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choroid
sclera
extra-ocular muscle
layer of the afferent fibers (9.)
choroid
sclera
> anterior one-sixth of the this main layer
> transparent
> its junction with the conjunctiva: limbus
> sensory innervation by long ciliary nerves [n. V/1]
> lacks vasculature (!)
> layers
> corneal epithelium (epithelium corneae / epithelium anterius corneae)
> stratified squamous epithelium
> underneath, there are no connective tissue papillae
> free nerve endings from ophthalmic nerve [n. V/1.]
> Bowman's membrane (lamina limitans anterior / membrana limitans anterior)
> acidophil, cell-free membrane
> if injured, it loses its transparency
> substantia propria corneae
> stroma
> keratocytes
> highly regular form of dense collagenous tissue
> Descemet's membrane (lamina limitans posterior)
> acidophil basement membrane
> corneal endothelium / corneal mesothelium (endothelium camerae anterioris)
> simple squamous epithelium
> posterior five-sixths of the this main layer
> opaque
> contains few blood vessels
> provides insertion for the extra-ocular muscles
> layers
> lamina fusca sclerae
> thin layer with occasional melanocytes
> may be considered articial layer on the inner surface of sclera
> scleral stroma
> densely collagenous, hypocellular tissue with elastic fibers
> episcleral layer
> connected with Tenon's capsule by fine delicate collagenous fibers
> important anatomical part
> lamina cribrosa
> perforated layer of the slcera for the passage of optic nerve fibers
> from external view
> conjunctival ring
> beginning of the conjunctiva of the eyeball
> scleral sulcus
> in the middle"
> limbus corneae (corneoscleral junction)
> from internal view
> Descemet s membrane terminates, and trabecular meshwork begins
> iridocorneal angle (angulus iridocornealis)
> trabecular meshwork (spongiosa sclerae)
> drainage of aqueous humor (humor aquosus)
> parts
> trabecules / pectinate ligaments
> spaces of Fontana (spatia anguli iridocornealis)
> there is NO endothelial lining
> is not continuous with the canal of Schlemm
> canal of Schlemm (sinus venosus sclerae / canalis Schlemmi)
> single circular vessel, lined by endothelium
> minute channels (venae aquosae) through the sclera lead to the episcleral venous
system
corneal epithelium
conjunctival ring
Descemet s membrane
iridocorneal angle
trabecular meshwork
canal of Schlemm
ciliary epithelium
> layers
> suprachoroidal lamina (lamina suprachoroidea)
> contains only a few vessels and pigment
> houses the ciliary nerves, posterior ciliary arteries and the vorticose veins
> perichoroidal space (spatium perichoroideale)
> spatial system, part of which forms lymph pathways
> vascular lamina (lamina vasculosa / lamina vascularis)
> precapillary arterioles and postcapillary venules
> choriocapillary layer (lamina choroidocapillaris / lamina choriocapillaris)
> network of fenestrated capillaries
> Bruch's membrane (lamina vitrea / lamina basalis)
> double layer of basement membranes
> blood-retina barrier
> anatomical structure
> orbiculus ciliaris (pars plana)
> ciliary m. (m. ciliaris)
> fibrae meridionales
> fibrae radiales
> fibrae circulares
> corona ciliaris (pars plicata)
> ciliary folds (plicae ciliares)
> ciliary processes (processus ciliares)
> aqueous humor (humor aquosus) is secreted here
> zonula ciliaris [lencse függeszt készüléke]
> suspensory ligament of Zinn (fibrae zonulares)
> attached to the coronal equator of the lens
> histological structure
> stroma corporis ciliaris
> loose connective tissue, with capillary network and ciliary muscles
> epithelium (pars ciliaris retinae)
> outer layer is pigmented
> inner layer is NOT pigmented
stroma corporis ciliaris
epithelium ciliare
ciliary processes
> anatomical structure
> pupillary margin (margo pupillaris)
> lesser arterial circle of iris (circulus arteriosus iridis minor)
> ciliary margin (margo ciliaris)
> greater arterial circle of iris (circulus arteriosus iridis major)
> pectinate ligaments (ligamenta pectinata)
> among them: spaces of Fontana (spatia anguli iridocornealis)
> histological structure
> anterior surface (endothelium camerae anterioris)
> discontinuous epithelium, intermingled with melanocytes and fibrocytes
> stroma iridis
> constrictor m. of the pupil (m. sphincter pupillae)
> innervated by parasympathetic fibers from the oculomotor n.
> pigmented cells (melanocytes)
> dilator pupillae m. (m. dilatator pupillae)
> smooth muscle cells (neuroectodermal by origin) or
> pigmented (!) myoepithelial cells
> innervated by sympathetic fibers from the carotid plexus)
> (membrana limitans iridis)
> membrana basalis
> pigmented epithelium (str. pigmenti iridis / str. pigmentosum / pars iridica retinae)
> bilayered epithelium
endothelium camerae anterioris
stroma iridis
melanocytes
sphincter pupillae m.
dilatator pupillae m.
pigmented epithelium
> parts - as to the development
> neural retina (str. nervosum / str. cerebrale retinae)
> 9 inner histological layers
> pigment epithelium (str. pigmentosum retinae)
> 1 layer simple epithelium, which is pigmented
> parts - as to the anatomy
> light-INsensitive part (pars coeca retinae)
> contains NO photoreceptors
> pars ciliaris retinae
> pars iridica retinae
> (ora serrata - ora serrata)
> here reduce the 10 layers into 2 cell layer of pars
coeca
> light-sensitive part (pars optica retinae)
> contains photoreceptors (rodes and cones)
> (1) > str. pigmentosum / str. pigmenti retinae (pigment epithelium)
> pigmented epithelium
> (2) > str. neuroepitheliale / str. bacilli et coni (rod and cone processes)
> processes of light-sensitive cells: rods (bacilli) and cones (coni)
> (3) > str. limitans externum / membrana limitans externa (outer limiting membrane)
> formed by Müller cells (glial cells)
> (4) > str. granulosum externum / str. nucleare externum (outer nuclear layer)
> somata of the photoreceptor cells
> (5) > str. plexiforme externum (outer plexiform layer)
> between the receptor cells and bipolar cells
> between the horizontal cells and receptor cells
> (6) > str. granulosum internum / str. nucleare internum (inner nuclear layer)
> neurons: bipolar and horizontal neurons, amacrine cells
> cell bodies of Müller cells
> (7) > str. plexiforme internum (inner plexiform layer)
> between the bipolar neurons and ganglion cells
> (8) > str. ganglionare (ganglion cell layer)
> ganglion cells
> (9) > str. neurofibrarum (layer of the afferent fibers)
> unmyelinated optic nerve fibers
> here branch the retinal central blood vessels
> (10) > str. limitans internum / mebrana limitans internum (inner limiting membrane)
> formed by Müller glial cells; demarcates the innermost aspect of the retina from the
vitreous body
> principal refracting media of the eye
> cornea
> lens of eye (lens crystalina)