the issuer just like debentures and are offered a higher return rate. 713. Unskilled Labor- It is the portion of the work force with very less skill level or limited economic value. 714. Unsubordinated Debt- It is a loan or security ranking above other loans or securities in regard to the claims on assets or earnings. 715. Unsubscribed- It is the security issued newly but do not have interest or subscriptions from investors after the issue date. 716. Unwind- It refers to the investment position closure or reconciliation of an error.

717. Upgrade-It refers to the positive change in the security rating because of steady improvement in the fundamentals and financials of the company issuing the security. 718. Upper Class-It is a term used for individuals above working class and middle class of a social hierarchy and have higher levels of income. 719. Upper Management- It refers to the Individuals responsible for decisions making of a company 720. Upside- It is the potential rise in the dollar or percentage amount of the market. 721. Upstairs Deal- It is a business agreement drafted by upper management and lower-level employees are not informed about it till it is publicly announced. 722. Upstairs Market- It is the trading of security in a broker-dealer firm instead of an exchange. 723. Upstairs Trade- It is a purchase or sale transaction for listed stock on an exchange not executed through an exchange but from a separate location. 724. Upstream- It refers to the stages of operation involving exploration and production in the oil and gas industry. 725. USD- it is the abbreviation for the U.S. dollar in the finance market. 726. Usury- It refers to the lending money act at a rate of interest which is unreasonably high than permitted by law. 727. Usury Rates-It is the interest rate generally considered above current market rates charged on unsecured loans. 728. Utilities Sector-It is the sector including companies dealing in electricity, gas, water and integrated providers. 729. Utility- It is a term in economics referring to the overall satisfaction received by consuming a good or service. 730. Utility Revenue Bond- It is a municipal bond issued for financing utility projects like electrical plants, water systems etc and is repaid from the earnings by the utility improvements.

731. Utilization Fee- It is a fee annually charged by a lender from a borrower for the actual usage of credit. 732. Vacancy Rate it is a rate which is calculated as the percentage of all on hand units in a rental property. 733. Validation Period it is the time which is required for the premium on an insurance policy which includes the commissions, the cost of investigation, medical exams and other expenses related to the policy issuance of the policy. 734. Valuation it is the process of gauging the worth of something. The Items that are valued are majorly financial asset or liability. 735. Valuation Analysis it is a type of fundamental analysis which compares the valuation of one security with another, to a group of securities. 736. Valuation Clause - it is a provision in some insurance policies that specifies the amount of money which the policy holder will get from the insurer if an insured event occurs. 737. Values - Added Tax VAT it is a type of consumption tax which is levied on a product at the time when value is added at every stage of production. 738. Value Added Monthly Index VAMI it is an index which keeps the tracks of the monthly performance. 739. it is calculated: = Previous VAMI x (1 + Current Rate of Return) 740. Value at Risk VaR it is the method used to determine the probability of portfolio losses which is based on the statistical analysis by taking historical price trends and volatilities. 741. Value Change it is a modification made to the price of a stock to show the number of outstanding stock shares, or the shares of stock which have been issued and at present held by investors. 742. Value Date it is the future date which is used for establishing the value of a product which has the price fluctuation.

743. Value Proposition it is a business or marketing statement that summarizes why a customer be supposed to buy a product or use a service. 744. Value Stock it is a stock which trade at a lower price when compared to its fundamental value and in turn considered to be undervalued by a value investor. 745. Value Trap it is a stock which has veteran a large price slow down and is mistaken to be a value stock. 746. Vanilla Strategy it is the approach of investing or decision making of business which is very basic and common. 747. Vanishing Premium it is a premium of a policy is a form of participating entire life insurance where the policyholder can use the dividends from the policy to give the premium. 748. VantageScore it is the credit rating product which is provided by the three major credit bureaus. 749. Variable Annuity it is a contract of insurance in which, at the end of the accumulation period, the insurance company assures a minimum sum of payment. 750. Variable Coupon Renewable Note (VCR) - It is fixed income security that is renewable having variable coupon rates periodically reset. 751. Variable Coupon Renewable Note (VCR) - It is fixed income security that is renewable having variable coupon rates periodically reset. 752. Variable Interest Rate - It is an interest rate that changes on the basis of the changes in the underlying interest rate index. 753. Variable Interest Rate- It is an interest rate that changes on the basis of the changes in the underlying interest rate index. 754. Variable Rate it is an interest rate that varies up and down based on the changes of a core interest rate index. 755. Variable Rate Demand Bond - It is a bond having floating coupon payments adjusted at predefined intervals.

756. Variable Rate Demand Bond- It is a bond having floating coupon payments adjusted at predefined intervals. 757. Variable Rate Demand Note (VRDN) It is a debt instrument representing the funds borrowed payable on demand and interest accrues on the basis of prevailing money market rate. 758. Variable Rate Demand Note (VRDN) It is a debt instrument representing the funds borrowed payable on demand and interest accrues on the basis of prevailing money market rate. 759. Veblen Good these are the goods that are supposed to be fashionable as long as prices stay high or increase. 760. Vendor it is a company which is in to supply of parts or services to another company. 761. Vendor Financing - The process of lending of money via company to its customers in order to enable the customer can buy products from it. 762. Vendor Note it is a debt instrument which is issued by the vendors, whereby the goods are purchased by the buyer and paid for the same with debt issued by the seller, and is backed by the purchased products. 763. Venture Capital it is the money which is provided by investors for staring up the firms and small businesses with supposed to have potential of long - term growth. 764. Venture Capital Funds it is an investment fund that control money from investors looking for private equity stakes in starting up and small - and medium - size enterprises with potential strong growth. 765. Venture Capitalist it is financial capital which is offer in an early stage, accompanied with high - potential, high risk, growth startup companies. 766. Vertical Analysis it is process of analysis of financial statement in which each entry for every three major categories of accounts i.e.

