Audience analysis is identifying audience characteristics to communicate more effectively with them.

In identifying the characteristics, audience motivation, audience demographic and audience physiological profile are the three aspects need to be considered to conducting audience analysis. Audience motivation refers to the need of speaker to know why the audience is gathered and attracts to the speech given. Hollingsworth categorized audiences into six groups which are pedestrian, passive, selected, concerted, organized, and absence audiences. First are pedestrian audiences which are the audiences that not intended to listen to the speech. Passive audience is the group that listens in order to accomplish the speech goals. Next, selected audiences choose to listen on selected subject or topic only. Selected audiences divide into two: homogenous which is a group of audience which has similar attitudes with the speaker or hostile, the group of audience that hostile or negatively-react towards the topic or speaker. The fourth is concerted, which is the audience group that positive towards the topic but do not know what they can do about it. Next is organized audience. They are audiences that highly motivated to act but need some guidelines in how to acts to it. The final one is absence audience. This type of audience is separated from real-time speech by distance or time and they using advance technology like internet, radio and television to listen to speech. Audience demographic involves in identifying audiences by population they represents for examples ethnicity, races, religion, gender, occupational and social economic status and many more. This type of analysis reduces or eliminates to raise some sensitive issues during the speech that can inappropriately raising a conflict or even a war. However, the speaker need to bear in mind that in each individual, these elements functioning together rather than separately. Physiological profile of audiences involves an assessment or evaluation of audiences belief, values and attitudes. By assessing the audiences physiological approach to the topic that you want to talk about, you could prepare your speech in such way that no member of the audiences would feel insulted by your speech. Besides that, the speaker needs to consider the time and environment in which the speech is take place. The audience must be comfortable during their speech. In conclusion, every audience is unique, yet it is possible to indicate a limited number of typical audiences, and it is important that the speaker classify his or her audience correctly. In the end, the speaker and the audience involves in interactive process in which you and the audience form an impression to one another.