UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA KAMPUS PERLIS

Faculty Of Architecture, Planning and Surveying Department of Surveying Science and Geomatics Diploma in Geomatic Science (Natural Resources)-AP 122

Project Report Course Course Code Semester Title Supervisor Marks Cadastral Survey SUG 121 2 Pre-Computation Plan En. Norshahrizan bin Hashim

Name: Muhammad Yasin bin Moh. Uitm No: 2007204652 Group s Member: 1) 2) 3) 4) Muhammad Shafiq bin Abdul Ghani Muhammad Khairul Izewan bin Othman Muhammad Shaffiq bin Sinip Victor Sebari

Date of Submission: 11 APRIL 2008

NAME Muhammad Yasin bin Moh Muhammad Shafiq bin Abdul Ghani Muhammad Shaffiq bin Sinip Muhammad Khairul Izewan bin Othman Victor Sebari

UITM NO 2007204652 2007204614 2007204612 2007262338 2007204606

SIGNATURE

PREFACE
Assalamualaikum Warahmatullah Wabarakatuh to everyone,especially my Cadastral Survey Lecturer,Mr Norshahrizan bin Hashim.First of all we would like to show my deepestgratitude to Allah s.w.t because with all of his might and assistance,I would be able to complete this important report on the required time.Not forgetting the hardworks of all group members,especially on their full commitments while doing the practicals.

I hope that this report will benefit everybody,eventhough that it is very simple and lack of certain important informations.I am very sure that this report will be a very good reference to everybody,especially the students of Geomatic Science,Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis.I am also hoping that with all of the kindness that we have in Mr Shahrizan,he will give us good responses and gives us a very good marks in this report.

Last but not least, thanks once again to Mr Shahrizan to all of his efforts on teaching us SUG 121.All of your good deeds will never be forgotten.

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE
Introduction Simplified Theory Procedure Of Work Result Analysis Conclusion References Appendix

PAGES

1.0

INTRODUCTION

This report is about making a traverse in Cadastral,but what makes it different from the other traverse is we have to start it based on the given datums that have been verified by Jupem.After we have done with the process of checking the Instrumental Errors on the EDM by doing Differential Field Test,we need to move on to proving the datums that we need to use,either it in good or bad conditions. The datums can be prove by comparing the distance that we get from the observation to the given distance in the certified plan. By calculating the inner angle from the triangles establish by the formations of the 3 datums, we can now either we can use them as the starting point to begin the observation with or not. In cadastral surveying, datum is a line where the bearing and distance are admitted correct and the line will be the reference line for starting any new survey work. There are many terms that we must follow to complete any cadastral surveys to make sure all the works are precise and are following the rules. After we have done with the process, we can continue our observations based on the given plot at the Pre-Computation Plan.

2.0 OBJECTIVE
First of all, the objective of making the traverse is to give the students early exposure on how to make a perfect and well establish traverse based on the datums, and how to continue their work to the establish another plot.There are a lot of important process before the student can begin to work on their traverse. For example, students must do the Differential Field Test first before anything else in order to check the instrumental errors that we get from the EDM.

After we have done with the process of detecting the errors in the instrument,we must prove our datums first.This is important because we need to compare the distance and horizontal angle that we get from the observation to the original bearing and distance, and comparing these 2 different data that we have. By calculating the inner angle of the triangles from the combinations of the 3 datums, we can conclude either the datums can still be used as stations to start our projects or not.

3.0 SIMPLIFIED THEORY

There are many terms/process used in cadastral survey.Some of them like differential field test, datums, and so on are widely used,especially in making traverse in cadastral project.

DIFFERENTIAL FIELD TEST. Definition: This process is done to ensure that the EDM or total station used in order to make the traverse are in well condition. This process should be carried out at the start of every new survey job. -The procedure used in making zero error is similar to the procedure of zero error.

DATUMS. -Datum is the most important part to start survey. It is like the reference point used to start the traverse. It has the x, y and z detailing given and monitored by JUPEM> -Datums can be divided into 2 parts: 1) Datum to start survey- prismatic compass (PC),solar observation, certified plan and so on. PC has the lowest accuracy comparing to the other methods. 2) Satisfactory Datum- 2 boundary marks (proved with solar observation to get final bearing), 3 boundary marks and 2 GPS points.

CONDITIONS OF DATUM. -distance must be more than 30m. - >40m for every 20m. - <40m (0.015m) - the interior angle < 10 or 20.

PRE COMPUTATION PLAN

Using the pre-computation plan, we can start the new traverse easily because the bearing and distances are given. With the right positioned bearing and distance from the datum, bury the new pegs for the new lot just as in the pre-com plan.

