1. What is a DSL?

DSL or Digital Subscriber Line is a family of technologies that provides digital data transmission over telephone lines. DSL actually stands for digital subscriber loop. 2. Temp Files & cookies how to delete them? Open internet explorer click on tools & select internet options & now click on delete cookies, delete files & clear history this will erase all the temp files, cookies nd browsing history. 3. What is a modem? A Modem is a device that acts like a bridge between telephone lines & computer. It modulates an analog carrier signal generated by telephone lines to digital(binary) signals which the computer can understand. 4. What is a router? A router is a device in computer networking that forwards data packets to their destinations, based on their addresses. The work a router does it called routing. 5. What is internet? The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and a electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the interlinked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support electronic mail. 6. Different type of internet connections? A.DSL net Internet availed through telephone lines E.g.: BSNL & airtel broadbands B. Cable Net - Cable Modem Broadband A connection through an ordinary coax cable through your digital cable provider is the easiest and most common way to connect to the Internet at high speeds. Most connections average about 400K/second download and 128K upload. Cable's largest advantage is its availability and ability to produce multiple upstreams (when sending). E.g.: Hathway, Sify C. Satellite (HST) This is the most expensive alternative for getting a high-speed connection to the Internet. If you live in a rural area or a spot where other options are not available (as I do), then this is probably your only hope for a high-speed connection. These come in two varieties, 1-way and 2-way. One-way satellites are like television receivers: they only accept signals E.g.: Tata photon, MTS connect, Reliance net connect etc., 7. What is an ISP? An ISP stands for an Internet service provider, the provider from which internet service is acquired. 8. What is IP address? IP Address is the An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. An IP address serves two principal functions: host or network interface identification and location addressing. 9. Different types of IP addresses? Two types of addresses: Static & Dynamic Static IP address remains same all the time whenever we connect to internet Dynamic IP address changes whenever the connection is rebooted.

10. What is a Broadband/ how is a broadband different from a dialup? Broadband Internet access, often shortened to just "broadband", is a high data rate connection to the internet typically contrasted with dial-up access using a 56k modem. Dial-up modems are limited to a bitrate of less than 56 kbit/s (kilobits per second) and require the dedicated use of a telephone line whereas broadband technologies supply more than double this rate and generally without disrupting telephone use. 11. Types of broadband? DSL Broadband * Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) is a technology that delivers broadband over your phone line to be used in the home or office. * With DSL technology, large volumes of information are sent over a copper cable at rapid speeds. * DSL allows you to download web pages, text, graphics, music and video in real time. ADSL Broadband * Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is a technology similar to the DSL technology. * With ADSL, information is downloaded more rapidly than it is uploaded. * ADSL is particularly useful for homes and businesses as it can download web pages and files at fast speeds. * ADSL2 and ADSL2+ are new technologies offered by some providers offering speed up to 24Mbps. One provider offering this service is Be. Symmetric Broadband (SDSL) * Symmetric broadband (SDSL) is a technology similar to ADSL broadband. * SDSL broadband downloads information at the same speed as it uploads information. Whereas ADSL broadband downloads the information faster than it uploads it. * This type of broadband requires an extra telephone line. * SDSL broadband is particularly suitable for businesses that send large volumes of information. Local Loop Unbundling * Local Loop Unbundling (LLU) is where ADSL or SDSL broadband technologies are provided without using the British Telecoms exchange system. * This means that LLU providers can offer broadband features at a competitive price. * LLU is only available in certain parts of UK. Providers include Bulldog and Be. Cable Broadband * There are several ways in which broadband can be delivered to your PC, this type of broadband is delivered through a cable. * Cable companies also offer television and telephone packages as well as broadband Internet services. * Cable companies provide broadband, television or phone packages to about 45% of homes and businesses in the UK. * You can only get cable broadband if a company has cabled your street. * Cable providers include ntl. Satellite Broadband

