OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE (COVERS ALL MODULES) 1.

Net Interest income is (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Interest earned on advances Interest earned on investments Total interest earned on advances and investment Difference between interest earned and interest paid

2.Interest rate risk is a type of (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Credit risk Market risk Operational risk All the above

3.European opinion can be exercised on any day at the option of the buyer on or before the expiry of the option. (i) (ii) True False

4.What is the beta factor for corporate finance under Standardized approach ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 15% 18% 12% None of the above

.5.A bank suffers loss due to adverse market movement of a security. The security was however held beyond the defeasance period. What is the type of the risk that the bank has suffered ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Market Risk Operational Risk Market Liquidation Risk Credit Risk

6.The June 1999 Basle Committee on Banking Supervision issued proposals for reform of its 1988 Capital Accord (the Basle II Proposals). These proposals contained MAINLY. (I) (II) (III) (IV) (V) (VI) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Settlement risk management Capital requirements Supervisory review The handling of hedge funds Contingency plans Market discipline

I, III and VI II, IV and V I, IV and V II, III and VI

7.Which of the following is not a type of credit risk ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Default risk Credit spread risk Intrinsic risk Basis risk

8.8% Government of India security is quoted at RS 120/- The current yield on the security, will be---(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 12% 9.6% 6.7% 8%

9.Risk of a portfolio with over exposure in steel sector will be (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) More than systematic risk Equal to intrinsic risk Less than intrinsic risk None of these

10.A company declares RS 2/- dividend on the equity share of face value of RS 5/-. The share is quoted in the market at RS 80/- the dividend yield will be---(i) (ii) 20% 4%

(iii) (iv)

40% 2.5%

How many accounts have suffered rating migration in the following table Rating Migration of 100 A Rated Accounts Migration between 31.03.06 and 31.03.07 Last Rating A No. of Accounts 100 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 2 19 21 25 A++ 1 A+ 1 Present Rating A B+ B 79 10 4 C 3 Default 2

The risk that arises due to worsening of credit quality is (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Intrinsic Risk Credit spread Risk Portfolio risk Counterparty risk

A debenture of face value of As. 100 carries a coupon of 15%. If the current yield is 12.5%. What is the current market price ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Rs.100 Rs.120 Rs.150 Rs.125

In order to develop an capability to actively manage an credit portfolio one must have in place the following: (a) Credit Rating Model (or models for different categories of loans and advances) (b) Develop and maintain necessary data on defaults of borrowers rating category wise, i.e., Rating Migration. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Both 1 and 2 are required Only 1 is required Only 2 is required None of the above

An increase in cash reserve ratio will cause yield curve to (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Shift downward Remain unchanged Become steeper Become flatter

The model that combines five financial ratios using reported accounting information and equity values to produce on objective measure of borrowers financial health is (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Altmans 2 score Credit Metrics Credit Risk + None of the above

A bank holds a security that is rated A+. The rating of the security migrates to A. What is the risk that the bank has faced ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Market risk Operational risk Market liquidation risk Credit risk

When interest rates go up, prices of fixed interest bonds (i) (ii) (iii) Go up Go down Remain unchanged

VaR is not enough to assess market risk of a portfolio. Stress testing is desirable because (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) It helps in calibrating VaR module It helps as an additional risk measure It helps in assessing risk due to abnormal movement of market parameters It is used as VaR measure is not accurate enough

STUDY THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS AND ANSWER (COVERS ALL MODULES) (a) Bond with BBB rating will carry lower interest rate than one with AA rating i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say (b) Fall in interest rate cause the rate causes the bond prices also to fall. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say A normal yield curve is sloping upward. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say
(d)

(c)

Stamp duty on transfer of dematted shares is lower. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(e)

Large Government borrowing can cause yield curve to shift upward. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(f)

Growth Funds assure growth in return. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(g)

If short term interest rates remain higher than the long term interest rates, the yield curve will be inverted. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(h)

Credit rating agencies determine interest rates on debt securities. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(i)

The shares of software companies carry high P/E ratio. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(j)

Closed end mutual funds are trading at discount to NAV. i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(k)

In a rising interest rate phase Zero coupon bond will be traded at a premium i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(l)

A sharp decline in short term interest rates will cause yield curve to be steeper i. False ii. True iii. Difficult to say

(m)

A fall in interest rates reduces the demand for bonds in the secondary market i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(n)

Increase in the cash reserve ratio can cause the yield curve going temporarily inverted. i. ii. False True

iii. (o)

Difficult to say

Dematerialization of stocks has increased turnover on the stock market. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(p)

Tight money and credit policy will cause bond prices to fall. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(q)

Increasing Government borrowing will raise interest rates. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(r)

Bond carrying AA rating will carry highest interest rate than one carrying BBB rating. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(s)

Mutual fund redemption bring bearish influence on the stock market. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(t)

Decline in the interest rates on long dated Govt. bonds will cause yield curve to be steeper. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(u)

Demat shares carry lower stamp duty on transfer than physical shares. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(v)

Increase in interest rates will cause bond prices to fall. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(w)

Growth fund is a mutual fund that invests primarily in equity shares. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(x)

Stamp duty on transfer of demated shares is lowest. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(y)

Large Government borrowing in the market can make the yield curve shift upward. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(z)

Bond with A rating will carry higher interest rate than one carrying BBB rating. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE (COVERS ALL MODULES) When the interest rates fall, the market price of a fixed rate bond (i) (ii) (iii) falls rises does not change

A transaction where financial securities are issued against the cash flow generated from a pool of assets is called (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Securitization Credit Default Swaps Credit Linked Notes Total Return Swaps

Growth Fund is a mutual fund that (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) assures growth in income invests in fixed income securities gives fixed return invests primarily in equities

Operational Risk arises from 1) 2) 3) 4) Inadequate or failed internal processes People and systems External Events Defaults

Which of the following is true ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) All of them None of them (a) , (b) and (c) (a) , (b) and (e)

A decline in cash reserve ratio will cause the yield curve to (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) shift upward shift downward become flatter remain unchanged

The third consultative paper recommended for (a) Cause based classification (b) Effect based classification (c) Event based classification For operational risk. Which of the following is true (i) (a)

(ii) (iii) (iv)

None of them (c) (b)

12% Government of India security is quoted at Rs.120. If interest rates go down by 1%, the market price of the security will be..... (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Rs. 120 Rs.133.3 Rs. 109 Rs. 140

Benefits of integrated risk frame work are: (a) To relate capital and reserves more effectively to their actual level of risk exposure. (b) To evaluate pricing decisions and product profitability. (c) In making risk transfer decisions. Which of the following is true ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) All of them None of them (a) and (b) (b) and (c)