assets, liabilities and equities present in a balance sheet as a proportion of the total account. 767. Vertical Equity it is process of method of gathering income tax in the cases where the taxes paid increase with the earned income. 768. Vertical Integration - When a company decided to expands their business into areas which lies at different points of the same production path. 769. Vertical Merger it is a merger between two companies which are in to producing of various goods or services for common finished product. 770. Vertical Spread it is a strategy of options trading through which a trader makes a instantaneous purchase and sale of two options of similar type which have same expiration dates but strike prices is different. 771. Vested Benefit it is a incentive which is offered for the employment to an employee for what they are fully entitled to. 772. Vesting it is the modus operandi by which employees ensue non - forfeitable rights over employer aid that is made to the employee's eligible retirement plan account. 773. Vintage - it is a slang term traders and investors uses for referring to a seasoned mortgage - backed securities over some time period. 774. Virtual Assistant they are mostly self - employed individual who provides professional administrative, technical, or creative assistance to their clients from working at home. 775. Visibility it is the degree to which future projections are likely. Visibility is generally used in discussing future earning of the company. 776. Void Contract it is a void contract which cannot be enforced by law. Void contracts are different from voidable contracts. Voidable contracts may not be necessarily nullified. 777. Voidable Contract it is an agreement between two parties which can be unenforceable due to many legal reasons.

778. Volatility - it is a statistical calculation of the fluctuation in returns for a specific security or market index. 779. Volatility Arbitrage it is one of the strategies for trading which tries to exploit the variation between the forecasted future volatility and the implied volatility of options based on that asset. 780. Volatility Quote Trading it is the method of quoting contracts of option in which bids and asks are quoted with respect to their implied volatilities despite their prices. 781. Volatility Ratio it is a technical indicator which is used to point out the price ranges and breakouts. 782. Volatility Skew it is the gap between implied volatility (IV) ,out of - the - money, at - the - money and in - the - money options. It is affected by sentiment and the supply/demand relationship, and it offers detail information to the fund manager for taking a decision to write calls or puts. 783. Volatility Smile it is a graphical shape which is the outcome of plotting the strike price and implied volatility options having same expiration date. 784. Volatility Swap it is a forward contract whereby the underlying comprises of volatility of a given product. 785. Volume Discount it is financial incentives which are given to the individuals or any businesses which buys the goods in multiple units or in greater quantities. 786. Volume of Trade - it is the quantity of futures contracts which is being transacted over a certain period of time in a trading day. 787. Volume Price Trend Indicator VPT it is a technical indicator comprising of a cumulative volume line which adds or subtracts a multiple of the percentage adjust in share price trend and the current volume, basis on their upward or downward movements. 788. Voluntary Bankruptcy it is a sort of bankruptcy whereby insolvent debtor takes the petition to a court for declaring bankruptcy as the entity has defaulted to pay off the debts.

789. Voluntary Compliance it is an assumption or principle that taxpayers have to abide with tax laws and have to report accurately their income and deductions. 790. Voluntary Employees' Beneficiary Association VEBA it is type of mutual organization which provides life, illness, accident, medical and some similar benefits to the members, and their dependents or their beneficiaries. 791. Voluntary Foreclosure it is a foreclosure process which is initiated by the borrower, rather than the lender, for avoiding any further payments. 792. Voluntary Lien it is a claim that one person has on the property of another kept as collateral for the payment of a debt. 793. Voluntary Simplicity it is a lifestyle which lowered down the consumption and the chase of wealth and material goods. 794. Voluntary Termination it is a decision of the employee for leaving the job on his own discretion. 795. Voluntary Trust it is a sort of living trust which is establishes during the lifetime of the trustor, its other name is inter vivos trust. 796. Voodoo Accounting it is a form of accounting that does not abide the principles of conservatism. 797. Vostro Account this account in a correspondent bank, usually U.S. or UK, holds on behalf of a foreign bank. Other name for this account is loro account. 798. Voting Right it is the right given to the stockholder in matters of corporate policy and in electing the board of directors. 799. Voting Shares they are the shares which offer the stockholder the right to vote on matters of corporate policy making and also in electing the members of the board of directors. 800. Voting Trust - it is a legal trust which is created for combining the power of voting of shareholders. 801. Voucher - it is a bond which has a worth of certain monetary value and can be spent only for certain reasons or on specific goods.

802. Voucher Check it is an instrument which is the combination of a check and voucher. 803. Vulture Capitalist it is a slang word for a venture capitalist that deprives an inventor of control greater than their own innovations and the majority of the money they should have made from the creation. 804. Vulture Fund it is a fund that buys securities in distraught investments, like high - yield bonds in or near default, or equities that are in or near bankruptcy. 805. Wage It is a compensation received on daily basis by workers in terms of money for their labor. 806. Wage Assignment- It is the procedure of directly taking money from the compensation of an employee in the authority of a court order for paying a debt obligation. 807. Wage Expense- It is a payment to non-manufacturing employees irrespective of they are being paid hourly or salaried. 808. Wage Push Inflation- It is an increase which is normal in the cost of goods as a result of increase in wages. 809. Waiting Period- It is the time period starting from filing a registration statement with the SEC and ending at registration statement being declared effective by the SEC. 810. Waiver- It is an action voluntarily performed by a person or party which removes his or her right or ability in an agreement. 811. Waiver Of coinsurance Clause It is an insurance policy language which means insurance company do not require application of the part of the policy dividing responsibility for an insured loss between the insurance company and the policyholder. 812. Waiver Of Demand- It is an agreement from the party endorsing a check or draft for accepting legal responsibility without formal notification. 813. Waiver Of Exemption It is a provision in a contract or loan agreement of consumer credit permitting creditors for seizing or

threatening to seize a possession or property even though state law treated it as an exempt from seizure. 814. Waiver Of Premium For Disability It is an insurance policy premium clause stating insurance company is not required to pay the insured usual recurring fee for maintaining the health insurance policy in case the person responsible to pay the premiums is seriously injured. 815. Waiver Of Premium For Payer Benefit - It is an insurance policy premium clause stating insurance company is not required to pay for maintaining the policy in case of death or disability of the person who pays the insurance premiums. 816. Waiver Of Premium Rider- It is an insurance policy premium clause stating insurance company is not required to pay if the policyholder is seriously ill or disabled. 817. Waiver Of Restoration Premium - It is an insurance policy premium clause stating insurance company is not required to pay for getting back the coverage level provided by policy initially till any claim is paid out. 818. Waiver Of Subrogation- It is an insurance policy premium clause stating insurance company is not required to pay for the losses because of third party. 819. Wall Street- It is the lower Manhattan Street which is the historic headquarters of the New York Stock Exchange. 820. Wal-Mart Effect- The economic impact local businesses feel when huge firms like Wal-Mart opens a branch in the area. 821. War Babies-It is the name given to the security of company that is contractor of defense. 822. War Bond- It is a debt securities government issues to finance military operations in war times. 823. War Chest- It is a Slang used for cash reserve set aside by a company to takeover or defend against a hostile takeover.

