Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Detecting Dark Energy from Supervoids and Superclusters

Istvn Szapudi1,2,3 , Ben Granett1 , & Mark Neyrinck1,4
1 Institute 2 Institute

for Astronomy, University of Hawaii for Advanced Studies, Collegium Budapest 3 Etvs University 4 Johns Hopkins University

Leopoldina DARK ENERGY Conference, Munich, Oct. 7-11, 2008

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Outline

Introduction/Cross-correlation

ISW from Superstructures

ISW from Potential Maps

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Integrated Sachs-Wolf Effect

Photons passing through changing gravitational potentials are becoming slightly hotter or colder The effect is linear if = 1 If the universe is at (e.g., from CMB), linear ISW effect signals Dark Energy Caviat: there can be a non-linear effect as well

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

ISW Effect and Cross-Correlation

Galaxy catalogs and the CMB are correlated due to the ISW effect This is a tiny correlation compared to the CMB uctuations, but it has been detected in several galaxy catalogs Combining all available data sets gives up to 4 result (Giannantonio etal, Ho etal) Evaluating the detection signicance requires full knowledge of the covariances (between bins and catalogs)

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

ISW Effect and Cross-Correlation

Galaxy catalogs and the CMB are correlated due to the ISW effect This is a tiny correlation compared to the CMB uctuations, but it has been detected in several galaxy catalogs Combining all available data sets gives up to 4 result (Giannantonio etal, Ho etal) Evaluating the detection signicance requires full knowledge of the covariances (between bins and catalogs)

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

SDSS DR6 LRG

7500 square degree 2SLAQ cuts 746962 objects 0.45 < z < 0.75 with median z = 0.52 median photo-z errors z 0.04

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

The SDSS DR6 LRG catalog

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

WMAP 5-year data set

co-added Q,V,W ILC map MCMC map (joint t to temperature, polarization and foregrounds) KQ75 galactic foreground masks maps are smoothed to 1 FWHM resolution Healpix Nside = 64 maps, or 55 arcminute resolution

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Cross-correlation results with SpICE and MLHood

Agreement with Giannantonio etal, Ho etal, e.g., 2.1 from the MCMC map..

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Beyond Cross-correlation
Why in the linear regime

Non-optimal weighting No redshift information was used Cosmic variance of galaxy data, even though we have access to a particular realization Perhaps more than linear signal ...

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Finding Superstructures (100Mpc scales)

The magic of Voboz

Voboz/Zobov algorithms to nd supervoids and superclusters int the LRG catalog Cutting out the highest signal-to-noise areas (simple weighting) Photometric redshift information is used Actual realization of the galaxy (DM) eld is used Linear use of the data Possibility of localizing the signal, especially if there is a non-linear component

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Supervoids and Superclusters

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Back to the Basics: Image-stacking

Granett, Neyrinck, & Szapudi 2008, ApjL, 68, L99-102

Two different Monte Carlos to determine signicance: agree within 2%

I. Szapudi DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Detection signicance
Robust against number, radius, color.

N 30 50 70 50 50 50 50 50

Radius 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

T K 11.1 9.6 5.4 8.4 9.3 9.6 9.2 7.8

T / 4.0 4.4 2.8 3.4 4.0 4.4 4.4 3.8

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Granett, Neyrinck, & Szapudi, in prep.

What does this mean, how do we do cosmology with our results? Understand Voboz/Zobov or simplify technique Keep advantages: weighting,redshift information and realization. Calculate the potential from the galaxies (N-body engine) Raytracing, using the linear growth factor to calculate derivatives in 2 Use maximum likelihood to reveal the signal in the CMB data.

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Potential map corresponding to the LRG catalog

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Max. Likelihood/Matched Filter

if Y = X plus some noise (here the CMB) Maximum likelihood gives

1 XC Y , = YC 1 Y

(1)

with variance 2 = (YC 1 Y )1 , where C = Xi Xj is related to the bias (and any numerical factors missed in the prediction) looks like an optimal sum over a two-point quantity

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Detection Signicance from Potential Map

Map Q Coadd V Coadd W Coadd Q FG reduced V FG reduced W FG reduced MCMC ILC

Amplitude 2.96 1.71 3.33 1.71 3.01 1.71 3.43 1.71 3.52 1.71 3.20 1.71 3.75 1.71 4.33 1.67

1.7 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.9 2.2 2.6

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Disappearing the cross-correlations

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Potential + Superstructures
Formally a 5.3 signal

I. Szapudi

DE from Supervoids and Superclusters

Introduction/Cross-correlation ISW from Superstructures ISW from Potential Maps

Summary
www.ifa.hawaii.edu/supervoids for more

Over 2 detection of the linear ISW from cross-correlation and (marginally better) potential maps from the LRGs Cross-correlation disappears when the best t ISW map is subtracted Signal from superstructures over 4 very robustly This appears to be in addition to the linear ISW signal Potential + Superstructures 5.3! The nature of the signal from superstructures is yet to be determined (astrophysical, non-linear, or...? ) Pan-STARRS will be able to conrm all these measurements with overwhelming statistical signicance: 6 for linear ISW. Theoretical investigations of the non-linear ISW are on-going.
I. Szapudi DE from Supervoids and Superclusters