Engineering Info

To Find 1. Basic Geometry Given

Diameter Circumference

Formula
Circumference = Diameter = 3.1416 x diameter Circumference / 3.1416

Circumference of a circle Diameter of a circle

2. Motion
Ratio RPM

High Speed & Low Speed

Ratio = RPM = FPM = Ratio = Ratio =

Feet per Minute of Belt and Pulley Diameter Belt Speed Feet per Minute RPM & Pulley Diameter Ratio Teeth of Pinion & Teeth of Gear Ratio Two Sprockets or Pulley Diameters

RPM High RPM Low FPM .262 x diameter in inches .262 x RPM x diameter in inches Teeth of Gear Teeth of Pinion Diameter Driven Diameter Driver

3. Force - Work - Torque

Force (F) Torque (T) Diameter (Dia.) Work Chain Pull

Torque & Diameter Force & Diameter Torque & Force Force & Distance Torque & Diameter

F= T= Diameter = Work = Pull =

Torque x 2 Diameter ( F x Diameter) / 2 (2 x T) / F Force x Distance (T x 2) / Diameter

4. Power

Chain Pull Horsepower Horsepower Horsepower Torque Torque

Horsepower & Speed (FPM) Force & Speed (FPM) RPM & Torque (#in.) RPM & Torque (#ft.) HP & RPM HP & RPM

Pull = HP = HP = HP = T #in. = T #ft. =

(33,000 x HP)/ Speed (Force x Speed) / 33,000 (Torque x RPM) / 63025 (Torque x RPM) / 5250 (63025 x HP) / RPM (5250 x HP) / RPM

5. Inertia

Accelerating Torque (#ft.)

WK2, RMP, Time Torque, WK2, RPM WK2 at Load, Ratio

T= t= WK2 Motor =

Accelerating Time (Sec.) WK2 at motor

WK2 x RPM 308 x Time WK2 x RPM 308 x Torque WK2 Ratio2

6. Gearing

Gearset Centers Pitch Diameter Pitch Diameter Diametral Pitch Module Circular Pitch Circular Pitch Number of Teeth Number of Teeth Tooth Depth Tooth Depth

Pd Gear & Pd Pinion No. of Teeth & Diametral Pitch No. of Teeth & Module Pd & No. of Teeth Pd & No. of Teeth Pd & No. of Teeth Diametral Pitch Pd & DP Pd & Module Diametral Pitch Module

Centers = Pd = Pd = DP = Module = CP = CP = Teeth = Teeth = TD = TD =

( PdG + PdP ) / 2 Teeth / DP (Teeth x Module) / 25.4 Teeth / Pd (Pd x 25.4) / Teeth (3.1416 x Pd) / Teeth 3.1416 / DP Pd x DP (Pd x 25.4) / Module 2.35 / DP (2.35 x Module) / 25.4

Engineering Info
To Find 7. Belting
Effective Tension Effective Tension Effective Tension Effective Tension Total Load

Given
T1 and T2 HP, RPM, Pulley Radius Torque, Pulley Radius Horsepower, Belt Velocity (FPM) T1 & T2 Torque, Diameter Effective Tension, Belt Factor f = 1.50 V-Belts f = 2.50 flat belts Horsepower, Speed (RPM) Diameter, factor f = 1.0 chain f = 1.25 gear drives f = 1.50 V-belts f = 2.50 flat belts Weight Te = Te = Te = Te = TL =

Formula
T1 - T2 63025 x HP RPM x R Torque / R (HP x 33000) / FPM T1 + T2 (T x 2) / Diameter Te x f 126000 x f x HP Diameter x RPM

8. Overhung Load
Overhung Load Overhung Load Overhung Load

OHL = OHL = OHL =

Overhung Load

OHL =

Weight

9. Electricity

Motor Speed (RPM)

Number of Poles

RPM = HP = HP = HP = Watts = Watts = HP =

Horsepower Single Phase or Volts, Amps, Power factor Direct Current Motor Efficiency Horsepower 3 Phase Motor Volts, Amps, Power factor Efficiency Horsepower Watts Horsepower Kilowatts Motor Power (Watts), Single Phase Volts, Amps, Pf, Eff. Motor Power (Watts), 3 Phase Volts, Amps, Pf, Eff.

120 x HZ No. of Poles Volts x Amps x Pf x Eff. 746 Volts x Amps x 1.73 x Pf x Eff. 746 Watts / 746 KW / .746 V x Amps x Pf x Eff. 1.73 x V x Amps x Pf x Eff.

10. Temperature

Degrees Fahrenheit Degrees Centigrade

Degrees Centigrade Degrees Fahrenheit

o o

F= C=

(1.8 x o C) + 32 5/9 (oF - 32)

11. Metric Conversions

Inches x 25.4 = Millimeters Pounds x .455 = Kilograms U.S. Gallons x 3.785 = Liters Pounds (Force ) x 4.448 = Newtons Pounds inches x .113 = Newton Meters Horsepower x .746 = Kilowatts Pounds/in2 (psi) x .0069 = Newtons/mm2 BTU x .00029 = Kilowatt Hours

Millimeter x .0394 = inches Kilogram x 2.2 = pounds Liter x .264 = U.S. Gallon Newtons x .2246 = Pounds (Force) Newton Meters x 8.85 = Pound-ins. Kilowatts x 1.34 = Horsepower Newton /mm2 x 145 = Pounds/in2 Kilowatt Hours x 3415 = BTUs