824. War Risk Insurance- It is a policy providing financial protection from losses because of invasion, revolution, military coup or terrorism. 825. War Risk- it is the possibility of losing value of an investment due to major, violent political action. 826. Warehouse Bond It is a financial protection to an individual or business that keeps goods in a storage facility from the losses incurred because of failing in meeting the terms. 827. Warehouse Financing- It is an inventory financing type in which loans are given to manufacturers and processors based on goods or commodities given as collateral for the loans. 828. Warehouse Lending- It is a credit extension to a loan originator by a financial institution for funding a mortgage borrower uses initially to purchase a property. 829. Warehouse Receipt- It is a receipt used by futures markets guarantying the quantity and quality of a specific commodity stored within an approved facility. 830. Warm Card- It is an ATM card type allowing the bearer only restricted access to a business account generally deposits but no withdrawals. 831. Warrant Coverage- It is an agreement between a company and its shareholders in which warrants are issued by the company equal to some percentage of the dollar amount of the shareholder's investment. 832. Warrant- It is a derivative security giving the holder purchase right of securities from the issuer at a particular price within a time period. 833. Warranty-It is a guarantee manufacturer or similar party makes in regard to condition of its product and refers to terms and situations about repairs or exchanges if product does not function properly. 834. Warren Buffett-he is the Chairman of Berkshire Hathaway and is the greatest investor and richest man of all time.

835. Wash Trading- It is an illegal practice of stock trading where an investor purchase and sell shares in a company at the same time from two brokers. 836. Wash-Out Round- It is a round of financing commonly done to small companies owners who are not yet financially stable. 837. Wash-Sale Rule- It is a rule of an Internal Revenue Service restricting a taxpayer to claim a loss if investment is sold when the same investment was purchased within 30 days before or after the sale date. 838. Water ETF- It is fund exchange-trades to invest in water treatment and purification, water utilities, water monitoring type of companies. 839. Waterfall Concept-It is a life insurance plan providing a tax exemption regarding to intergenerational transfers of wealth. 840. Waterfall Payment- It is a payment scheme type when highertiered creditor gets interest and principal payment and the lowertiered creditor receive only interest payments. 841. Weak Currency- It is a currency with depreciating value significantly over time as compared to other currencies. 842. Weak Dollar- It is a situation when dollar value depreciates in comparison to other foreign currencies. 843. Weak Form Efficiency-It is efficient market hypothesis having different degree and claims that all past prices of a stock reflects today's stock price. 844. Weak Hands- It is the futures contract holder s deliberate intention to not receive delivery of the underlying asset. 845. Weak Longs-It refers to the investor s group holding long position and exits quickly the position is the first sign of weakness in the underlying asset. 846. Weak Shorts- It refers to the investor s group holding short position and exits quickly the position is the first sign of strength in the underlying asset.

847. Wealth Added Index (WAI) It is an index attempting to measure wealth created or lost in terms of shareholders by a company. 848. Wealth- It is the measurement of the worth of all the assets owned by a person, company or country. 849. Wealth Management- It is a professional service combining financial or investment advice, accounting or tax services, and legal or estate planning for fee. 850. Wear And Tear Exclusion It is an insurance contract provision that says the normal, expected deterioration of the object insured is not covered by the policy. 851. Wedding Warrant- IT is a warrant exercised if the host asset which can be a bond or preferred stock, is surrendered. 852. Wednesday Scramble- It refers to buying and selling at last minute of eligible reserves taking place between U.S. banks on Wednesday. 853. Weighted Alpha- It is a weighted measure of stock rise or fall over a specific time period generally a year. 854. Weighted Average Cost Of Capital (WACC) It is a firm's cost of capital calculation where each capital category is proportionately weighted. 855. Weighted Average Coupon (WAC) It is the weighted-average gross interest rates of pool of mortgages underlying a mortgagebacked security when security was issued. 856. Weighted Average Credit Rating It is the weighted average of all the credit ratings of the fund in a bond fund and gives idea of overall risk attached with bonds. 857. Weighted Average- It is an average where each quantity which is to be averaged should be assigned a weight. 858. Weighted Average Life (WAL)-It is the average number of years for which every dollar of unpaid principal on a loan or mortgage remains outstanding.

859. Weighted Average Loan Age (WALA) It is weighted average of dollar that measures the individual loans age in a mortgage passthrough or pooled security. 860. Weighted Average Market Capitalization-It is index weighted of stock market through market capitalization of every stock in the index. 861. Weighted Average Maturity (WAM) It is the weighted average of time till all mortgages in a mortgage-backed security matures. 862. Weighted Average Rating Factor (WARF) It is a measure using by credit rating companies for determining the quality of credit of a portfolio. 863. Weighted- It is a Common method used for assigning a value that is based on proportion to different securities in a given index. 864. Welfare Economics- It is an economics branch focusing on the resources and goods optimal allocation of its affect on social welfare. 865. Welfare- It is a government program providing financial aid to individuals or groups not supporting themselves and funded by taxpayers. 866. Welfare State-It is a concept of government where state plays key role to protect and promote the economic and social welfare of its citizens. 867. Western Account- It is an offering agreement where each underwriter in the underwriter s group is responsible for selling its allotted amount of the new issue. 868. Wet Loan- It is a mortgage where the funds are obtained before all completion of required documentation. 869. What-If Calculation- It is the Calculations to test a financial model that uses various assumptions and scenarios and allows the forecaster in checking the variance in end results to finance model using various hypothetical levels for inputs. 870. Whistle Blower- Is an employee having inside knowledge of illegal activities occurred within his or her organization and reports it to the public.

