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OPTICAL PROPERTY
a materials response to exposure to electromagnetic radiation and, in particular, to visible light
Electromagnetic radiation
energy radiated in the form of a wave consisting of electric and magnetic field components that are perpendicular to each other and also to the direction of propagation
Electromagnetic spectrum
spans the wide range from -rays through radiowaves
Electromagnetic Spectrum
1. 2. 3. 4.
REFLECTION
Law of Reflection The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in the same plane, and the angle of reflection r equals the angle of incidence i.
r = i
2 Types of Reflection
1. Specular Reflection when parallel light rays strike a smooth, plane surface, the reflected rays are parallel to each other.
Diffuse Reflection when parallel light rays strike an irregular surface, the reflected rays are in various directions
n
1.523 1.584 1.544 2.419 1.309 1.33
Transparent materials that are capable of transmitting light with relatively little absorption and reflection Translucent materials through which light is transmitted diffusely, that is, light is scattered within the interior Opaque materials that are impervious to the transmission of visible light
Problems
1. A beam of light is traveling in air and strikes a material. The angles of incidence and refraction are 63 and 21.6, respectively. (a) What is the angle of reflection? (b) What is the index of refraction of the material? (c) What is the material? 2. Using a laser and electronic timing device, you find that light travels 2.5 m within a plastic rod in 11.5 x 10-9 s. What is the index of refraction of the plastic? 3. What is the speed of light in diamond, glass and water?