Amrut Gunwantrao Gaddamwar et al.

, IJSID 2011, 1 (3), 46-54

ISSN:2249-5347

IJSID
International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries
Review Article
An International peer Review Journal for Science

Available online through www.ijsidonline.info

CAUSES, QUANSEQUENCES OF GLOBAL COOLING EFFECT

Amrut Gunwantrao Gaddamwar*, Rajput PR and Jirapure SC Dhamangaon Education Society, college of engineering & Technology Dhamangaon rly, affiliated to Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University Amravati.

ABSTRACT
Due to the industrializations, deforestation, traditional agriculture,
Received: Modified: 10.09.2011 16.10.2011

burning of fossils fuels and celebration of traditional festival all over the world, the concentration of green house gases such as co2, Oxide of Sulphur, Oxide of Nitrogen in atmosphere increase; which causes increase in temperature of the

Published: 29.12.2011
*Corresponding Author

globe which is called as Global warming effect. Due to the global warming effect temperature of the earth is increase. If the temperature of the earth is increase by one degree Celsius then the rate of evaporation of water from sea, ocean, ponds, rivers are increases and pattern of cloud formation is change which causes untimely rain and strong statics instability in the lower atmosphere. Dry air advection and strong thermal advection due to this there was strong convergence and divergence of wind fields on sea surface and upper level (3km), this indicating the existence of convective rolls in clouds. The main energy source of convection was sensible heat flux and the main moisture source was convection. Radiative cooling in the cloud layer

Name: Amrut Gunwantrao Gaddamwar Place: Dhamangaon rly, Amravati, Maharashtra, India E-mail: gamrut_reddy@rediffmail.com

intensified the static instability in lower atmosphere which causes excessive snow fall due to which overall temperature on the surface of the earth decrease is called as global cooling effect its consequences are on living life, plant, animal and the number of heart patient increases. It can be control by action plane of environmental pollution. INTRODUCTION Keywords: Global cooling effect, Causes, Consequences, Action plane and Control

INTRODUCTION

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Amrut Gunwantrao Gaddamwar et al., IJSID 2011, 1 (3), 46-54 INTRODUCTION

Less noticeable locally and less widely known, are other signs of climatic turmoil-increasing Arctic snow cover; more tornadoes, often in unaccustomed places; increasing incidences of flooding, heat waves, and drought. Some of these phenomena appear contradictory. Heat waves and drought seem "warm", in contrast to indications of cooling. Surprisingly, evidence suggests the interlink age of all these phenomena in a single, consistent pattern of causation. It follows an "in depth" weather report, describing a new hypothesis which links climatic deterioration to larger events in the history of the biosphere. A spate of science journal articles warned that CO2 release by fossil fuel burning might over warm the climate. But overlooked all along was the degree to which photosynthetic activity may have depleted its atmospheric CO2 resources in the very process which laid down the fossil fuels in the first place. The photosynthetic metabolism of the biosphere itself may have precipitated the ice ages, by taking globally-tropical-climate-maintaining atmospheric CO2 concentrations below a threshold where the Milankovitch cycle could trigger, not just minor moderations of that global tropical climate, but cooling to the point where continental ice accumulation could begin its high-alb do-amplified self-acceleration. Much evidence points to a marked scarcity of CO2 in today's atmosphere relative to that of past ages, and a resulting fall in the general rate of photosynthesis. Many plant varieties grow more rapidly and luxuriantly in an artificial atmosphere enriched with five to ten times the present ambient CO2 concentration. In terms of the Earth's photosynthesis-based biomass primary self-productivity, in the biosphere. In the past, the biosphere had relied on fermentation by its bacterial decomposer stratum to return organic carbon to the atmosphere as CO2. Many climatologists believed that the great "human ferment" of the industrial revolution, with its tremendous releases of heat and CO2 from fuel burning, caused this climatic improvement. But circa 1940, the gathering Milankovitch momentum for cooling may have overtaken the warming effects of even rising rates of anthropogenic CO2 enrichment. Objectives The temperature of the earths surface is maintained by the energy balance of the suns rays that strike the earth and the heat that radiated back by the earth into the outer space. If the concentration of the gases such as CO2, NO, N2O, CH4, O3 etc increases in atmosphere these gases act like the glass panels of a green house or the window glass of a closed car, they allow the sun rays to freely enter through them to the earth but prevent the longer wave length radiations coming from the earth to escape into the outer space. Because more energy is radiated back to the earth by the above gases due to their increased concentration and their blanketing effect. The temperature of the earth increases. This phenomenon is called as global warming or green house effect. Higher concentration of these gases in the atmosphere more is the infrared radiation trapped by these gases which is reflected back to the earth surfaces and more is the global warming. Large amount of CO2 gets introduced into the environment from furnaces of power plants, vehicular exhaust, fossil fuel burning, forest
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fire, cutting of forest, and emission of Freon, all these factors contribute to the global warming. The gases which are responsible for green house effect or global warming are called as green house gases such as CO2, NO; N2O, CH4.H2O,