871. White Collar- It is a term used for individuals earning high average salaries and do not perform manual labor at their jobs. 872. White Knight- It is a company that offers a friendly takeover to a target company faced hostile takeover from a separate party. 873. White Label Product- It is a product manufactured by company but packaged and sold by other companies under different brand names. 874. White Squire- It is a company that offers a purchase of a lesser interest in the target firm. 875. White-Shoe Firm- It is a term used by a broker dealer firm strongly against hostile takeover practices. 876. Whole Life Annuity-It is a financial product insurance companies sells and pay monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual payments to an individual for his lifetime. 877. Whole Loan- It is a term used for distinguishing original mortgage loan from a pass-through security. 878. Whole Pool- It is a term for mortgage certificates where ownership means an undivided interest in whole pool of mortgages. 879. Wholesale Banking- It refers to the banking services by financial institutions to merchant banks and deals with larger institutions. 880. Wholesale Money- It is the large Fund borrowed by company from financial institutions for obtaining capital without issuing shares or bonds. 881. Wholesale Price Index (WPI) - It is an index measuring and tracking the price changes of goods till the time it moves to retail level. 882. Wholesale Trade-It is an economic indicator measuring the value of all merchant wholesaler's sales and inventories in U.S. dollars. 883. Wholesaler- Is an individual who acts as a middleman, brokering deals between the firms. 884. Wholesaling- It is sale and distribution of goods to retailers, wholesalers and merchants.

885. Whoops- IT is slang for the Washington Public Power Supply System making the record books with the largest municipal bond default in history. 886. Wide Open- It is the situation at the trading day opening when wide spread exists among the bid and asks prices for a security. 887. Widow's Allowance- It is a fund allowance or personal property widow receives after husband's death for meeting her immediate requirements. 888. Widow's Exemption- It is an exemption to widow that is deductable from taxable income of a widow and reduces her tax burden. 889. Wild Card Option-It is an option attached with Treasury bond or treasury note futures contracts permitting the short position delaying the delivery of the underlying asset. 890. Wildcat Banking-It is the banking industry in U.S. from 1837 to 1865 where banks are established in remote and inaccessible locations. 891. Wildcatting- It is a Securities and Exchange Commission policy calling for the review of an entire industry at times of critical problems. 892. Will- It is a declaration legally enforced by a person wishing his or her property distribution after death. 893. William H. Gross- was an investment manager of a well known bond who was one of the America's 400 richest people in 2009 and he was the founder of Pacific Investment Management and managed their total return fund and various other funds. 894. Win/Loss Ratio-It is a ratio of the total number of winning trades to the number of losing trades. 895. Windfall Profits- It is the huge profit occurring unexpectedly because of fortuitous circumstances and occurs due to several factors like price spike or supply shortage. 896. Windfall Shares-It is a share given in free to society insiders, a firm or a company when it is in the process of demutualization.

897. Windfall Tax-It is tax charged by government for certain industries where they get above-average profits because of economic conditions. 898. Winding Up- It is a process company follows to dissolve which includes activities like selling all its assets, paying off creditors, distributing any remaining assets to the principals. 899. Window Dressing- It is a strategy mutual fund and portfolio manager use at the end of year or quarter for improving the appearance of the portfolio performance before it is presented to clients. 900. Window Guaranteed Investment Contract It is an investment plan where a payment series is made to an insurance company and the principal and interest rate is guaranteed by the insurance company to which payments are made. 901. Window of Opportunity- It is the time period that is short in which an opportunity exists that is not attained now. 902. Window Settlement-It is a settlement type among dealers in which settlement of trade is done by the physical comparison between transactions of actual money and transferrable stocks. 903. Winner's Curse- It is a winning bid tendency in an auction for exceeding intrinsic value of the purchased item. 904. Wire Fate Item- It is an archaic term referring request made by a bank when it sends a check or draft for encashment to a bank in a different jurisdiction, for prompt advice or notification of payment or non-payment. 905. Wire Fraud- It is a situation when a person frames a scheme for getting the money back which was gained by misrepresented facts. 906. Wire House Broker- is a broker who is dependent and works for a firm having various branches as full-service broker, offering research, advising for investment and order execution. 907. Wire House- It is a company who has got various branches at different locations that are linked by a system that helps in sharing of financial information, research and prices.

908. Wire Room- IT is a operating department for fund transfers of a financial institution. 909. Wire Transfer-It is an electronic fund transfer throughout a network administered by hundreds of banks around the world. 910. Witching Hour- It refers to the last stock trading hour from 3pm to 4pm EST controlled by large professionals. 911. Withdrawal It refers to removing of funds from an account, plan, pension or trust. 912. Withdrawal Benefits-It is the employee s right having a qualified pension plan that can be cashed out when employee leaves an employer. 913. Withdrawal Credits, Pension Plan- It is the employee s right having a qualified pension plan for cashing out any accumulated benefits when employer leaves. 914. Withdrawal Penalty- It refers to the penalty individual incurs by withdrawing early from an account that is locked for a particular period. 915. Withdrawal Plan- IT is the a strategy where an investor liquidates some portion of a portfolio and extracts cash periodically, such as an investor selling equity shares every year to help supplement their retirement. 916. Withholding Allowance- It is an allowance that can be claimed by an individual on a W-4 Form used to assist an employer for calculating the income tax amount. 917. Withholding- It refers to tax taken directly from the wages of an individual or other income before receiving the funds. 918. Withholding Tax-It is the Income tax held from employee s wage and is paid directly by the employer to the government. 919. Without Recourse- It is a phrase used when the promissory note or other negotiable instruments buyer assumes the defaulting risk.