Rewards of proper management of operational risks are (a) Lesser risk capital (b) Cost reductions in operations (c) Competitive edge Which of the following is true ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) All of them None of them (a) , (b) and (c) (a) and (b)

A fall in long term interest rates on Government securities will make the yield curve become (i) (ii) flatter steeper

(iii)

shift downward

A bank expects fall in price of a security if it sells it in the market. What is the risk that the bank is facing ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i) Market risk Operational risk Asset Liquidation risk Market liquidity risk An 8-year 8% semi-annual bond has a BPV of Rs.125. The yield on the bond has

11% Government of India security is quoted at Rs. 110, the yield will be (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 11% 10% 9% None of these

1 day VaR of a portfolio is Rs.500,000 with 95% confidence level. In a period of six months (125 working days) how many times the loss on the portfolio may exceed Rs.500,000 ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 4 days 5 days 6 days 7 days

A fall in interest rates will make prices of Government Securities (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) Go down Go up Remain unchanged None of these

Systemic risk the risk of (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Failure of a bank, which is not adhering to regulations Failure of two banks simultaneously due to bankruptcy of one bank Where a group of banks fail due to contagion effect Failure of entire banking system

If the yield on long dated Govt. securities falls, then the yield curve will became:-

(i) (ii) (iii)

Steeper Flatter Shift downward

11% Govt. of India security is quoted at Rs.110. If the interest rates go down by 1% the market price of the security will be (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Rs.110 Rs.109 Rs.122.2 Rs.130

Balanced fund is a mutual fund that (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Assures income Invests in debt and equity Assure growth Gives fixed returns

Back testing is done to (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Test a model Compare model results and actual performance Record performance None of the above

Under Basel II, Capital requirement under the accord is (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) The maximum Capital that is required to be maintained The minimum Capital that is required to be maintained The capital as specified by the regulatory authority is required to be maintained None of the above

STUDY THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS AND ANSWER (COVERS ALL MODULES) (aa) Fall in interest rates cause the prices of Govt. securities to go up. i. False

ii. iii. (bb)

True Difficult to say

Steeper yield curve means long term interest rates are much lower than short term interest rates. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(cc)

Mutual fund mobilization has bearish influence on the stock market. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(dd)

Convertible debentures carry an element of equity shares. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(ee)

Credit Rating agencies fix interest rates on bonds or debentures issued by companies. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(ff)

Mutual Funds invest only in equity shares. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(gg)

Favorable monsoon brightens the prospects for stock market. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(hh)

Large Government borrowings cause debt securities prices to rise. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(ii)

Falling interest rates have benefited investors in debt securities mutual funds. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(jj)

Large government borrowing would cause interest rates to go down. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(kk)

Falling interest rates cause NAVs of debt mutual fund to go down. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(ll)

Bond with BBB rating will carry lower interest rates than one with A rating. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(mm) Money market mutual funds do not invest in equity shares. i. ii. iii. (nn) False True Difficult to say

SEBI gives credit rating to securities issued in the capital market. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(oo)

Mutual funds can offer guaranteed returns. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(pp)

Large government borrowings will cause interest rates to go up. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(qq)

A mutual fund scheme; with a entry load will have its sale price higher than its NAV. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

(rr)

Security with A rating will carry higher interest rate than one with BB rating. i. ii. iii. False True Difficult to say

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE (COVERS ALL MODULES) A fall in the interest rates causes Govt. Securities to (i) (ii) (iii) Remain stable Fall Rise

Capital charge for credit risk requires input for PD, LGD, EAD and M. Under advanced IRB approach, who provide the input for LGD. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Bank Supervisor Function provided by BCBS None of the above

A debenture of Rs.100 carrying 15% coupon rate is quoted in the market at Rs.135/-. The current yield on this debenture will be (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 13.5% 15% 11.11% 10%

Investment in Post Office time deposit is

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

Zero risk investment Low risk investment Medium risk investment High risk investment

If the short term interest rates are temporarily higher than the long term interest rates, the yield curve will be (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Sloping upward Inverted Zigzag Horizontal

Premature payment of a term loan will result in interest rate risk of type (i) Basis risk (ii) Yield curve risk (iii) Embedded option risk (iv) Mismatch risk A company with equity capital of Rs.50 crores (Face Value of Rs.10/- per share) makes gross profit of Rs.70 crores and net profit after tax of Rs.25 crores. If the market price of its equity share is Rs.50, the PE ratio will be (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 50 5 10 20

Daily volatility of a stock is 1%. What is its 10 days volatility approximately ? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 3% 10% 1% 4%

If call money rates are temporarily higher than the long term interest rates, the yield curve will be (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Slopping upwards Zigzag Inverted Horizontal

Capital charge component of pricing accounts for

1) Cost of capital 2) Internal generation of capital 3) Loss provision Which of the following is true.? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) All the statements are correct Statements 1 and 2 are correct Statements 2 and 3 are correct Statements 3 and 1 are correct

Equity oriented mutual funds (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Assure income Assure growth Invest in debentures Invest in shares

A bank funds its assets from a pool of composite liabilities. Apart from credit and operational risks, it faces (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Basis risk Mismatch risk Market risk Liquidity risk

A branch sanctions Rs.1 core loan to a borrower, which of the following risks the branch is taking 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Liquidity risk Interest rate risk Market risk Credit risk Operational risk

All of them 1,2 and 3 only 1,4 and 5 only 1,2,4 and 5 only

A rise in Government securities prices will make yield curve (i) (ii) (iii) Slope upward Shift downward Remain stable

(iv)

Shift upward

Risk mitigation measures result in 1) Reducing downside variability 2) Reducing upside potential which of the following is true (i) Both the statements are correct (ii) Both the statements are not correct (iii) Statement 1 is correct (iv) Statement 2 is correct 9% Government of India security is quoted at Rs.120. The current yield on the security will be (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 12% 9% 7.5% 13.3%

Financial Risk is defined as (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Uncertainties resu1ting in adverse variation of profitability or outright losses Uncertainties that result in outright losses Uncertainties in cash flow Variations in net cash flows

Strategic Risk is a type of (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Interest Rate Risk Operation Risk Liquidity Risk None of the above

Objective of liquidity management is to: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Ensure profitability Ensure liquidity Either of two Both

A mutual fund charges 1% entry load and no exit load. Its NAV is Rs.16; its sale and repurchase price will ----(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Rs.16 and Rs.15.80 Rs.16.16 and Rs.15.84 Rs.15.84 and Rs.16 Rs.16.16 and Rs.16

Banks need liquidity to: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Meet deposit withdrawal Fund loan demands Both of them None of them OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE (COVERS ALL MODULES) A fall in interest rate of long dated government securities with the short term interest rates remaining unchanged will make the yield curve. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Steeper Slop downward Shift downward Flatter

Adequacy of banks liquidity position depends upon: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Sources of funds Anticipated future funding needs Present and future earnings capacity All of the above

Current yield on a government security is 5%. If the market price of the bond is Rs.160, the coupon rate on the bond will ---(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 6% 5% 8% 10%

Assets represent source of funds where as liabilities denote the use of funds in a balance sheet.

