STATEMENT; TO FIND COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION OF SURFACES GIVEN

Theory;

Friction is a resistive force in relative motion of two sufaces in contact it is due to interlocking of microscopic un evens of both surfaces Static friction occurs when two surfaces are still at rest with respect to each other, but an attempt is being made to cause one of them to slide over the other one. The coefficient of static friction, typically denoted as s, is usually higher than the coefficient of kinetic friction .

kinetic friction occurs in motion it is less than static to this less force is required to make a moving body to continue its motion so matematicaly it become fs= mg N = mg Mg = mg = m/M

factors effecting friction the smoothness of the contacting surfaces, increase in the weight of the body causes an increase in the amount of resistance offered to the relative motion of the surfaces in contact. Pressure forces acting on surfaces Surface composition Surface interactions of attraction or repulsion(colums forces)

Apparatus Following is appratus Sliding plane surface Weights inextensible string Glass(surface ) sand paper(surface) hanger mass measurement apparatus

PROCEDURE: A wooden block is set up in horizontal plane. Vertically downward connected a hanger a spring over the pulley with wooden block. Applied load and increased by a periodic difference of 5 g until block moves. If the movement is fast then taken mean with the last weight applied. Calculated the coefficient of friction by formula = mavg / M Where M is mass n grams of the wooden block Repeated steps 3 & 4 by changing weight of wooden block. Taken mean of coefficient of friction calculated. Repeated steps 1 to 6 by taking contact surfaces as glass and then by taking contact surfaces as sand paper.

CALCULATIONS: Following are findings in experiment performed Sand paper over wood M (gm) mslow 225 325 425 90 110 150 m (gm) mfast 95 120 160 mavg 92.5 115 155 0.411 0.354 0.368 =
mM

avg(sand paper-wood)= 0.378

Wood-glass surface m M (gm) mslow 190 290 390 490 55 70 90 100 mfast 60 75 95 105 mavg 57.5 72.5 92.5 102.5 0.303 0.25 0.237 0.209 (gm) =
mM

avg(glass-wood) = 0.4995

Wood-wood surface m M (gm) mslow 200 300 400 80 110 135 mfast 85 115 140 mavg 82.5 112.5 137.5 0.4125 0.375 0.3438 (gm) =
mM

avg(wood-wood) = 0.377 DISCUSSION: The experimental results show that wood-glass surface has the least coefficient of friction, 0.4995 and the wood sand paper surface has high coefficient of friction. This means that is high for rougher surfaces like in wood-sand surfaces and low in plane surfaces like wood-glass surfaces,because is depend upon the nature of contact surfaces. The experiment contained sources of error, which can be observed in the readings tabulated.

Precautions

 Put load slowly in hanger For sufficient speed of block use average load Surfaces must be clean Take care that block shouldnt fall in its motion