* There are several ways in which broadband can be delivered to your PC,PC; this type of broadband is delivered through a satellite. * To receive satellite broadband you must have a dish antenna, and can be used almost everywhere in the UK. * There are 2 types of satellite services: * One-way satellite services download information via satellite and upload information via a telephone or IDSN line. * Two-way satellite services download and upload information via satellite. This provides an even higher bandwidth and a faster speed. * Satellite transmission may be affected by weather conditions. * The cost of installing and running satellite broadband can be quite expensive compared with other types of broadband. * Satellite broadband generally has quite high latency (ping times) compared to other broadband, and so is unsuitable for certain types of Internet Access such as online gaming. Wireless Broadband * Wireless broadband is one of the ways in which broadband can be delivered to your PC. * This type of broadband requires an antenna to be installed to get connection to the Internet. * Wireless broadband is particularly suitable for distributing information between buildings and for homes where access to ADSL or cable broadband is unavailable. 12. What is an email client? An email client is a program that allows you to read and send email. Installing an email client on your computer gives you an easy way to download your mail from our server for reading, and to send mail to other computers. Some email clients include Outlook, Eudora, Mutt, and Pine 13. Types of email clients? 1. Graphical: eg: Lotus notes & apple mail 2. Text-based: eg: Gnus 3. Web-based: eg: Citadel 4. Historical: eg: Outlook express 14. What are different types of browsers? Mozilla , Internet explorer, Opera, Flock, Netscape navigator, Google chrome. 15. What is a proxy server? In an enterprise that uses the Internet, a proxy server is a server that acts as an intermediary between a workstation user and the Internet so that the enterprise can ensure security, administrative control, and caching service. A proxy server is associated with or part of a gateway server that separates the enterprise network from the outside network and a firewall server that protects the enterprise network from outside intrusion. 16. What is a URL? URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is the address of the webpage on the world wide web. 17. TCP/ IP TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an extranet). When you are set up with direct access to the Internet, your computer is provided

with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer that you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of TCP/IP. 18. Where is the control panel & how to locate it U can directly click on start and u can see the control panel icon on the right side. Or U can directly open my computer & look for the control panel icon on the left side in other places. 19. What is a network? A Network is a series of computers inter connected to each other. A computer network allows sharing of resources and information among interconnected devices. 20. Types of Networks? LAN, WAN & MAN LAN stands for Local Area Network (network inside an organization like offices and schools) WAN stands for Wide Area Network (AWAN spans a large physical distance. The Internet is the largest WAN, spanning the Earth.) MAN stands for Metropolitan network (a network spanning a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as a city) 21. What is a RAM? RAM stands for Random Access Memory. Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of computer data storage. It is in the form of integrated circuits that allow stored data to be accessed in any order (that is, at random). "Random" refers to the idea that any piece of data can be returned in a constant time, regardless of its physical location and whether it is related to the previous piece of data. Types of RAM: 2 Types SRAM: SRAM stands for STATIC RAM. Static random access memory (SRAM) is a type of semiconductor memory where the word static indicates that, unlike dynamic RAM (DRAM), it does not need to be periodically refreshed, as SRAM uses bistable latching circuitry to store each bit. SRAM exhibits data remanence, but is still volatile in the conventional sense that data is eventually lost when the memory is not powered. DRAM: DRAM stands for DYNAMIC RAM. Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access memory that stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit. Since real capacitors leak charge, the information eventually fades unless the capacitor charge is refreshed periodically. Because of this refresh requirement, it is a dynamic memory as opposed to SRAM and other static memory. 22. What is an Anti Virus? Antivirus or anti-virus software is used to prevent, detect, and remove computer viruses, worms, and trojan horses. It may also prevent and remove adware, spyware, and other forms of malware. Eg: Avast, AVG, Kaspersky, Norton etc., 23. What is an Operating System? An operating system (OS) is software, consisting of programs and data, that runs on computers and manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for efficient execution of various application software. Examples: Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7, Windows 2000, Linux, Mac etc., 24. Blue Screen Error? Blue screen error or blue screen of death (BSOD), named in honor of the error's dreaded display image of white text on a blue background, the BSOD is generated by the operating system when it has suddenly

terminated with an error. The system locks up and must be rebooted. The blue screen may include some hexadecimal values from a core dump that can potentially be used to determine what caused the crash. Simply: A crash in Windows that causes the computer to lock up, and the screen turns entirely blue. The solution is to reboot. 25.