4.0 PROCEDURE OF WORK

1) Before starting the treverse, we need to do the Differential Field Test (DFT) in order to detect the error that occurs in the TS. 2) The process of DFM is simply similar with the procedure of Zero Error. Total station prism prism

L2

B L1

L3

3) Firstly a straight line is measured about 60m by using a tape.This line is called as L1. 4) After that we need to divide the line into 2 different line, each of it has the same distance, and in this case the length of each line is 30m. 5) We put the other 2 prism at the end of the line,as we can see clearly at the figure above. 6) We then observe by using the TS from B-A and from B-C. And the total of A-B and BC must be equal to the distance of L1 (A-C).The difference between these 2 distance is the constant error of the instrument. 7) The error (z) can be calculated by using this formula:-

(L2 + z) + (L3 + z) = (L1 + z) L2 + L3 + 2 z = L1 + z

Z = L1 (L2 + L3)

8) All of the data must be recorded properly with the standard booking to make further references become a lot more easier.We need to perform calculations and the allowed error for the TS is not more than 10mm.

9) After this process is done,we need to choose 3 boundary marks and then move out and setting up the instrument on it.The next process that we need to perform is the determination of boundary marks. 10) We need to set up the TS at 1 point and the other 2 prism/reflector at another 2 point.All of the observations data must be recorded.

Total station

Prism

Prism

11) By comparing the distance from the observation with the old CP,the diffrerence between those 2 data must not be more than the allowed range. 12) The inner angle within the triangles combining those 3 points must not be more than 20 between the observation data and the old one. 13) After we have done proving the boundary marks and all of the conditions are still within the required range,we can start to make the traverse.The procedure and process to produce the traverse is still same like before. 14) All of the data obtained from this site project must be recorded properly into some specified form with the standard guideline given by JUPEM.

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5.0 INSTRUMENTS
Instrumentation     3 tripod Total station 2 prism Tape

Total Station y A total station is an optical instrument used in modern surveying as to measure the distance between two points and to get the straight line of sight. It is a combination of an electronic theodolite, an electronic distance measuring device (EDM). y y y y To determine angles and distances from the instrument to points to be surveyed. To get the straight line of sight. Used to measure bearing and distance accurately. Usually used in survey works that requires high and accurate results.

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Tripod y A three-legged object, such as a cauldron, stool, or table. An adjustable three-legged stand, as for supporting a Total Station. y y y y To hold the total station or prism. To make sure the total station or prism is positioned correctly on the point. Used to hold and mounted the tribrach on the total station to the upper side of the tripod. The tripod legs are made with strong steel to hold the total station adnd avoid it from being collapsed.

Prism y The type of prism used must be exactly the same with the type of total station,if not some errors in reading will occurs. y y A prism is essential for most EDM and total station. The prism is used to return the transmitted beam to the total station to allow a distance to be determined by the time of phase comparison. y It is constructed from glass cubes that will return the beam along a path that is exactly parallel to the line of the incident path.

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6.0 RESULTS
Bearing Station 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6 5 6 7 6 7 2 7 2 1 160o0206 340o0206 219o3715 39o3720 39o3725 219o3735 160o0206 +14 160o0220 194o3955 14o3958 14o4000 194o4015 219o3720 +12 219o3732 242o2335 62o2330 62o2325 242o2350 194o3958 +10 194o4008 12o2230 192o2240 192o2250 12o2245 242o2330 +08 242o2338 334o0735 154o0738 154o0740 334o0755 12o2240 +06 12o2246 38o0225 218o0230 218o0225 38o0250 334o0738 +04 334o0742 Face left 340o0240 Face right 160o0240 Mean 38o0230 +02 Final Bearing 38o0232 Distance 32.137 73.454 73.454 10.718 10.718 32.841 32.841 33.271 33.270 28.518 28.512 34.275 34.282 32.132

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7.0 ANALYSIS
Station 2
+0.005143 -0.004857

Mean

Final Dist.

Latid

Depart

Adj. Latid

Adj. Depart

Coordinates N/S E/W 53458.244 -39980.664

38o0232 334o0742 12o2240

o

73.454

57.850
+0.010286

45.265
-0.009714

57.747

45.362

53515.991

-39935.302

10.718

9.644
+0.015429

-4.677
-0.014571

9.654

-4.687

53525.645

-39939.989

32.841

32.077
+0.020572

7.041
-0.019428

32.092

7.026

53557.737

-39932.963

242 2338 194o4008 219o3732 160o0220

33.271

-15.417
+0.025715

-29.483
-0.024285

-15.396

-29.502

53542.341

-39962.465

28.518

-27.588
+0.030858

-7.222
-0.029142

-27.562

-7.246

53514.779

-39969.711

34.275

-26.400
+0.036

-21.859
-0.034

-26.369

-21.888

53488.410

-39991.599

32.132

-30.202 Total = -0.036

10.969 Total = 0.034

-30.166 Total = 0

10.935 Total = 0

53458.244

-39980.664

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Total Distance = 245.209m Linear Misclosure = 245.209 (-0.036)2 + (0.034)2