CFC-Chore- fluoro carbon etc are green house gases. In 1990 there was 7000 million hectors land was under

forest but in 2011 it is only 2890 hectors land is under forest due to population explosion, day by day forest area is decreasing which contribute to the global warming. Due to depletion of ozone layer high intensity harmful U.V and IR radiation rich to the surface of the earth which contribute to the global warming. Due to population explosion number of refrigerator increases and living standard of the people increased the number of air conditioner and number of aeroplane increased which causes depletion of ozone layer which is also responsible for global warming. Sources of greenhouse gases:1. The sources of CO2 are burning of firewood, deforestation, automobile, exhaust, industrial gases, agricultural waste burning, forest fire, deforestation, traditional festival in India such as Holi, Dipavali and Vijayadashami. In every village of India, on occasion of Holi people burned one thousand tone woods which emit various gases in to the atmosphere. 2. CH4 and H2O vapour are produced during various natural and manmade activities 3. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is released during the operation and maintenance of equipment in which CFC is used as a coolant such as air conditioners, airplanes etc
Table 1 indicates Year wise Global temperature in both hemispheres and snow fall in cm

Year 1881-1890 1891-1900 1901-1910 1911-1920 1921-1930 1931-1940 1941-1950 1951-1960 1961-1970 1971-1980 1981-1990 1991-2000 2001-2010

Global Temp. -28.5 -22.4 -28.6 -26.1 -16.6 -3.1 1.5 -0.6 -1 -3.9 19.3 31 54.6

N-Hem Temp. -32 -23.2 -27.2 -27.6 -8.3 6 9.6 -6.4 -2 -6.3 17.9 38.4 69.7

S-Hem. Temp. -24.6 -21.9 -30 -24.7 -24.8 -12 -6.6 -7.4 -1.9 9.4 20.5 23.6 39.3

Snow Fall (cm) 889 914.4 929.64 937.26 965.2 965.2 970.28 1320.8 1577.34 1897.38 2059.94 2087.88 2473.96

Control of greenhouse gases:The global cooling effect can be controlled by taking the following precautions

1)

To reduce the level of carbon dioxide on the earths atmosphere, one must increases the number of sinks to absorb carbon dioxide plants absorbs a major portion of the carbon dioxide therefore, more plants trees or forests should be grown.

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Amrut Gunwantrao Gaddamwar et al., IJSID 2011, 1 (3), 46-54 2) 3) 4)

By decreasing the consumption of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum. This can be possible by using nonbio-gas energies or renewable energy source etc. Ban on CFCS and nuclear explosions. Decreasing in the use of automobile. The more efficient clean and green technology in automobile field is developing through research etc.

5) Effective check on population growth or by controlling population 6) By imparting non formal and formal environmental education. 7) 8) 9)
By ban on burning of Holi, ban on burning of cracker on occasion of Diwali festival. And ban on celebration of Vijayadashami. By using alternate fuel instead of fossil fuels. By using the solar energy and renewable energy sources.

10) By using plasma technology in the generation of power instead of coal, nuclear fuels etc. 11) Developing effective techniques in the mining industries which control the emission of green house gases. 12) Reduction of sulphur, Nitrogen content of the fuel by desulphurization and de-nitrification respectively. 13) By using Agronomical techniques in the field of agriculture, reduces the emission of green houses gases. 14) By using eco-friendly materials in the industry, reduces green houses gases. 15) Add some more precautions for healthy weather and give info/instructions for normal person

Figure 1 indicates Yearly Global Temp., N Hem Temp. & S. Hem Tem Distribution

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Figure 2 indicates Year wise Global Temperature Distribution

Figure 3 indicates Year wise N Hem. Temperature Distribution

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Figure 4 indicates Year wise Southern Hem. Temperature Distribution

Figure 5 indicates snow fall in cm every 10 years

Figure 6 indicates snowfall in the Northern hemisphere

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Figure 7 indicates snowfall in the Southern hemisphere DISCUSSION Due to increase in intensity of global warming the rate of temperature of the earth are increases day by day because of various reasons. The formation convergence and divergence is increase and which affect on the pattern of formation of clouds in the sky which causes snow fall rate changes and decreases overall temperature of earth which is called as global cooling effect. CONCLUSION From the interpretations of data it is clear that global warming is responsible for the global cooling effects and it can control by controlling global warming effect. Overall increases in temperature of the earth is called as global warming effect, due to global warming the rate of evaporation water is increases and change the pattern of clouds formation which causes snow fall and increases rate of snow fall in both southern and northern hemisphere which decrease the overall temperature of the earth is called as global cooling effect. Since from 1981 to 2011 the snow fall in the both hemisphere increases with the increase in temperature of the earth. REFERENCES 1. Bahuguna, I. M., Kulkarni, A. V. and Nayak, S. DEM from IRS-1C PAN stereo coverages over Himalayan glaciated region accuracy and its utility, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2004, 25, pp 4029-4041. 2. James, H., Global Trends of Measured Surface Air Temperature, journal of geophysical research, 1987; 92(11), 345-372. 3. Sung-dae, K, Numerical study of snowfall mechanism around the Seoul region, Journal of environmental sciences, 2001; 10(s1), 29-33. 4. Roy R., et al, common snowfall conditions associated with aircraft takeoff accident, journal of aircraft, 2000; 37(1), 110-116.
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