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PELTON WHEEL
Eq. 14 suggests that head varies from axis to periphery. Axial flow fans are designed to have same velocity at all radius. Can you suggest how to do this?
IMPULSE TURBINE
High velocity jet discharging at atmosphere pressure hits the buckets turning the turbine Momentum change is through change in flow direction No velocity change It requires high head As jet velocity is depends on the head (v ~ H0.5) So it is unsuitable for low head Ideal Specific speed is 1- 10 rpm
Turbine selection
In turbine the dependent variable is BHP output which depends on Q, H, n & D Specific speed Nsp compares output with Head Nsp = N(rpm) (BHP)0.5/[{Hft))1.25] Optimum efficiency of turbine depends on its specific speed
Home work
An axial flow fan has a hub diameter of 1.5 m and tip diameter of 2 m. It rotates at 18 rad/s and, when handling 5 m3/s of air, develops a theoretical head equivalent to 17 mm of water. Determine the blade outlet and inlet angles at the hub and at the tip. Assume that the velocity of flow is independent of radius and that the energy transfer per unit length of blade is constant. Air density = 1.2 kg/m3 and water density = 1000 kg/m3 [11.40, 15.10, 19.50, 48.60] (Douglas p-719)