FABRICATIONS: 6 Misquoting Jesus: Bart D. Ehrman. April 25, 2007. Stanford. textual critic.

"Misquoting Jesus: Scribes Who Altered Scripture and Readers Who May Never Know," a textual criticism of Biblical manuscript tampering by Bart Ehrman, Professor or Religious Studies of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Video lecture in 10 parts: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cK3Ry_icJo QUESTION FROM THE AUDIENCE: i've been reading Bible for last 5 years, especially NT. Jesus said I've come not to change Torah but to fulfill it. the only way to go to heaven is to follow Torah more than rabbis. Torah: no mention of son, father, and holy ghost. why didn't prophets of OT mention? MATTHEW 5:17 is distinctive to Matthew, emphasizes that Jesus' followers need to follow the Torah. Apostle Paul says the opposite. he says that a person can't be right with God by following the Torah (fabrication), but in Matthew Jesus says that his followers have to follow the Torah. Question about the fact that the Torah doesn't mention father, son, and holy spirit has been a problem of theologians for centuries. they had to deal with that when they were developing the doctrine of the Trinity. they came up with solutions to that which by modern standards would be seen as creative (fabrication). (Bart Ehrman) MATTHEW 24:36, end of time. "not even the son knows the hour". phrase taken out in later manuscripts. MARK 1, jesus heals leper. jesus felt compassion for the man. other manuscripts say that Jesus got angry healed the man. (fabrication?) 2nd major change. Mark. favorite gospel. subtle and understated, says things you dont expect. women go to tomb which is empty. man tells women jesus is gone, will meet you in Galilee. women fled and said nothing out of fear. end of gospel of Mark. #1

scribes added 12 verses to MARK 16:8. (fabrication) footnotes will tell you they are added by later scribes. not in earliest and best manuscript, different writing styles. jesus says "make disciples of all nations deadly snakes and drinking poison." (Bart Ehrman) QUESTION FROM THE AUDIENCE: relationship between the changes in the manuscripts and decisions of canon? that issue didn't come up. choice of canon due to changes. if woman taken in adultery isn't in oldest manuscripts, but is in most of manuscripts from middle ages, is it part of the Bible or not? last 12 verses of MARK? not a question for a historian, but a theologian. Ehrman is surprised that theologians show no interest or knowledge in textual criticism at all, most of them. (Bart Ehrman) LUKE: Jesus is not silent. daughters of Jerusalem, don't weep for me weep for yourselves. father forgive them, for they don't know what they're doing. two robbers, one criticizes, one has faith. today you will be with me in paradise. father, into your hands i commend my spirit. prayer of forgiveness to the jews, not the romans in interpretations of early christian interpretors. this prayer is omitted in some early manuscripts (fabrication?). scribes didn't think God forgave Jews. Jews are guilty of Killing Christ. destruction of Jerusalem in 70ad was punishment to Jews for rejecting messiah. in 2 and 3rd century, Christians said Jesus was God and Jews were guilty of deicide. #2 JOHN 3:3, a person must be born "onothen" to enter the kingdom of heaven. it can mean from above or a second time, depending on the context. Nicodemus thinks it means born again. the double entendre only comes in the Greek, not the Aramaic. not Hebrew either. Jesus probably read Hebrew but spoke Aramaic, the language in Palestine at his time. (FABRICATION) #3 JOHN 3:16 For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life. (begotten is fabricated. according to RSV) evangelical scholars got upset: THIS ISN'T NEWS, WE'VE KNOWN ABOUT THIS

FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS. SCHOLARS HAVE KNOWN ABOUT THIS SINCE JOHN MILL IN 1707, BUT NOBODY'S BOTHERED TO TELL A GENERAL AUDIENCE. THE REASON IS OBVIOUS: BECAUSE IT'S HARD. WE'RE TALKING ABOUT GREEK MANUSCRIPTS TO PEOPLE WHO DON'T READ GREEK. (Bart Ehrman) #4 John 8:1-11 - "Woman caught in Adultery" jesus and woman adultery. (this passage is only found in JOHN ch. 7 and 8.) the law of Moses says stone her. FABRICATION. added to john by later scribes, not in any of early or best mscrpts. Greek commentators don't mention story until 10th century. writing style is different. scholars have known for years that it doesnt belong in john. maybe written in the margins by a scribe, picked up and added to text into KJV in 1611. not originally in NT. significant change in NT. (Bart Ehrman) #5 John 20:25 - "doubting Thomas" FABRICATION: "DOUBTING THOMAS" #6 1 JOHN 5:6-8 This is he that came by water and blood, even Jesus Christ; not by water only, but by water and blood. And it is the Spirit that beareth witness, because the Spirit is truth. For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. And there are three that bear witness in earth, the spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these three agree in one. (Verses 7-8 are fabrications according to Bart D. Ehrman and RSV) scribes changed passages to emphasize jesus was divine. others changed to emphasize that he was human. wanted to emphasize both. DOCTRINE OF THE TRINITY IS NOT EXPLICITLY TAUGHT IN ANY PASSAGE OF THE BIBLE. THE IDEA THAT THERE ARE THREE GODS (OOPS) THE DOCTRINE THAT THERE'S ONE GOD MANIFEST IN THREE PERSONS. THESE THREE PERSONS ARE EACH INDIVIDUALLY COMPLETELY GOD, BUT THERE'S ONLY ONE GOD. NOT THREE GODS, BUT ONE GOD. BUT NOT ONE PERSON, THREE PERSONS. THIS IS NOT

