Display Station 32 Manual

DISPLAY STATION 32
OPERATION MANUAL
Publication 1082-458 Rev. E 04 May 2004
AMETEK POWER Instruments 255 N. Union Street Rochester, New York 14605
Tel: (800) 881-4156 Fax: (585) 238-4945 Web: www.ametekpower.com
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Power Instruments APPROVED
This document is released
REVISION HISTORY Revision Date ECN No / Description Author Approved
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26/09/03 04/05/04
Format update API-ECO-11649
MMcP MMcP
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John Sperr
Digitally signed by John Sperr DN: cn=John Sperr, o=Ametek PI, ou=Rochester, c=US Date: 2004.05.10 08:16:23 -04'00' Reason: I am approving this document Location: Rochester, NY
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................1 STARTING DISPLAY STATION .............................................................................................................................1 Record Tab Control ......................................................................................................................................2 Sorting...........................................................................................................................................................3 Resizing Columns..........................................................................................................................................3 Saved Settings ...............................................................................................................................................3 Status bar ......................................................................................................................................................4 TRANSIENT RECORDS .........................................................................................................................................4 Analog Profile...............................................................................................................................................5 Digital Transitions ........................................................................................................................................6 Expert System Classification.........................................................................................................................6 DISTURBANCE RECORDS (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) ........................................................................................7 HARMONIC RECORD ...........................................................................................................................................9 MAIN MENU.....................................................................................................................................................11 SYSTEM MENU................................................................................................................................................13 REFRESH FILE LIST ...........................................................................................................................................13 DIRECTORY MAINTENANCE .............................................................................................................................13 AUTO-POLL & AUTO-CALL ..............................................................................................................................16 Auto-poll .....................................................................................................................................................16 Auto-call......................................................................................................................................................18 AUTO-POLL NOW ..............................................................................................................................................18 AUTO-POLL DISTURBANCE LOGGER NOW. ....................................................................................................19 COMMS MANAGER ...........................................................................................................................................20 DATA DIRECTORY ............................................................................................................................................22 SECURITY .........................................................................................................................................................23 OPTIONS ...........................................................................................................................................................24 EDIT MENU ......................................................................................................................................................27 DELETE ............................................................................................................................................................27 COPY ................................................................................................................................................................27 PASTE COMMENT..............................................................................................................................................27 IMPORT COMTRADE .....................................................................................................................................28 EXPORT COMTRADE.....................................................................................................................................28 RECORDER NETWORK ......................................................................................................................................28 Region .........................................................................................................................................................29 Location ......................................................................................................................................................30 Search Tree .................................................................................................................................................30 Pseudo recorder..........................................................................................................................................34 PSEUDO MACHINE ............................................................................................................................................35 Adding a Pseudo Machine to the Recorder Network ..................................................................................36 Configuring Individual Recorders ..............................................................................................................38 MERGE RECORDS NOW ....................................................................................................................................39 COMMUNICATIONS STATUS ..............................................................................................................................39 RECORDER MENU .........................................................................................................................................41 CONNECT A RECORDER ....................................................................................................................................41 Search Tree .................................................................................................................................................42 Recorder ID Mismatch................................................................................................................................43 DISCONNECT RECORDER ..................................................................................................................................44 RECORDER CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................................................44
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Search Tree.................................................................................................................................................45 Local/Remote Configuration Mismatch......................................................................................................45 RECORDER CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................................................46 Acquisition ..................................................................................................................................................47 Sample Rate ................................................................................................................................................48 Setup or Save Button...................................................................................................................................49 Cancel Button .............................................................................................................................................49 Important Configuration note.....................................................................................................................49 HARMONICS CONFIGURATION TR100 ...........................................................................................................49 HARMONICS CONFIGURATION TR2000, TR100+ & PQR..............................................................................50 RECORD REDUCTION TRANSIENT - (TR2000 & TR100+) .............................................................................52 RECORD REDUCTION DISTURBANCE - (TR2000 & TR100)...........................................................................53 RECORD REDUCTION DISTURBANCE LOGGER (TR2000) ...............................................................................54 SYSTEM CLOCK ................................................................................................................................................54 INPUT CHANNEL SELECTION ............................................................................................................................55 Analog channels..........................................................................................................................................55 Digital channel (TR100, TR100+ & TR2000) ............................................................................................57 Phase Groups .............................................................................................................................................58 Frequency channel......................................................................................................................................60 Line Group (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) .....................................................................................................60 Phasor Display (TR2000 with synchrophasor option) ...............................................................................61 TRANSIENT TRIGGER SETTINGS .......................................................................................................................63 Analog Trigger Settings ..............................................................................................................................63 Digital Triggering.......................................................................................................................................66 Phase Group Trigger Settings ....................................................................................................................67 Frequency Triggering .................................................................................................................................68 External trigger (PQR) ...............................................................................................................................70 DISTURBANCE TRIGGER SETTINGS (TR2000) ..................................................................................................71 Analog Fundamental ..................................................................................................................................71 Power Trigger.............................................................................................................................................72 Voltage Imbalance ......................................................................................................................................74 Power Factor ..............................................................................................................................................75 Impedance...................................................................................................................................................77 Power Oscillation .......................................................................................................................................78 Frequency Oscillation.................................................................................................................................78 Phase Difference (TR2000 with synchrophasor)........................................................................................79 CROSS TRIGGERING (TR2000).........................................................................................................................80 TRIGGER LIMITS (TR2000) ..............................................................................................................................81 PERIPHERALS ...................................................................................................................................................81 Modem ........................................................................................................................................................81 Fax ..............................................................................................................................................................83 Network.......................................................................................................................................................84 Distributed Network Protocol (DNP 3.0) ...................................................................................................85 Printer (TR100 & TR2000).........................................................................................................................86 Serial Clock ................................................................................................................................................86 REAL TIME DISPLAY ........................................................................................................................................87 Analog values..............................................................................................................................................88 Digital inputs (TR100, TR100+ & TR2000) ...............................................................................................89 Disturbance Values (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) ........................................................................................89 Power Values (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)..................................................................................................90 Energy Meters (PQR) .................................................................................................................................91 PQ SET UP WIZARD (PQR) ..............................................................................................................................92 Machine Identification................................................................................................................................92 Voltage Channel Setup ...............................................................................................................................92 Current Channel Setup ...............................................................................................................................93 PQR Input Check ........................................................................................................................................94 Triggering ...................................................................................................................................................95
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Peripherals..................................................................................................................................................96 EVENT LOG ......................................................................................................................................................98 MANUAL TRIGGER ...........................................................................................................................................99 TRANSIENT RECORD DOWNLOAD ....................................................................................................................99 Transient Records Directory.....................................................................................................................100 Record.......................................................................................................................................................102 Analog Profile...........................................................................................................................................102 Digital Transitions ....................................................................................................................................103 HARMONIC RECORDS .....................................................................................................................................103 LOGGER RECORDS .........................................................................................................................................104 Retrieve Logger Data Record ...................................................................................................................105 Disturbance Records (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) ....................................................................................106 Analog Profile...........................................................................................................................................107 Digital Transitions ....................................................................................................................................107 DISTURBANCE LOGGER (TR2000) .................................................................................................................108 VIEW MENU...................................................................................................................................................111 EVENT LOG ....................................................................................................................................................111 COMMUNICATIONS LOG .................................................................................................................................111 DATABASE MENU ........................................................................................................................................113 UPDATE FILE LINKS .......................................................................................................................................113 REPAIR ...........................................................................................................................................................113 COMPACT .......................................................................................................................................................113 CREATE ARCHIVE ..........................................................................................................................................114 IMPORT ARCHIVE ...........................................................................................................................................114 APPENDIX I....................................................................................................................................................117 ADD A MODEM IN WINDOWS 98 .....................................................................................................................117 APPENDIX II ..................................................................................................................................................121 ADD A MODEM IN WINDOWS 2000 .................................................................................................................121 APPENDIX III.................................................................................................................................................125 DIAL UP NETWORKING FOR WINDOWS 2000...................................................................................................125 Make a New Dial-Up Connection.............................................................................................................125 APPENDIX IV .................................................................................................................................................131 CONFIGURING 3COM 56K LAN MODEM .........................................................................................................131 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................131 3COM 56K LAN MODEM ................................................................................................................................132 Recorder configuration.............................................................................................................................132 LAN modem configuration........................................................................................................................133 Set up the dial in connection.....................................................................................................................134 Display Station configuration ...................................................................................................................136 APPENDIX V...................................................................................................................................................137 CONFIGURING A PSEUDO MACHINE FOR AUTO-CALL .....................................................................................137 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................137 Description................................................................................................................................................137 Set up the recorders ..................................................................................................................................138 Set up the remote LAN modem (recorder end) .........................................................................................139 Set up the local LAN modem (DS32 end)..................................................................................................141 SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION SETTINGS.......................................................................................................145 APPENDIX VI .................................................................................................................................................147 TELEPHONE / FAX NUMBER LIST....................................................................................................................147
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PROCEDURES FOR FACTORY REPAIR AND RETURN ........................................................................................148 WARRANTY ...................................................................................................................................................148
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INTRODUCTION
Display Station 32 (DS32) provides communication, configuration and file handling functions. Although DS32 is designed to work with a range of AMETEK products, not all functions are available on all instruments and this is indicated throughout the text. For this reason some of the screen displays may not look exactly like those shown in this manual. References to the TR100 also include the DL8000 and references to the TR2000 also include the MFR. The TR100+ is an enhanced version of the TR100. DS32 is installed from the CD provided. The default location for the application is C:\Program files\DS32 but if DS32 has been previously installed the location of this version is used as the default. The default location of the data files is C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\LER\DS32. If required the data files may be located on a network drive and shared between multiple versions on DS32. The data files and other parameters are held in a database. In some instances the structure of this database is altered when the software version is updated. A new feature in DS32 is support for Pseudo Machines (PM). These are recorders of up to 160 channels that are made up from standard systems. DS32 makes the individual recorders look like a single large machine. DS32 can now support multiple modems and dial up networking. This means that auto-poll and auto-call will be quicker since many recorders can be contacted at once. DS32 now uses Windows services to add new modems and dial up networking capability. Details for configuring these options are given in the appendices. The communications processes are now included as part of DS32 which improves the response of the system The layout of this manual generally follows the order of the drop down menus in Display Station. This manual applies to Version 2.0 of DS32 and above.
STARTING DISPLAY STATION

The DS32 application is started by double clicking on Display Station 32 in the LER Applications program group. The main window in Display Station contains a list of all the data records on the system on a series of pages controlled by four tabs at the top that separate the records by type. Click on the tab to select the different pages. Any record can be selected for viewing and analysis. To select any record double click on the directory entry. Alternatively, right click on the entry to reveal a menu of display options.
Record Tab Control

On the Display Station 32 main window and Directory Maintenance windows, a tab is used to display different pages of records. When first displayed, this control shows Transient records. To display Logger, Harmonic or Disturbance records, click on the appropriate tab at the top of the control. The Record tab control has several features. Filtering To filter records by location, select a location from the location drop down list box and then click on the check box immediately to the left of Location. It is also possible to filter by Recorder name, trigger date and record classification. To turn a filter off, click a second time on the check box to the left of the filter to remove the X.
Date Filter To set a required time interval click on the Set Date button.
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Select a number of days Use this edit box to enter a number of days to filter on. If this is set to 1, the directory listing will filter from midnight to the current time. If set to 2 it will filter from midnight of the previous day and so on. Select Specific dates Use these two date controls to enter specific dates to define the display range. If the arrow button is clicked on it will make the bottom date the same as the top date, so that a single day can be displayed. The date selection uses a standard calendar control. Click on the left and right arrows at the top of the calendar to retard or advance the month and year then select the required date.
Apply Filter to All Lists Click on this check box to make the filter apply to all of the lists, i.e. transient, logger, harmonic and disturbance.
Sorting
To sort the contents of Transient, Disturbance or Logger record lists, click on the heading of the column to be sorted. An upward pointing arrow appears to indicate that the table is sorted in ascending order by that column. To sort in descending order, click on the same column header again. The arrow changes to a downward pointing arrow to indicate that the column is sorted in descending order. Clicking a third time on the column header removes all sorting and restores the table to its original order, which is the order it is stored in the database.
Resizing Columns
To adjust the widths of the columns of the table, place the mouse over the dividing line between the columns in the table header (e.g. between Location and Recorder). Hold down the left mouse button and drag to the left or right to decrease or increase the column width.
Saved Settings
Filter settings and sort settings are saved so that if the tab control is changed from Transient records to Disturbance records and back again, the settings remain the same. They are not saved permanently; i.e. if the window that the tab control is on is closed, the sort and filter
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settings are lost. Column widths are stored permanently, so that once set they stay set, even if the application is closed and re-opened.
Status bar
At the bottom of the main DS32 window are two colored boxes and a text box. This is used to display the status of communications with recorders. Because DS32 can support multiple modems there may be several connections at once. To see more information on the individual connections, double click on the text bar. For more information on this see the section on Communications status.
TRANSIENT RECORDS
When a transient record is selected a window shows the header information for the record and allows a comment to be stored with the record. The Transient Record window is opened by double clicking on a record in the transient page of Display Station 32's main screen.
Recorder Identification The name and location of the recorder where the record originated. Trigger Information Trigger Type describes the trigger that caused the record to be generated with the originating analog or digital channel name. Trigger Time shows the time that the trigger was detected to the nearest millisecond. For the TR2000, this time is shown to the nearest microsecond. The date includes the day number in brackets. If the recorder is locked to GPS the time will be followed by GPS locked. If the recorder is locked to a serial time code, which includes IRIG-B, the time will be followed by Serial locked. Otherwise Internal clock is shown. Record length shows the entire duration of the record in cycles.
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Comment A message of up to 255 characters can be stored along with the record and viewed when this window is opened. This is also included with a printed version of the record. The comment is normally used to identify the cause of the fault record. The Paste comment option in the Edit menu is used to paste the same comment to multiple records. Buttons Click Analyze fault data to view the waveforms and analyze the record further using Display Station Analysis (DSA). For information on this see the DSA32 manual. Click Analogs to see the pre and post fault RMS levels for each input channel in the record. The maximum and minimum values may also be shown. The measurement points are the two cycles either side of the trigger point and either side of the safety point Click Digitals to see the Digital Transitions of the record displayed to the nearest millisecond. The fault duration is also shown. This is the time between the trigger and safety points. If Digital input 15 is used for cross triggering transitions on this input are not reported. Click Expert Info to see the Expert System Classification of the record. This is only available if the record has been analyzed. For more information on this see the Expert System manual. Click Expert System to start the Expert system application. If the substation model has been created this will classify the record and make specific measurements. It may also be used to view RMS profiles of individual channels or phase groups.
Analog Profile
This window shows the RMS levels of the cycles immediately before and after the start and end of the trigger condition. The maximum and minimum values throughout the duration of the record are also included.
The fault duration is the time in milliseconds, between the start and end of the trigger condition. For a digital transition or manual trigger this value will be zero. This information may be used to give an indication of the type and level of a line fault without having sight of the complete graphical record.
Digital Transitions
This window shows the transition times of digital inputs that have profiling enabled. These times are relative to the trigger point. The fault duration is defined as the time from the start of the first trigger to the end of the last trigger (which may not be on the same channel or of the same type as the initial trigger).
Expert System Classification

This window shows the expert system information for the selected fault. There is a separate manual for the Expert system application.
Logger Records This window shows the header information for a logger record and allows a comment to be stored with the record. The Logger Record window is opened by double clicking on a record in the logger tab of Display Station 32's main screen.
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Recorder Identification The name and location of the recorder where the record originated. Record Information From To Interval Duration Comment In the edit box provided enter a comment, no longer than 255 characters to be stored along with the record and viewed when this window is opened again. This is also included with a printed version of the record. Click Analyze to analyze the record further using Display Station Analysis. For information on this see the DSA32 manual. Start time of the record to the nearest 'Interval'. End Time of the record to the nearest 'Interval'. The sample interval at which the logger data was recovered. The difference in the start and end times of the record.
DISTURBANCE RECORDS (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