(i) (ii) (iii)

True False Difficult to say

Deregulated environment has narrowed spreads of the banks. (i) (ii) (iii) True False Difficult to say

Asset Liability management is only management of maturity mismatch and has no bearing on profit augmentation. (i) (ii) (iii) True False Difficult to say

A rise in the short term interest rates with the long term interest rates remaining unchanged will make the yield curve -----. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Steeper Shift upward Flatter Slope upward

Net Interest Margin is also known as Spread. (i) (ii) (iii) True False Difficult to say

A scheme of mutual fund has units with face value of Rs.10 and NAV of Rs.37. The Fund declares a dividend of 35% in the scheme. The ex-dividend NAV will be ------- per unit. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Rs.37 Rs.2 Rs.33.50 Rs.35.5

7.5% coupon interest Government Security is quoted at Rs.120. Its current yield will be ----------.

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

8.55% 6.25% 7.75% 7%

A company with equity capital of Rs.15 crores makes PBIDT of Rs.15 crores and PAT of Rs.10 crores. The face value of its share is Rs.5 and PE is 10, the market price will be ---------. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Rs.50 Rs.66 Rs.33 Rs.100

CASE STUDIES (COVERS ALL MODULES) 1. A company with equity of Rs.10 crore, earns PBIDT of Rs.30 crore. It incurs interest cost of Rs.35 crore depreciation of Rs.5 crore and pays Rs.10 crore as tax. It has reserve of Rs.30 crore (excluding current years profits) and long terms debt of Rs.35 crore. It pays 50% dividends and transfer remaining profit to reserves. Its share of Rs.10 face value is quoted at Rs.150/Find the following---(i) Earning per share PAT = ----------------- x 10 Equity = (ii) 30 (5 + 5 + 10) -------------------- x 10 = 10 10 ------- x 10 = Rs.10 10

Book value of share = Equity + Reserves = 10 + 30 + 5 = Rs.45

(iii)

Return on Net worth PAT = ---------------NW 10 = -------------- x 100 45 = 22.2%

(iv)

Debt-equity ratio = 35: 45 = 7:9

(v)

P/E ratio PE = MP / EPS = 150 / 10 = 15

(vi)

Payout ratio Dividend = ----------PAT x 100 = 5 -------- x 100 = 50% 10

2. A company with equity of Rs. 10 crore earns PBIDT of Rs. 40 crore. It incurs interest of Rs.5 crore, depreciation of Rs. 5 crore and pays tax of Rs. 10 crore. It has reserves of Rs. 30 crore (Excluding current years profits) and long term debt of Rs. 50 crore. It pays 100% dividend and transfers remaining profit to reserves. Its share of Rs. 10 face value is quoted at price of Rs. 200. Find the following : (i) Book value of share after current year's profit transferred to reserves. Book Value = Equity + Reserves + Current years (PAT Div) = 10 + 30 + (20 10) = Rs..50 (ii) Earning per share EPS = PAT / Equity 20 40 ( 5+5+10) = ------------------ x 10 10

(iii)

--- x 10 = Rs.20 10 Return on net worth 40% Return on net worth = PAT x 100 -----------NW 50 ------ = 50 20 = ------- x 100 = 40% 50

(iv)

Debt-equity ratio 1:1 Debt equity ratio = 1:1

(v)

P/E ratio 10 M.P. = EPs x PE 200 = 20 x PE PE = 10

(vi)

Payout ratio 50% Dividend ----------PAT 10 = ---- = 50% 20

IMPORTANT KEY WORDS FOR PRACTICE Appreciation: An increase in the market value of an asset. Arbitrage: (i) Dealing between two centres to take advantage in the rate due to a temporary difference in the rates between two places. (ii) The simultaneous trading (purchase/sale OR sale/purchase) of assets to take advantage of price differentials. Asset creation: Acquisition of assets/ investments

Balance sheet: A Financial Statement that indicates the type and amount of assets, liabilities and Capital of a firm as on a particular date. Base currency: The currency against which another currency is quoted. [Eg. INR 39.4880/USDwherein INR is quoted currency and USD is base currency] B R: Bankers Receipt. This is a receipt issued by the Bond/ security selling bank when the original scrip/ Bond is not immediately deliverable for settlement. Bid: The price quoted by someone to buy the asset or borrow funds. Broker: Intermediaries who match buyers and sellers Or borrowers and lenders and receive a commission (brokerage) for such intermediation.

Concurrent auditor: A professional, generally an external guy (not a staff), who checks/ audits the day to day transactions and reports. His main task is to check whether the laid down systems/procedures/policy has been complied with, in each transaction and report the discrepancies to the Management. Cover: To take out forward contracts to protect against exchange fluctuation between todays date and due payment date. Deal: A transaction undertaken by the Dealer in the domestic market or Foreign Exchange market binding the Bank.

Deal confirmation: Written advice from one counterparty in a deal to the other in which the main terms and conditions of the deal are confirmed. Fixed rate currency: Currency having a fixed rate of exchange within narrow limits versus another reference currency, usually the dollar. Floating rate currency: Currency having its exchange rate determined by market forces including Central Bank intervention. Forex: Foreign Exchange. Forward contract: Any contract for settlement later than spot date. Forward-Forward deal: Simultaneous purchase and sale of one currency for different forward value dates. Funding of assets: Borrowing done, when assets are more than the Liabilities of the bank. Hedge: Action taken by the Bank to reduce or eliminate a risky exposure. Intra day position: Open position run by a dealer within the day. This is generally reduced to square or nearly so before close of business. Keeping arms length: Not to influence/interfere or get influenced/interfered.

Liquidity risk: The variation in net income and market value of bank equity caused by the banks difficulty in obtaining immediate funds, either by borrowing or selling assets. LIBOR: London Interbank Offered Ratethe rate at which major Banks in London offer to lend in the interbank market. Nostro account: A Banks account with a foreign Bank. NSE: National Stock Exchange NSE terminals: Computer nodes through which screen driven trading can be conducted in the NSE.

Offer: Rate at which the Bank/dealer sells or lends. Open position: Difference between total purchases and total sales in a given currency on which an exchange risk is run. Premium: Difference between spot price and price for forward settlement. Proactive: One who acts in advance before others react, anticipating the market move. Reserves: Qualifying assets to meet the statutory reserve requirements.

