JOHANNA ALZATE ARENAS LIST OF REGULAR VERBS (VERBOS REGULARES)

BASE FORM Add

P.PARTICIPL E Added

DEFINITION To put something with something else to increase the number or amount or to improve the whole

PRONUNCIATIO N /d/

EXAMPLES 1) Add pork to the pot and bring the liquid to a boil. 2) Add the lamb, garlic, onion, pepper, salt, cinnamon and so on. 3)She is added a Picasso to her collection. 4)Beat the butter and sugar together and slowly add the eggs. 5) My mother added much sugar in the juice.

Agree

Agreed

To have a same opinion, or accept a suggestion or idea.

/ri/

1)Ann and I never seem to agree. 2)I agree with you on this issue. 3)I agree that he should be invited. 4) My father and I do not agree about very much. 5) I agree with you about this decision.

Allow

Allowed

To make it possible for someone to do something, or to not prevent something from happening; permit.

/la/

1)You are not allowed to talk during the exam. 2)Smoking is not allowed in this restaurant. 3) The referee decided to allow the goal. 4) Do you think Dad will allow you to go to Jamies party? 5)Eating is not

Answer

Answered

To say , write or do something as a reaction to a question, letter, telephone call etc.

/ nsr /

allowed in the classroom. 1)I can not answer you without more detailed information. 2)I phoned last night but nobody answered. 3) You havent answered my question. 4)Someones at the door would you answer it please? 5)My sister answered her boyfriends letter.

Apply

Applied

1)To request something, usually oficially, especially by writing or sending in a form. 2)To have a connection or be important. 3)To make use of something or use it for a practical purpose.

/pla/

1)By the time I saw the job advertised it was already too late to apply. 2)Those were old regulations-they do not apply to you. 3) We`ve applied to a charitable organization for a grant for the project. 4)He wants a job in which he can apply his foreing languages. 5)I applied for a good job. 1) What time will your train arrive? 2) It was dark by the time we arrived at the station. 3) We arrived in Prague later that day. 4) I arrived back to find that my room had been burgled. 5) What time did you arrive?

Arrive

Arrived

To reach a place, especially at the end of a journey.

/rav/

Ask

Asked

To put a question to someone, or to request an answer from someone.

/sk/

1)Can I ask a favour of you? 2)I asked the guard the time of the trains departure. 3)I asked when the train would leave. 4)If you need any help, please do not hesitate to ask. 5)Can I ask something? 1)I try to avoid going shopping on Saturdays. 2)The report studiosly avoided any mention of the controversial plan. 3)I am anxious to avoid the motorway at rush hour. 4)Do you think Julians avoiding me? 5)I avoid to eat fast food. 1)He believes that all children are born with equal intelligence. 2)He told me she was just a friend, but I do not believe a word of it! 3)He is upstairs doing his homework, believe it or not. 4)She couldnt believe her eyes when she saw him pull out a gun. 5) They believe in God. 1)This table belongs in the sitting-room. 2)Where do these spoons belong?

Avoid

Avoided

To say away from someone or something, or prevent something from happening or not allow yourself to do something.

/vd/

Believe

Believed

To think that something is true, correct or real.

/bliv/ /bliv /

Belong

Belonged

To be in the right or suitable place.

/bl/

3)These papers belong with the others. 4)This book belongs to Sarah. 5)We belong to UNICA. 1)His real name is Jonathan, but they ve always called him Johnny. 2)He called you last night when you were out. 3)The electrician must have called this morning when we were out- there is a note on the door mat. 4)I was called to an emergency meeting this morning. 5)My father called me last weekend. 1) Gina was carrying a small bunch of flowers. 2) Angela carried the child in her arms. 3) Let me carry that for you. 4) Jack carried his grandson up the stairs. 5) She carries her bag every day. 1) The rules won't change overnight (=change quickly). 2) The leaves on trees change colour in the autumn. 3) Changing your eating habits is the best way to lose weight. 4) Susan has changed a lot since I last saw

Call

Called

1)To give someone or something a name, or to know or address someone by a particular name. 2)To telephone someone. 3)To visit someone , especially for a short time.

/kl/

Carry

Carried

To hold something in your hand or arms, or support it as you take it somewhere

/ kri/

Change

Changed

To become different, or to make something become different

/tend/

her. 5)Angie changed her bed last month. 1)The restaurant charged us 40 for the wine. 2)We won't charge for delivery if you pay now. 3)Wilson charged the drinks to his room. 4)I charged the shoes on Visa. 5)Sandra charged apples to the kitchen. Check Checked To do something in order to find out whether something really is correct, true, or in good condition. /tek/ 1)Check that all the doors are locked securely. 2)Let me just check whether the potatoes are cooked. 3)I checked the typing for errors. 4)You must check the evidence against other sources and decide if it is reliable. 5)I checked my email yesterday. Contain Contained Have or hold within. /knten/ 1)The thieves stole a purse containing banknotes. 2)The museum contains a number of original artworks. 3)The letter contained information about Boulestin's legal affairs. 4)This product may contain nuts. 5)The restaurant

Charge

Charged

Demand (an amount) as a price for a service rendered or goods supplied.

/trd /

Count

Counted

To calculate the total number of things or people in a group.

/kant/

contains a lot of tables. 1)I was amazed at the number of plants - I counted 147. 2)Count up how many ticks are in each box. 3)Sarah can count up to five now.. 4)Today's session is counted as training, so you will get paid. 5)I counted many women on the bus. 1)Would you mind if I closed the window? 2)She closed the curtains. 3)Let me do the car door - it won't close properly. 4)Beth closed her eyes and tried to sleep. 5)They close the cafeteria at 9:00 pm. 1)Could you copy this letter and send it out, please? 2)To copy a file, press F3. 3)A design copied from an 18th century wallpaper. 4)The pupils just

Close

closed

To shut something in order to cover an opening, or to become shut in this way

/kls/

Copy

Copied

To deliberately make or produce something that is exactly like another thing

/ kpi /

copy from textbooks and learn facts.

5)I copied my number into her notebook. 1)Cover the pot and bake for an hour. 2)She wore a lowcut dress, partly covered by a thin shawl.

Cover

Covered

To put something over or be over something in order to hide, close, or protect it.

/ kvr /

3)Dan covered his face with his hands. 4)Much of the country is covered by snow. 5)My mother covers all the expenses at home. 1)Some people believe the universe was created by a big explosion. 2)Her behaviour is creating a lot of problems. 3)This dish was created by our chef Jean Richard. 4)Philip Glass created a new kind of music. 5)My sister and I created a wonderful picture. Decide Decided To make a choice or judgment about something, especially after considering all the possibilities or arguments /dsad/ 1)Has anything been decided yet? 2)Tina's decided to go to Rome for her holidays. 3)It was decided that four hospitals should close. 4)I can't decide whether I like him or not. 5)We decided to go to the party. Define Defined To describe something correctly and thoroughly, and to say what standards, limits, qualities etc it has that make it different from /dfan/ 1)the ability to define clients' needs. 2)The duties of the post are difficult to define. 3)The tasks will be clearly defined by

Create

Created

1)To make something exist that did not exist before 2)To invent or design something

/kriet/

other things.

the tutor. 4)I'll now try to define the term 'popular culture'. 5)I have defined all the regular and irregular verbs.

Design

Designed

To make a drawing or plan of something that will be made or built

/dzan/

1) The tower was designed by Gilbert Scott. 2) She designed a new logo for the company. 3) A badly designed office. 4) Specially designed software. 5) Beinerth designed interesting books.

Depend

Depended

Be controlled or determined by.

/dpend/

1)'How long are you staying?' 'I don't know; it depends.' 2) The length of time spent exercising depends on the sport you are training for. 3) Choosing the right bike depends on what you want to use it for. 4) We depend entirely on donations from the public. 5) He has to depend on his parents.

Develop

Developed

To grow or cause to grow and become larger or more advanced.