This window shows the header information for a disturbance record and allows a comment to be stored with the record. The Disturbance Record window is opened by double clicking on a record in the disturbance page of Display Station 32's main screen.
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Recorder Identification This is the name and location of the recorder where the record originated. Trigger Information Trigger Type describes the trigger that caused the record to be generated including the originating analog or digital channel number or phase group. Trigger Time shows the start time of the record to the nearest millisecond. Duration shows the length of time the record lasts to the nearest millisecond. The date includes the day number in brackets. If the recorder is locked to GPS or a serial time code, which includes IRIG-B, this is stated after the time. Comment In the edit box provided enter a comment, no longer than 255 characters to be stored along with the record and viewed when this window is opened again. It is also included with a printed version of the record. Buttons Click Analyze.. to view the signals and analyze the record further using Display Station Analysis. For information on this see the DSA32 manual. Click Analogs to see the pre and post fault RMS levels for the record. Click Digitals to see the Digital Input transitions in the record. This is only valid for the TR2000 and TR100+. Click Expert Info to see the Expert System Classification of the record. This is only available if the record has been analyzed. For more information on this see the Expert System help file. Click Expert System to start the Expert system application. This will classify the record and make specific measurements. It may also be used to view RMS profiles of individual channels or phase groups.
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Digital Input transitions (TR2000 & TR100+) This window shows the digital transitions that occurred during a disturbance record.
Filter Selection Use the Channel drop down list box to select a channel to filter on. To turn on the filter, click on the check box to the left. Use the Time Filter selection check box to filter by time range. To change the date or time click on the value to be changed then select the up or down arrows to the right. Event List The digital events are listed at the bottom of the window. A transition to normal state is shown as 'Normal State' in green. A transition to alarm state is shown as 'Alarm State' in red, in the event column. The initial state of each input is shown at the start of the list. The time shown is the same as the trigger time.
HARMONIC RECORD
This window shows the header information for a harmonic record and allows a comment to be stored with the record. The Harmonic Record window is opened by double clicking on a record in the harmonic page of Display Station 32's main screen.
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Recorder Identification The name and location of the recorder where the record originated. Record Information From To Interval Duration Comment In the edit box provided enter a comment, no longer than 255 characters to be stored along with the record and viewed when this window is opened again. Click Analyze to analyze the record further using the Harmonic Analysis application. For information on this see the Harmonics32 manual. Start time of the record to the nearest Interval. End Time of the record to the nearest Interval. The sample interval at which the logger data was recovered. The difference in the start and end times of the record.
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MAIN MENU
The options on the main menu bar of Display Station are: System Edit Recorder View Database Help Auto-polling, security, directory maintenance, exit. Delete records, network definition Recorder Connection, Recorder Configuration, Record download Event log, communications log Database Maintenance, Database Archive context sensitive help text, about DS32
Each of the options under these menus is described in the following chapters. If a pointing device (mouse) is not available the menu options may be selected by holding down the Alt key then pressing the letter that is underlined in the menu option; e.g. to select the System menu hold down Alt and press S. Within a data entry window the different options may be select by repeatedly pressing the tab key until the required option is highlighted.
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SYSTEM MENU
This menu is used to maintain the system directory, set up communications and autopolling and to implement system security. There are several options available: Refresh file list Directory Maintenance Auto-poll/call Auto-poll now Auto-poll disturbance logger now Security Comms manager Data Directory Options
REFRESH FILE LIST
The DS32 database stores the header information for each record in the Display Station 32 data directory. The actual record data are stored in the data directory as files. Each record in the database stores the name of its data file. It is possible for these file references to become corrupted if, for example, records are copied to and from the data directory without using the Directory maintenance facility. When Refresh File List is selected, the application traverses through all the records in the database and checks if their names correspond with the appropriate records in the database.
DIRECTORY MAINTENANCE
The Directory Maintenance windows are used to back up the records in Display Station and to import previously archived records. Previously archived records may be analyzed in DSA32 without importing them into DS32. The Directory Maintenance - Main Directory window shows a list of all the records currently available in the system, displayed with a page per record type as in the main directory window. Clicking on the tab at the top will select the page with the defined record type. Filters are available at the top of each page to limit the visible records and aid the selection of specific events. These work the same way as those on the main directory pages. To select a record, click on the entry in the directory Maintenance directory. To select a number of records, hold down the 'Control' or 'Shift' keys, while clicking the desired
records. To select all the displayed records click on the Select All button at the bottom of the window. The number of displayed records is shown above the directory to the right.
Copy records to Archive Once a number of records have been selected, clicking on this button will copy them to the archive directory. When records are copied to the archive directory, a check is done to ensure that they do not exist already, so that duplicate records do not appear in the archive directory. The copied records are not deleted from the main directory. Use the Delete button to do this. Delete Once records have been selected they can be deleted by clicking the 'Delete' button. Select All Clicking on Select All will select all the displayed records in the list. Copy Use this button to copy the currently selected record entries to the clipboard. From there they may be pasted into a text document (like Word) or spreadsheet (like Excel). Archive Directory The archive directory window shows all the records available in the archive directory. Use this edit box to select a drive and directory to archive records to or from. Either type the path of a directory, use the down arrow at the right hand end to select previous paths or use the Browse button to search the system directory structure. This will open a standard file selection window.
View Archive To view the archive displayed in the Archive Directory box, click on the View Archive button. This will open up the Directory Maintenance - Archive Directory window. The controls in the archive directory are very similar to the main directory. Records may be selected from the archive and copied back to the main directory. The record selection mechanism is the same as the main directory.
Copy records to Main directory Once a number of records have been selected, clicking on this button will copy them to the main directory. When records are copied to the main directory, a check is done to ensure that they do not exist already, so that duplicate records do not appear in the main directory. The copied records are not deleted from the archive directory. Use the Delete button to do this.
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Delete Once records have been selected they can be deleted from the archive by clicking the 'Delete' button. Select All Clicking on Select All will select all the displayed records in the list. Copy Use this button to copy the currently selected record entries to the clipboard. From there they may be pasted into a text document (like Word) or spreadsheet (like Excel). Analyze This button is used to allow archived records to be analyzed by DSA32 without importing them to the main directory.
AUTO-POLL & AUTO-CALL

The Display Station software can be set up to automatically contact any or all of the recorders in the network at a particular time on a selected day of the week. Any new profiles or complete data records will then be automatically transferred to Display Station. The auto-poll window is opened by selecting Auto-poll/call from the System menu. Auto-poll Auto-call DS32 will contact the selected recorders and recover new records Recorders will contact DS32 when a new record is available
Auto-poll
To switch auto-poll on, click the on/off switch at the top left of the window. When switched on, auto-poll will download Transient, Disturbance and Harmonic records according to the criteria specified here. The following options can be selected: Auto-poll date/time The best times to do auto-polling would normally be late at night or early in the morning, so as the cost of the calls are reduced and the data transfers will not interfere with normal daytime telephone traffic. The day of the week to auto-poll can be selected using the drop down box, the default being 'Every day', and the time can be selected using the Time selection beside it. If auto-poll is required more often it may be set to start at the time set by the Time selection every day and repeat every 2, 4, 6 or 12 hours.
Automatic record downloading (Auto-poll & incoming) This section is used to select what to download during an auto-poll connection. To download transient records, select the Transient Download check box. To download disturbance records, select the Disturbance Download check box. Click the Profile button to indicate that only record profiles should be downloaded, or click the 'Profile and Fault Data' to indicate that both profile and fault data should be downloaded. Use Profile and Reduced Data to recover the selected channels, sample rates and times set for each individual recorder. To set these see the chapter on Recorder configuration. Reduced data is available on a TR2000 or TR100+. Retries To select the number of times auto-poll should try to contact a recorder, click on the appropriate button, 0,1 or 2. Auto-poll site list This option is used to select the recorders to be auto-polled. To select a recorder, simply click it to highlight it in the list of recorders. To select all the recorders in a particular region, click on the required region in the Region list box. Auto-poll selections If only one list of recorders is used it will be the Default list. Other lists may be created with different polling times, flags and recorders. All lists that are enabled by their own green button at the top right are active at the same time and will start at their individual start times and days.
Use the New button to start a new list and give it a unique name. All the time and recorder selections will then be valid for that list. To change to another list click on the down arrow at the right of the edit box. To delete a list select the name from the drop down list then click on Delete. Auto-poll and Incoming options Click on the 'Automatically set recorder time to match PC time' check box to update the time on each recorder polled to the time on the polling PC. Click on the 'Automatically run Expert system on new records' check box to run the Expert System after auto-polling. This will classify all the records downloaded and store the results. For more information on this see the Expert System manual Click on the 'Automatically retrieve harmonic records' check box to download harmonic logger records while auto-polling. The logger interval is set for each recorder in the Harmonics configuration window. For more information see the Configuration chapter. Other logger records are not recovered automatically. Click on the Exclude Cross-Triggered records during Auto-poll check box to ignore all cross triggered records. This can be useful at locations where there are many cross triggered recorders to reduce the volume of polled data.
Auto-call
When a recorder connects to DS32 any new records are requested using the downloading and options selections for the Default Auto-poll list. If separate options are required for Auto-poll and Auto-call the Default list may be switched off for Auto-poll and used for Auto-call only. A separate list would be created for Auto-poll only.
AUTO-POLL NOW
The Auto-poll now window can be used to force the system to do an auto-poll immediately. The Auto-poll/call and Auto-poll now windows are almost identical, the difference being that Auto-poll now does not have the date/time facility. When OK is clicked in the 'Autopoll now' window, a poll of all the recorders selected is done immediately. Automatic record downloading (Auto-poll & Auto-call). This option is used to select what to download during an auto-poll connection. To download transient records, select the Transient Download check box. To download disturbance records, select the Disturbance Download check box. Click the Profile button to indicate that only record profiles should be downloaded, or click Profile and Fault Data to indicate that both profile and fault data should be
downloaded. Use Profile and Reduced Data to recover the selected channels, sample rates and times set for each individual recorder. To set these see the chapter on Recorder configuration. Retries To select the number of times auto-poll should try to contact a recorder, click on the appropriate button, 0, 1 or 2. Auto-poll site list This section is used to select the recorders to be auto-polled. To select a recorder, simply click it to highlight it in the list of recorders. To select all the recorders in a particular region, click on the required region in the Region list box. Auto-poll selections If only one list of recorders is used it will be the Default list. If other lists have been created they may be used to Auto-poll now. Use the down arrow at the right of the edit box to select a different poll list. Any recorder may be in more than one Auto-poll list. Auto-poll and Incoming options Click on the 'Automatically set recorder time to match PC time' check box to update the time on each recorder polled to the time on the polling PC. Click on the 'Automatically run Expert system on new records' check box to run the expert system after auto-polling. The expert system will classify all the records downloaded and store the results in the database. Click on the 'Automatically retrieve harmonic records' check box to download harmonic records while auto-polling.
AUTO-POLL DISTURBANCE LOGGER NOW.

This option allows the continuous disturbance logger data to be recovered from a number of recorders.
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Disturbance Logger Start and End These controls are used to set the start and end date/time for the disturbance logger data required. If logger data is not available for the date and time entered here then nothing will be downloaded. Disturbance logger data is available for the previous two weeks. Auto-poll site list This section is used to select the recorders to be auto-polled. To select a recorder, simply click it to highlight it in the list of recorders. To select all the recorders in a particular region, click on the required region in the Region list box. Auto-poll Selections This drop down list box can be used to select a list of recorders to poll. This list will have been set up using the Auto-poll/call dialog see above.
COMMS MANAGER
From version 2.0 of DS32 onwards a number of modems can be used for connection to recorders and these are configured from Windows. The actual procedure used will depend on the operating system (98, 2000, XP). For more information on this see Appendices I (98) or II (2000). If dial up networks or pseudo machines are being used then dial out and dial in connections must be configured by Windows. For more information on this see Appendix III (2000). If the 3Com 56k LAN modem is being used for dial-up networking the configuration is in Appendix IV. If the 3Com LAN modem is to be used for Auto-poll see Appendix V.
Incoming connections If auto-call is being used both network and modem connections can be monitored. For LAN/WAN or dial-up networking select the Listen on TCP/IP box. For direct modem connections select the modem to be used for auto-call connections. Serial port connections For direct serial connections to a recorder select an available Com port from the drop down list then choose the baud rate from the Speed list. The default baud rate for a TR2000, TR100+ and PQR is 57600 bps. The default baud rate for a TR100 is 19200 bps. Connection Parameters For modem and network connections the number of connection retries and retry delays can be set. For each connection type a different Timeout can be set. For most types the default is 45 s. Inactivity timer For any connection an inactivity timeout can be set. This is the amount of time with no data being sent in either direction before the connection is dropped. To use this option check the Use time box and enter the required time in the Disconnect after box. Max sockets For network connections the maximum number of available sockets can be set. This limits the maximum concurrent network connections. The default value is 20.
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Keep parser log For testing, all the recorder commands can be saved in a parser log file. This should not be selected for normal operation. Modems DS32 displays a list of all the modems available for use. To ignore a particular modem click on its name then select Ignore/Use. To check or change the configuration of a modem click on its name then select Configure. This will display the Windows modem connection preferences screen.
DATA DIRECTORY
This menu option displays the directory where the database is stored and the fault records are downloaded. The data directory is set up during installation of Display Station. The data directory may reside on the local machine or on a network file server.
N.B. The data directory is defined when the application is installed and can not be changed by DS32
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SECURITY
There are three security levels in Display Station 32, level 2, level 1 and level 0, each of which allows different access to the programs functionality. Level 2 Level 1 Level 0 Top level access, user can download data, change recorder configurations and delete records. Medium access, user can connect to recorders and download data but cannot change recorder configurations or delete records. Restricted access, user can view data currently on the PC, but cannot connect to recorders or change configurations or delete records.
N.B. If auto-poll has been configured using Level 2 and the security is changed to level 0 Auto-poll will still operate. Auto-poll Now requires Level 1 security. Before any security has been set, Display Station 32 has default security level 2. To set passwords for access to levels 1 & 2, select Security Change Keys from the system menu to display the Change Security Keys window. For security key level 1, enter a password in the New box and the same password in the Confirm New box. For Security Key Level 2, enter a different password. For both Security Key Level 1 and Security Key Level 2, click the Change check box.
Click OK to enter these new security keys. The security of Display Station 32 will now be set at level 0. To change this, select Security Unlock from the system menu to show the Enter Security Access Key Window. Enter the password here of the security level desired. To set the security level back to zero, select Security Lock from the system menu. Change Security Keys This window is used to enter and to change the system's security keys.
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Security Key Level 1 This section can be used to change the key which is used for accessing Security Level 1. Enter the old level 1 security key in the Old box. Then enter the new key in the New edit box and again in the Confirm New box. If the level 1 security key has not been set before then the Old box will be disabled. Click the Change check box to confirm that the level 1 security key should be changed. Security Key Level 2 This section can be used to change the key which is used for accessing Security Level 2. Enter the old level 2 security key in the Old edit box. Then enter the new key in the New box and again in the Confirm New box. If the level 2 security key has not been set before then the Old box will be disabled. Click the Change check box to confirm that the level 2 security key should be changed. Security Unlock Enter the security key for the security level required in the box provided. The security level keys are set in the Change Security Keys window. Security Lock Use this option to lock Display Station 32, i.e. to set its security level to 0.
OPTIONS
There are two functions that are configured in the Options menu. The first determines whether the directory entries are refreshed when Display Station is started. If the number of records is large it may be better to leave this switched off. The file list can be refreshed manually by using the Refresh file list in the System menu.
The second option allows transient records recovered manually or automatically to be automatically exported in COMTRADE format. This is useful if another analysis or display
application is being used. COMTRADE Export Options The automated export can be individually selected for Auto-poll, Auto-call or Manual download by clicking on the relevant check boxes. The data file format (ASCII or binary) is selected by clicking on the required radio button. The destination directory and filename prefix are selected in two edit boxes. The directory selection scheme may be accessed by using the button. The COMTRADE files basically conform to the 1999 standard.
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EDIT MENU
This menu is used to delete records, to import and export COMTRADE files and to edit the recorders network. There are several menu options available: Delete Copy Paste comment Select all Import COMTRADE Export COMTRADE Recorder Network Merge records / Merge records now Communications Status
DELETE
This option is used to delete records from the main window's list of records. To delete a record, firstly select the record by clicking on it and then select Delete from the edit menu (or press the Delete key on the keyboard). Security level 2 is required to do this.
COPY
This option will copy the directory entries for all the selected records to the clipboard. From there it can be copied into any word processor.
PASTE COMMENT
This option will allow the same comment to the added to a number of records at the same time. This could be used for records with the same source like voltage dips and loss of supply.
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IMPORT COMTRADE
This option is used to open COMTRADE files for viewing in Display Station Analysis. When Import COMTRADE is selected, an Open window box is displayed which allows a COMTRADE file to be selected. Once a file is selected, Display Station 32 displays a window showing the header information of the COMTRADE file. Click the Analyze button to analyze the COMTRADE Files using Display Station Analysis.
EXPORT COMTRADE
This option is used to export Display Station 32 records in COMTRADE Format. To export a record, firstly select the record by clicking on it and then select Edit Export COMTRADE. A window is displayed showing the Export directory, Export file prefix and file format (ASCII or Binary). To change any of these details click Change Details. These are the same as the details set in the Options menu option
To export the file click on Export.
RECORDER NETWORK
Display Station 32 stores a list of all the recorders which it can connect to, as well as the connection information for each recorder. The Recorder network window is used to enter and edit this information. When Recorder Network is selected from the Edit menu or the Recorder Network icon is clicked the window below is shown. This includes all the recorders in the network. The display is a Tree control very similar to that used to show folders and files in Windows. All recorders belong to the Recorder Network that is shown as the world symbol at the top of the tree. Below this is a list of regions and each region can contain a number of locations. Regions are used as a convenient way to group a number of locations together. At each location there can be a number of recorders. This aids easier selection from a larger number of recorders. The hierarchical sequence is:Display Station 32 Operation Manual 28
Recorder Network Region Location Recorder The objects contained below a particular level may be hidden or exposed. A + symbol to the left of an icon indicates that there are objects contained in it. To expose these objects click on the + or double click on the icon. The + will change to a -. To hide the objects click on the - or double click on the icon again. Objects are listed in alphabetical order. To add, delete or edit objects right click on the container name. The Enable ToolTips check box at the bottom of the window enables the display of information about an object when the cursor moves over its name.
In the example above the region is called No Region Specified, the location is Never Never Land and the recorders are hook, Smee, Wendy, etc. Recorders without a region will all be listed under No Region Specified.
Region
To create a new region, right click on Recorder Network then select Add region. A new region icon will be added with a default name. To edit the name right click on the region name and select Rename region then enter up to 24 characters to uniquely identify the region. The options available on a right click are:Rename region Add location Remove region
If Remove region is selected an Are you sure message is shown before the region is removed. Any locations at the deleted region are not deleted but moved to the No Region Specified region.
Location
To create a new location, right click on the required region name then select Add location. A new location icon will be added with a default name. To edit the name right click on the location name and select Rename location then enter up to 24 characters to uniquely identify the location. The options available on a right click are:Rename location Remove location Add recorder Add pseudo recorder If Remove location is selected an Are you sure message is shown before the location is removed. For details on the Pseudo Machine see below.
Search Tree
There is a search function as part of the recorder network display which may be used to find a particular region, location or recorder. This is very useful if there are a large number of recorders in the network. To do this enter the name in the text box and click on Search Next. If the full name is not known a partial entry may be used. A number of other options are enabled by checking the relevant box:Whole word This option ensures that a word must match completely before it can be found. The default is that partial matches can be found. Case sensitive If this option is selected upper and lower case letters are treated as being different Search up The normal search order is top down. To search in the opposite direction select this option. Recorder To create a new recorder, right click on the required location name then select Add recorder. A new recorder icon will be added with a default name. To edit the name right click on the recorder name and select Rename recorder then enter up to 24 characters to uniquely identify the recorder.
The options available on a right click are:Edit recorder details Rename recorder Remove recorder If Remove recorder is selected an Are you sure message is shown before the recorder is removed. Edit recorder details Two types of remote connections to a recorder are possible, Dial-Up or TCP/IP. In later versions of Display Station 32 both these types are available if the recorder has support for both peripherals. In this case the preferred method for auto-polling is selected. Dial-Up Recorder Name This is shown here for reference. To change the name in the recorder network return to the Tree diagram. Recorder Type Select the recorder type from TR2000, TR100, TR100+ or PQR. This is used to aid creation of the recorder configuration before a connection has been made. Auto-poll uses: For recorders with two types of remote connection the prefered mechanism for auto-poll is selected by clicking on the required button. Dialing parameters Enter the phone number for the substation including all the required access and area codes. If a DTMF line sharing unit is being used to route calls at a location to the recorder, click the DTMF line sharing unit check box and enter the two digit number to append to the phone number in the Append box. For best results the two digits should be different.
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Login sequence If a serial code switch unit is being used to connect to the recorder, click the 'Command/code serial switching unit' check box. The login sequence is then entered using the 'Insert Line' and 'Delete Line' buttons. To enter a line, click the 'Insert Line' button to bring up the Edit line screen. To delete a line, select the line by clicking on it and then click the 'Delete Line' button. To insert a missing line click on the line after the one to be added then select Insert line. To edit a line double click on it. Create login sequence Some forms of code operated switch require a sequence of commands and responses after a modem call has been answered and before a recorder connection is made. This sequence may be automated using a series of commands. Three types of command are supported: Waitfor Delay Send Wait for the defined string with a time-out Wait for the defined number of seconds Send the defined string
Based on these commands a log on script can be created which will support most switches. An example script for an RFL switch is:waitfor 30 "access." delay 1 send "^M" waitfor 30 "word:" send "LER^M" waitfor 30 "MOTE>"
send "2^M" delay 2 end The ^M sequence represents a carriage return which is equivalent to holding down the Ctrl key and pressing M on a keyboard. Other control characters may be created in this way.
By selecting Insert line from the Recorder details window the three command options are shown. The required command can then be selected and the text string and time-out entered as required. The Delete line option can be used to remove an incorrect entry. To insert a Send command, click the Send button and enter the string to send in the String edit box. To insert a Waitfor command, click the Waitfor button, enter the string to wait for in the String edit box, and enter the time to wait in the Time-out box (1 60 seconds). To insert a Delay command, click the Delay button and enter the time to delay in the Timeout edit box (1-60 seconds). After entering a particular command and its details click on OK. Edit Recorder details - TCP/IP Network parameters IP address A unique IP address must be entered in the IP Address edit box. The IP address is a unique 12 digit number which must be entered in the form: 123.156.189.012 Each group of 3 digits can have a value from 0 255. This address must be the same as that in the recorder configuration network definition. A subnet mask and router address can be entered in the network set up of the recorder configuration. Within a network or intranet IP addresses are normally issued by a system administrator or IT department. An IP address should not be assigned without consulting the relevant authority.
Network parameters Dial Up Networking There is an option to connect to a remote recorder (or recorders) linked to a network using the Dial Up Networking facility in Windows. If this is required the connection should be set up in Windows before entering the recorders into the Recorder Network. For details on setting up Dial Up networking see Appendices III & IV. To choose this option select the dial up connect from the list which is exposed by clicking on the down arrow to the right of the box. This option also requires that a recorder IP address is entered
Login sequence If there is a firewall in the router to access individual recorders a logon script can be created to automatically issue the correct commands and connect to the recorder. If this is required click on the Follow login sequence check box. The creation of a logon script is the same as for a direct modem connection detailed above. If a User name and Password are required for Dial up Networking they should be entered as part of the connection set up in Windows.
Pseudo recorder
A pseudo recorder is a large recorder made up from a number of interconnected standard recorders. This is a special case and the set up and configuration are given below.
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PSEUDO MACHINE
A pseudo machine (PM) allows a number of co-sited recording instruments to be viewed as one large recorder from Display Station. Using this an instrument with up to 160 analogue and 320 digital channels can be created. This allows records to be generated that include all the key signals from a large substation. The constituent recorders of a pseudo machine must be of the same type and must be cross triggered. A common time sync source must be used (GPS, IRIG-B, etc.). The recorders use a local Ethernet network connection. For a network enabled site, the recorders are linked to the LAN. For a site accessible via PSTN, the recorders are connected to a dial-up LAN modem. If more than 4 recorders are used an extra LAN hub can be added. When a PM is added to the Recorder Network it is available for configuring and communications like a normal recorder. A PM can be made from a number of Ametek recorders. Configuration Display Station configures the common parameters in each recorder of a pseudo machine to be identical. These include:Sampling rates Recording times (transient & disturbance) Time & date Peripherals (network) N.B. It is important that individual configurations are not edited. If the pseudo machine configuration is edited using Display Station all the recorders will be updated together. The channels of the individual machines are concatenated so that the maximum channel number available will be up to 160. Display Station looks after arranging that the correct channel configuration is assigned to the correct machine. If 32 channel recorders are used there may be up to 5. If 8 channel recorders are used there may be up to 20. Recorders are not required to have the same channel counts. Communications A PM can be contacted in the same way as standard instruments, either manually or via auto-poll or auto-call. Display Station looks after the fact there are actually a number of instruments that make up the PM. Records recovered from the recorders of a PM are combined to form a single record which is available in the record directory for viewing and analysis in the normal way. All record types are included:Transient records Disturbance records Disturbance logger Long term logger
Harmonics logger Flicker logger Imbalance logger Energy logger
Adding a Pseudo Machine to the Recorder Network