Settlement of deals: Verification of the deal terms/calculations, obtention of Deal confirmation from the counterparty, Brokers contract, documentation of the transaction and arranging the delivery of the documents. SGL account: Subsidiary General Ledger Account maintained with RBI for Govt. Securities transactions. Spot deal: A deal for currency for delivery two business days from today. Spot next: A deal from the spot date until the next day, either as a deposit or a swap. Spread: Difference between the cost of funds and return from the funds.

Volatile market: Market wherein the prices/rates are fluctuating in a wide band/ range Vostro account: A foreign Banks account with a local Bank. Wire agency: News reporters, which are transmitting the information/news instantaneously through tele-net work. Reserves: Assets qualifying to meet statutory requirements. CRR: Cash Reserve Ratio

SLR: Statutory Liquidity Ratio Asset Liability Maturity Mismatches: Case when either gross Financial Assets outgrows Capital & Liabilities or vice versa Demand and Time Liabilities (DTL): Sum of Demand Deposits and Fixed deposits including inter bank deposits Government Stock/Loan/Securities/Gilts: Loans raised by Government to meet its fiscal deficits. These are issued in the form of tradable bonds. NDTL for SLR: Gross DTL less Inter Bank Deposits. NDTL for CRR: NDTL for SLR less exempted categories of liabilities. Delivery versus Payment (DVP) System: System where the securities are delivered against simultaneous payment. As both the legs of delivery and payment are simultaneous Settlement Risk is avoided. SGL Transfer Form: RBI prescribed format printed on semi security paper for effecting security transactions in the SGL account of the bank. Authorized Signatories: Officials (generally back office staff) who are authorized to execute/ sign SGL Transfer Forms and other documents and whose specimen signatures are lodged with RBI and other counterparts in the market. Bank Rate:

Interest rate at which RBI lends to Sch. Comm. Banks. Refinance Rates and penalty on default of CRR are pegged to Bank Rate. RBI is using Bank Rate as a tool to send interest rate signals to the market. Local Bank Account: Account with SBI and/or such other Bank, which is managing the Clearing house, through which the Clearing net proceeds are and where the Bank is maintaining a current account for passing the Clearing inflows and outflows. Cash Surplus Branch: Branch which collecting and holding cash more than its stipulated limit/ normal payment requirement. Purchased Funds: Funds sourced at the at market determined rates (different from rates offered to the public). Repoable Securities: Securities which are approved for Repo transactions. Discretionary Liabilities: Liabilities/resources raised at the discretion of the borrower. Buyers Market: Market where the demand is less and supply is more. Buyer has better choice for selection/negotiation since sellers (supply) outnumbers the buyers (demand). CAR: Capital Adequacy Ratio. DVP System: Delivery versus Payment (DVP) system is the Settlement system wherein delivery of the Stock/security and Payment of consideration are made simultaneous. In case if one side of the transaction doesnt go through (say, for want of good delivery), the RBI holds

back the other side of the transaction (payment of consideration). By this, settlement risk is totally hedged. Derivative Usance Promissory Note (DUPN): Usance Promissory note drawn by the discounting Bank against the underlying Bills. While rediscounting the Bills, actual endorsement and delivery of these Bills are not necessary. Instead this Promissory Note is delivered. Since this Note derives its value from the underlying Bills, this is called Derivative Usance Promissory Note. Maximization of Spreads: Difference between the Total cost of funds and total return from it gives the spread. Spreads can be maximized either by reducing the cost and/or increasing the return from it. Maximization of Net worth: Increasing the profits of the business so that maximum profits can be ploughed back to Reserves. This maximizes the Net worth of the Company and thereby increases the Shareholders value.

GAP: It is the difference between the Rate Sensitive Assets (RSA) and Rate Sensitive Liabilities (RSL). GAP is said to be positive when RSA > RSL. Duration GAP: Difference between the aggregate duration of Assets and aggregate duration of Liabilities is Duration Gap. Market Interest Rate: The interest rate, or discount rate, or yield to maturity is an interest rate which changes constantly, depending on various factors like demand/supply of the Financial asset, future economic outlook, etc. Face Value:

The principal value or the Maturity value of the Bond, which is printed on the bond and which is fixed throughout the bonds life. Coupon Rate: The fixed rate of interest which is printed on the Bond certificate is called Coupon rate. Coupon rates are contractual rates that cannot be changed after the bond is issued. Time Value of Money: In order to understand this concept, it is important that we are familiar with discounted cash flow analysis. It is known that: a. b. c. People have a positive time preference for money; A rupee today is worth more than a rupee received in the future; People postpone their current consumption and save only if their future consumption opportunities will be more because of their savings; d. Since money earns interest, it takes more future rupees to equal the value of a rupee today. The above show that money has a time value. Future Value: The process of going from todays value or Present Value (PV) to Future Value (FV) is called compounding. To understand this, consider the case where an investor put Rs 100 in the Bank at 10 per cent p.a. This means that Rs 100 today is equivalent to its Future value of Rs 100 x (1 + 0.10) = Rs 110 one year from now. Future Value at the end of second year is Rs110 x (1 + 0.1) = Rs 121. This can be expressed by the formula: FV = PV (1+i) n

Where: i = interest rate and n is number of years Present Value: The process of calculation from Future Value to todays value (Present Value) is called discounting. In the above quoted example the Present value of Rs 121 to be received from the Bank at an interest rate of 10 per cent is Rs 100.00. The process of discounting is simply the inverse process of compounding. Accordingly, the Present Value (PV) can be found out as follows: PV = FV / (1+i) n Net Present Value: Suppose an investment of Rs.100 generates a net cash flow of Rs 115 from one year from now and if the cost of funds for the Bank is 10 per cent, the investment is worth doing. To find out how much wealth does the investment creates for the capital, the future value of Rs 115 is discounted at the cost of capital, i.e.,10 per cent. 115 PV of Rs 115 = = Rs 104.55 (1 + 0.1) Since the initial cost of investment is only Rs 100, the Net Present Value, i.e., the wealth created for the shareholders, is found out as. NPV = PV of the future revenue initial cost = 104.55 100 = Rs 4.55 The net present value (NPV) approach can be extended to more complex situations. Using the same logic as above, to find the NPV of an asset with an initial investment of cost of C and net cash flows at subsequent dates from year 1 to year n is: cash flow 1 cash flow 2 + (1+r)2 cash flow n + ................ (1+r) n +

NPV = () C+ (1+r)1 Bond Valuation:

Bond is a contractual obligation to pay: i. ii. iii. Coupon/interest specified on the Bond; at fixed intervals; Principal amount with or without premium, if specified any, at maturity.

