Found Ed 4003: The Research Process Pepito, Magdalena C. Maed FLT Dr.

Caete December 9, 2011 The Transitive Property of Research Research, theory, logic, can one associate with the other? Yes, theres really a connection between them. Before giving the relationship between these three, first, lets tackle the meaning of each concept. It was Pythagoras who gave the word "theory" the specific meaning which leads to the classical and modern concept of a distinction between theory as uninvolved, neutral thinking, and practice. In him, theory is simple, a passionate sympathetic contemplation of mathematical and scientific knowledge. He emphasized subduing emotions and bodily desires in order to enable the intellect to function at the higher plane of theory. According to the Wikipedia, theories are analytical tools for

understanding, explaining, and making predictions about a given subject matter. A theory is our gear to better explain and to grasp the meaning of a topic. Logic, as Alfred Tarski said in his Introduction to Logic and to the Methodology of Deductive Sciences, is the name of a discipline which analyzes the meaning of the concepts common to all the sciences, and establishes the general laws governing the concepts. It is concerned with the principles of correct reasoning. It teaches us how we ought to reason if we want to reason correctly. Since we analyze the concepts, we can give correct reasons and we can support our ideas. Gottlob Frege (1956), in his paper, The Thought: A Logical Inquiry quoted that to discover truths is the task of all sciences; it falls to logic to discern the laws of truth. I assign to logic the task of discovering the laws

of truth, not of assertion or thought. We should think and be aware of what is really true and not just your own opinion. Martin Shuttleworth (2008) cited that in the broadest sense of the word, the definition of research includes any gathering of data, information and facts for the advancement of knowledge. In research, we search for knowledge and investigate to establish novel facts, solve new or existing problems and prove new ideas. The idea of Shuttleworth is supported by Creswell (2008) who stated that research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue. It consists of three steps: Pose a question, collect data to answer the question, and present an answer to the question. If we are trying to analyze or scrutinize information to know about it, then we are doing research. Everyday, new ideas or even problems come our way. What do we do? Of course, we do research. We identify the problems that we are facing. We think of solutions and we do the experimentation or apply the solutions until we get the right solutions and until the problem is solved. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, research is a studious inquiry or examination; especially : investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws. In this definition, we can immediately identify the relationship of research and theory. In research, we need related theories to support the ideas stated in our research. These theories are very important since this will serve as a proof of your research. Theories are the guide to our research. On the other hand, we not only need theories in doing our research since in research, we can come up with a new or revised theory. A new theory from what we had observed or analyze on our datas. We cannot make a theory if we did not do any research about its background.

Theory is used to create hypotheses and research tests out these hypotheses. Results from research can then be used to refine theory. Without theory, the data and findings of any research endeavor could not be interpreted meaningfully. Without research, theories and their subpropositions could not be tested and refined. In Aristotle's terminology, theory involves thinking and logic is the principle of correct reasoning. A theory is a set of logical explanations about the patterns of our lives. Example, we may have a theory about why our boss has been so nice to us lately or why we did so poorly on our last history test. Theory is also important in logic because how are we going to give our reason if we havent analyze, understand, explain, and make predictions about a given subject matter. Through theory, we can be aware about the truth. Since, research: theory and theory: logic, then research: logic. We need to discern or discover the truth in our research. In research, we need to find the truth. We need to give logical explanations on a specific topic of our research. For me, the three concepts show as the transitive property in mathematics. They do have relationship with each other and without one, the two is nothing. Research establishes facts; theory is a guess at what the facts mean and logic is there so we can discern the truth of what the facts mean.