1:4952 1:4900

AREA.. A = (53458.244 x -39935.302) + (53515.991 x -39939.989) + (53525.645 x -39932.963) + (53557.737 x -39962.465) + (53542.341 x -39969.711) + (53514.779 x -39991.599) + (53488.410 x -39980.664) = -1.496875163 x 1010

B = (-39980.664 x 53515.991) + (-39935.302 x 53525.645) + (-39939.989 x 53557.737) + (-39932.963 x 53542.341) + (-39962.465 x 53514.779) + (-39969.711 x 53488.410) + (-39991.599 x 53458.244) = -1.496874683 x 1010

Area = A B 2

A = ( -1.496875163 x 1010) ( -1.496874683 x 1010) 2 = 2400 m2

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STN

BEARING

JARAK (M)

BUKU KERJA LUAR U(+) / S(-)

KOORDINAT CASSINI T(+) / B(-)

RUJUKAN JK

PLOT 2 4 5 6 7 2 12 22 46 242 23 38 194 40 08 219 37 32 32.841 33.271 28.518 34.275 53525.645 53557.737 53542.341 53514.779 53488.410 -39939.989 -39932.963 -39962.465 -39969.711 -39991.599

JUMLAH

120.86

Tikaian lurus 1:4900

Luas=2400m2

0.24ha

2 1 160 02 20 32.132

53458.244 53458.244

-39980.664 -39980.664 -

2 3 38 02 32 73.454

53458.244 53515.991

-39980.664 -39935.302

3 4 334 07 42 10.718 53525.645 -39939.989

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8.0 CONCLUSION

Based from the analysis on the result that we get from our observation,we can conclude that we can know the coordinates of our station by referring it to the data that we have on the traverse.We can also calculate the area of our traverse by using either coordinates or croos method. I hope that this report will benefit everybody,eventhough that it is very simple and lack of certain important informations.I am very sure that this report will be a very good reference to everybody,especially the students of Geomatic Science,Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis.I am also hoping that with all of the kindness that we have in Mr Shahrizan,he will give us good responses and gives us a very good marks in this report.

Last but not least, thanks once again to Mr Shahrizan to all of his efforts on teaching us SUG 121.All of your good deeds will never be forgotten.

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9.0 REFERENCES

y y

Surveying For Engineers, J Uren and W.F Price. Kuliah Ukur Kadaster, Rahim Hj. Mohamad Salleh, Tuan Stia Hj. Tuan Sulong, Mohamad Makros Rasimin.

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10.0 APPENDIX
Diary Of Work On Tuesday,1st April 2008,our team has go on the site to accomplish our traverse based on the given plot in SKL (Surihan Kerja Luar). We started our works carefully, in order to get accurate results of observation. We move our instruments from one station to another from the first to the last station. All group members shows their full commitments and hardship in order to establish a well traverse. It takes about 1 and half hour to complete this site works.Our works ended at 12.30 pm.

INDIVIDUAL COMMENTS

This practical is a little bit tough for me, I think. We face a lot of difficulties while we were busy doing our works. One of the biggest problems is we have to repeat doing our traverse 3 times because the final bearing from the station 2-1 and 1-2 is not closed.So it takes a lot of time there to accomplish this practicals. MUHAMMAD YASIN BIN MOH 2007204652

This practical is one of the most toughest practical Ive ever done because of some factors. The first one is because of the weather. Our practical started at 11 am and ended at 1pm.So it gets a little bit hot out there.But at last we were able to accomplish it within the specified time given. Muhammad Shaffik bin Sinip 2007204612

First of all I would like to give some comments on our co-operation during the practical works. It seems like everybody have given their full commitments and hardship while we were doing the practical work at the site. So without full co-operation from everybody we eill not be able to complete this practical works on Pre-comp plan. Muhammad Shafiq bin Abdul Ghani 2007204614

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This practical is so challenging because we have to stand under the hot and sunny day to complete the traverse based on the pre-comp plan. Besides that, we have to read the readings accurately because it will affect our calculations later. We need to repeat doing this traverse 3 times because of some errors that occurs earlier have affect our data. Victor Sebari 2007204606

This practical is really fun and challenging to me because we have face and encounter a lot of difficulties during the fieldworks. Although we was quite tired to finish this practical, but are happy because we managed to complete the task given in the specified time. Last but not least, thanks to all group members of all their hardships and co-operations. Muhammad Khairul Izewan bin Othman 2007262338

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