/dvelp/

1)Knowledge in the field of genetics has been developing very rapidly. 2) Corsica has

developed its economy around the tourist industry. 3) Chicago developed into a big city in the late 1800s. 4) It's hard to believe that a tree can develop from a small seed. 5) Karen developed a strange disease. Destroy Destroyed To damage something so badly that it no longer exists or cannot be used or repaired /dstr/ 1) The school was completely destroyed by fire. 2) Companies that are polluting and destroying the environment. 3) The scandal destroyed Simmons and ended his political career. 4) One of the bulls had to be destroyed. 5)My father destroyed his car in the accident. Dry Dried To make something dry, or to become dry. /dra/ 1) Mrs Brown hung the washing on the line to dry. 2) He was drying his hair with a towel. 3) Mary dried her hands. 4) Leave the first coat of paint to dry before adding another. 5)I dry my clients hair every day. Earn Earned To receive a particular /rn / 1) He earns nearly 20,000 a year.

amount of money for the work that you do

2) You don't earn much money being a nurse. 3) He did all sorts of jobs to earn a living. 4) She was earning good money at the bank. 5)They earn $20.000 per day.

Employ

Employed

To pay someone to work for you

/mpl/

1) The factory employs over 2000 people. 2) Kelly is employed as a mechanic. 3) We have been employed to look at ways of reducing waste. 4) The report examines teaching methods employed in the classroom. 5) I employed a hairstylist last month.

Enjoy

Enjoyed

To get pleasure from something.

/nd/

1) Sandra enjoys her job in the city. 2) I enjoyed every minute of it. 3) Young children enjoy helping around the house. 4) Julia was just starting to enjoy herself. 5) My best friend enjoyed the movie.

Erase

Erased

Rub out or obliterate; remove all traces of.

/res /

1) The computer crashed, and all our records were erased.

2) Some of the names had been accidentally erased. 3) Their dream is to erase poverty and injustice from the world. 4) He couldn't erase the image from his mind. 5) He erased his homework accidentally. Escape Escaped To get away from a place or dangerous situation when someone is trying to catch you or stop you. /skep/ 1) He broke down the locked door and escaped. 2) He escaped from prison in October. 3) She escaped to Britain in 1938. 4) A boy escaped unhurt when the fire in his room exploded. 5) The thief escaped when he stole womans wallet. Express Expressed convey (a thought or feeling) in words or by gestures and conduct. /ksprs, k-/ 1) Bill's not afraid to express his opinions. 2) Parents have expressed their concerns about their children's safety. 3) She expressed an interest in seeing York. 4) Express your reasons for applying in simple terms. 5) My boyfriend doesn't express his emotions as much as I do.

Establish

Established

Set up on a firm or permanent basis.

/stabl/

1) The city of Boerne was established by German settlers in the 1840s. 2) Our goal is to establish a new research centre in the North. 3) I wondered why he should bother to try and establish contact with me. 4) The police must establish the facts of the case before proceeding. 5) I established the homes rules.

Finish

Finished

To complete the last part of something that you are doing

/ fn/

1) You can't go anywhere until you've finished your homework. 2) Have you finished that book yet? 3) I finished typing the report just minutes before it was due. 4) What time does school finish? 5)I finished the homework at 2:00am

Fill

Filled

Make or become full.

/fl/

1) He poured her a drink, then filled his own glass. 2) My job was filling the flour sacks. 3) Take a deep breath and allow your lungs

to fill.

4) Her eyes filled

with tears. 5) He fills all the requirement for that job. Fit Fitted 1)To try a piece of clothing on someone to see if it is the right size for them, or to make sure a special piece of equipment is right for them. 2) If something fits in a place, it is the right size or shape to go there
/ft/

1) His clothes did not fit him very well. 2) The uniform fitted her perfectly. 3) The jacket's fine, but the trousers don't fit. 4) I'm being fitted for a new suit tomorrow. 5) They fit their classes every semester.

Fix

Fixed

1)To repair something that is broken or not working properly. 2) To decide on a limit for something, especially prices, costs etc, so that they do not change. 3) To decide on a particular time etc when something will happen

/fks/

1) He's outside fixing the brakes on the car. 2) Ellis was able to quickly find and fix the problem. 3) Rent was fixed at $1,750 per month. 4) Have you fixed a date for the wedding yet? 5)My brother fixed his car last Friday.

Furnish

Furnished

1) To put furniture and other things into a house or room. 2) To supply or provide something.

/ frn /

1) Having bought the house, they couldn't afford to furnish it. 2) A room furnished with a desk and swivel chair. 3) Will these finds furnish more information on

prehistoric man? 4) John was furnished with a list of local solicitors. 5)Carlos furnished his new apartment last weekend.

Flow

Flowed

Move steadily and continuously in a current or stream

/fl/

1) These gates regulate the amount of water flowing into the canal. 2) If the windows are shut, air cannot flow freely through the building. 3) Money has been flowing into the country from Western aid agencies. 4) The new oneway system should help the traffic to flow better. 5) My niece was relaxed and the interview flowed freely.

Happen

Happend

Take place; occur.

/hapn/

1) When did the accident happen? 2) It's impossible to predict what will happen next. 3) Something terrible has happened. 4) She carried on as if nothing had happened. 5) That happened to you, because you did not follow the rules.

Guess

Guessed

To try to answer a

/es/

1) I'd say he's around 50, but I'm

question or form an opinion when you are not sure whether you will be correct

only guessing. 2) If you guess correctly, you have another turn. 3) You can guess what happened next. 4) What star sign are you? No, let me guess. 5)The pub is marvelous. Guess, Where is it?

Help

Helped

To make it possible or easier for someone to do something by doing part of their work or by giving them something they need

/help/

1) If there's anything I can do to help, just give me a call. 2) I helped her to carry her cases up the stairs. 3) She helped him choose some new clothes. 4) Herbal products that help you to relax and sleep 5)Can I help you?

Hope

Hoped

To want something to happen or be true and to believe that it is possible or likely

/hp/

1) We hope that more women will decide to join the course. 2) I do hope everything goes well. 3) It was hoped that the job would be filled by a local person. 4) We were hoping for good weather. 5) My cousin is hoping good news about his job promotion.

Ignore

Ignored

To deliberately pay no attention to something that you have been

/nr /

1) You can't ignore the fact that many criminals never go

told or that you know about.

to prison. 2) Problems which we can't afford to ignore. 3) The phone rang, but she ignored it. 4) Sam rudely ignored the question. 5) They ignore the University rules.

Underlie

Underlined

1) To draw a line under a word to show that it is important. 2) To show that something is important.

[nd'lan]

1) This tragic incident underlines the need for immediate action. 2) They underlined their qualities. 3) This problem underlines the need to change our eating habits. 4) She underlined her math summary. 5) He underlined that his son is beautiful.

Improve

Improved

1)To make something better, or to become better 2) To do something better than before or make something better than before:

/mpruv/

1) A course for students wishing to improve their English. 2) You could use the money for improving your home. 3) Bertorelli has scored 165 points, and I don't think anyone will improve on that. 4) The doctors say she is improving (=after being ill). 5) I want to improve my English skills.

Include

Included

1)If one thing includes another, the second thing is part of the first 2) To make someone or something part of a larger group or set

/nklud/

1) Does the price include postage? 2) His job includes looking after under-21 teams. 3) The curriculum includes courses in computing. 4) The team is stronger now they've included Roscoe. 5)This course includes topics about Math.

Increase

Increased

If you increase something, or if it increases, it becomes bigger in amount, number, or degree

/nkris/

1) The population increased dramatically in the first half of the century. 2) Political tensions that might increase the likelihood of war. 3) Visits to the site have increased threefold since May. 4) Investments are certain to increase in value. 5) We increase our knowledge every day.

Indicate

Indicated

To show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true.