Adding a new PM to Display Station is performed in 3 stages:Use Dial-up Networking in Windows to define the connection to the site. Add the new location and add all the new recorders in Edit Network as normal. Add a pseudo machine at the site and then click and drag each recorder onto the PM. Reorder the recorder sequence if required. This procedure has the advantage that existing recorders can easily be converted into a PM. There may be multiple pseudo machines at a location as well as individual recorders. Dial-up Networking For a PM accessed over a dial up circuit the Dial-Up Networking facility in Windows is used to define the connection details. This is detailed in Appendices III & IV. This is not required if the recorders are available on a WAN/LAN. Add individual recorders Under Edit Recorder Network right click on the location of the PM and select Add Recorder to add the individual recorders that make up a PM. Right click on the default recorder name to change it the required value. Right click again and select Edit Recorder details.
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Enter the recorder IP address and then select the Dial-Up Networking connection from the list. By using the substation as the connection name this is simplified. A login sequence is not normally used for this type of connection. Repeat this for all the recorders that are to make up the PM. Build a Pseudo Machine Now, right click on the location name again and select Add Pseudo recorder. Right click on the new default PM name and select Rename Pseudo Recorder to change the name to the required one. To complete the PM, click and drag the individual recorder names onto the pseudo recorder name. N.B. It is very important that the individual recorders are listed in the correct order as this determines the sequence of the input channels. If the initial order is not correct click on the PM name and select Edit PM details.
The individual recorders are listed in the order they will be used to build the PM. If this is incorrect select an offending recorder name then click on Up or Down to move it to the correct location. When this is complete select OK
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Channel assignments for a PM

Recorder Name Recorder #1 Recorder #2 Recorder #3 Recorder #4 Recorder #5 Individual recorder channel numbers 1 32 1 32 1 32 1 32 1 32 Pseudo recorder channel numbers 1 32 33 64 65 96 97 128 129 160
Configuring Individual Recorders

The individual recorders that make up a pseudo machine must all be configured the same way. In particular, the hardware set up must have:Cross-triggering Network support Common time sync The machine interconnections for a dial-up connected system are shown below. The Modem, Terminal Adapter and Network Hub can all exist in the same unit. These are normally termed a dial-up network modem. Specifically, this could be a product like a 3Com OfficeConnect 56k LAN modem. Up to 4 recorders may be connected to this but more may be included by adding a standard Ethernet hub. N.B. It is important that the network administrator is contacted before selecting the IP addresses and subnet masks for the recorders that make up a PM.
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Cross trigger
MERGE RECORDS NOW

This option may be used to manually initiate the record merging process. Records that have originated from a pseudo machine but have not been merged will now be processed. This process happens automatically after the recorders have been auto-polled. Cross-triggered records that can be merged may have slightly different trigger times.
COMMUNICATIONS STATUS
The status of any active communications process can be seen by clicking on this option. The comms status can also be shown by double clicking on the blue status bar at the bottom of the main window. If a comms process is active the status display can be selected by holding down the <Alt> and then pressing the <Tab> key repeatedly until the Task window shows Communications Status then release both keys. If more than one process is active an extra entry is created for each task. Data includes the machine name, location, job description, step and progress. For file transfers a progress bar is shown. Click on an entry to see the details in the text boxes at the bottom of the window. If only one process is running its details are automatically shown.
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If only one communications task is active the progress can be seen in the status box at the bottom of the main directory window. For a file transfer the number of bytes transferred, the data rate and the time remaining are all displayed. Cancel To cancel a communications process click on its entry in the Status list then press Cancel. An Are you sure message is displayed before jobs are cancelled. Cancel All To cancel all the communications processes press Cancel All. An Are you sure message is displayed before jobs are cancelled. Hide To hide the Status display click on Hide. To show it again double click on the status bar at the bottom of the main menu. To keep the status display on top of any other window check the Always on top box.
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RECORDER MENU
This menu is used to connect to recorders, configure them and to download records from them. Most options are not available until a connection is made. The options available are: Connect Disconnect Configure PQR Set up Wizard Event Log Manual Trigger Transient Records Disturbance Records Harmonic Records Logger Records Disturbance Logger
CONNECT A RECORDER
To connect to a recorder locally or remotely via a modem or network select this option from the menu or click on the icon above. The Recorder Selection window is used to select a recorder for connection. This is identical to the tree control that is used to configure the Recorder Network. There is a heirchical structure of :Recorder Network Regions Locations Recorders
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The objects contained below a particular level may be hidden or exposed. A + symbol to the left of an icon indicates that there are objects contained in it. To expose these objects click on the + or double click on the icon. The + will change to a -. To hide the objects click on the - or double click on the icon again. The Enable ToolTips check box at the bottom of the window enables the display information about an object when the cursor moves over its name. To select a recorder for connection click on its name. Select Connect to make a remote connection or Direct to make a local serial connection. Click 'Cancel' at any time to close the window without connecting. During a connection the status bar at the bottom of the main window shows the progress. At the left are two colored boxes for a manual and automatic connection. The colors indicate:Red Yellow Green No connection active Connection in progress and incomplete Connection complete
Because many connections may be active at the same time the status bar includes a description of the number of connections and jobs active and pending at any time. To view details on individual connections double click on the text box. This will display the Communications Status window. For more details see the section on Communication Status at the end of the chapter on the Edit menu above.
Search Tree
There is a search function as part of the recorder network display which may be used to find a particular region, location or recorder. This is very useful if there are large numbers of recorders in the network. To do this enter the name in the text box and click on Search
Next. If the full name is not known a partial entry may be used. A number of other options are enabled by checking the relevant box :Whole word This option ensures that a word must match completely before it can be found. The default is that partial matches can be found. Case sensitive If this option is selected upper and lower case letters are treated as being different Search up The normal search order is top down. To search in the opposite direction select this option.
Recorder ID Mismatch
This window appears if a connection is made to a recorder, and the name of that recorder has been changed either on the recorder itself or in Display Station 32's network definition, since the last time the recorder was connected.
Recorder identification The Location and Machine Name edit boxes here hold the location and machine name which the recorder has stored in its configuration. Expected Recorder Identification The Location and machine name edit boxes of this section show the location and machine name which Display Station 32 has stored for its recorder in its Network definition. Click on the Update the Recorder button to change the names on the recorder to the same as the names in Display Station 32's Network definition. Click on Update the Network Definition to update the names in Display Station 32's Network definition to the same as the name on the recorder. Click on Ignore to do nothing. In this case, the next time the recorder is connected, this window will appear again.
DISCONNECT RECORDER
To disconnect a connected recorder select this option. It may take a modem several seconds to disconnect.
RECORDER CONFIGURATION
This window is used to select a recorder for configuration. If a recorder is connected then the edits are made on-line with a real time display of recorder input signals. If no connection is active edits are made off-line and may be downloaded to the recorder the next time it is connected. In this case the recorder must be selected. To select the recorder, simply click on the name in the diagram provided and then click Configure to open its Recorder Configuration. The Recorder Selection window is used to select a recorder for configuration. This is identical to the tree control that is used to configure the Recorder Network. There is a heirchical structure of :Recorder Network Regions Locations Recorders The objects contained below a particular level may be hidden or exposed. A + symbol to the left of an icon indicates that there are objects contained in it. To expose these objects click on the + or double click on the icon. The + will change to a -. To hide the objects click on the - or double click on the icon again. The Enable ToolTips check box at the bottom of the window enables the display information about an object when the cursor moves over its name. If off-line edits have been made they may be downloaded to the recorder the next time a connection is made.
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Search Tree
There is a search function as part of the recorder network display which may be used to find a particular region, location or recorder. This is very useful if there are large numbers of recorders in the network. To do this enter the name in the text box and click on Search Next. If the full name is not known a partial entry may be used. A number of other options are enabled by checking the relevant box:Whole word This option ensures that a word must match completely before it can be found. The default is that partial matches can be found. Case sensitive If this option is selected upper and lower case letters are treated as being different Search up The normal search order is top down. To search in the opposite direction select this option.
Local/Remote Configuration Mismatch