The Present value or price of the Bond is therefore: i. PV of the future stream of cash flows (interest payments and Principal) discounted at prevailing market interest rates; ii. At the time of new issue, coupon interest and market interest are ideally the same and expressed as follows: C1 (Cn + M) Bond Value (VB) = + + (1+i)(1+i)2 (1+i)n n = t =1 Where: C1.. Cn = i = n = M = period coupon payment from year 1 to n market interest rates, prevailing period to maturity Principal with / without redemption premium C (1+i)t + M (1+i) n (1+i)3 + + C2 C3

The value of the Bond will change if there is a change in the market interest rate (i). If market interest rate goes up beyond the coupon rate, the value of the bond will fall so that

the new investor (buyer) would earn market interest rate despite the fact that the coupon of the Bond would continue to give fixed lower income. Likewise if market interest rate declines below the coupon rate, the value of the bond will appreciate so that the new investor (buyer) earn only lower market interest rate despite the fact that the coupon of the Bond would continue to give fixed higher income. Such equilibrating adjustment in bond price/ value is knows as bond dynamics. We learnt that the value of the Bond depends on the coupon rate vis--vis prevailing market interest rates. We can summarize the above as follows: i. Whenever the market interest rate rise above the coupon rate of the bond, the price of the bond will fall; ii. if the market interest rate falls below the coupon rate of bond, the price of bond will appreciate; iii. if there is no change in the market interest rate from bond coupon rate, the price of bond will remain the same.

Annuity: This is a series of equal payments made at fixed intervals for a specified number of periods. If the payments are made at the end of the period, it is known as ordinary annuity or deferred annuity. If payments are made at beginning of period, then it is an annuity due. Formula for Future value of an ordinary /deferred annuity is: FVAn = A (1+r) + A (1+r) +......+A Where FVAn = A= r= n= Future value of an annuity with n periods Constant/regular cash flow Interest rate Duration of the annuity

YIELD: Yield is defined as an overall return to an investor on his investment. With respect to yield on Bonds/GOI securities, three types of yields are discussed: Nominal yield: This is the annual interest rate specified on the Bonds, irrespective of its price (i.e., whether quoted at a premium or at a discount). This is also known as Coupon of the Bond. Current yield: This is the effective yield an investor earns keeping in mind the current market price of the Bond. This is given by the formula: Nominal yield or Coupon Current Yield = Current market Price x 100

Yield to maturity: This term popularly known as YTM connotes redemption yield and is very useful for Treasury Managers whose investment horizon is long term. YTM can be interpreted as the bonds average compounded rate of return if the bond is bought at the current asked price and held until it matures and the face value is repaid. That is, YTM can be defined as the discount rate that equates present value of all cash flows to the present market price of the Bond. Future cash flows includes interest and capital gain/loss. This can be algebraically expressed as follows: Let the Bond with a face value of A of coupon C with a term to maturity of n years is quoted/traded at a market price of P, then

(C + A)

+ (1+y)1

(1+y)2

+ + (1+y)3 (1+y)n

Where y is the discount rate (to be found by trial & error method ) at which the cash flows are discounted so that the right hand side of the above equation tallies/equates with the Price P (left hand side) of the Bond. The 'y' so derived would be the Yield to maturity (YTM) of the bond. It implies that, if the Bond is held till maturity and the Coupons/Cash flows received are reinvested at the 'y' rate itself, the overall yield on the Bond will be 'y', which is its YTM. An example would further help to understand the mechanics of the YTM. Suppose the market value of Rs 100 (face value) bond carrying coupon of 13 per cent p.a. maturing after 7 years is quoted Rs 109.45 in the market. The YTM of the bond is found by discounting the yearly coupon flows of Rs 13 in the next 6 years and Rs 113 (Principal of Rs 100 + coupon of Rs 13) at the end of 7 year at a rate (to be found by trial & error method), say r so that the Present value of such cash flows sums to Rs 109.45 Rs 13 (PVIFA) + Rs 100 (PVIF) = Rs 109.45 PVIFA being the Price Value Interest Factor for the 7 year Annuity and PVIF the Price Value Interest Factor for 7 years to be taken from the PVIFA table and PVIF table (available in all standard Finance Text Books) for a 7 year term, by trial and error method. Accordingly for 7 years (PVIFA) at 11% and for 7 years (PVIF) at 11% = = 4.712 0.482

Then LHS of the equation becomes 13 x (4.712) + 100 x (0.482) = Rs 109.45 Then 11 per cent is said to be the YTM of the bond, also described as the Internal Rate of Return, (IRR). In other words, in the above example, if the above bond is held by the buyer till maturity the overall return from the Bond will be 11 per cent. However as the above process will be time consuming, YTM can be found by approximation as follows. C + (A P)/n YTM = X 100 (A + P) /2

Where

C A P n

= coupon = Face Value/maturity Value = Price paid for the Bond = term to maturity

Applying this in the above example, 13 + (100 109.45)/ 7 YTM = = (100 + 109.45)/ 2 13 1.35 = X 100 = 11.12% 104.725 However underlying assumption in the YTM concept is that the coupons/cash flows received during the tenure of the bond is reinvested at YTM rate, which may not be true since the market interest rates will always be changing from time to time. 13 + ( 9.45/7) 104.725

Holding Period/Realized Yield: When the holder/investor is going to disinvest the Bond before its maturity, the overall yield earned by him from the Bond is known as Holding Period Yield or Realized Yield. Let us understand this with the help of an example: Suppose you are holding a 10 year Bond with a Face value of Rs 100 and coupon 8 per cent. After 3 years, when the interest rates move up to 10 per cent for 7 years term, you want to sell this Bond. As the interest rates have moved up, naturally you may have to sell the Bond at a discount. The selling price for the Bond by using the Bond Valuation Formula as follows:

8 (1.10)

8 = (1.10)2 90.25

8 +

108

+ + + (1.10)3

(1.10)7

This shows that the Bond have to be sold at a below par value of Rs 90.25, thereby incurring a capital loss of (100 90.25) = Rs 9.75. Now to find the Realized yield on the 8 per cent bond for the period of 3 years held and with a redemption value of Rs 90.25 (as the sale proceeds of the Bond), the YTM formula is used as follows: 8 (1+r) 1 8 (1+r) 2 (8 + 90.25) (1+r) 3

+ -- + = 100

Where r is the Realized or Holding Period Yield. Accordingly, we get the Realized yield r = 4.9 per cent. However as it is much lower than the promised yield of 8 per cent, the seller incurs a loss of (8 4.9) = 3.1 per cent returns on his Bond.