/ ndket /

1) Research indicates that over 81% of teachers are dissatisfied with their salary. 2) Long skid marks on the pavement indicated the driver had attempted to brake. 3) The study indicates a connection between poverty

and crime. 4) The Russians have already indicated their willingness to cooperate. 5) Statistics indicate that there are a lot of people with obesity problems in the U.S.A. Join Joined 1) To become a member of an organization, society, or group. 2) To begin to take part in an activity that other people are involved in /dn/ 1) When did you join the Labour party? 2) I decided to join the army. 3) You can enjoy a sport without joining a club or belonging to a team. 4) Many sacrificed their weekend to join the hunt for the missing girl. 5) Karla joined to our Gym. Kill Killed To make a person or animal die /kl/ 1) Why did she kill her husband? 2) Murray held a gun to his head and threatened to kill him. 3) Four people were killed when a train plunged into a flooded river. 4) The driver was killed instantly. 5) He killed his dog with a poison. Learn Learned To gain knowledge of a subject or skill, by experience, by studying it, or by being taught. /lrn / 1) What's the best way to learn a language? 2) I learnt to drive when I was 17. 3) Hector spent the winter learning

how to cope with his blindness. 4) The teacher's task is to help the pupil learn. 5 )Most of students think that It is difficult to learn a second language. Lift Lifted 1) To move something or someone upwards into the air. /lft/ 1) Sophie lifted the phone before the second ring. 2) He lifted the lid on the pot of soup. 3) The lumber was lifted by crane and dropped into the truck. 4) They lifted Andrew onto the bed. 5) The waitress lifted all the dishes fastly. Like Liked To enjoy something or think that it is nice or good /lak/ 1) I like your jacket. 2) I don't really like classical music. 3) Do you like this colour? 4) I like my coffee quite weak. 5)I do not like rock music. Listen Listened To pay attention to what someone is saying or to a sound that you can hear / lsn/ 1)Listen! There's a strange noise in the engine. 2)We sat around listening to music. 3)The whole class was listening attentively. 4)Liz stood still and listened hard (=very

carefully). 5)Listen, they want to go to the theater with us. Look Looked To turn your eyes towards something, so that you can see it /lk/ 1)We sneaked out while Jessie's mom wasn't looking. 2)If you look carefully you can see that the painting represents a human figure. 3)Gina covered her eyes, afraid to look. 4)'It's time we left,' Ian said, looking at his watch. 5) She looks happy every day. Match Matched 1)Be equal to in quality or strength. 2) If one thing matches another, or if two things match, they look attractive together because they are a similar 3) Two things that match look the same because they are a pair Measure Measured 1)To find the size, length, or amount of something, using standard units such as INCHes, metres etc 2) To judge the importance, value, or true nature of /me(r)/ /mt/ 1) We painted the cabinets green to match the rug. 2) Do you think this outfit matches? 3) Your socks don't match. 4) The suspect matched the descriptions provided by witnesses. 5)

1) The rainfall was measured over a three-month period. 2) She was being measured for her wedding dress. 3) We can measure the energy that food provides in

something [= a ssess]

calories. 4) Doctors say it is too early to measure the effectiveness of the drug. 5 )My room measures 20x50 metres.

Mix

Mixed

1) If you mix two or more substances or if they mix, they combine to become a single substance, and they cannot be easily separated

/mks/

1)Oil and water don't mix. 2) Shake the bottle well so that the oil mixes with the vinegar. 3) The powder is mixed with cold water to form a paste. 4) First mix the butter and sugar together, then add the milk. 5)Do not mix acid and sweet fruits.

Modify

Modified

To make small changes to something in order to improve it and make it more suitable or effective [= ad apt].

/mdf/

1) The feedback will be used to modify the course for next year. 2) The regulations can only be modified by a special committee. 3) The seats can be modified to fit other types of vehicle. 4)She modified rules office. 5)My mother modified the restaurants schedule.

Move

Moved

To change from one place or position to another, or to make something do this

/muv/

1) Please keep the doors closed while the train is moving. 2) 'Come on,' Sue said. No one

moved. 3) Could you move your car, please? It's blocking the road. 4) The plane moved slowly along the runway, then stopped. 5) We moved from Calarca, Quindio to Bogota since 1985. Need Needed To have to have something or someone, because you cannot do something without them, or because you cannot continue or cannot exist without them [= requir e]. /nid/ 1)You don't really need a car. 2) Plants need light in order to survive. 3) The camcorder needs a new battery. 4) Are you sure that you have everything you need? 5)I need to buy monolingual dictionary. / nts / 1) He noticed a woman in a black dress sitting across from him. 2) I didn't notice any smoke. 3) Have you noticed any change in him? 4) I noticed that her hands were shaking. 5)I noticed that Marcela is pregnant. Obtain Obtained To get something that you want, especially through your own effort, skill, or work [= get]. /bten/ 1) Further information can be obtained from head office. 2) You will need to obtain permission

Notice

Noticed

If you notice something or someone, you realize that they exist, especially because you can see, hear, or feel them

from the principal. 3) The results obtained through these surveys. 4) It can be obtained from most major dealers. 5) My sister obtained good results from sight exam. Open Opened 1) To move a door, window etc so that people, things, air etc can pass through, or to be moved in this way. 2) To unfasten or remove the lid, top, or cover of a container, package etc. / pn/ 1) Jack opened the window. 2) He opened the drawer of the desk. 3) She heard a door open and then close. 4) Louise opened a bottle of wine. 5)Leonardo opened a cafeteria last Tuesday. /ps / 1) He gave me a smile as he passed. 2) I pass the sports centre on the way to work. 3) He passed along the corridor to a small room at the back of the building. 4) He passed the rope carefully around the post. 5) Can you pass me my bag? Pick Picked To choose a /pk/ 1) Students

Pass

Passed

1) To come up to a particular place, person, or object and go past them. 2) To go or travel along or through a place. 3) To put something around, through, or across something else.

person or thing, for example because they are the best or most suitable.

have to pick three courses from a list of 15. 2) I don't know which colour to pick. 3) Who's going to pick the team for the match on Saturday? 4) The hotel was picked as the best small hotel in the area. 5) I picked the best laptop.

Place

Placed

1)To put something somewhere, especially with care [= put]. 2) To put someone or something in a particular situation [= put].

/ples/

1) She poured the doctor a cup of tea and placed it on the table. 2) He carefully placed the folder back in his desk drawer. 3) The government is being placed under pressure to give financial help to farmers. 4)

This places me in a very difficult position.

5) My cousin placed his keys on the table. Point Pointed To show /pnt/ 1) I could see

something to someone by holding up one of your fingers or a thin object towards it.

him pointing at me and telling the other guests what I had said. 2) She was pointing to a small boat that was approaching the shore. 3) The driver pointed with his whip. 4) He stood up and pointed his finger at me. 5) She was pointed as a good worker.

Print

Printed

To produce words, numbers, or pictures on paper, using a machine which puts ink onto the surface.

/prnt/

1) I need to make a few changes before I print the document. 2) The company's name was printed in bold letters across the top of the page. 3) The printer's switched on but it won't print. 4) As a newspaper publisher he understood the power of the printed word. 5) I printed a beautiful picture for my class

presentation Prove Proved To show that something is true by providing facts, information etc [ proof]. /pruv/ 1)You're wrong, and I can prove it. 2) Tests have proved that the system works. 3) I knew he had done it, but there was no way I could prove it to Eddie. 4) He claims the police destroyed records that could prove the officer's guilt. 5)I have some testimonies to prove that you are lier. Provide Provided 1)To give something to someone or make it available to them, because they need it or want it [ provision]. 2) to produce something useful as a result. /prvad/ 1) Tea and biscuits will be provided. 2) The hotel provides a shoecleaning service for guests. 3) The project is designed to provide young people with work. 4) We are hoping the enquiry will provide an explanation for the accident. 5)The restaurant provides delicious food. Pull Pulled 1)To use your hands to make something or someone move towards you or in the direction that your hands are moving [ push]. 2) To use force to take something from the place where it is fixed /pl/ 1) Mom! Davey's pulling my hair! 2) He pulled her down into her seat. 3) She pulled open the door and hurried inside. 4) She has to have two teeth pulled. 5)Can you pull my shoelace?

or held Reach Reached 1) Stretch out an arm in order to touch or grasp something. 2) if someone or something reaches a particular point in their development, they get to that point /rit/ 1) I had reached the point where I was earning a good salary. 2) The kids have reached the age when they can care for themselves. 3) Prices rose steadily to reach record levels. 4) It took the jury three days to reach a verdict. 5) My father reached his academic goals. Recognize Recognized To know who someone is or what something is, because you have seen, heard, experienced, or learned about them in the past / reknaz/ 1) I didn't recognize you in your uniform. 2) It was malaria, but Dr Lee hadn't recognized the symptoms.sympto ms. 3) British medical qualifications are recognized in Canada. 4) One must recognise that homesickness is natural. 5) I recognize that learn English takes a lot of time. Reduce Reduced To make something smaller or less in size, amount, or price /rdus / ||/rdjus/ 1) The governor announced a new plan to reduce crime. 2) The helmet law

[= cut; // reduct ion].

should reduce injuries in motorcycle accidents. 3) Small businesses will need to reduce costs in order to survive. 4) The workforce has been reduced by half. 5) My weight reduces when I go to the Gym.