This window appears if, when connected to a recorder and Recorder Configure is selected, the configuration stored by Display Station 32 and the Configuration stored by the recorder are different. This may be because the configuration was edited off-line or because another version of DS32 was used to change the configuration.
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Click Update the RECORDER configuration to update the configuration on the recorder to the same as that stored by Display Station. Click Update the LOCAL configuration to update the configuration on Display Station to the same as that stored by the recorder. If there is doubt about the configuration it is normally better to update the local copy. If there is any concern about the validity of a current configuration this option can be forced by holding down the Shift key while clicking on Configure. The Recorder or Local configuration may then be updated to ensure they are identical.
RECORDER CONFIGURATION
The recorder configuration window is used to view and change the set-up parameters of a recorder. Recorder configurations can be changed in two modes, on-line and off-line. With on-line configuration, the recorder is connected to the host PC. In this mode, any changes made to the configuration are updated on the recorder as soon as Setup is selected. With off-line configuration, a copy of the configuration changes is kept until the recorder is connected, when the user will be prompted as to whether to update or not. Some of the options in the recorder configuration window will be disabled depending on the type of recorder being configured and whether on-line or off-line.
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Hardware This section describes the type of recorder connected or selected. The recorder type and model, the number of channels, whether a battery is installed, the frequency of the mains supply and software revision number are all displayed. Recorder Identification The location and machine name are used to identify each recorder uniquely. Memory The indicator bar in this section shows how much of the recorders memory (including hard disk) is currently used up (on-line only). The Total and Free numbers indicate how many seconds of potential transient recording time there are on the recorder and how many seconds of potential recording time are currently available. The On Memory Full set of radio buttons are used to specify what to do if memory on the recorder becomes full. Three possibilities can be selected: Stop Overwrite Overwrite read stop recording. overwrite the memory starting from the oldest record. overwrite the memory starting from records marked as read.
Acquisition
This section is used to specify general recording parameters for the recorder being
configured. The parameters can be specified for transient and disturbance records (TR2000 & TR100+). If the extended waveform capture option is available on the PQR it may also be edited. If not, the values are 4, 12, 0, 1. Transient Pre-fault Min post-fault Safety window Max record size Disturbance Pre-fault Min post-fault Safety window Max record size Recording times Pre-fault (Trans) Min post-fault Safety window Max record length Pre-fault (Dist) Min post-fault Safety window Max record length Number of seconds to show before disturbance occurred Number of seconds to show during a disturbance Number of 'normal' seconds which must occur after a disturbance so that the fault can be assumed over The maximum size of a record in seconds TR100 2 600 c 8 100 c 0 16 c 1 60 s NA NA NA NA TR100+ 2 300 c 8 100 c 0 16 c 1 30 s 2 600 s 4 300 s 0 120 s 10 1200 s TR2000 2 600 c 8 100 c 0 16 c 1 60 s 10 600 s 30 300 s 0 120 s 60 1800 s PQR * 4 30 c 4 50 c 0 20 c 12s 1 10 s 1 10 s 0 20 s 1 2 s Number of cycles to show before a fault occurred Minimum number of cycles to show during a fault Number of 'normal' cycles that must occur after a fault so that it can be assumed to be over The maximum size of a record in seconds
* PQR requires the Extended Waveform option to modify the transient recording times
Sample Rate
This section is used to set the rate at which the recorder will sample the data on each channel TR100 For TR100 recorders the sample rate varies from 1.2kHz to 9.6 kHz (at 50Hz) or 1.44kHz to 11.52kHz (at 60 Hz). To adjust the sample rate, simply select a new sample rate from the drop down list box. The box to the right of the list box shows the equivalent of the
sample rate in samples per cycle (24, 48, 96 or 192). TR100+ For TR100+ recorders the sample rate varies from 3.2kHz to 12.8 kHz (at 50Hz) or 3.84kHz to 15.36kHz (at 60Hz). To adjust the sample rate, simply select a new sample rate from the drop down list box. The box to the right of the list box shows the equivalent of the sample rate in samples per cycle (64, 128 or 256). TR2000 For TR2000 recorders, the sample rate can vary from 4.8 kHz to 195 kHz. The TR2100 can sample up to 19.2 kHz (50Hz) or 23.5kHz (60Hz). The TR2200 can sample up to 195kHz. The edit box to the right of the drop down list box shows the equivalent of this sample rate in samples per cycle. For TR2000 recorders, the rate at which digital samples are sampled can be set independently of analog channels. To select a new digital sample rate, select the required rate from the 'Digital sub counter' drop down list box. PQR For the PQR the sample rate is fixed at 128 samples per cycle. This is equivalent to 6.4 kHz for 50 Hz supply frequency or 7.68 kHz at 60 Hz.
Setup or Save Button

Click on the Setup or 'Save' button to save any changes made either locally (off-line) or to the connected recorder (on-line)
Cancel Button
Click the 'Cancel Button' to close the window and disregard any changes made.
Important Configuration note

A warning appears if, when connected to a TR100 with no hard disk, changes are made to the sample rate which will affect the records already on the recorder. This is because if the recorder has no hard disk, then the configuration is not stored separately for each record. Click OK to proceed despite the warning. Click Skip to cancel this particular change.
HARMONICS CONFIGURATION TR100

This window is used to set up the parameters for recording harmonic data. The configuration is different for TR100 and TR2000, TR100+ or PQR instruments.
Measurement Group Use the phase group drop down list box to choose which phase group should be used for recording harmonics. Timing A recorder can be set up to record harmonic data on a weekly or a monthly basis. To set up weekly recording, click on the 'week' radio button and select a weekday from the drop down list box. To set up monthly recording, click the month radio button and type in a day of the month in the edit box provided. Enter the time of day for the harmonic recording to start in the Start Time edit boxes provided. In the 'Number of Samples' edit box enter the number of harmonic samples required. Samples can be taken every 10, 30 or 60 minutes. The total time being recorded is displayed in the blue edit box at the bottom of the window.
HARMONICS CONFIGURATION TR2000, TR100+ & PQR

A TR2000, TR100+ & PQR records harmonics over all phase groups continuously. This creates an harmonic log which may be recovered manually or automatically during autopoll. Automatic recovery is enabled in the auto-poll menu and the individual parameters are set in each recorder.
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Record retrieval times This states the number of hours of harmonic data to be retrieved when the recorder is autopolled. The number of hours is counted back from the current time. Record interval This specifies the intervals at which the harmonics data is retrieved. Choose from 10, 30 or 60 minutes. The default is 10 minutes. Record Format Use this section to select the data to retrieve for each harmonic. The options available are: Average Max, Min, Average Max, Min, Average, Magnitude & angle Magnitude, Angle Average magnitude of Harmonics over a specified time period. Max, Min and Average magnitude of Harmonics over a specified time period. Max, Min and Average magnitude of Harmonics over a specified time period and Magnitude and angle at the start of that period. Magnitude and angle of Harmonics at the start of each specific time period.
The TR100+ records the average harmonic values. Maximum number of Harmonics Use this edit box to enter the maximum number of harmonics to retrieve. Allowed values are 1- 64.
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RECORD REDUCTION TRANSIENT (TR2000 & TR100+)

This section can be used to reduce the amount of transient record data downloaded from a recorder during auto-poll, auto-call or a manual connection. The data specified here is selected from the records of the recorder. The complete records are left on the recorder and can be downloaded at a later stage if required.
Channel Selection The two list boxes in this section allow channels to be selected for download. To select a channel, click on it. To select multiple channels hold down the 'Shift' or 'Control' keys while clicking on the channel names. Sample rate Use the drop down list box to select a sample rate for the reduced data. The samples per cycle for the selected sample rate is shown in the edit box to the right. Record Length Use the pre-fault edit box to set the number of pre-fault cycles to return. This is taken immediately before the trigger point (range 2 - 100). Use the post-fault edit box to set the number of post fault cycles to return. This is taken from immediately after the trigger point. (range 2-100).
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RECORD REDUCTION DISTURBANCE (TR2000 & TR100)

This section can be used to reduce the amount of disturbance record data downloaded from a recorder during auto-poll, auto-call or a manual connection. The data specified here is selected from the records of the recorder. The complete records are left on the recorder and can be downloaded at a later stage if required.
Channel Selection The list box in this section allows channels to be selected for download. To select a channel, click on it. To select multiple channels hold down the 'Shift' or 'Control' keys while clicking on the channel names. Record Length Use the pre-fault edit box to set the number of pre-fault seconds to return. This is taken immediately before the trigger point (range 10 - 600). Use the post-fault edit box to set the number of post fault seconds to return. This is taken from immediately after the trigger point (range 30-300). Digital data (TR2000 & TR100+) Check this box to include the digital data with the record. This can be viewed in SER format from the record header window. Sample rate The effective sample rate can be reduced from 100 samples per second to 50 or 25. For a 60 Hz system the value is reduced from 120 to 60 or 30.
RECORD REDUCTION DISTURBANCE LOGGER (TR2000)

Channel Selection The list box in this section allows channels to be selected for download. To select a channel, click on it. To select multiple channels hold down the 'Shift' or 'Control' keys while clicking on the channel names.
SYSTEM CLOCK
The system clock window is used for checking the time and date of a recorder and setting it to the same time as the local PC. The System time display shows the time on the recorder and the Local Time display shows the time on the PC. The Adjustment display shows the difference between the two.
Click on the Adjust System Time button to set the recorder time to the same time as the PC. This can only be done on a TR2000 if there is no GPS clock present. If there is a GPS clock there will be a G after the time if it locked to GPS time or an X if there is not. Recorders with serial time code inputs may be updated but the time will revert to the serial code if it is present and valid. When the time is locked to a serial time code there will be an L after the time. An automatic time update can be done during Auto-poll. For more information
see the section on Auto-poll. If the PC running DS32 has daylight saving (DLS) enabled then the recorders that are synchronized from it will also include DLS. A TR2000 that is synchronised to GPS will not include DLS. If DLS is required the GMT Deviation value should be changed by one hour to suit. GMT Deviation (TR2000) This is used for expressing the time difference between the recorder and UTC that is the time derived from the GPS receiver in the TR2000. This is the time zone the recorder is in relative to GMT; e.g. the GMT deviation for the east coast of USA is 5:00 hours or -300 minutes if there is no DLS active.
INPUT CHANNEL SELECTION

This window is used to set up the parameters of the input channels of the recorder. For TR100 recorders, Analog channels, Digital Channels, Phase groups and frequency channels can be set up. For TR2000, TR100+ & PQR recorders line groups can also be set up, i.e. the combination of the voltage and current for a particular line or feeder. The Input Channel Selection Window has six possible sections: Analog channels Digital channels (TR100, TR100+ & TR2000) Phase Groups Frequency Line Group (PQR, TR100+ & TR2000) Phasor display (TR2000 optional)
Analog channels
This section shows a list of the analog channels available. To change the settings of a channel, click on it in the list. The values stored for that channel will then appear in the edit boxes below. To change a setting, click on the appropriate edit box and enter the new value as required. The setting will change in the list of analog values above. A block of channels may be selecting using <Shift> while clicking the end of the list. Alternatively, multiple channels may be selected by holding down <Ctrl> while clicking on the channel names. Identification This 16 character name is used to identify each channel with meaningful text. Nominal This parameter is the normal RMS line voltage or current. This is used when values that are
displayed as a percentage of nominal or PU are required such as trigger levels. Neutral current channels should be given a non zero value so as PU triggers can be set.
Full scale The maximum RMS line level must be specified as this is used as the scaling factor for each analog channel. The value for a voltage channel is: VT primary * 212.13 / VT secondary For a current channel with an interposing CT the maximum level is: CT primary * 1.41412 / ( CT secondary / ratio * burden ) For a current channel with a shunt resistor the maximum level is : CT primary * 1.41412 / ( CT secondary * shunt ) The full-scale levels for a current channel should be specified to be at least as large as the maximum expected fault current. For transducer inputs the full scale value is the maximum value corrected for the input voltage level. This is 300V for a voltage type or 2V for a current type. The TR2000 and TR100+ have a 12V max. input level available. Other input levels can be specified for these recorders for special applications. The full-scale level value may be adjusted slightly to correct for errors in transformer ratios, amplifier gains, etc. If a reliable RMS signal level is known for an input voltage or current and it differs from the value shown in the analog channel trigger display the value
can be corrected by adjusting the full scale level thus : New full scale = Old full scale * measured value / required value Care should be taken when correcting current channels as normal load current levels are small compared to the full-scale value. For VT (PT) or CT signals the Full Scale would normally be quoted as a primary value. Units This 8 character text string would normally be chosen from: A, kA, V or kV or may be any valid engineering unit. It is passed with the record data to the display and analysis program (Display Station Analysis) so that data are displayed in real units. Frequency Channel (TR2000) Use this list box to select the frequency channel to use for calculations for the selected channel. The calculation of RMS and harmonic levels are slightly affected by changes in system frequency. By selecting a frequency channel these effects are minimized. This correction is automatically set for the TR100+ & PQR. Channel Set-up (TR2000 & TR100+) Use this list box to define the input signal as either AC or DC or OFF. Defining a signal as AC or DC is used to determine whether the Full Scale value is an RMS quantity. Inputs from normal VTs and CTs are AC and most transducers are DC. By defining an input as OFF the input data will not be processed, downloaded or included in a fault record. This saves communications bandwidth and disk storage space. Phase Correction (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) Use this input to enter the phase correction value associated with an interposing CT. This value is used to correct RMS and vector calculations for power and impedance. The procedure for this is included with the calibration manual.
Digital channel (TR100, TR100+ & TR2000)

This section is used to set the parameters of the recorder's digital channels. To change a channel, click on it in the list of digital channels. The parameters of that channel will be reflected in the controls below. Altering these controls will change the parameters for the channel selected. A block of channels may be selecting using <Shift> while clicking the end of the list. Alternatively, multiple channels may be selected by holding down <Ctrl> while clicking on the channel names
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Identification This 16 character name is used to identify each channel with meaningful text. Normal state The normal state of the input contact is defined by clicking on either the Open or Closed buttons. For a normally closed input there is current flowing through the input circuit. Profiling When the recorder analyzes a data record to extract the profile it logs all the transitions on the digital channels that have profiling switched on. If timing data are not required profiling can be disabled. In Use (TR2000) Use this radio button to turn an unused channel off completely.
Phase Groups
To help the graphical display of recorded data and for sequence component triggering, the channels that make up a three-phase voltage or current group must be defined. Four phase groups can be defined in a 16 channel system and two are possible in an 8 channel one. The phase group section consists of a list of the phase groups already defined and a group of controls used for selecting the channels for each group. When a phase group is selected
its channels will appear in the drop down list boxes below. All phase groups should be defined even if they are not used.
Phase Group Channels Use this section to select the appropriate channels for each phase group. Once a change is made, it is shown immediately in the list above. N.B. It is important for correct sequence component triggering that the channels selected for the A, B & C phases are in positive sequence order. Phase Group Name This 16 character name is used to identify the phase group with meaningful text. Click in the label box and then enter the name from the keyboard. Voltage Set-up (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) Use this radio button to set the type of voltage measurements being made as either phase to phase or phase to neutral. This controls the computation of power. Flicker phase group (TR2000) This option defines the voltage phase group that is used to record flicker in a TR2000. If the current configuration belongs to a pseudo recorder then a Flicker Phase Group may be set up for each individual recorder. To select the range of phase groups to pick from click on the down arrow to the right of the Edit box then click on the required range.
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Frequency channel
An analog channel is defined for measuring system frequency. A TR100, TR100+ & PQR recorder allows one frequency channel to be specified and a TR2000 allows two. To select a channel for recording the frequency, simply select it from the appropriate drop down list box. To ensure an accurate frequency measurement a voltage input is better than a current and phase phase is better than phase neutral.
Analogue channel range (PM) If the current configuration belongs to a pseudo recorder then frequency channels may be set up for each individual recorder. To select the range of Analogue channels to pick from click on the down arrow to the right of the Edit box then click on the required range.
Line Group (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

A line group is made up of two phase groups, one voltage, the other current, both from the same line. This is used to compute power and impedance. To edit a line group, select it from the list box at the top of the window and use the controls below to change it. All line groups should be defined even if they are not used. Name This 16 character name is used to identify each channel with meaningful text.
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Definition This section enables the selection of the phase groups for each line group: Voltage Phase Current Phase Voltage Neutral Current Neutral Select a voltage phase group for the line group selected from the drop down list box. The units must be V or kV. Select a current phase group for the line group selected from the drop down list box. The units must be A or kA. Select a channel for recording of the neutral voltage. If none is available select (none). Select a channel for recording of the neutral current. If none is available select (none).
Phasor Display (TR2000 with synchrophasor option)

This window is used to set up a TR2000 recorder for exporting PMU data using the IEEE C37.118 format and for making differential synchrophasor measurements. Differential synchrophasor triggering In the Phasor display configuration screen there are two sections, Local and Remote. The Local section refers to the recorder that is currently being configured. The Remote section refers to the other recorder that is being used to make the measurements. The details of the Remote section will only be displayed if the other recorder is currently connected and set up correctly. Both recorders receive PMU data from the remote end and compute the absolute angle difference and rate of change of angle difference.
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C37.118 IEEE Standard for Synchrophasors When configured, the TR2000 will respond to requests for Header and Configuration frames. The Data frames are on by default but may be turned off by using the Data Off command. The Phasor data is in signed 16 bit integer Cartesian format. For more information on the implementation of the C37.118 standard see the TR2000 Application note on Synchrophasor Output
Information Header Station Name ID These three fields uniquely identify the recorder. To edit the Header text click on the square button to the left. The communications format conforms to IEEE C37.118 that has not yet been ratified. Baud Rate The Baud rate at which the two recorders are set. The same rate must be set at both ends of the line. When selected, the communications link is made from the Remote comms connector at the rear of the TR2000. Period The period is used to set the rate at which synchrophasor data frames are sent and received. As this value gets lower, the sample rate gets higher. The same period must be set at both ends of the line. The unit of period is one hundredth of a supply cycle; i.e. a period of 200 would output a PMU data frame every 2 cycles. These frames are synchronized to the 1PPS
frame marker from the GPS receiver. Phase Group This section is used to set the Phase Groups that will be monitored by the recorder. To select a phase group click 'Add'. To remove a phase group, click on it to select it and then click on 'Remove'. The order in which phase groups are added is important. When differential phasor triggering is being used, the phase group at the local end is compared with the phase group at the remote end that has the same number. The maximum number of phase groups is 10. Differential synchrophasor triggering is set up in the Disturbance Triggers - Phase Difference window. Analogs This section is used to select analog channels to be included in the PMU output frame. These would normally be inputs that are not used in the generation of the selected Phase Groups. To select an analogue channel click 'Add'. To remove a channel, click on it to select it and then click on 'Remove'. Analog channels are not used for differential triggering. Digitals This section is used to select the digital channels to be included in the PMU output frame. To select a digital channel click 'Add'. To remove a digital channel, click on it to select it and then click on 'Remove'.
TRANSIENT TRIGGER SETTINGS

This window is used to set up the conditions that will make a recorder recognize a fault condition and transient record. There are five categories of transient trigger setting:Analog Trigger Digital Trigger Phase group trigger Frequency Trigger External trigger (PQR)
Analog Trigger Settings