Engineering Info Engineering Calculations Quick Reference Guide

Torque (Torque, Pound-inches) (RPM) Horsepower = 63,025 (Torque, Pound-feet) (RPM) Horsepower = 5,252 Flywheel Effect, WR2 0.17773F (Do4 - D14) NY (Do - Z)3 lb.-ft2 WR2 = 1000 1000 for gray iron. Multiply by 1.08 for steel. Where: D0 = Outside diameter of rim, inches. D1 = Inside diameter of rim, inches. F = Face width of rim, inches N = Number of grooves Y = Groove constant from table Z = Groove constant from table

Torque Required to Accelerate or Decelerate a Flywheel The torque required to uniformly accelerate or decelerate a sheave, pulley or flywheel can be calculated as follows: .03908 x N x W x R2 .003257 x N x W x R2 Torque (in. lbs.) = t Torque (ft. lbs.) = t N = Difference between initial and final RPM. W = Weight of rim in pounds. R = Mean Radius of Sheave Rim, Pulley or Flywheel in feet. t = Time required to effect speed change, in seconds.

Data for WR2 Calculations Add to PD Groove Pitch Diameter to find Do 3V - - 5V - - 8V - - A Multi-Duty All .75 B Multi-Duty All .35 A All .25 B All .35 C Up to 18.0 .40 C 20.1 to 50.0 .40 D Up to 20.0 .60 D 20.0 to 58.0 .60 E (Special) .80

Outside Diameter (D0) Outside Minus Inside Diameter (D1) Diameter (in) for Standard Sheaves up to 10.6 1.2 10.7 to 25.0 1.3 25.1 to 35.5 1.5 up to 21.2 1.9 21.2 to 31.5 2.0 37.5 to 50.00 2.2 up to 22.4 2.7 22.5 to 53.0 2.9 53.1 & up 3.0 - 1.6 - 1.6 1.5 - 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.9 3.0 -

Y .113 .113 .113 .320 .320 .320 .885 .885 .885 .377 .377 .238 .384 .696 .696 1.280 1.280 2.050

Z .30 .30 .30 .50 .50 .50 .80 .80 .80 .50 .50 .40 .50 .65 .68 .90 .90 1.14

Engineering Info
V-Belt Drive Factors
Arc of Contact Correction Factors G and R Small Sheave Arc of Contact 1800 1740 1690 1630 1570 1510 1450 1390 Small Sheave Arc of Contact 1330 1270 1200 1130 1060 990 910 830

D-d C .00 .10 .20 .30 .40 .50 .60 .70

Factor G 1.00 .99 .97 .96 .94 .93 .91 .89

Factor R 1.000 .999 .995 .989 .980 .968 .954 .937

D-d C .80 .90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50

Factor G .87 .85 .82 .80 .77 .73 .70 .65

Factor R .917 .893 .866 .835 .800 .760 .714 .661

D = Diam. of large sheave C= Center distance d = Diam. of small sheave

Allowable Sheave Rim Speed Sheave Material

Rim Speed in Feet per Minute

Cast Iron ..........................................6,500 Ductile Iron .....................................8,000 Steel...............................................10,000

NOTE: Above rim speed values are maximum for normal considerations. In some cases, these values may be exceeded. Consult factory and include complete details of proposed application.

Short Cut Ways to Figure Pump Drives *D = Diameter of pump sheave *d = Diameter of engine sheave SPM = Strokes Per Minute RPM = Engine Speed in Revolutions Per Minute R = Gear box ratio *C = Shaft center distance *Required values to determine belt length Belt length = 2C + 1.57 (D+d) + (D-d)2 4C RPM = SPM x R x D D = RPM x d d SPM x R R = RPM x d d = SPM x R x D SPM x D RPM SPM = RPM x d RxD

Bearing Load Calculations

To find actual loads, it is necessary to know machine component weights and values of all other forces contributing to the load. Sometimes it becomes desirable to know the bearing load imposed by the V-belt drive alone. This can be done if you know bearing spacing with respect to the sheave center and shaft load and apply it to the formula:

Overhung Sheave Load at B, lbs = Shaft Load x (a+b) a Load at A, lbs = Shaft load x b a Where: a and b = spacing, inches

Sheave Between Bearings Load at D, lbs = Shaft Load x c c+d Load at C, lbs = Shaft Load x d c+d Where: spacing, inches

Engineering Info
V-Belt Tension Belt Effective Pull HP T1 - T2 = 33,000 V Belt Speed

( )

(PD) (RPM) V = 3.82 = (PD) (RPM) (.262) Where: V = Belt Speed, feet per minute PD = Pitch Diameter of sheave or pulley RPM = Revolutions Per Minute of the same sheave or pulley Tight Side Tension HP T1 = 41,250 GV Where:

Where: T1 = Tight Side Tension, pounds T2 = Slack Side Tension, pounds HP= Design Horsepower V = Belt Speed, feet per minute Total Belt Pull T1 + T2 = 33,000 (2.5 - G)

( )
HP GV

( )

Where: T1 = Tight Side Tension, pounds T2 = Slack Side Tension, pounds HP= Design Horsepower V = Belt Speed, feet per minute G = Arc of Contact Correction Factor Arc Correction Factor 1 G = 1.25 1- e5123 Where:

T1 = Tight Side Tension, pounds HP = Design Horsepower V = Belt Speed, feet per minute G = Arc of Contact Correction Factor

Slack Side Tension T2 = 33,000 (1.25 - G) Where:

( )
HP GV

= arc of contact in radians

T2 = Slack Side Tension, pounds HP = Design Horsepower V = Belt Speed, feet per minute G = Arc of Contact Correction Factor

Belt Length Belt Length = 2C + 1.57 (D+d) + (D-d)2 4C Belt Length = Belt outside diameter D = O.D. of large sheave d = O.D. of small sheave C = center distance between shafts