Refuse

Refused

To say firmly that you will not do something that someone has asked you to do

/rfjuz

1) She asked him to leave, but he refused. 2) I absolutely refuse to take part in anything illegal. 3) Mom flatly refused to go back into the hospital. 4) She refused a second piece of cake. 5) They refuse to talk with her.

Remain

Remained

To continue to be in the same state or condition

/rmen/

1) Please remain seated until all the lights are on. 2) We remained friends. 3) The boy remained silent. 4) Despite the job losses, Parker remained as manager. 5)My mother remained in bed for a month.

Remember

Remembered

To have a picture or idea in your mind of people, events, places etc from the past [ forget].

/rmembr / || /r memb(r)/

1)I can't remember her exact words. 2) I remember you two couldn't stand each other at first! 3) I remember my father bringing home a huge Christmas tree. 4) I remember meeting her at a party once. 5) My brother-inlaw remembers when I lost my wallet.

Require

Required

1)To need something

/rkwar / || /r kwa(r)/

1) Campbell's broken leg will probably require surgery. 2) What's required is a complete reorganizati on of the system. 3) Most house plants require regular watering. 4) You are required by law to wear a seat belt. 5) Schools require that students do not answer their cellphones in the classroom.

Resign

Resigned

1)To officially announce that you have decided to leave your job or an organization [ quit].

/rzan/

1) She resigned from the government last week. 2) He resigned as Governor

2) To make yourself accept something that is bad but cannot be changed [ resigned]

of Punjab in August. 3) Tom has since resigned his membership of the golf club. 4) Josh resigned himself to the long walk home. 5) Angie resigned as teacher.

Rest

Rested

To stop working or doing an activity for a time and sit down or lie down to relax.

/rest/

1) If you're tired, we'll stop and rest for a while. 2) Their bikes were resting against the wall. 3) I need to sit down and rest my legs. 4) You may rest assured that it will be ready on time. 5) My mother rests when she is tired.

Return

Returned

1)To go or come back to a place where you were before [= go back, come back]. 2)to give or send something back, or to put something back in its place [= give back, put back]

/rtrn / || /rtn/

1) It was forty five minutes before she returned. 2) Are you planning to return to Spain? 3) I have just returned from five months in Zimbabwe. 4) Alison

decided to return home. 5)Can you return me my pen? Save Saved 1) To make someone or something safe from danger, harm, or destruction [ rescue]. 2) To keep money in a bank so that you can use it later, especially when you gradually add more money over a period of time. /sev/ 1) Emergency aid could save millions threatened with starvation. 2) She was determined to save her marriage. 3) He saved the child from drowning. 4) He managed to save enough to buy a small house. 5) My friend is saving a lot of Money because he wants to travel to U.S.A. Share Shared 1)To have or use something with other people. 2)To let someone have or use something that belongs to you. /er / || /e(r)/ 1) We don't have enough books so you'll have to share. 2) The three of us shared a taxi. 3) I have an office that I share with some other teachers. 4)As a kid he'd never share his toys. 5)He shares his money with poor people. Sign Signed To write your signature on /san/ 1) Sign here,

something to show that you wrote it, agree with it, or were present.

please. 2) The artist had signed his name in the corner of the painting. 3) You forgot to sign the cheque. 4) Over a hundred people have signed the petition. 5)Enrique signed the contract.

Stay

Stayed

To remain in a place rather than leave

/ste/

1) They stayed all afternoon, chatting. 2) I decided to stay home. 3) Isabel stayed for a year in Paris to study. 4) Stay in bed and drink plenty of liquids. 5) I have stayed late to finish the verbs project.

Study

Studied

To spend time reading, going to classes etc in order to learn about a subject

/ stdi/

1) I've been studying English for 6 years. 2) I can't study with that music playing all the time. 3) Stephen is currently studying at Exeter University. 4) My brother's studying to be an accountant. 5)My niece is studying to become a Lawyer.

Summarize

Summarized

To make a short statement giving only the

/ smraz/

1)The authors summarize their views in the

main information and not the details of a plan, event, report etc [= sum up].

introduction. 2) To summarize, in most cases the schools were achieving the standards set. 3)We summarized the book. 4)They have problems to summarize these documents. 5)I summarized my health topic.

Supply

Supplied

To provide people with something that they need or want, especially regularly over a long period of time.

/spla/

1) Paint for the project was supplied by the city. 2) An informer supplied the police with the names of those involved in the crime. 3) They were arrested for supplying drugs to street dealers. 4) The lounge was well supplied with ashtrays. 5)My aunt supplied food to her friends.

Talk

Talked

To say things to someone as part of a conversation.

/tk/

1) I could hear Sarah and Andy talking in the next room. 2) English people love to talk about the weather. 3) All through the afternoon, they sat and talked about their trip. 4) She spent a long time talking to him. 5)My mother and I have been talking about my personal

problems. Taste Tasted 1) Perceive or experience the flavour of. 2) Have experience of. /test/ 1) Mmm! This tastes good! 2) The food tasted better than it looked. 3) This yoghurt tastes of strawberries. 4) It tastes just like champagne to me. 5)My mother tastes the food while she is cooking. Touch Touched come into or be in contact with. /tt/ 1) She reached out to touch his arm. 2) If your house has been burgled, you shouldn't touch anything until the police arrive. 3) 'Don't touch me!' she yelled. 4) A hand touched her on the shoulder. 5)She touches her noise with her foot. Translate Translated 1)Express the sense of (words or text) in another language. 2)If one thing translates into another, the second thing happens as a result of the first /trnslet/ 1) Translate the text from Italian into English. 2) Poetry doesn't usually translate well. 3) Dagda, an ancient Irish deity, literally translates as 'the good god'. 4) A small increase in local spending will translate into a big rise in property tax. 5)She traslated a English book. Travel Traveled 1) Make a / trvl/ 1) Someday I'd

journey. 2) Move or go. 3) To go from one place to another, or to several places, especiall y ones that are far away.

like to travel abroad. 2) We're planning to travel across America this summer. 3) He has travelled extensively in China. 4) We travelled by train across Eastern Europe. 5) My boyfriend and I are planning to go to Santa Martha next year.

Trust

Trusted

To believe that someone is honest or will not do anything bad or wrong [ distrust, mistrust]

/trst/

1) I just don't trust him. 2) Can they be trusted to look after the house? 3) I didn't trust myself not to say something rude, so I just kept quiet. 4) He was a good driver and I trusted him implicitly. 5)My mother trusts in my all the time.

Turn

Turned

To move your body so that you are looking in a different direction [ twist].

/trn / || /tn/

1) Ricky turned and walked away. 2) She turned her head in surprise. 3) Dan turned away, hiding the fear in his eyes. 4) He turned around to look at Kim.

5)They turned to see a beautiful woman. Use Used Take, hold, or deploy as a means of achieving something. /jus/ 1) I'll show you which room you can use. 2) I always use the same shampoo. 3) Use your imagination when planning meals. 4) She booked the flight using a false name. 5)Can I use the bathroom? Wait Waited Stay where one is or delay action until a particular time or occurrence. /wnt / ||/wnt/ 1) Hurry up! Everyone's waiting. 2) Would you mind waiting outside? 3) Wait for me! 4) I sat waiting patiently for the wedding to end. 5)I waited for him long time. Want Wanted Have a desire to possess or do (something); wish for. /wnt / ||/wnt/ 1) I really want a drink. 2) What do you want for your birthday? 3) You can order whatever you want. 4) This shampoo is mild enough to use every day if you want. 5)If you want to buy a car, you have to save Money. Wash Washed 1) To clean something using water and a type of /w / ||/w/ 1) It's your turn to wash the dishes. 2) This shirt needs washing.

soap.

3) Amy washed and went to bed. 4) She had a hot bath and washed her hair. 5)You have to wash your hands before you take a meal.

Watch

Watched

Look at attentively.

/wt / || /wt/

1) Do you mind if I watch? 2) We sat and watched the sunset. 3) He watched helplessly as Paula fell into the icy water. 4) Watch carefully. You may learn something. 5) They love watch the RCN news.