TAUGHT IN ANY PASSAGE OF BIBLE EXCEPT 1 JOHN 5:7-8. THREE WITNESSES IN HEAVEN, THE FATHER, THE SON, AND THE HOLY SPIRIT, AND THESES THREE ARE ONE. THIS IS NOT IN THE GREEK MANUSCRIPTS OF 1 JOHN, IT'S IN THE LATIN MANUSCRIPTS OF 1 JOHN. FABRICATION. THE FIRST SCHOLAR TO PUT TOGETHER A PRINTED GREEK NT WAS THE HUMANIST NAMED ERASMUS IN 1516. FIRST TIME A PRINTED EDITION OF GREEK NT. DIDN'T INCLUDE THE VERSE. LATIN THEOLOGIANS GOT MAD. HE SAID IT'S NOT IN GREEK MANUSCRIPT, IF YOU CAN PRODUCE ONE, I'LL INCLUDE IT IN MY NEXT EDITION. THE LATIN THEOLOGIANS "PRODUCED" (FABRICATED) A GREEK MANUSCRIPT. THEY TRANSLATED THE LATIN BACK INTO GREEK. THAT EDITION WAS USED TO CONVERT THE KJV INTO ENGLISH. (Bart Ehrman)

flat-out contradictions. what day did Jesus die on? Mark 14:12. passover meal with disciples. after meal Jesus is arrested spends the night in jail, Pilate kills him the morning after passover meal is eaten. John: has meal (not called passover) and is crucified just after noon on the day of Preparation of the Passover (the day before passover). Recommended reading: "Misquoting Jesus: The Story Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why" a textual criticism of Biblical manuscript tampering by Bart D. Ehrman, Professor or Religious Studies of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Bart D. Ehrman is the author of more than twenty books, including the New York Times bestselling Misquoting Jesus and God's Problem. Ehrman is the James A. Gray Distinguished Professor of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and is a leading authority on the Bible and the life of Jesus. He has been featured in Time and has appeared on Dateline NBC, The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, CNN, the History Channel, major NPR shows, and other top media outlets. He lives in Durham, N.C. "Who Wrote the Bible?" Richard Elliot Friedman. Richard Elliott Friedman is professor

of Hebrew and Comparative Literature and holds the Katzin Chair at the University of California, San Diego. One of the premier biblical scholars in the country, he received his doctorate at Harvard and was a visiting fellow at Oxford and Cambridge. Author of The Hidden Face of God, The Hidden Book in the Bible, Commentary on the Torah, The Exile and Biblical Narrative, and the bestselling Who Wrote the Bible?, Friedman is also the president of the Biblical Colloquium West. A consultant to universities, journals, encyclopedias, and publishers, he is also the editor of four books on biblical studies and has authored over fifty articles, reviews, and notes in scholarly and popular publications.

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"WHY ARE WE MUSLIMS AND NOT CHRISTIANS?" BY DR. LAURENCE BROWN http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GAuXTTyW5f4 9:11 biblical scholar Medscar one of the greatest textual critics, Bart D. Ehrman in misquoting Jesus say there are thousands of places in which NT manuscripts were changed by scribes, ENTIRE BOOKS were forged such as Ephesians Colossians 2 Thessalosians 1 and 2 Timothy Titus 1 and 2 Peter and Jude. (9 of 27 books) interpreters dictionary of the bible, J. Enoch Powell on the Book of Matthew passages IN John the Baptist have been inserted and all long passages could be artificially introduced, oldest manuscripts are over 300 years older than the time of the mission of Jesus