Four types of triggering can be set for the analog channels: Over Trigger, Under Trigger, Rate of Change and THD (or Sub-cycle drop out for a TR100). Each of these types of triggering can be enabled or disabled using an On/Off button. The Over and Under triggers each have a triggered state indicator to the right of the controls. When a recorder is connected, if either of the level trigger values would cause a trigger condition, then this indicator turns red as a warning. This is an indication only and
may not be accurate if the waveform is distorted. Analog Channel Use this box to select the analog channel for which the triggering levels are to be set. Once a channel is selected, the controls below reflect the trigger settings for that channel. More than one channel can be set up at one time. To select multiple channels hold down the Ctrl or Shift keys and click on the channel names. Over Trigger The Over Trigger sets a high threshold which, when exceeded by a single cycle RMS level of the channel, causes a trigger condition. The trigger condition will continue as long as the signal is over the threshold level. To change the threshold level, adjust the value in the % edit box. The blue background box shows the actual RMS value that the channel will have to reach before triggering. The threshold is calculated as a percentage of the channels nominal value.
Under Trigger The Under Trigger sets a low threshold which, when dipped below by a single cycle RMS level of the channel, causes a trigger condition. The trigger condition will continue as long as the signal is under the threshold level. To change the threshold level, adjust the value in the % edit box. The blue background box shows the actual value that the channel will have to dip below before triggering. The threshold is calculated as a percentage of the channels nominal value.
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Hysteresis The hysteresis edit boxes for both Over Trigger and Under Trigger, holds the difference between the levels required to initiate and terminate a level trigger. The value is defined as a percentage of the channels nominal value. For example, a 150% over trigger with a 5% hysteresis requires the input level to exceed 150% of the nominal value to start a trigger condition and a level of less than 145% to end it. Hysteresis is most useful for stopping multiple triggers being generated if the signal level is close to the trigger level. Rate of change trigger Two values are required to define a rate of change trigger. The percentage change in the input level and the number of cycles over which the change is measured. The percentage is that of the pre-fault level so the absolute change is smaller for smaller signals. The minimum change that will trigger a record is equivalent to 1% of the full scale value. The change may be positive or negative. These values can be altered using the two edit boxes provided. This is a more sensitive mode than threshold triggering as it is independent of normal input variations, i.e. the daily and annual cycles of load current. For correct operation the pre-fault length must be longer than the duration of the rate of change. Rate of change triggering is based on a peak signal measurement in the TR100 and an RMS signal in the TR2000, TR100+ and PQR. Sub Cycle Drop Out (TR100) This trigger mode allows very subtle single cycle distortion events to be recorded. The purity of the input signal is measured and variations are recorded as a percentage difference in the area of the input signal relative to a sinusoidal waveform with the same peak amplitude. The difference can be set using the edit box provided, the minimum being 5%. For this trigger mode the trigger point is marked as the start of the half cycle that contains the variation. Total Harmonic Distortion (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) This trigger mode allows the TR2000, TR100+ & PQR to be used for quality monitoring. The maximum permissible level of THD can be set for each channel. THD is computed using the fundamental and RMS values every half cycle. This trigger will respond to single cycle events. Waveform Display If a recorder is currently connected then the display to the right of the trigger setting controls shows the signal from the currently selected channel. If Over and Under triggers are enabled then they appear on the display as blue and green lines respectively. If hysteresis values are set then these levels are indicated by dashed lines. At the bottom of the display, two edit boxes show the signals RMS value, in real units and as a percentage of the defined nominal value. This is an estimate based on peak values and
may not be accurate if the waveform is distorted.
Digital Triggering
Several parameters can be set to control digital triggering. A list box shows a list of the digital channels available. To edit the trigger settings for a digital channel, select it in this list box. More than one channel can be set up at one time. To select multiple channels hold down the Ctrl or Shift keys and click on the channel names. Channel details The channel edit box shows the name of the channel currently selected. The State edit box shows the current state of the channel, either Normal or Alarm, if a recorder is currently connected. The On/Off button can be used to enable or disable triggering on the selected channel. Trigger type If level triggering is selected, triggering occurs when the channel goes from normal to alarm state and keeps recording until the channel returns to normal state. If edge triggering is selected and the Return to Normal check box is checked, then both the Normal to Alarm and Alarm to Normal changes will generate a minimum length record. Debounce A debounce value may be set for all the digital input channels. This can be from 1 to 10 ms. Inputs must remain stable for this time before a change of state is recognized. The transition time is taken as the original change of state.
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Phase Group Trigger Settings

Five types of triggering can be set for the phase groups: Zero Sequence, Negative Sequence, Positive Sequence (over and under), and Rate of Change. (TR2000 & TR100+). Each of these types of triggering can be enabled or disabled using an On/Off button. The Zero Sequence, Negative Sequence and Positive Sequence triggers each have a triggered state indicator When a recorder is connected, if any of the set values of the triggers would causing a trigger condition, then this indicator becomes red as a warning. Phase Group Channel This drop down list box holds a list of the phase groups for the recorder. To edit the trigger settings for a phase group, select it from the list box to display its constituent channels (A, B & C) and the nominal value for the first channel (100% = ). This nominal value is used as a reference for calculating the thresholds of the phase group triggers. More than one channel can be set up at one time. To select multiple channels hold down the Ctrl or Shift keys and click on the channel names. Zero Sequence Trigger The zero sequence value is calculated by adding the three components of the phase group with no vector rotation. In a balanced system the result will be zero. Use the edit box to enter a percentage of the nominal, which the magnitude of the result should exceed before a fault is triggered. In the TR2000 and TR100+ this can be set to a resolution of 0.1%. Negative Sequence Triggering The negative sequence value is calculated by adding the three components of the phase group with negative vector rotation. In a balanced system the result will be zero. Use the edit box to enter a percentage of the nominal, which the magnitude of the result should exceed before a fault is triggered. In the TR2000 and TR100+ this can be set to a resolution of 0.1%. Positive Sequence Triggering (TR2000 & TR100+) The positive sequence value is calculated by adding the three components of the phase group with positive vector rotation. In a balanced system the result will equal the nominal value. Use the Over Trigger edit box to enter a percentage of the nominal that the magnitude of the result should exceed before a transient record is triggered. Use the Under Trigger edit box to enter a percentage of the nominal that the magnitude of the result should dip below before a transient record is triggered.
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Rate Of Change Trigger (TR2000 & TR100+) The Rate of Change trigger is calculated from the rate of change of the result of the positive sequence trigger. Use the edit box to enter the percentage by which the rate of change must change before causing a trigger situation. In the Cycles edit box, enter the number of cycles across which the rate of change should be calculated. Waveform Display If a recorder is currently connected then the display to the right of the trigger setting controls shows the signals from the selected phase group. Below the display the computed positive, zero and negative sequence levels are displayed.
Frequency Triggering
This section is used to edit the conditions that will cause a trigger on the channels that have been set up as frequency channels. Each of the types of frequency triggering can be enabled or disabled using an On/Off button.
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A TR2000 recorder can have two frequency channels, a TR100 and TR100+ only one. If a TR100 or TR100+ configuration is being edited, then the 'Frequency measurement channel 2' and 'Frequency difference' sections are disabled. Frequency measurement channel 1 & 2 Both of these sections have identical functions. Channel 1 (or Channel 2) shows the name of the channel, which has been selected to act as the frequency channel. Current Frequency shows the frequency currently being measured if a recorder is connected. Under Trigger Use the under trigger edit box to enter a lower frequency limit. If a frequency is recorded which is less than this for greater than two cycles then the recorder will be triggered. Over Trigger Use the Over trigger edit box to enter a upper frequency limit. If a frequency is recorded which exceeds this for greater than two cycles then the recorder will be triggered. Rate of change trigger Two values are required to define a rate of change of frequency trigger; the change in absolute frequency and the number of cycles over which the change is measured. The maximum interval for rate of change is 1 second (50 cycles). Both positive and negative changes are recorded. Only changes within 40 - 60 Hz are accepted for a 50 Hz system and only changes within 50 70Hz are accepted for a 60Hz system.
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Frequency difference (TR2000) Current frequency difference shows the difference in frequency between frequency channel 1 and frequency channel 2 if a recorder is currently connected. Frequency difference trigger (TR2000) In this edit box enter a value in Hz. that the difference in frequencies of frequency channel 1 and frequency channel 2 must exceed to cause a frequency difference trigger. Analogue channel range (PM) If the current configuration belongs to a pseudo recorder then triggering for frequency channels may be set up for each individual recorder. To select the range of Analogue channels to pick from click on the down arrow to the right of the Edit box then click on the required range. For Frequency difference triggering the two source channels must be in the same recorder.
External trigger (PQR)

The PQR has a digital input that is used to trigger the recorder. This input is not recorded. The normal state of the input is selected with a radio button. A normally closed contact has current flowing through the input circuit. To enable the external trigger select the On/Off button.
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DISTURBANCE TRIGGER SETTINGS (TR2000)

This window is used to set up the conditions that will make a TR2000 recorder recognize a disturbance fault. There are eight categories into which these trigger settings fall: Analog Fundamental Power Voltage Imbalance Power Factor Impedance Power oscillation Frequency oscillation Phase difference (synchrophasor) Each trigger category is on a different page with a tab at the top. Click on the tab to select the page.
Analog Fundamental
This section can be used to set up a recorder to trigger on changes to the fundamental of an analog channel. There are three types of trigger available: Over trigger, Under Trigger and Rate of Change Trigger. Each of these can be enabled or disabled by toggling the appropriate On/Off button.
Analog Channel Use this drop down list box to select the analog channel to alter. The settings of the selected channel will be entered in the controls below.
Over Trigger If the magnitude of the fundamental rises above the value specified here, then a disturbance will be triggered. In the edit box provided enter the trigger value as a percentage of the nominal for that channel. The actual trigger value will appear in the blue edit box to the right. Under Trigger If the magnitude of the fundamental falls below the value specified here, then a disturbance will be triggered. In the edit box provided enter the trigger value as a percentage of the nominal for that channel. The actual trigger value will appear in the blue edit box to the right. The hysteresis edit box for both Over Trigger and Under Trigger, holds the difference between the levels required to initiate and terminate a level trigger. The value is defined as a percentage of the nominal input. For example, a 150% over trigger with a 5% hysteresis requires the input level to exceed 150% of the nominal input value to start a trigger condition and a level of less than 145% to end it. Hysteresis is most useful in stopping multiple triggers being generated if the signal level is close to the trigger level. Rate of Change Trigger This is a measure of the rate of change of the fundamental. In the edit box provided enter the amount by which the fundamental must change as a percentage of the nominal. In the cycles edit box, enter the number of cycles over which this change must occur. Both positive and negative changes are detected.
Power Trigger
This section can be used to set up a recorder to trigger on variations of power a line group. There are several types of trigger available. Each of which can be enabled or disabled by toggling the appropriate On/Off button.
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Line Group Channel The line groups which were set up in the Line Group section of the Input Channels window are displayed in the Line Group Channel list box. To set a power trigger for a line group, firstly select it from this list box and then use the controls below to set the trigger condition. Apparent Power Over Trigger The over trigger allows an upper limit to be set for the apparent power. This limit is set as a percentage of the nominal apparent power using the up/down arrow buttons. When apparent power exceeds this level, a disturbance record will be triggered. Under trigger The over trigger allows a lower limit to be set for the apparent power. This limit is set as a percentage of the nominal apparent power using the up/down arrow buttons. When apparent power drops below this level, a disturbance record will be triggered. Rate of change trigger This setting is a measurement of how much the apparent power changes over a number of cycles. Use the % edit box to set how much the apparent power must change and the 'Cycles' edit box to set the number of cycles over which this change must occur to cause a disturbance trigger. Both positive and negative changes are detected.
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Real Power Over trigger The over trigger allows an upper limit to be set for the real power. This limit is set as a percentage of the nominal real power using the up/down arrow buttons. When real power exceeds this level, a disturbance record will be triggered. Under trigger The over trigger allows a lower limit to be set for the real power. This limit is set as a percentage of the nominal real power using the up/down arrow buttons. When real power drops below this level, a disturbance record will be triggered. Rate of change trigger This setting is a measurement of how much the real power changes over a number of cycles. Use the '%' edit box to set how much the real power must change and the 'Cycles' edit box to set the number of cycles over which this change must occur to cause a disturbance trigger. Both positive and negative changes are detected. Reactive Power Over trigger The over trigger allows an upper limit to be set for the reactive power. This limit is set as a percentage of the nominal reactive power using the up/down arrow buttons. When reactive power exceeds this level, a disturbance record will be triggered. Rate of change trigger This setting is a measurement of how much the reactive power changes over a number of cycles. Use the '%' edit box to set how much the reactive power must change and the 'Cycles' edit box to set the number of cycles over which this change must occur to cause a disturbance trigger.
Voltage Imbalance
Voltage imbalance is the ratio of the negative phase sequence over the positive phase sequence expressed as a percentage. Line Group Channel Use the Line Group Channel drop down list box to select the required line group.
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Over Trigger Use the up/down arrows to adjust the voltage imbalance ratio. Use the on/off button to enable or disable this trigger.
Power Factor
This section is used to set the conditions that will cause a disturbance record to be triggered due to a change in the power factor of a line. Line Group Channel Use the Line Group Channel drop down list box to select the required line group. The trigger details of the selected line group will be displayed in the controls below. There are three sets of controls for both the True Power factor and the Displacement Power Factor True Power Factor Upper Limit Use the arrow buttons to set an upper limit to the true power factor. If the power factor rises above this limit for the selected line group, a disturbance trigger will occur. Lower Limit Use the arrow buttons to set a lower limit to the power factor. If the power factor falls below this limit for the selected line group, a disturbance trigger will occur.
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Rate of Change Use these controls to set a trigger on the variation of the power factor. The left most box is used to set the percentage by which the power factor must vary. The right most box is used to set the number of cycles over which this variation must occur for a trigger to be started. For example if these are set to 10% over 2 cycles, there must be a 10 % variation within 2 cycles for the trigger to happen.
Displacement Power Factor Upper Limit Use the arrow buttons to set an upper limit to the displacement power factor. If the displacement power factor rises above this limit for the selected line group, a trigger will occur. Lower Limit Use the arrow buttons to set a lower limit to the displacement power factor. If the displacement power factor falls below this limit for the selected line group, a trigger will occur. Rate of Change Use these controls to set a trigger on the variation of the displacement power factor. The left most box is used to set the percentage by which the displacement power factor must vary. The right most box is used to set the number of cycles over which this variation must occur for a trigger to be started. For example if these are set to 10% over 2 cycles, there must be a 10 % variation within 2 cycles for the trigger to happen. Both positive and negative changes are detected.
Impedance
This section can be used to set up the TR2000 recorder to trigger due to impedance changes in a line group. There are three trigger types: Over Trigger, Under Trigger and Rate of Change Trigger. Each of these can be enabled or disabled using the appropriate On/Off button. Line Group channel Use the drop down list box to select a line group. Once selected, the line group's impedance trigger settings will be reflected in the controls below.
Over Trigger A 'nominal' value is calculated for the line group's impedance from the nominal voltage and current of that group. In the edit box provided enter the percentage of the nominal impedance which the line group's impedance must exceed before an impedance trigger will occur Under Trigger A 'nominal' value is calculated for the line group's impedance from the nominal voltage and current of that group. In the edit box provided enter the percentage of the nominal impedance which the line group's impedance must dip below before an impedance trigger will occur. Rate of Change Trigger This is a measure of the rate of change of the impedance. In the edit box provided, enter a percentage of the nominal by which the impedance must change. In the cycles edit box,
enter the number of cycles within which this change must occur to cause a trigger.
Power Oscillation
This window is used to set up triggers to trigger the recorder on power oscillations. The phase groups to be used for each line group measurement are specified in the Input channels - Line Group window. Line Group Channel This drop down list box is used to specify for which Line Group triggers are to be set. When a line group is selected here, its trigger values appear in the controls below.
For each line group there are four frequency bands within which triggers can be set. Each of these bands represents different rates within which the real power may be changing. For each band, a threshold and a dwell time can be set. The leftmost edit box represents the threshold of the power oscillation above which is a possible trigger condition. The rightmost edit box is the dwell time in seconds. This is the length of time for which the rate of change of power must remain above the threshold for a trigger to be caused. This can be set to 0 if required.
Frequency Oscillation
This window is used to set up triggers to trigger the recorder on frequency oscillations. The channels to be used for frequency measurement are specified in the Input channels Frequency window. Channel The frequency channels are shown in two edit boxes, Channel 1 & Channel 2. The trigger
controls for each of these are found below. For each frequency channel there are four bands within which triggers can be set. Each of these bands represents different rates within which the frequency may be changing. For each band, a threshold and a dwell time can be set. The leftmost edit box represents the threshold of the frequency oscillation above which is a possible trigger condition. The rightmost edit box is the dwell time in seconds. This is the length of time for which the rate of change of frequency must remain above the threshold for a trigger to be caused. This can be set to 0. Analogue channel range (PM) If the current configuration belongs to a pseudo recorder then oscillatory triggering for the two frequency channels may be set up for each individual recorder. To select the range of Analogue channels to pick from click on the down arrow to the right of the Edit box then click on the required range.
Phase Difference (TR2000 with synchrophasor)