Yield Spreads: Yield spreads are the differences between the yields of any pair of bondsusually a zero risk bond and another risky bondof same maturity. {Yield on risky bond} {Yield on zero risk bonds} = {yield spread} Yield spreads are also called risk-premiums because they measure the additional yield that risky bonds pay to induce investors to buy more-risky bonds rather than less risky bonds. Yield on Discounted instruments:

The issue price of a discounted instrument is calculated as follows: F D where, D F r n = = = = Discounted value of the instrument Maturity Value Effective rate of interest per annum Tenure of the instrument ( in days) = 1 + {( r x n)/36500}

Conversely to find out the yield from a discounted instrument, the following formula can be derived from the above one, (F D) r = D where, D F r n = = = = Discounted value of the instrument Maturity Value Effective rate of interest per annum Tenure of the instrument ( in days) 365 X X n 100

REPO Transactionscalculations: Assume Bank A borrows from Bank B an amount of Rs 10 crores for a period of 14 days from 10.10.2005 to 24.10.2005, at an interest rate of 8 per cent against its holding of 11.50 per cent GOI 2007 (Interest Payment dates of this stock are 5th April and 5th October of the year). As already stated earlier, the transaction involves 2 legsFirst leg/Ready leg and Second leg/Forward leg. The calculation for both legs are explained below: Working

(Note:

While calculating interest accrued on Government securities, 360 days are

considered for an year.) FIRST LEG/READY LEG on 10.10.2005: Bank B) Calculation for first leg is as if Bank A is selling the security (11.5 per cent GOI 2007) outright to Bank B at the market price of Rs 100. This is as follows: Principal (Rs 10 crs. @ 100.00) Accrued int.on the stock = (10 crs x 11.5% x 5/360) First/Ready leg settlement amount...(1) 10,01,59,722.22 from Bank B) = = Rs 1,59,722.22 Rs 10,01,59,722.22 = Rs 10,00,00,000.00 (Bank A sold 11.50 per cent GOI 2007 to

(It may be understood from the above transaction, that Bank A borrowed Rs

FORWARD/SECOND LEG on 24.10.2005: (Bank A bought back the stock from Bank B) Though the second leg transaction is to be calculated as if Bank A is buying outright the security from Bank B, to arrive at the buying rate/price, the calculation has to be done on the reverse way, as follows: 1. Calculate the settlement amount Bank A has to pay Bank B which is = Amount borrowed + interest @ 8% for 14 days (Repo rate) = Rs 10,01,59,722.22 + Rs 3,07,339.42 Settlement amount = Rs 10,04,67,061.64 2. From this subtract accrued interest on the stock till date. Accrued interest on the stock = 10,00,00,000 x 11.5% x 19 ---------

360 = Rs 6,06,944.44 Settlement amt. Accrued interest = 10,04,67,061.64 6,06,944.44 Rs 9,98,60,117.20 3. Resulting amount of Rs 9,98,60,117.20 is the principal amount for the Rs 10 crore value stock. Hence to get rate of repurchase, divide this value by nominal value i.e. 9,98,60,117.20 -----------------10,00,00,000 Now based on this rate, the accounting is done as follows: Principal (Rs 10 crs. @99.860117) = Rs 9,98,60,117.20 = 99.860117

Accrued int. on the stock = (10 crs x 11.5% x19/360) Forward/second leg settlement amt = (1) + int @ 8% for 14 days = (2) = Rs 10,04,67,061.64 = Rs 6,06,944.44

h1 Question 1 Which of the following statements is correct?a) Marketing is the term used to refer only to the sales function within a firm b) Marketing managers usually don't get involved in production or distribution decisions c) Marketing is an activity that considers only the needs of the organization, not the needs of society as a whole d) Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering,and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large Question 2

The term marketing refers to:a) New product concepts and improvements b) Advertising and promotion activities c) A philosophy that stresses customer value and satisfactiond) Planning sales campaignsQuestion 3 In the history of marketing, when did the production period end?a) In the late 1800s b ) In the early 1900s c) In the 1920sd ) After the end of the Second World War Question 4 A marketing philosophy summarized by the phrase "a good product will sell itself" is characteristic of the _________ period.a) Productionb) Sales c) Marketing d) RelationshipQuestion 5 Which of the following factors contributed to the transition from the production period to the salesperiod? a) Increased consumer demand b) More sophisticated production techniquesc) Increase in urbanization d)The Great DepressionQuestion 6 An organisation with a ______ orientation assumes that customers will resist purchasing products notdeemed essential. The job of marketers is to overcome this resistance through personal selling andadvertising.a) Production b) Marketing c) Relationship d) Sales Question 7 In the relationship marketing firms focus on __________ relationships with __________.a) Short term; customers and suppliers b) Long term; customers and suppliersc) Short term; customers d) Long term; customersQuestion 8 Political campaigns are generally examples of:a) Cause marketing b)

Organization marketing c) Event marketing d) Person marketing Question 9 The Coca Cola organisation is an official sponsor of the Olympics. The firm is engaging in:a) Place marketing b) Event marketingc) Person marketing d) Organization marketingQuestion 10 Today's marketers need...a) Neither creativity nor critical thinking skills b) Both creativity and critical thinking skillsc) Critical thinking skills but not creativity d) Creativity but not critical thinking skillsQuestion 11 Which of the following is NOT an element of the marketing mix? a) Distribution b) Product c) Target market d) PricingQuestion 12 The term "marketing mix" describes: a) A composite analysis of all environmental factors inside and outside the firm b) A series of business decisions that aid in selling a productc) The relationship between a firm's marketing strengths and its business weaknesses d) A blending of four strategic elements to satisfy specific target markets Question 13 Newsletters, catalogues, and invitations to organisation-sponsored events are most closely associated withthe marketing mix activity of: a) Pricing b) Distributionc) Product development d) Promotion

Question 14 The way in which the product is delivered to meet the customers' needs refers to: a) New product concepts and improvements b) Sellingc) Advertising and promotion activities d) Place or distribution activities Question 15 The key term in the American Marketing Association's definition of marketing is: a) Process b) Customersc) Stakeholders d) Value Question 16

A critical marketing perspective is the process of determining: a) The value of a product, person, or idea b) How places compete with each other c) The worth and impact of marketing activities d) Which type of promotional strategy works bestQuestion 17 When customer expectations regarding product quality, service quality, and value-based price are met orexceeded, _____ is created.a) Customer satisfaction b) Planning excellencec) A quality riftd) A value lineQuestion 18 A market orientation recognizes that: a) Price is the most important variable for customers b) What the customer thinks he or she is buying is what is important c) Selling and marketing are essentially the same thingd) Sales depend predominantly on an aggressive sales forceQuestion 19 Four competing philosophies strongly influence the role of marketing and marketing activities within anorganization. Which if the following is NOT a marketing management philosophy? a) Customer orientation b) Profitability orientation c) Marketing orientationd) Competitor orientationQuestion 20 In order for exchange to occur:a) A complex societal system must be involved b) Organized marketing activities must also occur