920. Wool Growers Floater-It is an insurance policy type providing coverage to sheep owners and warehouse owners who stores and transports wool. 921. Work Cell-It is the logical and strategic resource arrangement in the business environment that is organized for improving the process flow, increasing efficiency and eliminating wastage. 922. Work in Progress (WIP) It is recorded on the asset s side of the balance sheet and is used for the goods under production. 923. Work Opportunity Tax Credit-It is a credit that is nonrefundable and encourages employers for hiring workers from certain minority groups having higher-than-average unemployment rates. 924. Workers' Compensation- It is a system sponsored by state giving monetary benefits to workers getting injured or disabled during their employment. 925. Workflow- It is a task series for producing a desired outcome and involves many participants and different stages in an organization. 926. Working Capital- IT is the capital required to measure efficiency of the company and to meet short-term obligations. 927. Working Capital Loan-It is used to clear short term liabilities and to buy short term assets. 928. Working Capital Management- It is the strategy of managerial accounting that focus on efficient level maintenance of all the components of working capital, 929. Working Capital Turnover- It is a measure to compare the depreciation in working capital with the sales generation in a time period. 930. Working Class- It is a socioeconomic term for the individuals who do jobs with low pay and limited skill or physical labor. 931. Working Interests- It refers to investment in oil and gas drilling operations where investor is directly liable for some part of the ongoing costs attached with exploration etc.

932. Working Ratio-It is a ratio to measure the ability of the company for recovering operating costs from annual revenue. 933. Working Reserves- it is a reserve bank holds which is above the required minimum level and is mandatory for banks to hold it. 934. Working-Age Population- It refers to the total population of a region in a set range of ages which can work. 935. Workout Period-IT refers to the period for which the bond is active. 936. World Bank Group- It consists of five international organizations which are dedicated to provide financial assistance and advice to countries having problems of poverty and economic development. 937. World Congress Of Accountants (WCOA) -It groups leaders in the field of accounting, business and regulations for exploring current issues and innovations on an international and regional level. 938. World Economic Forum-It is a forum to discuss the major issues from the field of politics, economics, social and environment that concerns the world. 939. World Economic Outlook (WEO) It is a International Monetary Fund report analyzing and projecting integral elements of the IMF's surveillance of economic developments and policies of member countries. 940. World Fund- It is a mutual fund investing in securities from various countries and has major portion of its capital investment in U.S. 941. World Gold Council (WGC) IT is a nonprofit association formed by world's leading gold producers, promotes the usage of gold by marketing, research and lobbying. 942. World Trade Organization (WTO) IT is an international organization that deals with the global rules of trade among nations and ensures trade flow smooth, predictable, and free.

943. WorldCom- it is now called as MCI and is U.S. based Telecom Company known for a huge accounting scandal which led to the company bankruptcy protection in 2002. 944. Worldwide Coverage IT is the insurance policy that provides global coverage of the personal property of the insured in the event of loss or damage. 945. Worldwide Income- It is the total income of domestic and foreign taxpayers. 946. Worn Currency- It refers to the torn, damaged or badly spoiled currency notes and is collected by bank from the public and is exchanged for crisp new notes by the Federal Reserve Bank. 947. Worthless Securities- It is a security having zero market value including stocks or bonds publicly or privately traded. 948. Write Out- It is transaction dually traded specialist enact in the issue of an individual stock. 949. Write-Down- IT is the reduction in the asset s book value because it is overvalued in comparison to the market value. 950. Write-Off-It is the reduction in the asset s value or earnings because of an expense or loss. 951. Write-Up- It is the increase in the asset s value or earnings because of inflation or increase in the market price of the product. 952. Writing An Option- It refers to the selling of a right and not the obligation to buy or sell a particular instrument of trading at a specified price before its expiry. 953. Written Premium- It is a term in insurance business for describing the total premiums on the policy issued by an insurance company in a specific time period irrespective of earned portion. 954. Wrongful Dishonor- It is the failure of a bank in honoring a negotiable instrument that is valid. 955. W-Shaped Recovery-It is an recession and recovery economic cycle resembling "W" shape in the chart

956. Y2k - It is the abbreviation for the year 2000 generally used for widespread computer programming shortcut expected to cause extensive havoc as the year changed from 1999 to 2000. 957. Yankee Bond - It is a bond issued to public in the U.S. by foreign banks and corporations and is denominated in U.S. dollars. 958. Yankee CD - It is a certificate of deposit that is issued in the U.S. market by a foreign bank branch. 959. Yankee Certificate Of Deposit - it is a certificate of deposit foreign bank in the United States issue and institution or other large investors use to invest funds in instruments having a relatively high degree of safety. 960. Yankee Market - It is a slang term for the United States stock market used by non - U.S. residents. 961. Yard - It is a term in finance for one billion derived from "milliard". 962. Year - It refers to the calendar year starting from January 1st and ends on December 31st. 963. Year Over Year (YOY) - It is a method of evaluation of two or more measured events for comparing the results at one point of time with those at other time period. 964. Year To Date YTD - It refers to the period starting on January 1st of the current year and ends on current date. 965. Yearly Rate Of Return Method - It is the rate of interest earned on a fund throughout an year derived by dividing the amount of money gained or lost at the year end from the initial investment at the beginning of the year. 966. Yellow Knight - It is a company planned for a takeover but ended up a merger with the target company. 967. Yield - It is the return of income on an investment and it refers to the interest or dividend that is received on a security. 968. Yield - Based Option - It is a debt - instrument - based option deriving its value from the difference in the exercise price and the yield of the underlying debt instrument value.

969. Yield - To - Average Life - It is the fixed - income security yield when average maturity is changed for the date of maturity of the issue. 970. Yield Advantage - it is the relationship in convertible securities and the returned dividend of the common stock of the same issuing company. 971. Yield Basis - It is a quoting price method of a security returning fixed - income as a yield percentage. 972. Yield Burning - It is the practice illegal followed by underwriters that mark the price of the bonds for reducing the yield on the bond. 973. Yield Curve It is a line plotting the interest rates at a set time period for bonds with equal credit quality but differing maturity dates. 974. Yield Curve Risk - It is the experiencing risk of an adverse shift in market rate of interest that is associated with investment in a fixed income instrument. 975. Yield On Cost (YOC) It is the dividend rate annually calculated of a security divided by the average cost on the basis of investments. 976. Yield Pickup - It is the rate of interest additionally received by an investor while selling a lower - yielding bond in exchange of a higher yielding bond. 977. Yield Spread - It is the difference in yields on various debt instruments deducted by the yield of one instrument from another. 978. Yield Spread Premium - It is a compensation type received by a mortgage broker from the original lender to sell an interest rate to a borrower which is more than the lender's par rate for which the borrower qualifies. 979. Yield to Call - IT is the yield from a bond or note to buy and hold the security till the call date. 980. Yield To Maturity (YTM) It is the return rate returned on a bond if it is held till the maturity date. 981. Yield To Worst (YTW) It is the lowest potential yield received on a bond without the issuer becoming defaulting.

