Secondary One Express Mathematics Chapter 1 Factors And Multiples

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1.1

Primes, Prime Factorisation and Index Notation Objectives: a) To be able to recognize prime numbers. b) To be able to express a composite number as a product of prime factors c) To know how to represent the prime factorisation of a number in index notation References: Textbook 1A Chapter 1.1 page 2 Workbook Chapter 1 Discovering Maths Questions Bank (DMQB) Past Years O-level Examination Partial Question

Factors And Multiples To understand the concept of factors, take a number say 12. The number can be expressed as a product of two equal or smaller whole numbers as shown below. Each of the equal or smaller whole numbers is a factor of 12.

12 = 1 12 12 = 2 6 12 = 3 4
On the reverse,

Each of the whole numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 is known as the factor of 12 because 12 is divisible by each of them to give a whole number result.

1 12 = 12 2 6 = 12 3 4 = 12

The whole numbers 12 is the multiple of the whole numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12

When a non-zero whole number is multiplied by a non-zero whole number such as 1x12, 2x6 or 3x4, the results so obtained is known as the multiple 12 of each of the whole numbers.

Read Textbook1A page 2 Example 1. Then do Try It 1 below with the teacher.
Example (Try It 1!) Solution:

Prime Numbers

A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 that has only two factors, 1 and itself.
Examples of prime numbers are: 2 3 5 7

(2= 1 2) (3= 1 3) (5= 1 5) (7= 1 7)

Composite Number

A composite number is a whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors.
Examples of composite numbers are: 4 6 10

(4= 1 2 2) (6= 1 2 3) (10= 1 2 5)

Read Textbook1A page 2 Example 2. Then do Try It 2 below with the teacher.
Example (Try It 2!) Solution:

Prime Factorisation

Prime Factorisation is the way to express a composite number as a product of prime factors only. Read Textbook1A page 5 Example 3. Then do Try It 3 below with the teacher.
Example Try It 3 solution.

Index Notation (Used to express the product of repeated whole numbers) Example of index notation, 4 is the index index of 6 to the power of 4, notation 4

6 6 6 6= 6

base

where 6 is the base of the notation and 4 is the index

Read Textbook1A page 6 Example 4. Then do Try It 4 below with the teacher.
Example Try It 4 solution. 3

Practice 1.1 (Classroom Work) based on Text Book Exercise 1.1 Please Do on foolscap paper Question 3 from page 6, Questions 4, 5, 6, 9, 11a and 13 from page 7. Your answers to be attached to this handout. Answers to Practice 1.1 Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 9

Question 11a

Question 13

Assignment 1.1 (To do in class and/or complete as Homework) Answer all questions Questions From Textbook Exercise 1.1 1. Answer Question 19 from page 8 Question 19 Solution 2. Answer Question 21 from page 8 Question 21 Solution

3. Answer Question 22 from page 8 Question 22 Solution

Workbook Chapter 1 Questions 4. 1.

(WB CHAP 1 Q1ab)

5.

WB CHAP 1 Q2ab

6.

WB CHAP 1 Q3ab

7.

WB CHAP 1 Q4ab

Questions From Discovering Mathematics Questions Bank (DMQB) 8.

DMQB CHAP 1 Q1a

9.

DMQB CHAP 1 Q2a

10.

DMQB CHAP 1 Q28

11.

DMQB CHAP 1 Q30

12

DMQB CHAP 1 Q38

O-Level Examination Partial Question 13. Written as the product of its prime factors, 300 = 23 32 5 . (a) Write 108 as the product of its prime factor.
N2006P1Q8a

Solution: N2006P1Q8a (a) 108 = 22 33 8