General English Directions-(Q. 21-24) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions. There was a time in my life when beauty meant something special to me. I guess that would have been when I was about six or seven years old, just several weeks or may be a month before the orphanage turned me into an old man. I would get up every morning at the orphanage, make my bed just like the little soldier that I had become and then I would get into one of the two straight lines and march to breakfast with the other twenty or thirty boys who also lived in my dormitory. After breakfast one Saturday morning I returned to the dormitory and saw the house parent chasing the beautiful monarch butterflies that lived by the hundreds in the bushes strewn around the orphanage. I carefully watched as he caught these beautiful creatures, one after the other, and then took them from the net and then stuck straight pins through their head and wings, pinning them onto a heavy cardboard sheet. How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty. I had walked many times out into the bushes, all by myself, just so the butterflies could land on my head, face and hands so I could look at them up close.

When the telephone rang the house parent laid the large cardboard paper down on the back cement step and went inside to answer the phone. I walked up to the cardboard and looked at the one butterfly who he had just pinned to the large paper. It was still moving about so I reached down and touched it on the wing causing one of the pins to fall out. It started flying around and around trying to get away but it was still pinned by the one wing with the other straight pin. Finally its wing broke off and the butterfly fell to the ground and just quivered. I picked up the torn wing and the butterfly and I spat on its wing and tried to get it to stick back on so it could flyaway and be free before the house parent came back. But it would not stay on him. The next thing I knew the house parent came walking back out of the back door by the garbage room and started yelling at me. I told him that I did not do anything but he did not believe me. He picked up the cardboard paper and started hitting me on the top of the head. There were all kinds of butterfly pieces going everywhere. He threw the cardboard down on the ground and told me to pick it up and put it in the garbage can inside the back room of the dormitory and then he left. I sat there in the dirt, by that big old tree, for the longest time trying to fit all the butterfly pieces back together so I could bury them whole, but it was too hard to do. So I prayed for them and then I put them in an old torn up shoe box and I buried them in the bottom of the fort that I had built in the ground, out by the large bamboos, near the blackberry bushes. Every year when the butterflies would return to the orphanage and try to land on me I would try and shoo them away because they did not know that the orphanage was a bad place to live and a very bad place to die. 21. Why had the author walked into the bushes many times? (A) So that he could save the butterflies (B) So that the butterflies could sit on his head, face and hands (C) So that he could give the butterflies to the house parent (D) So that he could kill the butterflies (E) None of these Ans: (A) 22. In the passage what has the author compared the orphanage to ? (A) An educational institute (B) An old age home (C) A nursery

(D) A military school (E) None of these Ans: (D) 23. Which of the following words can be used to describe the author? (A) Cruel (B) Adventurous (C) Daring (D) Caring (E) None of these Ans: (E) 24. What did the author do with all the butterfly pieces? (A) He stuck all the pieces together (B) He put them in a shoe box and buried them in the ground (C) He gave them away to the house parent (D) He threw them away in the garbage can. (E) None of these Ans: (B) Directions-(Q. 25-27) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases are printed in bold to help you to locate them while answering some of the questions. The wife of the headman of a village died soon after giving birth to a baby boy. The headman was inconsolable but was persuaded by his family and friends to marry again so that the child would have someone to look after him. Fortunately, his second wife turned out to be a large-hearted and sensible woman who gave the child all the love and care he would have received from his own mother. In the course of the years she presented the headman with two more sons, but her affection for the oldest never diminished. She treated all three boys alike and the two younger ones

never realised they had a step-brother. When the headman passed away, the widow entrusted the responsibilities of the household and the fields to the eldest son and he managed them so well that the family prospered. This made the neighbours envious. One day, one of them told the widow's sons the truth about their eldest brother and advised them to drive him away from the house lest he should deprive them of their share of their father's property. The boys shocked at the revelation and frightened by the prospect of losing their share of the property, decided to murder him. When they told their mother about what they planned to do, she said to them: "Don't dirty your hands, I will get rid of him for you. "That night when everybody was asleep, she suddenly jumped out of bed and started shouting : "Snake ! Snake !" Where ? Where did you see it, mother?" asked the eldest son, getting up from his mat. "Alas," said the widow. "I saw it disappearing into your stomach." The young man turned pale. From that day on, he lost all appetite for food and would lie on his mat the whole day long. Soon he became so weak that he could not even sit up on his mat. The neighbours rejoiced and took advantage of the situation. They built a wall across the widow's courtyard and claimed a part of the house as their own. In the fields they shifted their boundaries to enclose large portions of the widow's lands. The younger sons could not deal with the situation and one day they said to their mother : "If our elder brother was not bed-ridden, such terrible things would not have happened to us." The widow kept quiet, but in the dead of the night she again started shouting : "Snake! Snake !" Everyone woke up. "Where ... where did you see it mother ?" asked the eldest son, weakly. "Son, I saw it coming out of your stomach," replied the woman. "It disappeared into the darkness." From that day on, the condition of the eldest son started improving. Soon he was able to walk into the courtyard where he saw the new wall. "Who has built this !" he thundered. The neighbours came running and meekly pulled down the wall. The following week he went to the family fields and seeing the new boundaries shouted: "Who has done this !" The neighbours trembled in fear and quickly vacated the land they had grabbed. The widow and her three sons lived in peace and harmony ever after. 25. Why did the headman marry again? (A) His family and friends threatened him into a second marriage (B) So that his wife could take care of his child (C) He was a rich and lonely man and needed someone to share his wealth with (D) His wife had made him promise that he would marry again (E) He fell in love with a large hearted and sensible woman who promised to take care of his son Ans: (B)