982. Yupcap - It is a slang term for a young urban professional who do not afford property but have well paid jobs. 983. Z - Score it is a statistical calculation which quantifies the gap of a data point from the mean of a data set. 984. Zero - Bound Interest Rate it is the minimum percentage of owed principal that a central bank can set. 985. Zero - Coupon Bond it is a debt security which doesn t yield any interest but is traded at a deep discount, it reaps profit at maturity. 986. Zero - Coupon Certificate Of Deposit (CD) it is deposited certificate (CD) which is bought at a largely discounted rate. 987. Zero - Coupon Convertible these are the fixed income instrument which combines both zero - coupon bond and a convertible bond. 988. Zero - Coupon Mortgage it is a type of commercial financing in which payments of regular interest and principal are deferred till the time of maturity, rather than making payment during the course of the loan. 989. Zero - Dividend Preferred Stock it is a preferred share has no need to pay a dividend to its holder. 990. Zero - Floor Limit it is the authorization system of retail in which all of credits of the merchant or debit transactions must tally the outstanding balance due on the card. 991. Zero - Gap Condition it is when the interest rate - sensitive assets and liabilities of the financial institution are parallel to a given maturity. 992. Zero - Investment Portfolio it is a group of investments which, whose summation net value is zero. 993. Zero Balance Account ZBA it is a checking account in which zero balance is maintained through transferring funds automatically from a master account in an amount only which is enough to cover checks that are presented.

994. Zero Basis Risk Swap ZEBRA it is the contract signed between a municipality and a financial intermediary. It is called as "perfect swap" or "actual rate swap". 995. Zero Capital Gains Rate is the 0% rate of the capital gains tax that is levied on individuals who all sell property in an "enterprise zone". 996. Zero Cost Collar it is a sort of positive - carry collar which safe guard any return gained through the purchase of a cap and sale of a floor. Also known as "zero cost options" or "equity risk reversals." 997. Zero Cost Strategy it is a decision in respect to trading or business which does not have any expense upon execution, attach to it. 998. Zero Coupon Inflation Swap it is an exchange of cash flows which permits the investors to lower down or increase their exposure to the risk by decline in the purchasing power of money. 999. Zero Coupon Swap it is a swap agreement in which interest rate are fixed based on a zero coupon bond. 1000. Zero Layoff Policy it is a type of policy of the company that dictates that no employees would be terminated. 1001. Zombie Bank it is a bank or financial institution which have negative net worth. 1002. Zombie Debt it is a sort of bad debt which is so old that a person may have forgotten that they owed it in the first place. 1003. Zombies these are the companies that continue to function even though they are on the verge of being insolvency or near to bankruptcy. 1004. Zone of Possible Agreement it is not a physical place; the zone of possible agreement is taken into consideration when an area in which two or more negotiating parties may find common ground. 1005. Zone Of Resistance it is a zone of the price whereby a stock finds resistance and starts trading downward.

1006. Zone Of Support it is a zone of a price whereby a stock finds support and starts trading upward once again. 1007. Zoning it is the law of the Government which controls the use of land within a jurisdiction. 1008. ZZZZ Best it is a company owned by Barry Minkow in the 1980s. Through such act as falsification and stealing, Minkow appeared to be structure a multimillion dollar corporation. 1009. AAA- It is the highest possible rank assigned to the bond of an issuer by credit rating agencies. 1010. Acceleration Covenant- It is a clause that is included in some debt securities and swap agreements stating that the immediate payment collection and contract termination will take place if any clause is violated. 1011. Accordion Feature- It is an option company purchases and gives right to the company for increasing its credit line. 1012. Accreted Value- It is the value at a particular time for a multiyear instrument accruing interest but do not pay that interest till the time of maturity. 1013. Accretion- it can occur by a company's internal development or by way of mergers and acquisitions. 1014. Accretion of Discount- It is the increase in the discounted instrument value as time passes and it continues till maturity. 1015. Accrued Market Discount- It refers to discount bonds that are sold below face value as it is expected that they will gradually rise in market price till reaching maturity. 1016. Accumulation Bond- It is a bond issued at an original issue discount. 1017. Act Of God Bond- it is a bond issued by insurance company that links principal and interest of a company losses as aresult of natural disaster.

1018. Active Bond Crowd- It creates liquidity and affects the price of bonds that are traded on the market as they are typical account for the largest volume of transactions in the market. 1019. Active Bond- It is a corporate debt instruments and convertible bonds that is issued by well established companies on the NYSE 1020. Add-On Certificate of Deposit- It is a certificate of deposit allowing the bearer for depositing additional funds after the initial purchase date and they will bear the same rate of interest. 1021. After-Acquired Clause- IT is a provision in legal contracts for ensuring that subsequent acquisitions of assets will be included in the debtor's liability to the lender. 1022. Connie Lee - College Construction Loan Insurance Association (CCLIA) It is an enterprise sponsored by government for insuring debt instruments issued by universities or colleges are for the purpose to help initiatives of fund building. 1023. Constant Maturity- constant maturity yields are given by the Fed to investors for comparing securities having same maturity date and helps in determining mortgage rate. 1024. Constant Proportion Debt Obligation (CPDO) It is a collateralized debt instrument having security of debt security index like iTraxx index and returns high yield. 1025. Constant Yield Method- It is a method to calculate accrued discount of bonds traded in the secondary market. 1026. Construction Bond- It is a surety bond investor s use for construction projects for protecting him or her in case of adverse event. 1027. Construction Loan Note (CLN) It is an obligation of short term in the form of note to fund the construction projects like housing developments. 1028. Contingent Convertibles (CoCos) It is a security like a traditional convertible bond which has got a strike price and other