Weigh

Weighed

1)To have a particular weight. 2)To use a machine to discover how much something or someone weighs.

/wet

1) The young birds weigh only a few grams. 2) Do you know how much it weighs? 3) He weighed some potatoes on the scales. 4) Have you weighed yourself lately? 5) My mother weighs the meat every day.

Wish

Wished

1)Want to do something. 2)Desire something that cannot or probably will not happen.

/w/

1) I wish to make a complaint. 2) If you wish to discuss this matter further please do not hesitate to contact me.

3) You may leave now, if you wish. 4) The cook will prepare whatever you wish. 5)I wish to become a good English teacher.

Work

Worked

To do a job that you are paid for

/wrk / || /wk/

1) Where do you work? 2) Many young people in the area have never worked. 3) The injury means he'll probably never work again. 4) He works for a law firm. 5) Can I work with you?

LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS Base form Be Simple past Was/were P./participle Been Definition Used to say that someone or something is the same as the subject of the sentence Pronunciatio n /bi,/ Examples 1) My name is Susan. 2) These are my favourite pictures. 3) He's my brother. 4) Our aim was to reduce the number of accidents. 5) Where areyou

from? Beat Beat Beaten To get the most points, votes etc in a game, race, or competition [= defeat]. /bit/ 1)Brazil were beaten, 2-1. 2) Labour easily beat the Conservatives in the last election. 3) I beat him more often at pool than he beats me. 4) The woman had been beaten to death by her husband. 5)She beat her illness. Become Became Become To begin to be something, or to develop in a particular way /bkm/ 1) George became King at the age of 54. 2)Pollution from cars has become a major problem. 3) The weather became warmer. 4) Slowly my eyes became accustomed to the darkness. 5)My niece became a good secretary. Begin Began Begun To start doing something /bn/ 1)As everybody's here, let's begin. 2) In the third year students begin the study of classical Chinese. 3) The President begins talks with the Prime Minister tonight. 4) She began to feel a sense of panic. 5)I began to study at UNICA

To hit someone or something many times with your hand, a stick etc

since 2009. Bend Bent Bent To move part of your body so that it is not straight or so that you are not upright /bend/ 1)Lee bent and kissed her. 2) She bent her head. 3) Bend your knees, but keep your back straight. 4) I bent down to lift the box off the floor. 5)Carolina bent her foot when she was playing soccer. Bet Bet Bet To risk 40oney on the result of a race, game, competition, or other future event [ gamble] /bat/ 1) How much do you want to bet? 2) He bet me 10 that I wouldn't do it. 3) She bet all her money on a horse that came last. 4) I wouldn't bet against him winning the championship this year. 5)Do you want to bet with me on a soccer game? Bite Bit Bitten To use your teeth to cut, crush, or chef something /bat/ 1) The dog bit him and made his hand bleed. 2) She bit into a croissant and took a sip of coffee. 3) An adult conger eel can easily bite through a man's leg. 4) Nina pushed her fist into her mouth and bit down hard.

5)I bit a piece of cake in the party. Blow Blew blown 1) If the wind or a current of air blows, it moves. 2) To move or to move something by the force of the wind or a current of air. /bl/ 1) A cold breeze was blowing hard. 2) It was blowing from an easterly direction. 3) Outside, the weather was blowing a gale. 4) Her hair was blowing in the breeze. 5)My ticket blew away. Break Broke Broken If you break something, you make it separate into two or more pieces, for example by hitting it, dropping it, or bending it /brek/ 1) I had to break a window to get into the house. 2) Don't lean on the fence like that - you'll break it! 3) He broke the biscuit in half and handed one piece to me. 4) He kept pulling at the rope until it broke. 5)Luisa fell in her room and broke her hand. Bring Brought Brought To take something or someone with you to the place where you are now, or to the place you are talking about [ take] /br/ 1) Did you bring an umbrella? 2) It was the first time Joey had ever brought a girl home. 3) They brought news of further fighting along the border. 4) Is it OK if I bring some friends to the party?

5)Can you bring me my book? Build Built Built To make something, especially a building or something large /bld/ 1) The purpose is to build new houses for local people. 2) The road took many years to build. 3) They needed $3m to build the bridge. 4) It is the female birds that build the nests. 5)My family and I built our house last year. Burst Burst Burst 1)If something bursts or if you burst it, it breaks open or apart suddenly and violently so that its contents come out. 2)To move somewhere suddenly or quickly, especially into or out of a place /brst / || /bst/ 1) The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water. 2) John was bursting with ideas and good humour. 3) The shops are bursting with food. 4) Your mum's bursting with pride for you. 5)Andrea Burst into the classroom Buy Bought Bought To get something by paying money for it [ sell] /ba/ 1) Where did you buy that dress? 2) Ricky showed her the painting he'd bought that morning. 3) Let me buy you a drink. 4) The money will be used to buy equipment for the school.

5)I bought a beutiful car. Catch Caught Caught To get hold of and stop an object such as a ball that is moving through the air [ throw]. To get an infectious disease /kt/ 1) Stephen leapt up and caught the ball in one hand. 2) 'Pass me that pen, would you?' 'Here you are. Catch!' 3) The kids were throwing and catching a frisbee down on the beach. 4) He caught her elbow to steady her. 5)She caught diabetes, and nearly died. Choose Chose Chosen To decide which one of a number of things or people you want [ choice] /tuz/ 1) It took us ages to choose a new carpet. 2) A panel of judges will choose the winner. 3) He chose his words carefully as he spoke. 4) I don't mind which one we have - you choose. 5) I chose a beautiful blouse. Come Came Come To move towards you or arrive at the place where you are [ go] /km/ 1) Let me know when they come. 2) Can you come here for a minute? 3) Come a bit closer and you'll be able to see better. 4) I could see a figure coming towards me.

5)She is coming to the office. Cost Cost Cost To have a particular price. /kst / ||/kst/ 1) A full day's activities will cost you 45. 2) His proposals could cost the taxpayer around 8 billion a year. 3) How much would it cost us to replace? 4) It won't cost you a penny for the first six months. 5)That car costs a lot of money. Cut Cut Cut To reduce the amount of something. /kt/ 1) They're introducing CCTV cameras in an attempt to cut street crime in the area. 2) You need to cut the amount of fat and sugar in your diet. 3) 700 jobs will be lost in order to cut costs and boost profits. 4) The welfare budget has been cut by $56 billion. 5)You have to cut the meat in small portions. Deal Dealt Dealt 1)To give playing cards to each of the players in a game. 2) To buy and sell illegal drugs. 3)To cause harm to someone or /dil/ 1) Whose turn is it to deal? 2) Many users end up dealing to support their habit. 3) The sanctions have dealt a severe blow to the local tourism

something used in news reports

industry. 4) This will deal a blow to consumer confidence. 5)She began dealing out the cards.

Dig

Dug

Dug

To move earth, snow etc, or to make a hole in the ground, using a spade or your hands

/d/

1) They dig a small hole in the sand to bury their eggs. 2) Dig down about 6 inches. 3) Birds digging for works. 4) Freshly dug carrots. 5)Daniela was digging to find a treasure.

Do

Did

Done

To perform an action or activity.

/du/

1) Have you done your homework yet? 2) You need to do more exercise. 3) It's a pleasure doing business with you. 4) I didn't know what to do. 5)Did you do the homework?

Draw

Drew

Drawn

To produce a picture of something using a pencil, pen etc

/dr/

1) Katie had drawn a cottage with a little stream running next to it. 2) She asked the little girl to draw a picture of the man she'd spoken to. 3) Keith was drawing a complicatedlooking graph.

4) I've never been able to draw very well. 5)Piccaso draws beautiful pictures. Drink Drank Drunk To take liquid into your mouth and swallow it /drk/ 1) You should drink plenty of water. 2) What would you like to drink? 3) Take a seat while I get you something to drink. 4) She filled the glass and drank. 5)They drink some water every day. Drive Drove Driven To make a car, truck, bus etc move along /drav/ 1) I am planning to drive to Morocco next year. 2) The man driving the car 3) Can you drive? 4) So when did you learn to drive? 5)I did not learn to drive a car.It is difficult for me. Eat Ate Eaten To put food in your mouth and 46hef and swallow it /it/ 1) Felix chatted cheerfully as he ate. 2) A small girl was eating an ice cream. 3) We had plenty to eat and drink. 4) It's important to eat healthily when you are pregnant. 5)My cousin eats

vegetables.