This window is used to set up a synchrophasor trigger. Before this trigger can be set up, the Phasor measurement channels must be set up in the Input Channels - Phasor Display window. Phasor Channel This drop down list box is used to set the phase group to be used for a phase difference trigger. When a phase group is selected from this list box, its trigger details are shown in the controls below.
Angle Difference Trigger This control is used to set the phase difference angle at which the recorder will trigger. When this value is adjusted using the up/down arrow buttons, the diagram to the right shows the angle being set in blue. Rate Of Change Trigger This trigger can be set to make the recorder trigger on a change of angle over a number of cycles. To set the phase difference angle use the left most edit box and to set the number of cycles over which this phase difference must occur, use the rightmost window. Both positive and negative changes are detected. If another TR2000 is currently configured for phasor measurement and connected, the phase angles of both recorders will be shown in the diagram at the right of the window.
CROSS TRIGGERING (TR2000)

This window is used to set up the relationship between transient triggers and disturbance triggers. This can be used for a number of functions including extending the transient pre and post fault times using a disturbance record.
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Transient trigger -> Disturbance trigger When this switch is 'on' (green), then when a transient trigger causes a transient record to be generated, it will also cause a disturbance record to be generated. The disturbance record will have the same Trigger Type as the transient record Disturbance trigger -> Transient trigger When this switch is 'on' (green), then when a disturbance trigger causes a disturbance record to be generated, it will also cause a transient record to be generated. The transient record will have the same Trigger Type as the disturbance record.
TRIGGER LIMITS (TR2000)

This window allows a limit to be set on the number of triggers (either disturbance or transient) that occur within a certain time span on any one particular channel. The actual type of trigger does not matter.
To enable this option, toggle the On/Off button to the On position (green). In the first edit box enter the maximum number of triggers that can occur. In the second edit box, enter the time span in minutes within which these triggers can occur. In the final edit box, enter the length of time for which triggering should be disabled if the maximum number of triggers is reached within the time specified.
PERIPHERALS
This window is used to set up the peripheral devices for the recorder. The actual ones shown will depend on the type of recorder and the options chosen at time of order. There are six peripherals available: Modem Fax Network Printer Distributed Network Protocol Serial clock
Modem
The modem section is used to set up a modem to modem connection between the recorder
and Display Station. If the modem is internal to the recorder the default port is COM 3. This leaves the rear port (COM 2) for DNP, serial time code or synchrophasor (TR2000). Several parameters need to be set.
Modem String In the Init String edit box, enter an initialization string for the modem. The character '^M' translates to an ASCII carriage return and '~' translates to a half second delay (entered between commands). The default initialization string, which is suitable for most modems, is :AT&F^M~~~~ATS0=1^M For US Robotics modems the initialization string should be :AT&F1^M~~~~ATS0=1^M In the Dialing Prefix edit box, enter the string that precedes the phone number. This is used to determine the type of dialing tone or pulse. This will normally be: ATDT To indicate that the Init string or Dial Prefix should not be used, deselect the appropriate check box. Communications port Use the Baud rate drop down list box to set the data rate that the recorder talks to the modem. This should be greater than the connect speed of the modem: i.e. for a 33600 modem use a baud rate of 57600.
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Inactivity timer Use this edit box to enter the length of time a recorder should stay connected if no communications are occurring (range 2 30). Auto-call If 'Auto-call' is switched on, the recorder will automatically call the PC when a new fault is recorded. Enter the number to dial in the Phone number edit box provided. Auto-call parameters Connect time is the amount of time a recorder will wait for a call to be answered (range 3 300) the Retry pause is the length of time between the end of one dial attempt and the start of the next (range 0 999). Retries is the number of times a recorder will try to connect to a PC before giving up (range 0 99).
Fax
This window is used to set-up a recorder to fax records on auto-call. This uses the fact that the data modem is also fax compatible. The fax output of a record is similar to the printed output from the recorder. Auto fax This section contains two buttons, Alarms and Records. If Alarms is switched on then when internal alarms are generated, they are sent to the Fax when they occur. If Records is switched on, then when transient records are generated, they are sent to the Fax when they occur. The phone number of the fax should be entered in the Phone number edit box. The init string for the modem of the recorder should be entered in the init string edit box. Fax options These are display options for the target fax and should not normally be changed from the defaults. Comms Options These are communications options between the recorder and the target fax.
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Connection Parameters Attempt pause is the length of time to delay between each attempt at dialing the fax. Attempts is the number of times to try re-dialing the fax before quitting.
Network
The network section shows the connection parameters of a recorder when it is connected over a network. Network Parameters IP Address, IP Subnet Mask and Router IP Addr give the recorder a unique identity on the network. These parameters can only be changed when the recorder is connected to the PC directly using the Program connector. Hub Details If it is necessary to connect a TR100 recorder to a HUB then the IP Address of the hub should be entered in this edit box. This can only be changed if the recorder is connected directly using the Program connector on the front panel.
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Auto-call If auto-call is switched on, the recorder will automatically call the PC when a new fault is recorded. The IP address of the host PC should be entered in the IP address edit box. If this is used the Router IP Addr must also be entered. Auto-call connection parameters Retry pause is the number of seconds a recorder will wait after trying to connect to a PC before trying again (range 0 999). Retries is the number of times the recorder will attempt to connect to the PC (range 0 99).
Distributed Network Protocol (DNP 3.0)

This section is used to edit the parameters needed for a DNP connection. DNP Parameters IED Address is a number used to identify the recorder on the network (range 1 65534). 'Transmission delay' is the time to disable the master transmitter on an RS485 network (range 0 65535) (not currently used). Data Link Confirm 'Confirm mode' can be set as Never, Sometimes or Always. The default value is Never. Retries' is the number of times the recorder will retry to connect if Data Link confirmation is required (range 0 255). 'Time-out' is the time the IED will wait for a Data Link confirmation. Valid numbers are 0 65535. Select/Operate arm time' is the time period
after the select command is received that the operate command will be performed (range 0 65535) (Not currently used)
Communications port The Baud rate of the recorder's rear serial port can be set by selecting a value from the Baud rate drop down list box.
Printer (TR100 & TR2000)

This option is only available if there is a printer selected on the configuration switches of the recorder. Printer type Select a printer type from the drop down box. This defines the escape sequences used by the recorder to set the output printer for graphics printing. The range of available printers includes dot matrix, ink jet and laser types. Most printers can be set to emulate the Epson FX80 or IBM Proprinter. Auto print With Auto print selected, the recorder will print all records and events as they occur. This can be switched off during set-up to disable records generated during testing from being printed.
Serial Clock
This section is only available when the recorder is configured to be linked to an external
serial clock. The clock will be connected through the recorder's rear serial port. This option can not be used at the same time as the DNP 3.0 option. Serial Clock parameters Select a time code type from the Time Code type drop down list box. LER (RCC8000), NGTS 3.7.9 & IRIG-B are supported. Select the baud rate for communication from the Baud rate drop down list box. IRIG-B defaults to 9600 baud. Serial Format Select the appropriate data bits, parity and stop bits for communication with the clock. For NGTS 3.7.9 the default format is 7 data bits, 2 stop and even parity. IRIG-B defaults to 8 bits, 1 stop and no parity.
REAL TIME DISPLAY

This window allows the values being measured on a connected recorder to be viewed as they happen. A combination of actual values and calculated values are displayed. On a TR100 recorder, analog and digital values only are available whereas on a TR2000, TR100+ and PQR, disturbance and power values are also available. The values in the real time displays are updated approximately once per second, depending on the speed of the connection. If the configuration is viewed off-line this option is not available There are up to five categories of Real Time Display:
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Analog Values Digital Values (TR100, TR100+ & TR2000) Disturbance Values (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) Power Values (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR) Energy Meters (PQR)
Analog values
This section displays the values currently being read on the connected recorder's analog channels. Channels Use this drop down box to select a range of channels to view. Channels 1-8, 9-16,17-24, and 25-32 can be viewed, although the latter three will depend on the channel size of the recorder. If a Pseudo Machine is being viewed then many more channels may be available. Frequency This box shows the frequency being recorded on the defined frequency channel. For a TR2000 this is Frequency Channel 1.
Analog This part displays the analog channels and their current values. The textual label of each channel is displayed on the left. The first column shows the true RMS value of each analog channel. The second column shows the PU (Per Unit) value of each analog channel, expressed as a percentage of the set nominal value. The third column gives a measure of the harmonic distortion of each channel. The value shown is a percentage difference between the input signal and a perfect sine wave. This
should not be confused with total harmonic distortion (THD).
Digital inputs (TR100, TR100+ & TR2000)

This section shows the status of the digital channels of the recorder.
Channels Use this drop down box to select the channels to show i.e. channels 1 16, 17 32, 33 - 48 or channels 49 64. The maximum number of channels available will depend on the connected recorder. If a Pseudo Machine is being viewed then many more channels may be available. Digitals The values of the digital channels being monitored are displayed here. Channels in the normal state are shown with a green background with the letter N (for Normal state) and channels in the alarm state are shown with a red background with the letter A (for Alarm state).
Disturbance Values (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

This section shows magnitude and phase information for each line group. If no recorder is connected, then the Real time Display option is not available. Line Group Channel Use this drop down list box to select the line group to view. When a line group is selected, the values currently being recorded and calculated for that line group are displayed. There is only one line group in a PQR.
Frequency Channel This edit box shows the frequency being measured on the frequency channel that has been set up for the selected line group.
Phasor group components There are two groups of values here. The top set refers to the voltages of the line group, the bottom set to the currents. To the left of the window, phasor diagrams show the relationship between the three phases for both voltage and current. All angles are relative to the first voltage channel. If the voltage phase group has been defined as phase to phase the vectors will be shown as a triangle. To the right of the phasor diagrams, edit boxes show the actual values that the phasor diagrams represent. For the three phase inputs, the magnitude, angle and total harmonic distortion (as a percentage) are shown. To the right of the window, the sequence components are shown. For positive, negative and zero sequence, the resultant magnitude in rms and angle are displayed.
Power Values (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

This section shows the values calculated for power on each line group. Line Group Channel Use this drop down list box to select a line group to view. There is only one line group in a PQR. Frequency Channel This edit box shows the frequency on the frequency channel, which has been set up for the
selected line group.
Resultant Components For each phase, the apparent power, real power, reactive power, displacement power factor and impedance are shown. The rightmost column gives the circuit totals of each of these quantities. If the VT phase group is defined as P-P then only total power will be displayed.
Energy Meters (PQR)

This section shows the accumulating energy meters. The apparent energy, imported and exported real energy, inductive and capacitive reactive energy are all shown separately per phase with circuit totals. If the VT phase group is defined as P-P then only total energy will be displayed. The Clear button may be used to reset all the registers.
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PQ SET UP WIZARD (PQR)

The PQR Set-up wizard can be used to quickly configure a PQR recorder. It does this by creating names for each channel and setting the nominal and full scale values for each channel. Once the set-up wizard has been used to configure a recorder, the configuration can be viewed and edited in the normal way using the Recorder - Configure option. The wizard also provides a real time input check facility that lets the user confirm that the inputs to the recorder are wired correctly. A PQR recorder must be connected to DS32 before the wizard is made available. When the option is selected a sequence of screens are presented which allow the user to enter simple information about interposing transformers, triggering and communication peripherals.
Machine Identification
In the edit boxes provided enter a Location and Machine Name which will be used to uniquely identify the recorder. Each name can have up to 24 characters.
Voltage Channel Setup

This dialog can be used to define the ratio of an interposing VT. The PQR will have a maximum input of 150V, 300V or 600V rms. The wizard reads this value from the PQR and shows it as the default full scale value (FSD). If a Voltage Transformer (VT) is not being used then these default values for nominal and FSD will be used. The nominal voltage may be edited if required.
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Voltage Transformers If a VT is being used to step down a higher voltage for the recorder, click on the Voltage Transformer check box and then enter the primary and secondary ratings for the VT in the edit boxes. The wizard will automatically work out and display the nominal and FSD for the phase voltage inputs. The nominal and FSD will be set for the phase channels (a, b & c) and individually for the neutral channel (n). Wiring The VT wiring can be set as Phase to Phase (P-P) or Phase to Neutral (P-N). A diagram shows how the recorder's voltage inputs should be connected for each of these methods. The wizard names the voltage channels and voltage phase group automatically; e.g. Channel 1 will be called Va, Channel 2 will be Vb, etc.
Current Channel Setup

This dialog can be used to define the ratios of primary and interposing current transformers (CT). The PQR can be fitted with an internal shunt resistor. If a shunt is fitted, then the interposing Current Transformer (CT) must have a current output, otherwise it must have a voltage output. The PQR wizard will know if a shunt is fitted and change the units for the secondary rating of the interposing CT accordingly. The full scale input for the PQR is 1.414V rms which gives ~40% overrange for a 1V output clamp CT.
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CT Ratings To set the nominal and FSD values, enter the primary and secondary ratings of the interposing CT in the edit boxes. If a main CT is being used, click on the Main CT check box and enter the primary and secondary ratings for the main CT in the edit boxes. The nominal and FSD will be calculated automatically when all the values are entered. The Current Channel Setup part of the wizard names the current channels and current phase group automatically. Channel 5 will be called Ia, channel 6 Ib etc.
PQR Input Check

The PQR Input Check provides real time information on the inputs of the currently connected PQR. For this to operate correctly all three phase voltages and currents must be connected to the PQR. On the left hand side of the screen there are two phasor display windows which show the magnitude and phase angle of each channel for both the current and voltage inputs. The input check does a number of diagnostic checks on this input and shows any errors along with the actions necessary to correct them in the diagnostic window. The checks performed are as follows: 1 2 3 4 Magnitude of the Voltage and Current Phasors are compared with the nominal values for each channel. The magnitudes of the three vectors within a phase group should be roughly the same. The angle between phases should be approximately 120 degrees. The vectors of each phase should be in positive sequence order; i.e. a -> b -> c Angle between equivalent Voltage and Current phases should be roughly the same.
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Triggering
This dialog can be used to set up the triggering for the voltage channels. Each trigger set will be applied to all the phase voltage channels. Voltage levels Set Over Trigger to the percentage of the nominal that the phase voltages must exceed in order to cause a Voltage Over Trigger. Set Under Trigger to the percentage of the nominal which the phase voltages must drop below in order to cause a Voltage Under Trigger. Harmonics Set Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) to a value which will cause a THD trigger on the phase voltages.
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Trigger Settings This drop down list box stores sets of triggers for all the above. Select a value from the drop down list box and click Apply to set the triggers to the pre-defined values.
Peripherals
Depending on the communications options reported by the PQR two different dialogs are available. For systems fitted with a modem or a network card a number of parameters may be set. Modem The modem section is used to set up a modem to modem connection between recorder and PC. Several parameters need to be set. Normally these values will have been set at the factory and should not be changed. Modem string The initialization and dial strings can be entered in the edit boxes. These values are critical to the correct operation of the modem and should only be changed by an experienced person. In the Init String edit box, enter an initialization string for the modem. The character '^M' translates to an ASCII carriage return and '~' translates to a half second delay (entered between commands). In the Dialing Prefix edit box, enter the string that precedes the phone number while dialing for the modem being used. To indicate that the Init string or Dial Prefix should not be used, deselect the appropriate check box. Communications port This value controls the rate that the PQR talks to the modem (DTE rate). To maximise the communications speed this should be set to 57600 baud.
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Auto-call If 'Auto-call' is switched on, the recorder will automatically call the PC when a new fault is recorded. Enter the number to dial in the 'Phone number' edit box provided. Auto-call parameters 'Connect time' is the amount of time a recorder will wait for a call to be answered (range 3 300). The Retry pause is the length of time between the end of one dial attempt and the start of the next (range 0 999). 'Retries' is the number of times a recorder will try to connect to a PC before giving up (range 0 99). Network The network section shows the connection parameters of a recorder when it is connected over a TCP/IP network. If the correct values for these parameters are not known consult with the relevant IT department. Network Parameters 'IP Address', IP Subnet Mask' and 'Router IP Addr' give the recorder a unique identity on the network. These parameters can only be changed when the recorder is connected to the PC directly using an RS232 cable. Auto-call If auto-call is switched on, the recorder will automatically call the PC when a new fault is recorded. The IP address of the host PC should be entered in the IP address edit box. 'Retry pause' is the number of seconds a recorder will wait after trying to connect to a PC before trying again (range 0 999). Retries is the number of times the recorder will attempt to connect to the PC (range 0 99).
EVENT LOG
The event log is a list of internal event and alarm messages held in the recorder's battery backed memory. The present contents may be viewed by selecting the Event Log option from the Recorder menu while the recorder is connected.
When this is done a copy is automatically made at Display Station for viewing off line using View - Event Log. The events that are saved are : When the system is switched on and off. When the main supply is removed (battery option). When the memory is full (stop mode). When the disk is 85% full (disk option). When the system parameters are updated. When the Test button is pressed. If the modem does not initialize properly If the auto-call process failed If the printer is off line or out of paper.
If the data buffers fill If clock sync or GPS is lost The event log at the recorder can be cleared by clicking on Clear all events. Level 2 security is required to do this.
MANUAL TRIGGER
While connected to a TR100, TR100+, PQR or a TR2000, it is possible to generate a short test record. If connected to a TR100 only a transient trigger is available whereas if a TR2000, TR100+ or PQR is connected then transient or disturbance records are available. Select the trigger type required by clicking on it and then click on the Issue trigger button to cause a manual trigger.
The record created by a manual trigger will have the minimum post fault period and the Trigger type will be defined as Manual. This record may be downloaded and displayed to check that all the recording and communications functions are operating correctly.
TRANSIENT RECORD DOWNLOAD