price higher than the strike price which is required to reach before the bond is converted. 1029. Contingent Credit Default Swap (CCDS) It is the credit default swap variation that is triggered by a credit event. 1030. Contingent Immunization- It is a fixed income portfolio management method in which managers has many powers of control in the product selection addition or removal till the time it is profitable. 1031. Continuously Offered Longer-Term Securities (COLTS) IT is a bond that is sold by the World Bank for financing its operations. 1032. Contraction Risk- It is the risk holder of a fixed income security faced in the time rate of prepayment. 1033. Conversion- it refers to converting one convertible type of asset in other type of asset at a predefined price till predetermined date. 1034. Conversion Parity Price-It is the price of a share of stock paid for purchasing the option on a convertible security. 1035. Conversion Premium- It is the excess price of a convertible security from the current market value of the common stock in which it has to be converted. 1036. Conversion Price-It is the price of one share at which a convertible security is converted in the common stock. 1037. Conversion Ratio- It is derived at the time of issue of convertible security and will impact the relative price of the security. 1038. Convertible Adjustable Preferred Stock (CAPS) It is a preferred, floating rate issue having interest rate based on Treasury security rates and is convertible for common stock or cash. 1039. Convertible Arbitrage- It is a strategy of investment involving long position on a convertible security and a short position in its converting common stock. 1040. Convertible Bond Arbitrage- it is a strategy of arbitrage aiming at capitalizing on wrong pricing between a convertible bond and its underlying stock.

1041. Convertible Bond- It is a bond that is converted into a share in a predefined time. 1042. Convertible Subordinate Note- It is a short-term debt security which is convertible into common stock. 1043. Convertibles- It is a security that can be converted into common stock. 1044. Convexity- It is a measure of risk management which shows the relationship between bond prices and bond yields which shows bond changes duration in respect to interest rate changes. 1045. Core Plus- IT is a fixed-income investment management method permitting managers in adding instruments having great risk and great potential return. 1046. Corporate Bond- IT is a debt security company issues to investors and collateral for the bond is the payment ability of the company. 1047. Corporate Debt Restructuring- It is a debt security company issues to investors. The backing for the bond is usually the payment ability of the company, which is typically money to be earned from future operations. In some cases, the company's physical assets may be used as collateral for bonds. Corporate bonds are considered higher risk than government bonds. As a result, interest rates are almost always higher, even for top-flight credit quality companies. 1048. Corporate Inflation-Linked Securities- It refers to the securities that are corporate debt financing securities offering holders protection for fluctuations in the rate of inflation. 1049. Coupon Equivalent Rate (CER) IT is a calculation for determining coupon rate for comparing zero-coupon and coupon fixed-income securities. 1050. Coupon Equivalent Yield (CEY) It is a calculation for determining the yield on bonds having maturities of less than one year and sold normally at a discount.

1051. Coupon- it refers to the interest rate specified on the bond at the time of its issue. 1052. Coupon Pass-It comes from the dealers when Federal Reserve purchases t-bills. 1053. Covenant- IT is given to give more security to the lender and covers everything from minimum dividend payments to maintaining working capital. 1054. Covered Bond- IT refers to the securities from public sector loans or mortgage loans where the security has got security of group of loans. 1055. Crammed Down- It is a situation where the investment in new project is not done by the companies till the time preceding investors of the company lower the original investment value. 1056. Credit Cliff- IT is a slang term for compounding of company's credit deterioration because of provisions like financial covenants. 1057. Credit Default Contract-IT is a security having a risk level and pricing on the basis of risk of credit default by one or more underlying security issuers. 1058. Credit Default Insurance- IT is the use of financial agreement like a credit derivative, total return swap, or credit linked note for covering the risk of loss because of default by a borrower. 1059. Credit Linked Note (CLN) It is made by a Special Purpose Company, or trust having collateral with AAA-rated securities. 1060. Credit Loss Ratio- IT is the ratio of current credit-related losses in respect to the current par value of a mortgage-backed security. 1061. Credit Market-IT is the market for companies who want to raise funds through debt issuance. 1062. Credit Quality- It is the main criteria to judge the quality of investment of a bond and tells about bond portfolio's credit worthiness.

1063. Credit Rating- It is assessing the credit worthiness of individuals and companies on the basis of the history of borrowing and repayment and availability of assets. 1064. Creditor- IT refers to an individual or company extending credit by giving other individual permission for borrowing money if it is paid back on a later date. 1065. Cross Calling-IT is a redeeming of bonds method that uses surplus funds given from an unrelated bond issue. 1066. Cross Default- It is a provision in a bond indenture or loan agreement that makes borrower default if the borrower is default on other obligation. 1067. Crossover Refunding- It is a local government's issue of new municipal bonds where the proceeds of the refunding bonds are in escrow and used for making debt service payments. 1068. Cum Coupon- It is a status of bond meaning the bond buyer has the right to receive the current coupon payment on the bond. 1069. Currency Band- it is a system of currency establishing a trading range that a exchange rate of currency can float. 1070. Current Coupon Bond- IT is a bond having a coupon rate within 0.5% of the current market rate and is less volatile than other bonds. 1071. Current Face- It refers to the current par value of a mortgagebacked security is found by multiplying the current pool factor by the mortgage-backed security's original face value. 1072. Current Maturity-It is the gap from the present date to the maturity date of a bond. 1073. Current Yield- It refers to the annual income divided as a result of the current price of the security. 1074. Cushion Bond- it is a callable bond selling at a premium as the issued coupon payments are above market interest rates. 1075. Dayrate Volatility it is the intraday instability of an exchange rate, which changes due to imbalances in supply and demand.