26. Why were the neighbours envious of the headman's family? (1) The family was prospering and doing well. (2) The headman left his widow wife with three dutiful sons. (3) The widow discriminated between her younger sons. (A) Only (1) (B) Only (2) (C) Only (3) (D) Only (1) and (3) (E) Only (2) and (3) Ans: (A) 27. Which of the following is/are true regarding the widow's sons? (1) They thought of murdering their elder brother. (2) They were responsible for placing a snake in the house. (3) They were envious of their step-brother. (A) Only (1) (B) Only (2) (C) Only (3) (D) Only (1) and (3) (E) None of these Ans: (A) Directions-(Q. 28-30) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are printed in bold to help you to locate them while answering some of the questions. Vishnu Raman was an Indian magistrate who lived about a hundred years ago. He was

famed for the fairness of his judgements. One day while the magistrate was walking through the market he saw a crowd outside a poultry shop. On enquiring what the matter was he learnt that a worker had accidentally dropped a heavy sack on a chicken, crushing it to death. The chicken was small, worth only about five rupees, but the owner of the shop had caught the worker by his throat and was demanding a hundred rupees. His argument was that the chicken would have grown into a plump bird in another two years and then it would have fetched him the amount he was asking for. Somebody in the crowd recognized the agistrate, and every-body made way for him. "Judge our case, your honour !" said the owner of the chicken, letting go of the worker and wing respectfully to the magistrate. "This man, through his carelessness has caused the death of a chicken that would have fetched me a hundred coins in another two years !" Fear had made the worker's speech incoherent. Nobody could understand what he was saying. "The price put on the chicken is hundred rupees," said the magistrate, to the worker. "I advise you to pay the owner." There was a gasp from the crowd. Everybody had expected the magistrate to favour the poor worker. The owner of the chicken was over-joyed. "They said you were fair in your judgements" he said, rubbing his hands in glee, "now I can say there is no one fairer than you !" "The Law is always fair," smiled the magistrate. "Tell me, how much grain a chicken would eat in a year ?" "About half a sack," said the poultry shop owner. "So in two years the chicken who died would have eaten a whole sack of grain," said Vishnu Raman."Please give the sack of grain you've saved to the worker." The chicken owner turned pale. A sack of grain would cost more than hundred rupees. Frightened by the shouts from the crowd, he declared he would not take any money from the worker, and retreated into the safety of his shop in the end. 28. What was the commotion in the market about? (A) The worker quitting his job (B) The shop owner beating the magistrate (C) The magistrate's visit to the market (D) The death of a chicken (E) The missing money from the owner's shop Ans: (D) 29. Why was the shop owner asking for a hundred rupees? (A) The worker could afford to pay him (B) The worker purposely killed the chicken

(C) He was a greedy man (D) He wanted to sell the chicken for a hundred rupees (E) It would cost that much to buy another chicken Ans: (C) 30. What was Vishnu Raman well known for? (A) He was well known for his respectable position (B) He was well known for his honesty (C) He was well known for his fairness of judgement (D) He was well known for time management (E) None of these Ans: (C)

Computer Fundamental 31. Which of the following languages is more suited to a structured program? (A) FORTRAN (B) PL/1 (C) BASIC (D) PASCAL (E) None of the above Ans: (D) 32. Which part of the computer displays the work done ? (A) monitor (B) printer

(C) RAM (D) ROM (E) None of these Ans : (A) 33. A computer assisted method for the recording and analyzing of existing or hypothetical systems is (A) Data transmission (B) Data processing (C) Data capture (D) Data flow (E) None of the above Ans: (D) 34. The brain of any computer system is (A) CPU (B) Memory (C) ALU (D) Control unit (E) None of the above Ans: (A) 35. What difference does the 5th generation computer have from other generation computers? A. Scientific code B. Technological advancement C. Object Oriented Programming

D. All of the above E. None of the above Ans: (B) 36. One Kilo Byte represents : (A) 1064 bytes (B) 1000 bytes (C) 512 bytes (D) 1024 bytes (E) 1144 bytes Ans: (D) 37. Which of the following computer language is used for artificial intelligence? (A) FORTRAN (B) COBOL (C) C (D) PROLOG (E) None of the above Ans: (D) 38. The tracks on a disk which can be accused without repositioning the R/W heads is (A) Surface (B) Cluster (C) Cylinde (D) All of the above

(E) None of the above Ans: (C) 39. The time taken by CPU to retrieve and interpret the instruction to be executed is called as : (A) Fetch cycle (B) Instruction cycle (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) All of these (E) None of these Ans: (B) 40. Which of the following is a logic gate? (A) AND (B) OR (C) CPU (D) Both (A) & (B) (E) None of these Ans: (D) General Awareness (With special reference to banking industry) 41. Indirect tax collections in October 2011 dropped by 2.5 percent to Rs 30,278 crore on account of a slowing economy. Indirect tax comprises which of the following? (A) corporate, excise and service tax (B) customs, excise and service tax (C) service, excise and sales tax (D) value added tax, sales tax and income tax

Ans: (B) 42. Former Israeli president Moshe Katsav was on 22 March 2011 sentenced to seven years in jail after being convicted for rape. To which of the following parties does he belong to? (A) Kadima (B) Likud (C) United Torah Judaism (D) Labor Party Ans: (B) 43. Which of the following public sector banks in November 2011 froze its lending to the power sector? (A) State Bank of India (B) Allahabad Bank (C) Punjab National Bank (D) United Bank of India Ans: (B) 44. According to a UN study what is Indias rank among a total of 187 countries in terms of Human Development Index? (A) 95 (B) 134 (C) 119 (D) 73 Ans: (B) 45. Indirect tax collections in October 2011 dropped by 2.5 percent to Rs 30,278 crore on account of a slowing economy. Indirect tax comprises which of the following?

(A) corporate, excise and service tax (B) customs, excise and service tax (C) service, excise and sales tax (D) value added tax, sales tax and income tax Ans: (B) 46. The Indian government in March 2011 conferred the Miniratna status on which of the following PSUs? (A) National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) (B) Air India Charters Ltd (C) Cement Corporation of India (D) HMT Machine Tools Ltd Ans: (A) 47. Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee on 31 October 2011 inaugurated a fully secure government e-payment system. Which of the following facts regarding the epayment system is not true? 1. e-payment system will enable the Central government to directly credit dues into the accounts of beneficiaries. 2. It has been developed by Comptroller & Auditor general of India. 3. It has been designed to serve as middleware between COMPACT (computerised payment and accounts) application at PAOs and the core banking solution (CBS) of the agency banks/Reserve Bank of India, to facilitate paperless transaction. 4. The e-payment system will save both time and effort in effecting payments and also facilitate the elimination of physical cheques and their manual processing. (A) 1 & 2 (B) Only 1 (C) Only 2

(D) 1 & 3 Ans: (C) 48. The Shunglu Committee set up to probe corruption in organising the Commonwealth Games (CWG) on 23 March 2011 submitted its second report to the Cabinet Secretary. Which private developer was indicted in the second report? (A) Emaar MGF (B) Royale Builders and Developers (C) Green Field Real Estate (D) DLF Ans: (A) 49. According to the tiger Census 2010, the number of tigers in India increased from 1411 to__. (A) 1706 (B) 1672 (C) 1511 (D) 1611 Ans: (a) 1706 50. In the Sunderbans, the tiger Census took place for the first time. In which one of the following states of India Sunderbans is located? (A) West Bengal (B) Orissa (C) Andhra Pradesh (D) Tamil Nadu Ans: (A) West Bengal, next to the Bay of Bengal