PowerPoint Presentation

Chapter 8
PLC Installations and Startup
PLC Installations Receiving a PLC PLC Enclosures Electrical Noise PLC Power Supplies PLC Installation Safety PLC Wiring PLC Startup Initial PLC Checks Input Section Checks Output Section Checks Program Checks Final Checks

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Installation issues that a technician must address include receiving a PLC, PLC enclosures, electrical noise, power supplies, safety, and wiring.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

When receiving a PLC and any associated hardware, there are several procedures that must be followed.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

An enclosure protects a PLC from the surrounding environment and protects technicians from contact with energized parts.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

PLCs can be mounted to a backpanel or to a DIN rail.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Fans, cooling units, and/or solar shields are used to prevent excessive heat buildup inside PLC enclosures.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Proper installation of a PLC in an enclosure should prevent most electromagnetic interference problems.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

PLCs have separate metal raceways (conduits) for voltage supply wires and signal wires.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Ground lug connections must be tight and mechanically sound to guarantee a good electrical connection.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

The twisting of conductors and the shield/drain wire provide enhanced noise reduction. The shield/drain wire is only grounded at one end (the PLC end) when connected to analog input devices.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

PLC power supplies, input devices, output components, and related items use a common power source to avoid ground loops and mismatched hot and neutral phases and to ensure all items are powered up and powered down together.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Emergency stop buttons are wired to master control relays (MCRs) and are located on machinery and process equipment to protect equipment and personnel.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Hold-up time is the length of time a PLC can tolerate a power loss without affecting operation.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

In order to prevent noise-related problems, conductors of different voltage levels and signal types must be separated as much as possible and must not be tywrapped together.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

The three methods for terminating PLC wiring in an enclosure are direct, terminal strip, and interface module.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

When input devices and output components are connected to an interface module, a prefabricated cable must be used to connect the interface module to the PLC.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Input and output modules are chosen according to the type of module and voltage level required for an application.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

PLC input and output modules are placed in a PLC chassis to ensure optimum performance and prevent noise-related problems.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

A sourcing PLC input or output has the negative () polarity connected to the field device, while a sinking PLC input or output has the positive (+) polarity connected to the field device.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Technicians performing a PLC startup require specific startup items.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Initial checks are visual tests performed by a technician before any power is applied to a PLC.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Input section (or module) checks verify that input devices function properly and are wired to the correct PLC input terminal.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Output section (or module) checks verify that all output devices function properly and are wired to the correct PLC output terminal.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

Program checks verify that a PLC program functions properly without the application or process that the PLC controls actually being run.

Chapter 8 PLC Installations and Startup

A final check verifies that an application or process controlled by a PLC functions properly in RUN mode under actual conditions.