1076. Halloween Massacre it is the decision of Canada to imposed tax all income trusts domiciled in Canada. 1077. Halloween Strategy it is an technique of investment in which an investor sells stocks prior to May 1 and avoid reinvesting in the stock market until October 31, 1078. Index Investing it is a form of passive investing that focuses to produce the same rate of return as an underlying market index. 1079. Interest Shortfall - Any interest that has not been paid subsequent to the loan expenditure have been compensated. 1080. Knowledge Economy it is a scheme of consumption and production which is based on intellectual capital. 1081. Notice Of Termination - it usually refers to discern provided by an employer depicting the date on which an employee's or employees' agreement of employment will end. 1082. Sort Sale it is a market deal in which an investor sells rented securities in expectation of a price turn down and is obligatory to return an equivalent number of shares at some point in the future. 1083. Tap Issue it is a process that enables the borrowers to sell bonds or other short-term debt instruments from earlier issues. 1084. Targeted Amortization Class TAC- it is a kind of credit derivative that is alike to a planned amortization class (PAC) in that it safe guard investors from prepayment; however, it is prepared different manner than a PAC. 1085. Tax Anticipation Bill TAB it is unique bills sold at a reduction and maturing within 23 to 273 days that the United States Treasury Department issues to investors. 1086. Tax Anticipation Note TAN it is a short-term debt security offered by a state or local government to fund an instant project that will be repaid with prospect tax collections. 1087. Taxable Municipal Bond it is a fixed-income security offered by a local government such as a city or county or connected agencies, the returns from which is not excused from tax.

1088. Tax-Equivalent Yield - The pretax yield that a chargeable on bond needs to own for its yield to be equivalent to that of a tax-free municipal bond. 1089. Tax-Exempt Commercial Paper it is an unsecured short-term loan, typically offered to fund short-term liabilities, that provides the debt holders various level of tax preference on the income from their debt investment at a local, state or federal level, or a combination thereof. 1090. Ted Spread it is the price disparity among three-month futures contracts for U.S. Treasuries and three-month contracts for Eurodollars comprising matching expiration months. 1091. Telephone Bond it is a bonds issued by telephone companies, or obligations of issuers who function in the telecommunications sector. 1092. Temporary Default it is a bond ranking that suggests the issuer might not formulate all of the necessary interest payments, but is captivating actions to evade a full default. 1093. Tender - To make an offer for delivery aligned with futures. 1094. Term Structure Of Interest Rates it is a yield curve displaying the association among zero-coupon spot rates of securities and their period to maturity. 1095. The Bond Buyer it is a municipal bond market daily trade magazine. 1096. Thirty-Year Treasury it is a U.S. Treasury debt obligation which comprise of a maturity of 30 years period. 1097. Toggle Note it is a payment-in-kind bond, where the issuer has the alternative to postpone an interest payment by approving to pay an augmented coupon in the future. 1098. Toll Revenue Bond it is a financial promissory note usually issued to make funds for the construction and/or functioning of a public space such as an expressway, bridge, or tunnel.

1099. Total Bond Fund it is a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund that seeks to imitate a wide bond index by owning several securities transversely a range of maturities, from both public and private sectors. 1100. Transportation Bond it is a fixed-income obligation of issuers that possess and operate transportation systems such as ports, highways, bridges and public transit. 1101. Treasury Inflation Protected Securities TIPS it is a treasury security that is indexed to inflation in classify to guard investors from the unenthusiastic effects of inflation. 1102. Treasury Investment Growth Receipts TIGRs it is a little group of bonds measured "feline" securities since its acronym sounds like "tiger". 1103. Treasury Receipt it is a zero-coupon bond offered by a brokerage firm and collateralized by treasury securities detained for the investor by a guardian. 1104. Triple-Tax-Free it is an investment featuring interest payments which are excused from taxes at the municipal, state and federal levels. It is also called as "triple tax-exempt". 1105. Trust Certificate it is a bond or debt venture, typically in a public corporation, that is backed by additional assets which provide a purpose alike to collateral. 1106. Trust Indenture it is a contract in the bond contract prepared between a bond issuer and a trustee that represents the bondholder's wellbeing by highlighting the regulations and responsibilities that every party must stick to. 1107. Trust Preferred Securities TruPS it is a security alike to debentures and preferreds that is usually longer term, has premature redemption features, makes quarterly permanent interest payments, and matures at face value.

1108. Undetachable Stock Warrant it is a right linked to a bond that can be redeemed for stock, but cannot be sold unconnectedly from the bond. 1109. Unlimited Tax Bond it is a municipal bond that is backed by the pledge of the issuer to elevate taxes, not including limit, to service the debt until it is repaid. 1110. Unseasoned Security it is a monetary tool that has only freshly been made accessible for trading. 1111. Unsecured Note it is a loan that is not protected by the assets of the issuer. Unsecured notes are alike to debentures but bid a higher rate of return with fewer security than a debenture. 1112. Unsubordinated Debt it is a loan or security that position above other loans or securities in concern to claims on assets or earnings. It is also called as a senior security. 1113. Upgrade- it is a positive change in the ranking of a security. An upgrade is typically triggered by a stable improvement in the fundamentals and financials of the individual that has issued the security. 1114. Usury it is the different jurisdictions have diverse policy as to what constitutes usury, but the majority places have laws safe guarding the consumers from the ritual of borrowing at such a high interest rate. 1115. Utility Revenue Bond it is a kind of municipal bond that is offered to finance efficacy projects, such as electrical plants, water systems, sewer systems or any other type of public utility. 1116. Variable Coupon Renewable Note VCR it is a renewable permanent income security with changeable coupon rates that are occasionally reset. 1117. Variable Interest Rate it is an interest rate that shifts up and down based on the changes of on core interest rate index.

1118. Variable Rate Demand Bond it is a debt tool that represents rented funds that are payable on demand and accrue interest based on an existing money market rate, such as the prime rate. 1119. Yellow Sheets it is a U.S. bulletin which provides an updated bid and asks prices as well as additional information on OTC bonds. 1120. Yield Curve it is a line that plots the interest rates, at a place point in time, of bonds having equivalent credit quality, but opposed maturity dates. 1121. Yield Elbow it is the spot on the yield curve at which the interest rate is the peak. 1122. Yield Equivalence it is a computation for restating semiannual, quarterly, or monthly discount-bond or note yields into an yearly yield. For a permanent income security with a balance value of $1000, the calculation is as follows: 1123. Yield Maintenance - A down payment of premium that allows investors to accomplish the same yield as if the borrower complete all listed mortgage expenditure until maturity.