Fall

Fell

Fallen

To move or drop down from a higher position to a lower position

/fl/

1) The tree was about to fall. 2) The book fell from his hands. 3) Enough rain had fallen to flood the grounds. 4) Rob fell down the stairs. 5)My pet fell down on the floor. It was on my bed.

Feed

Fed

Fed

To give food to a person or animal.

/fid/

1) Have you fed the cat? 2) She was too weak to feed herself. 3) Several children were feeding bread to the ducks. 4) They were fed well on her mother's home cooking. 5)She feeds incorrectly, because she eats a lot candies per day.

Feel

Felt

Felt

To experience a particular physical feeling or emotion

/fil/

1) Do you still feel hungry? 2) You can never tell what he's feeling. 3) Stop exercising if you feel any pain. 4) I'm feeling a little better today. 5)I feel nervous when I watch

horror movies. Fight Fought Fought 1) To take part in a war or battle 2)If someone fights another person, or if two people fight, they hit and kick the other person in order to hurt them. /fat/ 1) The families of those who fought in the war 2) Rebel forces fighting against the Russians 3) They fought for control of the islands. 4) Two guys were fighting with each other in the street. 5)My brother fought with a thief last night. The thief stole his money. Find Found Found To discover, see, or get something that you have been searching for. /fand/ 1) I can't find the car keys. 2) Hold on while I find a pen. 3) Her body was later found hidden in the bushes. 4) I have to find somewhere else to live. 5) Can you help me to find my I.D card? Fit Fit Fit 1)If a piece of clothing fits you, it is the right size for your body /ft/ 1) His clothes did not fit him very well. 2) The uniform fitted her perfectly. 3) The jacket's fine, but the trousers don't fit. 4) Some of the patients we see do not fit neatly into any of the existing categories.

2)To be part of a group or system.

5)Her blouse is beautiful, but It is not fit her very well. Fly Flew Flown 1)To travel by plane 2) To move somewhere quickly and suddenly /fla/ 1) She's flying back to the States tomorrow. 2) Will you take the train there or fly? 3) Lewis stopped off in Jamaica before flying on to Toronto. 4) Ellen flew across the room and greeted her uncle with a kiss. 5)Birds fly with their wings.

Forbid

Forbade

Forbidden

To tell someone that they are not allowed to do something, or that something is not allowed [ permit].

/frbd / || /f bd/

1) He was forbidden to leave the house, as a punishment. 2) Women are forbidden from going out without a veil. 3) The law strictly forbids racial or sexual discrimination. 4) Lack of space forbids listing the names of all those who contributed. 5)She forbade to her daughter to talk with them.

Forget

Forgot

Forgotten

To not remember facts, information, or people or things from the past

/fret / || /f et/

1)I'm sorry, I've forgotten your name. 2)I know you told me, but I forgot. 3)What happened that day will never be

forgotten. 4)Karl says he forgot about our date. 5)I forgot your money. Im sorry! Forgive Forgave Forgiven To stop being angry with someone and stop blaming them, although they have done something wrong. /frv / || /f v/ 1) I've tried to forgive him for what he said. 2) He never forgave her for walking out on him. 3) If anything happened to the kids I'd never forgive myself. 4) I'm really sorry.' 'It's okay, you're forgiven.' 5)I forgave my boyfriend because he said to me a lie last weekend. Freeze Froze Frozen 1)If a liquid or something wet freezes or is frozen, it becomes hard and solid because the temperature is very cold [ melt, thaw]. 2) To preserve food for a long time by keeping it at a very low temperature, or to be preserved in this way Get Got Gotten/got To receive something that someone gives you or sends you. /et/ /friz/ 1) The lake had frozen overnight. 2) I think I'll freeze that extra meat. 3) Tomatoes don't freeze well. 4) The water pipes have frozen. 5)I will freeze an ice cream.

1)She got loads of presents. 2)What did you get for Christmas?

3) We get a lot of junk mail. 4) We got a letter from Pam this morning. 5)I got the best results on the exam. Give Gave Given 51ol et someone have something as a present, or to provide something for someone /v/ 1) What did Bob give you for your birthday? 2) Researchers were given a 10,000 grant to continue their work. 3) I've got some old diaries that my grandmother gave me years ago. 4) A ring which was given to him by his mother. 5)Can you give some water? Go Went Gone Move from one place to another; travel. // 1) There's nothing more we can do here. Let's go home. 2) Have you ever been to (=have you ever travelled to) Japan? 3) I have been to (=have travelled to) Germany several times. 4) Where are you going? 5)I went to Valledupar last January. Grow Grew Grown 1)(of a living thing) undergo natural development by increasing in size and /gr/ 1)Support for Mr Thompson is growing. 2) Sales of new cars grew by

changing physically.

10% last year. 3) The number of students at the college has grown from 200 to over 500. 4) A growing number of people are taking part-time jobs. 5) If you grow a seed, you will get good fruits.

Hang

Hung

Hung

1) Suspend or be suspended from above with the lower part not attached.

/ha/

1) Philip hung his coat on a hook behind the door. 2) She hung the sheets on the washing line. 3) An oldfashioned gas lamp hung from the ceiling. 4) Her long hair hung loose about her shoulders. 5)My mother hangs her clothes in the closet.

Have

Had

Had

1)(also have got) possess, own, or hold.

/hv/

1) She has dark hair and brown eyes. 2) Sullivan's music does have a certain charm. 3) You need to have a lot of patience to be a teacher. 4) Wild rice has a very nutty flavour. 5)Do you have a best friend?

Hear

Heard

Heard

1) Perceive (a sound) with the ear.

/h/

1) Blanche heard a crash as the back door was

2)Be 53oldo r informed of.

flung open. 2) Did anyone see or hear anything last night? 3) Old Zeke doesn't hear too well any more. 4) Jenny could hear them arguing outside. 5)I heard my familys conversation.

Hide

Hid

Hidden

To deliberately put or keep something or someone in a place where they cannot easily be seen or found

/had/

1) Marcia hid the pictures in her desk drawer. 2) She keeps a bottle of gin hidden behind a stack of books. 3) He was accused of trying to hide evidence from the police. 4) The church roof was half hidden by trees. 5)He is hidding his bag under his bed.

Hold

Held

Held

To have something in your hand, hands, or arms

/hld/

1) Could you hold my bag for me? 2) He was holding a knife in one hand. 3) I held the baby in my arms. 4) They sat holding hands under a tree. 5)He is holding his baby.

Hurt

Hurt

Hurt

To injure yourself or someone else

/hrt / || /ht/

1) Was anyone hurt in the accident?

2) Put that thing down - you might hurt someone with it. 3) He hurt his knee playing football. 4) Be careful you don't fall and hurt yourself. 5)Susan hurt his back in the accident. Keep Kept Kept To stay in a particular state, condition, or position, or to make someone or something do this /kip/ 1) We huddled around the fire to keep warm. 2) I was struggling to keep awake. 3) Keep your room tidy. 4) Some toys to keep the kids amused 5)Memory keeps a lot of information. Know Knew Known To have information about something /n/ 1) Who knows the answer? 2) There are instructions telling you everything you need to know. 3) Didn't you know that? 4) Do you know what time it is? 5)I need to know about my father s project. Lay Laid Laid Put down, especially gently or carefully. /le/ 1)She can not accept she made a mistake and now she is trying to lay the blame on her assistant. 2)Two companies have

laid claim to the desing. 3)She can not just come into this office and start laying down the law. 4)She won not get the job- Id lay money on it! 5)My mother laid me with a blanket when i was sleeping. Lead Led Led cause (a person or animal) to go with one by drawing them along. /lid/ 1) A nurse took her arm and led her to a chair. 2) The horses were led to safety. 3) She was led away from the courtroom in tears. 4) The manager led the way through the office. 5) What led him to kill his wife? Leave Left Left To go away from a place or a person. /liv/ 1) My baby gets upset when I leave the room. 2) Before leaving the train, make sure you have all your belongings with you. 3) Leave the motorway at Junction 7. 4) The plane leaves at 12.30. 5) I left family since 2001 Lend Lent Lent To let someone borrow money or something /lend/ 1) I lent my CD player to Dave and I haven't got it back yet.

that belongs to you for a short time [ borrow]

2) The hospital agreed to lend us a wheelchair. 3) Can you lend me 10 until tomorrow? 4) The government is trying to encourage the banks to lend more. 5) He lent me a laptop.