robert thunk head of the jesus seminar, a seminar of 300 leading Christian scholars. "the gospels are anonymous. the familiar headings "according to" were added early in the 2nd century." 14:10[ Ehrman: Moses didn't write Pentateuch, and Matthew Mark Luke and John didn't write Gospels. of the 27 books of NT only 8 books go back to their authors: 7 undisputed letters of Paul and John in Revelations, although we don't know which John this was. Disciples: only Matthew and John. Luke and Mark weren't disciples. Luke 6:14-6, Matthew 10:2-4 give the lists of the disciples. reason to believe John and Matthew didn't write those books. John the Disciple died around 98 CE but gospel written in 110. Acts 4:13 says John and Peter were "unlettered" (illiterate). Graham Stanton "was acceptance of Matthew Mark Luke and John correct?" Ehrman: not Matthew, John, 1 Peter, or 2 Peter, no other books claim to be written by disciples. 7 of 13 are accepted by nearly all scholars. deliberate and significant alterations in scripture that were doctrinal motivation. OMISSIONS, FABRICATIONS, AND INSERTIONS Acts 8:37 is empty (left blank because it is well recognized as an insertion). Acts 15:34 (inserted according to Bruce Medscar). Matthew 17:21, 18:11. Mark 7:16, 9:44, 9:46, 11:26. Luke 9:56, 17:36, 23:17 (go to Brown's websites for more). FIRST EPISTLE OF JOHN, JOHN 5:1, ROMANS 16:24. 1 Corinthians 7:12 - "I, not the Lord say". therefore, the Bible is not all from God. 13/27 books are from Paul. 1 Corinthians 1:16 "I do not know whether I've baptised any other". 1 Corinthians 7:25 "I have no commandment from the lord yet I give judgement as one I "suppose" therefore that this is good." 2 Corinthians 11:17 "what i speak i speak not according to the lord, but as it were, foolishly." Luke 1:3 - "He assumed perfect understanding of all things", he wrote the gospel because "it seemed good to me". foundational manuscripts vs "in the original Greek". manuscripts were written in Koinaic Greek and ancient Hebrew. Jesus spoke Aramaic, not Greek.

compare the stories of the crucifixion. last words differ. earthquake, angel, angel rolled back stone only in Matthew. who was at the tomb? angels or men? how many? where? one or two? inside or outside? Christianity favors Paul over Jesus. Paul negated Old Testament law with justification by faith. Jesus said direct accountability. Paul said Jesus was intercessor. Paul said Jesus was universal. Jesus: Son of Man 88 times, never "son of God" in literal sense. Paul set up Jesus as son of God. Jesus: 3 times proclaim monotheism. Pauline theologians constructed trinity. Paul vs peter barnabas and james in Bible. Ehrman: early sects considered Paul an arch-heretic. Lehman: Pauls teaching was sheer heresy. Joel Carmichael: we are a universe away from Jesus. cardinal commandment the Lord is One. noone was good but God. only to fulfill the law and the prophets. Johannes Weiss: Pauls teaching was something new. a new type of religion. Jesus teachings, bound by law and not by faith. Muslims follow the teachings of Jesus. Johannine Comma, 1 John 5:7: rejected according to Interpreters Bible. appears in no ancient Greek Manuscript and not cuted by any Greek father. Schofield. professors Kurt and Barbara Alland citing Nestle Alland. Professor Medgar. these are some of highest Christian scholars and Biblical textual critics alive in the previous century. condemned by authentic manuscripts. "modern biblical scholars are sincere and honest in many cases. RSV, NRSV, NIV, NASB, GNB, NEB, JB, DNT" 39:40. 3 foretold prophets in Old Testaments. Book of Malachi: John the Baptist. Jesus. And another prophet whose description doesn't fit those two. not foretold by name, but by description. NT: Jews question John and mention the three prophets. Jesus identrified John as Elijah in Matt 17:11. 1 John 2:1, Jesus is an "advocate" (parakletos), mentioned 5 times in the NT only in epistle of John. in John 14:16, "alos parakletos". Paraklete is translated to different things, just like "numa" is translated to Holy Spirit or other words (49:40). another in greek is "hetero" (another where there are two), "alos" (another where there are many). 58:00 Jesus Seminar: a meeting of 300 top Christian scholars. A book called "The 5

Gospels". they concluded that most of what is in the Bible wasn't said by Jesus. published by Newsweek magazine years ago. hadith vs. bible "comparing apples with oranges isn't fair". book that explains the compilation of the Bible briefly. Brown's books. bibliography in the hundreds. British library to the Library of Congress. two of his books come to 600 pgs. leveltruth.com. can be available for download on Amazon.com in one or two months.