Bio 102 Spring 2012, Practice Exam: There are only 158 practice questions meaning not all

topics are covered. Therefore, this is not representative of all the material covered on the exam just a subset of the material and variation in the types of questions I ask. The exam will be 50 multiple choice questions. I may use a couple of exact questions asked below on the actual exam. 1. Which of the following is a scientific conclusion based on knowing that humans and bacteria share a common genetic language (i.e., DNA)? a. bacteria will eventually develop into humans b. humans and bacteria have the same number of genes c. humans and bacteria share a common ancestor d. cells of both humans and bacteria store DNA in a nucleus e. DNA is analogous 2. Memes are: a. ideas, fads or other forms of communication passed on by culture b. a special form of DNA c. stories from a special form of communication like miming d. two populations that are in the process of speciation e. special tools that came from early hominid ancestors 3. Which of the following are required for natural selection to occur? a. inheritance b. unequal (non-random) reproductive success c. variation d. overreproduction/ struggle for existence e. all of the above 4. What accounts for the different breeds of dogs? a. overreproduction b. inherited acquired characters c. allopatric speciation d. artificial selection e. cloning/ stem cell research 5. Which of the following is a hypothesis? a. my car wont start b. my #$%@*$ car wont start c. Why wont my car start? d. my car wont start because it needs a new battery e. if I replace the battery, my car will start 6. How does a hypothesis differ from a theory? a. a theory must be testable; hypotheses are not testable b. a theory has been supported by repeated experiments, a hypothesis is a tentative explanation c. hypotheses are more general than theories d. hypotheses come from experimentation; theories do not require experiments e. a theory is just a hunch, a hypothesis is closer to fact

7. Natural selection always results in: a. increased variation b. a decrease in the size of a population c. a population that more closely resembles the best types d. an increase in the size of the population e. speciation 8. Which is a major piece of evidence that suggests that humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor? a. There is only 1-2% difference in DNA sequence b. Language c. We both share prokaryotic cells d. Chimpanzees gossip e. None of the above 9. A population of deer was threatened with overpopulation until cheetahs were imported. After a couple of years there were fewer deer but the average running speed of the deer had increased. This is an example of: a. inheritance of acquired characteristics b. induced mutation c. mutation d. natural selection e. mitosis 10. What is the #1 trait that women tend to look for in a mate? a. intelligence b. attractiveness c. youthfulness d. faithfulness e. resources 11. Which of the following can be a cost to sociality? a. competition for resources b. more individuals = more eyes for spotting predators c. access to scarce resources d. more efficient foraging e. easier to find mates 12. Which of the following behaviors likely has the greatest environmental influence, as opposed to genetic influence? a. salmon spawning at their natal site b. baby crying at birth c. imprinting d. habituation e. speaking a new language

13. Scientists are currently debating when which aspect of human evolution occurred that separates us from apes and chimpanzees? a. use of tools b. bipedalism c. use of language d. gossip e. memes 14. The smallest entity that is able to exhibit the characteristics of life is a(n) a. virus b. cell c. human d. frog e. amoeba 15. Which of the following is used to group species in a phylogeny? a. shared, ancestral characters b. analogous characters c. shared, derived characters d. unique ancestral characters e. unique derived characters 16.What is the main difference between protostomes and deuterostomes? a. the cells in the gastrula are 1 layer thick in protostomes and 3 layers thick in deuterostomes b. the gastrula outpockets in protostomes and inpockets in deuterostomes c. the blastopore becomes the mouth in the deuterostomes and anus in the protostomes d. the blastopore becomes the anus in the deuterostomes and mouth in the protostomes e. the blastopore is lost in the deuterostomes but retained in the protostomes 17. You are working on your farm and start to notice that aphids are increasing in numbers in your potato crop. You have been using the best pesticide on the market for the last 5 years, but damage to your crop keeps increasing. Which of the following is not an application of evolutionary biology to deal with this problem? a. start adding spiders to your crop b. introduce a natural disease that kills aphids c. switching to the next best pesticide for awhile d. purchasing potato stocks that have genes inserted in them that are toxic to insects e. bioengineering potatoes resistant to insect damage 18. Which type of behaviors are most subject to natural selection? a. learned b. habituation c. innate d. avoidance e. social

Exam I Study Guide: Please note that this study guide has many of the terms and concepts that you will need to know for the exam. This does not mean that if you memorize this sheet you will automatically do very well on the exam. You will need to study lecture notes and read or re-read the assigned sections of the book to understand the concepts well enough to do well on the exam. Main topics: The scientific method Evolution Natural Selection Human Evolution Mate Choice Animal behavior Social Behavior Origins of life Speciation Diversity of Life Concepts: Scientific method Descent with modification Natural selection Artificial selection Inheritance of acquired characters Evidence of evolution Hypothesis testing (hypothesis versus theory in science) Microevolution vs macroevolution Integrated pest management Evolution of antibiotic or pesticide resistance biocontrol origins of humans/ cultural evolution mate choice good genes sexy son hypothesis importance of symmetry biological basis of (female versus male) mate choice learned versus innate behavior imprinting habituation social behavior/ evolution of sociality (cost benefit analysis) kin selection language/ gossip fitness principle of use/ disuse homology versus analogy multiregional versus monogenesis model Biological species concept Speed of speciation Pre-zygotic versus post-zygotic reproductive barriers allopatric speciation sympatric speciation adaptive radiation

prokaryotes versus eukaryotes protostomes versus deuterostomes lophotrochozoans versus ecdysozoans Why do we see so many species on Earth? Definitions: types of anthrax bipedalism Hierarchy Hypothesis vs Theory Memes Endemic Necrosis Binomial nomenclature sign stimulus polygyny monogamy polyandry promiscuity with regard to phylogeny node, clade, tip(s) plate tectonics acoelom, pseudocoelom, coelom Historical works: Scala Naturae Temple of Nature Essay on the Principle of Population Principles of Geology On the Origin of Species Systema Naturae Historical figures: Charles Darwin Erasmus Darwin Alfred Wallace Louis Pasteur Thomas Malthus Jean Baptiste-Lamarck Questions to answer on your own (to help you understand some concepts): Why is AIDS so hard to treat? Describe how pesticide resistance evolves. You are hired by the Palouse Agricultural Society as an integrated pest manager. Implement a policy for dealing with pests in the region. Describe the differences between the monogenesis versus multiregional models of human evolution. Why might symmetry be important in selecting a mate? You are physician and your patient asks for an antibiotic prescription but you are pretty sure they have the flu. Please explain your treatment strategy to your patient. Why are cells alive and viruses not alive? Why do we see the vast numbers of species (i.e., biodiversity) on Earth?