Let

Let

Let

To allow someone to do something [ permit]

/let/

1) I can't come out tonight - my dad won't let me. 2) Let Johnny have a go on the computer now. 3) Some people seem to let their kids do whatever they like. 4) Let me have a look at that letter. 5)Let my check thsi program.

Lie

Lay

Lain

To be in a position in which your body is flat on the floor, on a bed etc

/la/

1) He was lying on the bed smoking a cigarette. 2) Don't lie in the sun for too long. 3) For a few minutes he just lay there. 4) She would lie awake worrying. 5)Lulu lies on the floor.

Light

Lit

Lit

To start to burn, or to make something start to burn.

/lat/

1) He stopped to light a cigarette. 2) I lit the fire and poured a drink.

3) I couldn't get the candles to light. 4) The room was lit by one large, central light. 5) She lit my bedroom with a candle. Lose Lost Lost To stop having a particular attitude, quality, ability etc, or to gradually have less of it [ loss] /luz/ 1) I've lost my appetite. 2) The business community has lost confidence in the government. 3) Carol lost interest in ballet in her teens. 4) Try not to lose heart (=become sad and hopeless) - there are plenty of other jobs. 5)I lost my keys last Friday.

to produce something, for example by putting the different parts of it together

MAKE /mek/

I'm going to show you how to make a box for your tools. A family of mice had made their nest in the roof. She made her own wedding dress. The company has been making quality furniture for over 200 years. I make money when I work.
MEAN /min/to

have or represent a particular meaning

What does 'patronizing' mean? The red light means 'Stop'. The report fails to define what is meant by the term 'key issues'.

The report fails to define what is meant by the term 'key issues'. What does nausea mean? to go to a place where someone will be at a particular time, according to an arrangement, so that you can talk or do something together.
MEET /mit/

Meet me at 8.00. Why don't we meet for lunch on Friday? We arranged to meet outside the theatre. You'll never guess who I met in town. I met a handsome man yerstaday
PAY /pe/to

give someone money for something you buy or for a

service How would you like to pay? Mum paid for my driving lessons. You'd get a discount for paying cash. Can I pay by credit card? Can you pay me the money?
PUT /pt/to

move something to a particular place or position, especially using your hands [= place]: He put the coffee on the table. Where did you put the programmes? Don't put yourself into a situation you can't handle. The long delay had put us all in a bad mood. They put the milk on my desk. Read /rid/to look at written words and understand what they mean Can't read your writing. She picked up the letter and read it. Read the instructions carefully before you start. Children who are just learning to read and write I read Cancion de navidad last semester. to sit on an animal, especially a horse, and make it move along. To travel on a bicycle or MOTORBIKE She learned to ride when she was seven. He was riding a large grey mare. ride on She arrived riding on a white horse. ride away/across/through etc He rode away across the marshes. He leart to ride a bicycle since 1985
Ride /rad/

Ring /r/to

make a bell make a sound, especially to call someone's attention to you or to call someone to help you. I rang the doorbell but no one came. ring for The sign said, 'Ring for service'. Instead of ringing for the maid, she made the tea herself. b) [intransitive] if a bell rings, it makes a noise: The bell rang for the end of break. My mother going to ring me but she does not have my number.
Rise /raz/to

increase in number, amount, or value [= go up; fall] Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period. rise from/to The research budget rose from 175,000 in 1999 to 22.5 million in 2001. rise above Temperatures rarely rise above freezing. rise dramatically/sharply/rapidly/steeply etc The number of people seeking asylum in Britain has risen sharply. I rose my grades last semester. Run /rn/ to move very quickly, by moving your legs more quickly than when you walk I ran down the stairs as fast as I could. He was running towards the door. She turned and ran away. The boys ran off into the crowd. He runs in the park every day
say 1 /se/to

express an idea, feeling, thought etc using words:

'I'm so tired,' she said. 'Don't cry,' he said softly. Don't believe anything he says. A spokesman said that the company had improved its safety standards. He said to me that he is sad.
see 1 /si/

to notice or examine someone or something, using your eyes: The moment we saw the house, we knew we wanted to buy it. He crouched down so he couldn't be seen. Can I see your ticket, please? I saw the offer advertised in the newspaper. I saw my best friend last night.
seek /sik/to

try to achieve or get something: Do you think the President will seek re-election? seek refuge/asylum/shelter etc Thousands of people crossed the border, seeking refuge from the war. seek revenge/damages/compensation etc He sought revenge against Surkov for separating him from his wife and son. seek to do something Local schools are seeking to reduce the dropout rate.

sell /sel/

to give something to someone in exchange for money [ buy]:

If you offer him another hundred, I think he'll sell. He regrets selling all his old records. sell something for 100/$50/30p etc Toni's selling her car for 700. sell somebody something I won't sell you my shares! I sold a lot of candies yesterday.
send /send/

to arrange for something to go or be taken to another place, especially

by post: Lyn sent some pictures from the wedding. send somebody something We sent Mom flowers for Mother's Day. We sent her a letter of apology. send something to somebody/something I'll send a copy to you. My mother sent me a wonderful gift.
set 1 /set/

to carefully put something down somewhere

set something (down) on something She set the tray down on a table next to his bed. Mark filled the pan and set it on the stove. set something down/aside The workmen set the box down carefully on the floor. Remove the mushrooms and set them aside. This project should be set in an national context. to use a needle and thread to make or repair clothes or to fasten something such as a button to them:
sew /s/

I learned to sew at school. sew something on something Can you sew a patch on my jeans? sew something together She sewed the two sides together.
sew something up
phrasal verb

1 to close or repair something by sewing it: Could you sew up this hole in my trousers? I did not learn to sew at school. to move suddenly from side to side or up and down, usually with a lot of force, or to make something or someone do this:
shake 1 /ek/

She shook him to wake him up. Shake the bottle before you open it. The whole house started to shake. The car shook as it went over a bump. My sister shook me when I was sleeping.
shine 1 /an/

to produce bright light

The sun was shining. The moon shone brightly in the sky. shine in/on That lamp's shining in my eyes. 2 [transitive] if you shine a light somewhere, you point it in that direction shine something on/at/around etc something Shine that torch over here, will you? 3 [intransitive] to look bright and smooth: Marion polished the table until it shone. Her eyes are shining.
shoot 1 /ut/

to deliberately kill or injure someone using a gun:

Police shot one suspect when he pulled a gun on them. Smith killed his wife, and then shot himself. A woman was shot dead in an attempted robbery. shoot somebody in the leg/head etc He had been shot in the back while trying to escape.
The thief shot a guy.
show 1 /e/

to let someone see something show somebody something The children proudly showed me their presents. show something to somebody Show your ticket to the woman at the entrance. The man grinned, showing bad teeth. 2[transitive] to provide facts or information that make it clear that something is true, that something exists, or that something has happened: Figures showed a 9% rise in inflation. He showed his video. to become smaller, or to make something smaller, through the effects of heat or water:
shrink 1 /rk/

I'm worried about washing that shirt in case it shrinks. PRE-SHRUNK, SHRUNKEN 2 [intransitive and transitive] to become or to make something smaller in amount, size, or value [ grow]: The city continued to shrink. shrink to The firm's staff had shrunk to only four people. Treatment can shrink a tumour. My socks are shrink.
shut 1 /t/

to close something, or to become closed:

Shut the window, Ellen! I heard his bedroom door shut. She lay down on her bed and shut her eyes. shut (something) behind somebody She walked quickly in and shut the door behind her. He shut the drawer and turned the key.