This option is used to manually recover selected transient records from the connected recorder. The process is implemented in two stages. The first is to recover a listing of records available then a final selection is made of required files. There are a number of options available to control the directory listing.
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New Records By selecting the New Records button only records that have not been read by Display Station will be listed. N.B. If more than one version of Display Station is being used in a region this option may not show all unread records since they may have been read by another PC running Display Station. All Records If All Records is selected then the directory listing will include all the records held at the recorder. Since this could be a large number if the system has a hard disk there are two further options to reduce the size of the list. The first is to select only the last 'N' records and the second is to select only records after a set date and time. Latest Selecting this option will recover a list of the most recent number of records specified. Records since This option is used to recover a list of all records created after a specific date. This may be the date of the last connection to the recorder. If the Include Profile information box is checked the analog and digital profile information for each record will also be downloaded with the directory. This makes the transfer time longer but the profile data is available immediately. If this were not done each profile would have to be fetched individually on request. Once the download options have been set, clicking on the OK button will start the recovery of the requested directory. When complete the header information for each record will be displayed.
Transient Records Directory

This window lists the headers of all the records that were requested for download in the Transient Record Selection window. All records are displayed by date and time and those records that have not been previously copied to the Display Station are marked with a tick in the New column. Each record header is transferred to the Display Station with its profile (if selected) which contains the signal levels before, during and after the trigger, the maximum and minimum values during the record (Analog profile) as well as the contact transition times (Digital profile). These data may be viewed by double clicking on the record entry. The Fault data field shows if the data is available on the recorder or whether it has been overwritten. The Action field can be used to tell Display Station 32 what to do with the
records listed. To set the value of this field, see the Right Click and Double Click sections below. There are four possible values, each of which refers to what Display Station 32 will do with the record when the Continue button is clicked: Ignore Fault data Profile Reduced Nothing will be done with the record (default) The record's fault data will be downloaded The record's profile will be downloaded Reduced data will be downloaded for the record (as set up in Record reduction parameters)
Clear All Records Clicking on this button will delete ALL the transient records on the connected recorder. Reduction Parameters Clicking on this button will bring up the Record Transfer Options window, which can be used to reduce the data being downloaded for the selected record. Right Click If the mouse is positioned over a record in the list and right clicked, a popup menu will appear. This menu has several options that can be used to manipulate and view the record. Four of the options can be used to set the Action column, i.e. Ignore, Mark fault data, Mark profile only and Reduced fault data, when selected will set the Action column to Ignore, Fault data, Profile and Reduced (TR2000, TR100+ & HUB only) respectively. If the profile flag has been set in the Transient Record Selection window then three more options are available, for viewing the profile. These are: Analogs Selecting analogs will bring up the Analog Fault Levels RMS window showing a summary of RMS levels one each channel before, during and after a fault. Selecting Digitals will bring up the Digital Transitions window, showing digital transitions during the fault. Selecting Cameo will download the record in cameo form, and show the record in the Cameo record window.
Digitals Cameo
Double Click Double clicking on a record with the left mouse button will bring up the Record window, which shows the record's header information and gives options for viewing and manipulating the record.
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Record
This window displays header information of whichever record was selected in the Transient Records window and allows cameo data, analog profile data and digital transition data to be viewed. Recorder Identification This is the location and machine name of the selected recorder. Trigger Information Trigger type describes what caused the trigger. Trigger Time is the date and time at which the trigger occurred, to the nearest millisecond. Record Length is the number of cycles in the whole record. Comment This section can be used to enter a comment pertaining to the record. Action These radio buttons can be used to specify what information is required for the selected record. The option selected here will be shown in the 'Action' column of the Transient Records window. Cameo record Clicking on View Cameo will download the record in cameo form, and show it in the Cameo record window. The Cameo is an RMS version of the waveform data. Analogs Clicking on Analog Profile will bring up the Analog Fault Levels RMS window showing a summary of RMS levels one each channel before, during and after a fault. Digitals Clicking on Digital profile will bring up the Digital Transitions window, showing digital transitions during the record. The transition times are relative to the trigger point.
Analog Profile
The fault duration is the time in ms, between the start and end of the trigger condition. For a digital edge or manual trigger this value will be zero. This information may be used to give an indication of the type and level of a line fault without having sight of the complete graphical record.
Digital Transitions
This window shows the transition times of digital inputs that have profiling enabled. These times are relative to the trigger point. The fault duration is defined as the time from the start of the first trigger to the end of the last trigger (which may not be on the same channel or of the same type as the initial trigger).
Both analog and digital profiles are the same as those displayed on a printed record. These windows are also available in Display Station Analysis.
HARMONIC RECORDS
The AMETEK recorders produce an average harmonic reading every 10 minutes. The amplitude and phase of channels assigned to a phase group are recorded up to the 64th harmonic. Content may be limited by the sample rate of the recorder. Individual harmonic logs are listed with their times and dates. To select a particular log double click on the entry. Retrieval parameters The start and end times and dates can be selected from the log. The default is the complete
interval. The sampling interval can be reduced from every 10 minutes to 20, 30 or 60 minutes
Max. number of harmonics The maximum harmonic number can be selected up to the 48th for the TR100, 64th for the TR2000 and 63rd for the TR100+ and PQR. Record format For a TR2000 & PQR the format of the data can be selected from : Average Max, Min, Average Magnitude, Angle Max, Min, Average, Magnitude, Angle For a TR100 and TR100+ the format is Average.
LOGGER RECORDS
The 'Logger Data available on connected recorder' window lists the ranges of logged data currently available on the connected recorder. To download the data from one of these ranges, double click on it to show the Retrieve logger data record window.
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Each logger file contains a continuous sequence of data samples. Certain events can cause the start of a new log file to ensure that the recording in each file is continuous. These include switching the system off, updating the system parameters and changing the system time. Click Clear Logger to delete all logged data on the connected recorder. Level 2 security is required to do this.
Retrieve Logger Data Record

This window can be used to retrieve logger data from a connected recorder. Depending on the recorder type and options a range of continuous quantities are saved in separate logs in the recorder. Data range available These two edit boxes indicate the range of time over which logger data is available. Retrieval Parameters In the From edit boxes, enter the date and time when the retrieval record should start. In the To edit boxes, enter the date and time when the retrieved record should end.
From the Interval drop down list box select the interval required between logged samples, in minutes. For the TR2000 & PQR there are 5 different logger files. The standard logger (RMS & frequency), Energy, Imbalance & Flicker logs are all available from this screen. The harmonics log is available from the Recorder Harmonic Records menu. For the TR-100+ the standard RMS and frequency logger and optional Power Logger are available. For the TR-100, the flicker and standard (RMS and frequency) optional logger files are available
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Disturbance Records (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

This window lists the headers of all the records that were requested for download in the Record Selection window. All records are displayed by date and time and those records that have not been previously copied to the Display Station are marked with a tick in the New column. Each record header is transferred to the Display Station with its profile (if selected) which contains the signal levels before, during and after the trigger, the maximum and minimum values during the record (Analog profile) as well as the contact transition times (Digital profile). These data may be viewed by double clicking on the record entry. The Fault data field shows if the data is available on the recorder or whether it has been overwritten. The Action field can be used to tell Display Station 32 what to do with the records listed. To set the value of this field, see the Right Click and Double Click sections below. There are four possible values, each of which refers to what Display Station 32 will do with the record when the Continue button is clicked: Ignore Fault data Profile Reduced Nothing will be done with the record (default) The record's fault data will be downloaded The record's profile will be downloaded Reduced data will be downloaded for the record (as set up in Record reduction parameters)
Clear All Records Clicking on this button will delete all the disturbance records on the connected recorder. Reduction Parameters Clicking on this button will bring up the Record Transfer Options window, which can be used to reduce the data being downloaded for the selected record. Right Click If the mouse is positioned over a record in the list and right clicked, a popup menu will appear. This menu has several options that can be used to manipulate and view the record. Four of the options can be used to set the Action column, i.e. Ignore, Mark fault data, Mark profile only and Reduced fault data, when selected will set the Action column to Ignore, Fault data, Profile and Reduced (not TR100) respectively. If the profile flag has been set in the Transient Record Selection window then three more options are available, for viewing the profile. These are : Analogs Digitals
Display Station 32
Selecting analogs will bring up the Analog Profile window showing a summary of RMS levels on each channel before, during and after a fault. Selecting Digitals will bring up the Digital Transitions window, showing
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digital transitions during the fault. Double Click Double clicking on a record with the left mouse button will bring up the Record window, which shows the record's header information and gives options for viewing and manipulating the record.
Analog Profile
The fault duration is the time in ms, between the start and end of the trigger condition. For a digital edge or manual trigger this value will be zero. This information may be used to give an indication of the type and level of a line fault without having sight of the complete graphical record.
Digital Transitions
This window shows the digital transitions that occurred during a disturbance record.
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Filter Selection Use the Channel drop down list box to select a channel to filter on. To turn on the filter, click on the check box to the left. Use the Time Filter selection check box to filter by time range. To change the date or time click on the value to be changed then select the up or down arrows to the right. Event List The digital events are listed at the bottom of the window. A transition to normal state is shown as 'Normal State' in green. A transition to alarm state is shown as 'Alarm State' in red, in the event column. The initial state of each input is shown at the start of the list. The time shown is the last 10 minute snapshot before the start of the record.
DISTURBANCE LOGGER (TR2000)

The TR2000 has an option to continuously log its input quantities and the two frequency channels. This is recorded at 25Hz for a 50Hz system and 30Hz for a 60Hz system. The log is circular and will contain the previous 14 days worth of data. The recovered data contains phase information so DSA can compute derived values such as power and impedance. To retrieve a part of the log select Recorder Disturbance Logger. This will list one or a number of files that contain continuous data. Double click on the required file to show the range selection screen.
Data range available These two edit boxes indicate the range of time over which logger data is available for the selected record. Retrieval Parameters In the From edit box, enter the date and time when the retrieval record should start. In the To edit box, enter the date and time when the retrieved record should end. Because of the
relatively high sampling rate it is recommended that only short intervals are recovered at a time. Reduced When the Reduced button is On the recovered file will contain reduced data. The parameters for this are defined in the Recorder Configuration and are described above. The Data Available column in the Disturbance directory will show Reduced data for these files. Click OK to download the disturbance Logger data. This data will appear under the Disturbance tab of the main screen with the Description Disturbance Logger. It is recommended that the time interval for these records is kept short as the file sizes can be large and have excessive download times.
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VIEW MENU
This menu is used to view the event and communications logs stored by Display Station. The event log stores all the historical events that have been recovered from recorders. The communication log records problems during modem initialization or auto-polling.
EVENT LOG
The Event Log window shows a list of event and alarm messages. These messages are originally logged by the recorders and then downloaded to Display Station using Recorder - Event Log or during auto-poll.
Location Selection Use the location drop-down list box to select the events of a particular location. Only one location can be viewed at a time. Recorder Selection Use the Recorder drop down list box to select a recorder within a location. To make this filter active, click on the check box supplied.
COMMUNICATIONS LOG
This window lists the communications messages where Display Station has tried to connect to recorders and failed. This is useful for auto-poll where the process is normally unattended. There are three separate pages controlled by a tab at the top. The Comms log contains all activity and the successful and unsuccessful auto-poll attempts and separated
into the other two pages.
Clear All Entries Clicking this button clears all the entries of the communications log.
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DATABASE MENU
The options of this menu are used to maintain the Display Station database: Update File Links Repair Compact Create Archive Import Archive
UPDATE FILE LINKS

The DS database stores the header information for each record in the Display Station 32 data directory. The actual record data are stored in the data directory as separate files. Each record in the database stores the name of its data file. It is possible for these file references to become damaged if, for example, records are copied to and from the data directory without using the Directory maintenance facility. Selecting Update File Links will force Display Station 32 to traverse through all of its database records and ensure that they are pointing to the correct data files.
REPAIR
Sometimes the Display Station 32 database can become corrupted, for example if the computer is turned off while it is being read or written to. Selecting Repair will attempt to repair any damage that may occur in such an event. N.B. Repairing the database requires exclusive access, so if Display Station 32 is being run as a multi-user system, then it is essential that no other copies of Display Station 32 are running at the same time.
COMPACT
The database system used for Display Station 32 grows in size every time records are added but does not decrease again if these are deleted. Selecting Compact Database reclaims unused space within the database hence decreasing the space it uses on disk. N.B. Compacting the database requires exclusive access, so if Display Station 32 is being run as a multi-user system, then it is essential that no other copies of Display Station 32 are running at the same time.
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CREATE ARCHIVE
The database of Display Station 32 keeps a copy of the header information and expert system results for each record it downloads or imports. Over time, the size of the database may become extremely large (greater than 800 Mbytes). If and when this occurs, this window can be used to archive old records out of the database. Records which are currently in the data directory will not be archived.
Dates Use the Start date and End date edit boxes to enter the dates when archiving should start and when it should end. Archive path In the edit box provided, enter a pathname and file name for the archived material. Alternatively, use the browse button to select a path and filename. Create Clicking the Create button will create the archive. All archived records will be deleted from the Display Station 32 database.
IMPORT ARCHIVE
This window can be used to re-import an archive that was created by Create Archive.
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Archive path Enter the path and name of the archive file to import. Alternatively, use the browse button to find the required file. Import Click on 'Import' to re-integrate the selected archive into the Display Station 32 database.
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APPENDIX I
ADD A MODEM IN WINDOWS 98
Display Station now uses Windows to connect modems. Any number of modems can be added by using external serial communication ports. The USB Edgeport from Inside Out Networks and Digi is one such product. To add a modem select Start then Settings then Control Panel then double click on Modems.
Click on Add to add a new modem. This can be done automatically or manually. For automatic installation leave the box empty and click on Next >. If the modem is connected and switched on Windows will find it and install the correct drivers. If not the manual installation procedure may be used.
For manual selection check the box, select Next > then choose the modem type from the list.
Then select the communication port to which the modem is attached.
Windows will install the correct drivers.
The new modem will appear in the modem list on the Control Panel.
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The modem may be configured by selecting it from the list then clicking on Properties. The data format should be 8 bits, 1 stop, no parity and hardware handshaking (RTS/CTS).
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APPENDIX II
ADD A MODEM IN WINDOWS 2000
Display Station now uses Windows to connect modems. Any number of modems can be added by using external serial communication ports. The USB Edgeport from Inside Out Networks and Digi is one such product. To add a modem select Start then Settings then Control Panel then Phone and modem options.
Click on the Modems tab then select Add.
To let Windows detect the modem do not click on the check box.
If the manual selection check box was enabled, select the modem type from the extensive list.
Now, select the comm. port for the modem.
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Windows will check and install and initialize the modem.
The new modem will now be available for Display Station to use. The modem may be configured by selecting it from the list then clicking on Properties. The data format should be 8 bits, 1 stop, no parity and hardware handshaking (RTS/CTS).
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APPENDIX III
DIAL UP NETWORKING FOR WINDOWS 2000
Display Station 32 uses the Dial up networking function within the Windows operation systems to provide modem communications to a network of recorders. The Dial up networking configuration should be set up before setting up the recorder network in Display Station. For each remote network a separate dial-up configuration must be created. To support auto-call an Incoming Connection must also be created. For information on configuring auto-call from a pseudo machine please see Appendix V. If the PC running Display Station is part of a network then the configuration of the Dial-Up and Incoming connections may be different to that shown. The configuration will also be affected by the requirements of the remote network. The network administrator or IT department should be consulted and must be involved if IP addresses need to be issued. N.B. Modems to be used should be configured before setting up the dial-up network. For more information see Appendix II.
From the Start menu, select Programs, Accessories, Communications then Dial-up Networking. Then click on the Make New Connection icon. Follow the instructions to create the new connection.
Make a New Dial-Up Connection