My sister lost her job when chut the restaurant.

sing /s/

to produce a musical sound with your voice:

She can sing beautifully. Most children enjoy singing. We had a great time singing some of the old songs. sing to My mother used to sing to me when I was young. He songs Vallenato music.
sink 1 /sk/

to go down below the surface of water, mud etc [ float]:

Their motorboat struck a rock and began to sink. The kids watched as the coin sank to the bottom of the pool. The heavy guns sank up to their barrels in the mud. 2 [transitive] to damage a ship so badly that it sinks: A luxury yacht was sunk in a bomb attack yesterday. My boyfriend sank up in the river.

to be on a chair or seat, or on the ground, with the top half of your body upright and your weight resting on your BUTTOCKs
sit /st/

sit on/in/by etc I sat on the shore and looked at the sea. She was sitting in a chair by the fire. She's the girl who sits next to me at school. In the driving seat sat a man of average height. She is sitting on my bed. to rest your mind and body, usually at night when you are lying in bed with your eyes closed [ asleep, oversleep]. I usually sleep on my back. Did you sleep well? Dee was tired out but couldn't sleep. We both slept badly that night. I usually sleep late on Sundays.
sleep 1 /slip/ speak /spik/

to talk to someone about something

speak to I spoke to her last Wednesday. 'Hello, may I speak to Jim Smith?' 'Yes, speaking' (=used on the telephone). I know her by sight, but not to speak to (=not well enough to talk to her). speak to somebody about something I haven't spoken to Steve about all this.
He speaks all the time.

spend /spend/

to use your money to pay for goods or services:

I can't afford to spend any more money this week. spend 5/$10 etc I only want to spend about $20.

spend something on something More money should be spent on education. spend something on somebody Mum never spends any money on herself. I spent a lot money to buy a car. if a group of people splits, or if it is split, people in the group disagree strongly with each other and the group sometimes divides into separate smaller groups:
split 1 /splt/

It was feared that the issue would split the church. be split on/over something The party is split over the issue of immigration. The government appears deeply split on this issue. split from The Pan-Africanist Congress split from the ANC in 1959. The cake was split in 10 portions. if something spreads or is spread, it becomes larger or moves so that it affects more people or a larger area.
spread 1 /spred/

spread through Fire quickly spread through the building. spread over He watched the dark stain spread over the gray carpet. The disease spread rapidly amongst the poor. spread (from something) to something The cancer had spread to her liver.

spring 1 /spr/

to move suddenly and quickly in a particular direction, especially by jumping [= leap].

spring out of/from Tom sprung out of bed and ran downstairs. spring out at somebody Two men sprang out at me as I was walking through the park. He sprang to his feet (=stood up suddenly) and rushed after her. spring to somebody's aid/assistance (=move quickly to help someone) One of the young policemen sprang to her assistance. My niece sprang on my bed.
stand 1 /stnd/

to support yourself on your feet or be in an upright position:

It looks like we'll have to stand - there are no seats left. She stood in the doorway. Stand still (=do not move) and listen to me. Don't just stand there (=stand and not do anything) - help me! Please stand up.
steal /stil/

to take something that belongs to someone else:

Boys broke into a shop and stole 45 in cash. steal from He stole money from his parents.

steal something from somebody He'd stolen the flowers from our garden. He stole my book. to attach something to something else using a substance, or to become attached to a surface.
stick 1 /stk/

stick something on/to/in etc something Someone had stuck posters all over the walls. stick to/together I could feel my shirt sticking to my back. The oil keeps the pasta from sticking together. This stamp won't stick properly. Sofia stuck her legs in the air. if an insect or a plant stings you, it makes a very small hole in your skin and you feel a sharp pain because of a poisonous substance:
sting 1 /st/

He was stung by a bee. ! A bee, wasp, scorpion, or plant can sting you. For a mosquito, ant, or snake, use bite. 2 [intransitive and transitive] to make something hurt with a sudden sharp pain, or to hurt like this: Antiseptic stings a little. Chopping onions makes my eyes sting. My mother was stung by an insect.
strike 1 /strak/

to hit or fall against the surface of something:

She fell heavily, striking her head against the side of the boat. A snowball struck him on the back of the head. Several cars were struck by falling trees. The last rays of the setting sun struck the garden windows. The ball struck her head.
swear /swer / || /swe(r)/

to use rude and offensive language: Don't swear in front of the children. swear at He turned round and swore at me. 2[transitive] to promise that you will do something swear (that) Victor swore he would get his revenge. swear to do something Mona swore never to return home. Do you swear on your honour (=promise very strongly) that you will never tell anyone? I never swear.

to clean the dust, dirt etc from the floor or ground, using a brush with a long handle [= brush]:
sweep 1 /swip/

Bert swept the path in front of the house. sweep something off/out/up etc Will you sweep the leaves off the patio?

2[transitive always + adverb/preposition] to move things from a surface with a brushing movement: I swept the papers quickly into the drawer. 3 [transitive always + adverb/preposition] to force someone or something to move in a particular direction: The windsurfer was swept out to sea. My mother sweeps the house every day.
swing 1 /sw/

to make regular movements forwards and backwards or from one side to another while hanging from a particular point, or to make something do this: Let your arms swing as you walk. A sign swinging in the wind He was swinging his bag back and forth. She swung her legs from side to side. Karla is swinging in the swing. used with a noun instead of using a verb to describe an action. For example, if you take a walk, you walk somewhere:
take 1 /tek/

Would you like to take a look? Mike's just taking a shower. Sara took a deep breath. Please take a seat (=sit down). Please take a piece of cake. to give lessons in a school, college, or university, or to help someone learn about something by giving them information [ learn]
teach /tit/

teach at Neil teaches at the Guildhall School of Music in London. teach (somebody) English/mathematics/history etc He taught geography at the local secondary school. teach somebody (something) about something We were never taught anything about other religions. teach something to somebody I'm teaching English to Italian students. They teach us English . to damage something such as paper or cloth by pulling it hard or letting it touch something sharp [= rip]:
tear 2 /ter / ||/te(r)/

Be careful not to tear the paper. His clothes were old and torn. tear something on something She realized she had torn her jacket on a nail. tear something off Tear off the slip at the bottom of this page and send it back to us. He tore my book. if someone tells you something, they communicate information, a story, their feelings etc to you
tell /tel/ (past & past p told)

tell somebody (that) I wish someone had told me the meeting was canceled. The Chief of Police told reporters that two people were killed in the blast.

tell somebody what/how/where/who etc Jack had to go, but he didn't tell me why. I think you'd better tell me exactly what's been going on around here. They told me the truth.
think 1 /k/ (past & past p thought)

to have a particular opinion or to believe that something is true think (that) I think that you're being unfair. I thought I heard something. He didn't think anyone would believe him. Do you think I should call him? What do you thing about this topic?
throw 1 /r/ (past threw; past p thrown) to

make an object such as a ball move quickly through the air by pushing your hand forward quickly and letting the object go throw something to somebody He threw his shirt to someone in the crowd. throw something at somebody/something Someone threw a stone at the car. a crowd of boys throwing snowballs at each other throw somebody something Throw me that towel, would you. My brother threw himself down onto the bed.
understand / ndrstnd / || / ndstnd/ (past & past p -stood)

to know the meaning of what someone is telling you, or the language that they speak [ misunderstood]: She doesn't understand English. I'm sorry, I don't understand. Can you explain that again? The woman had a strong accent, and I couldn't understand what she was saying. make yourself understood (=make what you say clear to other people, especially when speaking a foreign language) I'm not very good at German, but I can make myself understood. I do not understand this topic.
wake 1 /wek/

to stop sleeping, or to make someone stop sleeping:

When she woke, the sun was streaming through the windows. Try not to wake the baby. wake to Nancy woke to the sound of birds outside her window (=she heard birds singing when she woke).
wake up
phrasal verb

1 to stop sleeping, or to make someone stop sleeping: James usually wakes up early. I wake up at 5:00 am
wear 2 (past wore; past p worn) to

have something such as clothes, shoes, or jewellery on

your body: Susanna was wearing a black silk dress.

He wore glasses for reading. wear a seat belt (=have it around yourself) wear black/white/red etc Usually I wear black, grey, or brown. wear something to a party/a dance/an interview etc I'm wearing a scarlet dress to the party. I wore a beautiful dress last Friday.
win 1 /wn/

to be the best or most successful in a competition, game, election etc [ lose] win a race/a game/an election etc Who do you think will win the next election? He won the Tour de France last year. win a war/battle the young pilots who won the Battle of Britain Who's winning (=who is most successful at this point in the game)?
He won a blue car last month.
write /rat/ (past wrote; past p written)