Select Dial-up to private network. This is the LAN at the substation.
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Now select the modem(s) to use from the options. If multiple modems are available only one need be specified. Display Station may use other modems if they are available.
Enter the phone number of the substation.
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Depending on the security set up on the system running Windows 2000 the visibility of this connection can be restricted to a single user or available to everyone.
Add a name for the connection (possibly the substation name) to complete the connection.
When the connection is first selected in Display Station the details below are shown. N.B. The user name and password entered must match those of the remote network. Dont forget to check the Save password box to remember the password. This is required for automated connections.
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Click on Properties then the Networking tab to set up the networking parameters.
Ensure that the dial up server is set to PPP, and the TCP/IP box is checked in the Components window. Now click on Properties.
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Ensure that Obtain an IP address automatically is selected then click on Advanced.
Ensure that Use default gateway is selected then press the OK buttons to return to the first menu.
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APPENDIX IV
CONFIGURING 3COM 56K LAN MODEM
Introduction
The recording instruments used with Display Station (TR2000, TR100+, TR100, PQR, etc.) may be connected via an RS232 serial link, a dial up modem or a TCP/IP network connection over a LAN or WAN. All instruments have a serial connection and most have either a modem or network card or both. Display Station allows a recorder to be contacted by either a modem or network connection if both are available. Display Station can also support a dial-up network where a connection is made via a modem to a network. For this the Dial-Up Connections under Windows is used. For each remote network a dial-up configuration must be created. For information on this see Appendix III for Windows 2000. To support auto-call an Incoming Connection must also be created. For information on configuring auto-call from a network or pseudo machine please see Appendix V.
TR2000
DS32
RS232
MODEM
LAN MODEM
TR2000
PSTN
TR2000
TR2000
PSEUDO MACHINE FOR AUTOPOLL
HUB
TR2000
To create a pseudo machine (PM) from a number of individual recorders they are connected via a standard network. If the recorders location is accessed via a modem then dial-up networking is used to connect to a PM. To create a small dial up network a product like the 3Com OfficeConnect 56k LAN modem may be used. This allows both dial in and
dial out functions to support auto-poll and auto-call. The configuration of this product for use with Display Station is given below. For more complete information about configuring the 3Com LAN modem use the help at the bottom of each configuration page or the user manual which is available as uguide.pdf or uguide.hml file on the DOCS directory of the CD that was supplied with the product. N.B. Remote recorder networks may operate independently of a company LAN/WAN or intranet. If, however, the connections are part of a larger network the network administrator or IT department should be involved in the issuing of IP addresses and configuration of the system.
3COM 56K LAN MODEM

To create a remote dial up network of recorders each instrument must be fitted with a network card (NIC). These are all connected directly to the LAN modem. This device will accept up to 4 recorders directly. To extend this an extra hub unit may be added. Up to 23 recorders can be accommodated on one LAN modem. The configuration of the system is divided into four parts. The first is the recorders connected to the LAN modem. The second and third are the dial in functions in the LAN modem and the fourth is Display Station.
Recorder configuration
For each recorder the IP address, subnet mask and router IP address are all required. If auto-call is required please see Appendix V. If the recorders or Display Station are connected to a corporate network the network administrator must issue these addresses. If the system is running stand alone the default address range is 192.168.1.xxx, where xxx ranges from 3 to 254. The address 192.168.1.1 should not be used since this is the default address of the LAN modem itself. 192.168.1.2 should also be avoided since it is used as the default address for the PC linked to the LAN modem for configuration. The subnet mask should be 255.255.255.224.
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The router IP must be set to the address of the LAN modem. The default value of this is 192.168.1.1.
LAN modem configuration

The 3Com LAN modem uses a web browser (like MS Explorer) for configuration. The default set up of the LAN modem issues IP addresses. The PC to be used for configuration should be set up to accept dynamic IPs (DHCP) or set to a static IP of 192.168.1.2. Connect the PC to port 1 at the rear on the LAN modem. The LAN status light for port 1 will illuminate and flash while the dynamic IP is being set up. Start the web browser application and type 192.168.1.1 into the address box and press <Return>. If all is correct the opening screen will be displayed. The LAN modem must be configured to let Display Station access the network for a manual connection or auto-poll. If other users require access each must be registered with the LAN modem. The user name and password of the calling system provides an extra level of protection. All users can not use the same User Name since the LAN modem will report duplicate users on the network. Up to 10 different users may be added
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Set up the dial in connection

From the home page select the Dial-in button then select the Dial in Wizard. Most connections will use the single user option. Now press Next. Enter the Username and Password. These must be the same as the ones defined for the Dial-up networking connection in Windows. For more information on this see Appendix III.
Press Next then select None for the ISP and press Finish. Now click on Dial-in
Global and select 1 for Auto Answer (modem 1). This will allow the modem to answer an incoming call after one ring. Press Submit at the bottom of the form to save the new settings. The dial-in parameters may be checked by clicking on Dial-In Users then selecting the previously set user name from the list
From the home page click on the LAN Parameters icon. The LAN modems IP and subnet mask may be set for compatibility with the WAN. N.B. If this IP address is changed the IP address of the system required to configure it will also change.
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Display Station configuration

The support for a remote dial-in network requires the creation of a Dial-Up Connection. This is done in Windows by selecting Start Programs Accessories Communications Network and Dial-Up connections. The actual procedure for this will depend on the operating system being used. It is important that the user name and password defined for the dial-up connection in Windows matches that for the dial-in connection in the LAN modem. If auto-call is required over a modem link the configuration is different as Windows does not support a dial-in connection from a network (the 3Com LAN modem) to a single PC. For more information on this see Appendix III. If DS32 is being run on a network the network administrator should be consulted for the correct installation procedure.
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APPENDIX V
CONFIGURING A PSEUDO MACHINE FOR AUTO-CALL
Introduction
The Pseudo machine configuration uses either a LAN/WAN or dial-up network to make a remote connection. Both configurations will support manual connections and auto-poll. The LAN/WAN scheme will also support auto-call where the recorder initiates the connection. If auto-call from a pseudo machine is required for a dial-up network connection a different configuration is required. This is because Windows does not assign a default gateway for a dial-in connection and thus the PC can not communicate to a remote instrument through a LAN modem.
TR2000 LAN MODEM NETWORK TR2000
DS32
RS232
MODEM
LAN MODEM
PSTN
TR2000
TR2000
PSEUDO MACHINE FOR AUTOPOLL AND AUTOCALL
HUB
TR2000
Description
To implement a scheme which supports an auto-call from a Pseudo machine there must be a network at the PC end of the connection. The simplest way to provide this is with another 3Com LAN modem. The PC is then connected to the LAN modem via a LAN connection. The operating system provides a network connection and the local LAN modem provides the dial-in services. The dial-out services in the LAN modem are very limited so a standard modem connection is used to provide these. The LAN modem uses a PC with a network connection and web browser (e.g. Explorer) to
configure it. This requires that the PC is set to support dynamic IP addresses (DHCP). To configure the system to support manual connection, auto-poll and auto-call there are four areas that must be configured :Recorders Remote LAN modem Local LAN modem PC running display Station 32 The network IP address of each recorder must be unique. The recorders do not support DHCP. The configuration will be described in the following sections.
Set up the recorders

For each recorder the IP address, subnet mask and router IP address are all required. The auto-call IP address is also required. If the recorders or Display Station are connected to a corporate network the network administrator must issue these addresses. If the system is running stand alone the default address range is 192.168.yyy.xxx, where xxx ranges from 3 to 31. The address 192.168.yyy.1 should not be used since this is the default address of the LAN modem itself. 192.168.yyy.2 should also be avoided since it is used as the default address for the PC linked to the LAN modem for configuration. The subnet mask should be 255.255.255.224. The value yyy should start at 1 for the first site and increase up to 253. Site 254 is reserved for Display Station. This scheme will allow up to 29 recorders at up to 253 separate sites. For other IP address and subnet configurations please consult your network administrator.
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The router IP must be set to the address of the local LAN modem. The default value of this is 192.168.yyy.1. For auto-call the IP address must be the same as the one defined for the PC running Display Station. The Auto-call On/Off button must be on (colored green).
Set up the remote LAN modem (recorder end)

The configuration for the LAN modem is divided into three parts. A LAN modem IP address A dial-in connection for manual and auto-poll connections An ISP (dial-out) connection for auto-call connections LAN modem IP address To support a number of remote sites the IP addresses of each LAN modem must be different. To do this set the IP address to 192.168.yyy.1, where yyy is the site number between 1 and 253. For instructions on connecting to the LAN modem see Appendix IV. NOTE: When this is done the LAN modem will perform a soft reset and load its new IP address (192.168.yyy.1). The PC being used to configure the LAN modem will need to release its old IP address and renew its address from the LAN modems DHCP server. This will usually result in its IP address changing from 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.yyy.2. Commands needed at the DOS command prompt on the PC are ipconfig /release, ipconfig /renew, and ipconfig. The web browser on the configuring PC will now need to browse to 192.168.yyy.1 instead of 192.168.1.1.
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Dial-in connection This screen is used to set up the Dial-In connection from DS32 during an Auto-poll or manual call. Ensure that Auto Answer (modem 1) is set to 1.
For the Dial-In User Parameters the Name and Password are important and must match those for the Dial-Up network at the PC for this site. Ensure the Single user dial-in is selected and the ISP Selection is None.
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ISP connection By going into the ISP wizard you can set up the calling out parameters. Give the ISP a Name (e.g. DS32) since this is the name of the site that it will be calling. The telephone number is also needed which specifies the number of the LAN modem at the Display Station site. Finally a User ID and Password is needed which will match the Dial-In user settings on the LAN modem at the DS32 site. N.B. All recorders at the recorder site should take the IP addresses from 192.168.yyy.3, 192.168.yyy.4, etc. Do not use 192.168.yyy.1 or 192.168.yyy.2 as this is reserved for the LAN modem itself and the configuration PC respectively.
Set up the local LAN modem (DS32 end)

The configuration for the LAN modem is divided into two parts. Set local LAN modem IP address A Dial-in connection for auto-call LAN modem IP address The LAN modem at the DS32 site must have a unique IP address. This is set as 192.168.254.1. The subnet mask is 255.255.255.224. NOTE: When this is done the LAN modem will perform a soft reset and load its new IP address (192.168.254.1). The PC being used to configure the LAN modem will need to release its old IP address and renew its address from the LAN modems DHCP server. This will usually result in its IP address changing from 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.254.2.
Commands needed at the DOS command prompt on the PC are ipconfig /release, ipconfig /renew, and ipconfig. The web browser on the configuring PC will now need to browse to 192.168.254.1 instead of 192.168.1.1.
Dial-in connection This screen is used to set up the Dial-In connection from a recorder site during an Autocall. Ensure that Auto Answer (modem 1) is set to 1.
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It is necessary to have the two LAN modems on different subnets otherwise the recorder side LAN modem will never initiate a dial out to its ISP since the request is going to the same subnet (e.g. when any recorder tries to Auto-call it will need to be trying to connect to an IP address on the Display Station site LAN modem) The Name and Password here should tie up with the User ID and Password specified in the ISP Wizard at the recorder site LAN modem. Ensure the Single user dial-in is selected and the ISP Selection is None.
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Set up the PC running Display Station 32 The PC with DS32 is configured for two separate connections :Dial-up networking for Auto-poll and manual connections Network connection to a LAN modem for Auto-call For Display Station to dial out to each of the recorder networks at the LAN modem sites, Dial-up networking (inbuilt in Windows) along with a normal Windows modem. The Display Station site LAN modem is not used here since it cannot use more than four ISPs and also cannot select between these four. Each recorder or pseudo recorder is setup in Display Station in the normal way and an appropriate Dial-up Networking entry selected for it. For more information on DUN see Appendix III for Windows 2000.
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N.B. There is one important difference between the normal DUN configuration and when it is used in conjunction with a LAN modem. For the latter case the PCs IP address must be fixed (static). This is to ensure that the PCs IP address does not appear in the same subnet as either of the LAN modems. To ensure a unique IP for the DUN connection use 192.168.253.2. This then ensures that the default gateway is changed from the LAN modem (192.168.254.1) to the DUN connection (192.168.253.2) This is required to ensure that all network traffic goes out through the DUN connection and not the LAN modem when Display Station uses DUN to connect to the recorder site LAN modem.
SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION SETTINGS

The IP addresses and subnet settings for each part of the connection scheme are listed here. This is only a recommendation and an IT department or Network Administrator should use other settings if the PC is part of a corporate network. Site 1
Device
LAN modem Recorder #1 Recorder #2 Recorder #29
IP Address
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.31
Subnet mask
255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224
Router address
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1
Auto-call address
192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2
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Site 2
Device
IP Address
192.168.2.1 192.168.2.3 192.168.2.4 192.168.2.31
Subnet mask
255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224
Router address
192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1
Auto-call address
192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2
Site 3
Device
IP Address
192.168.3.1 192.168.3.3 192.168.3.4 192.168.3.31
Subnet mask
255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224
Router address
192.168.3.1 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.1
Auto-call address
192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2 192.168.254.2
Display Station
Device
LAN modem PC (DUN)
IP Address
192.168.254.1 192.168.253.2
Subnet mask
255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224
Default gateway
192.168.253.2
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APPENDIX VI
TELEPHONE / FAX NUMBER LIST
This errata sheet provides an easy-to-use reference for all major departments. Use these numbers for ordering equipment, application assistance, technical support, and scheduling field service Please Note: Your instruction manual may contain other phone and fax numbers; this list will take precedence. MAIN OFFICE AMETEK Power Instruments Rochester 255 North Union St., Rochester, NY 14605 DEPARTMENT/PRODUCT LINE MAIN PHONE FIELD SERVICE REPAIRS/RETURNS SALES SUPPORT FAR EAST OFFICE AMETEK Power Instruments 271 Bukit Timah Road, #03-09 Balmoral Plaza, Singapore 259708 Tel: 65-732-8675 Fax: 65-732-8676 UK OFFICE AMETEK Power Instruments Unit 20, Ridgeway Donibristle Industrial Estate Dunfermline, UK Tel: 1383-825630 Fax: 1383-825715 TELEPHONE 585-263-7700 800-374-4835 888-222-6282 800-950-6676 FAX 585-262-4777 585-238-4945 585-238-4945 585-454-7805
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PROCEDURES FOR FACTORY REPAIR AND RETURN

A. Obtain a Returned material Authorization (RMA) number by calling AMETEK Repair Sales and giving the following information: 1. Model and Serial Number of the equipment 2. Failure Symptom Be Specific 3. Approximate date of installation 4. The site name and address of the failed equipment 5. Complete shipping information for the return of the equipment if other than the operating site 6. Name and telephone number of person to contact if questions arise. Enclose the information with the equipment and pack in a commercially accepted shipping container with sufficient packing material to insure that no shipping damage will occur. Mark the outside of the container with the RMA number. Ship to the appropriate location: Attention: Repair Department AMETEK Power Instruments 255 North Union Street Rochester, New York 14605 USA Tel: (888) 222-6282 Fax: (585) 238-4945 C. D. Your emergency equipment will be tested, repaired and inspected at the factory. Factory turnaround is ten working days or less (excluding shipping time). For emergency service or repair status information, please contact the AMETEK Repair Sales Engineer at (800) 374-4835.
B.
WARRANTY
AMETEK warrants equipment of its own manufacture to be free from defects in material and workmanship, under normal conditions of use and service. AMETEK will replace any component found to be defective, upon its return, transportation charges prepaid, within one year of its original purchase. AMETEK will extend the same warranty protection on accessories that is extended to AMETEK by the original manufacturer. AMETEK assumes no responsibility, expressed or implied, beyond its obligation to replace any component involved. Such warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed or implied.
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DISPLAY STATION 32

Tel: (800) 881-4156 Fax: (585) 238-4945 Web: www.ametekpower.com

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STARTING DISPLAY STATION

Record Tab Control

Expert System Classification

DISTURBANCE RECORDS (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

REFRESH FILE LIST

AUTO-POLL & AUTO-CALL

AUTO-POLL DISTURBANCE LOGGER NOW.

To export the file click on Export.

Harmonics logger Flicker logger Imbalance logger Energy logger

Adding a Pseudo Machine to the Recorder Network

Channel assignments for a PM

Configuring Individual Recorders

MERGE RECORDS NOW

Local/Remote Configuration Mismatch

Setup or Save Button

Important Configuration note

HARMONICS CONFIGURATION TR100

HARMONICS CONFIGURATION TR2000, TR100+ & PQR

RECORD REDUCTION TRANSIENT (TR2000 & TR100+)

RECORD REDUCTION DISTURBANCE (TR2000 & TR100)

RECORD REDUCTION DISTURBANCE LOGGER (TR2000)

INPUT CHANNEL SELECTION

Digital channel (TR100, TR100+ & TR2000)

Line Group (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

Phasor Display (TR2000 with synchrophasor option)

TRANSIENT TRIGGER SETTINGS

Analog Trigger Settings

may not be accurate if the waveform is distorted.

Phase Group Trigger Settings

External trigger (PQR)

DISTURBANCE TRIGGER SETTINGS (TR2000)

Phase Difference (TR2000 with synchrophasor)

CROSS TRIGGERING (TR2000)

TRIGGER LIMITS (TR2000)

Distributed Network Protocol (DNP 3.0)

Printer (TR100 & TR2000)

REAL TIME DISPLAY

should not be confused with total harmonic distortion (THD).

Digital inputs (TR100, TR100+ & TR2000)

Disturbance Values (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

Power Values (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

selected line group.

Energy Meters (PQR)

PQ SET UP WIZARD (PQR)

Voltage Channel Setup

Current Channel Setup

PQR Input Check

TRANSIENT RECORD DOWNLOAD

Transient Records Directory

Retrieve Logger Data Record

Disturbance Records (TR2000, TR100+ & PQR)

DISTURBANCE LOGGER (TR2000)

into the other two pages.

UPDATE FILE LINKS

Then select the communication port to which the modem is attached.

Windows will install the correct drivers.

Click on the Modems tab then select Add.