Painting

Painting
FA 28 V AY 2011 - 2012 Acopiado. Araos. Ligot. Macapinlac. Or.

Painting
A two-dimensional art form, which includes any form of artistic expression done on a flat surface and with a suitable instrument.

History of Art in the Philippines

History of Painting in the Philippines

History of Painting in the Philippines

As a form of artistic expression, painting was not practiced in the Philippines before the introduction of Western artistic traditions.

History of Painting in the Philippines

As a form of artistic expression, painting was not practiced in the Philippines before the introduction of Western artistic traditions. Although early local carvings like the Maranao torogan and kulintangan were found covered in paintings, these colors were applied only as an ornament .

History of Painting in the Philippines

As a form of artistic expression, painting was not practiced in the Philippines before the introduction of Western artistic traditions. Although early local carvings like the Maranao torogan and kulintangan were found covered in paintings, these colors were applied only as an ornament .

History of Painting in the Philippines

As a form of artistic expression, painting was not practiced in the Philippines before the introduction of Western artistic traditions. Although early local carvings like the Maranao torogan and kulintangan were found covered in paintings, these colors were applied only as an ornament .

History of Painting in the Philippines

As a form of artistic expression, painting was not practiced in the Philippines before the introduction of Western artistic traditions. Although early local carvings like the Maranao torogan and kulintangan were found covered in paintings, these colors were applied only as an ornament .
Source: http://www.ncca.gov.ph/animation/pambata/ourcountry/kulintang2.gif

16th
-

centurymid-19th century

Artisans (of both Chinese and Filipino descent) in the Philippines were being taught by the friars to paint sacred images for worship - Primarily used wood and cloth as support for painting - Until the 19th century, painting was primarily used for church and religious use
(source:Philippine Art History: Visual Arts BY: PROF RONNIE ESPERGAL PASIGUI)

Religious paintings stressed correct iconography rather than realistic rendering figures were rendered flatly and frontally, since they strove not for realism but symbolism - Some genre paintings (Tipos del Pais) for anthropological research
-

Source: http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/lot_details.aspx?intObjectID=4966601

19th
-

century

Rise of the ilustrados, the local merchant class The ilustrados became the new patrons of the arts Secularization of art Emergence of portrait as a separate genre Trending of miniaturist painting such as letras y figures - Filipino artists sent abroad as pensionados, or government scholars to European academies Rise of historical paintings Rise of genre paintings (late 19thearly 20th centuries) as well as landscape, seascape, etc. Artists were encouraged to observe the folk in their daily work Brought about a self-reflective quality to Philippine art - Artists were more and more concerned with the academically correct

an example of letras y figuras

Jose Honorato Lozano (1815-1855) watercolour on Manila paper 23 x 28in. (58.4 x 71.2cm.) Source: http://www.paintingsphilippines.com/2011/03/letras-y-figuras-painting-has-found-his.html

an example of letras y figuras

Jose Honorato Lozano (1815-1855) watercolour on Manila paper 23 x 28in. (58.4 x 71.2cm.) Source: http://www.paintingsphilippines.com/2011/03/letras-y-figuras-painting-has-found-his.html

20th century (American colonization)

-favored

landscapes, genre and still lifes -emergence of nudes (started late 19th century; popularized 20th century onwards) -1930s: dominant visual form was rural genre Amorsolo school as local Academy: Amorsolo, Pineda, Miranda, Castaeda, Buenaventura and Herrera contributed significantly in genres of idyllic countryside scenes -1960s: on-the-spot landscape painting became popular (impressionist influence) -Modernism, as triggered by the exhibit of Victorio Edades (1928) To the idealization of Amorsolo, counterpoised expressiveness Expanded art into contemporary concerns Concept of painting as a construct of the artists own invention Raised the issue of national identity in art 1950s-1969: Carlos Francisco made paintings inspired by indigenous aesthetics of line, form and color (Philippine Struggles Through History) Emergence of neorealism, abstraction, magic realism (Nestor Leynes Bigas series), etc.

an example of rural genre

Fernando Amorsolo Source: http://www.marketmanila.com/archives/a-modern-day-amorsolo-country-scene

an example of rural genre

Fernando Amorsolo Source: http://www.marketmanila.com/archives/a-modern-day-amorsolo-country-scene

Victorio Edades
National Artist (1895- 1985)

Victorio Edades
National Artist (1895- 1985) Source: http://www.kulay-diwa.com/victorio_edades

Victorio Edades
National Artist (1895- 1985) Source: http://www.kulay-diwa.com/victorio_edades

Victorio Edades
National Artist (1895- 1985) Source: http://www.kulay-diwa.com/victorio_edades

Victorio Edades
National Artist (1895- 1985) Source: http://www.kulay-diwa.com/victorio_edades

Victorio Edades
National Artist (1895- 1985) Source: http://www.kulay-diwa.com/victorio_edades

Source: http://www.filipinobooks.com/_borders/Book_of_Days_--_Carlos_Francisco_--_Cover_small.jpg

Source: http://www.filipinobooks.com/_borders/Book_of_Days_--_Carlos_Francisco_--_Cover_small.jpg

Mag-ina sa Banig
Nestor Leynes, 1960
Source: http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Folk_Beliefs/mga_sanggol_at_mga_bata.htm

Mag-ina sa Banig
Nestor Leynes, 1960
Source: http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Folk_Beliefs/mga_sanggol_at_mga_bata.htm

Painting Media
Paints are made by mixing dry powdered colors called pigments with sticky substances called binders.

Cobalt Blue

Cobalt Blue

Cadmium Vermilion

Cobalt Blue

Baby Brown (burnt Siena)

Cadmium Vermilion

A general term for opaque watercolors, particularly the inexpensive poster paints Binder: Egg Yolk Painting: Dry pigments are mixed with water until it resembles paste, then egg yolk is added. Usually applied in fine, crisp strokes with a pointed brush. Dries quickly, does not blend well. It should not be applied thickly, otherwise the paint will crack. It should be protected from dirt and scratching so varnish is usually applied.

Tempera

PORTRAIT OF FERNANDO ZOBEL DAVID CORTEZ MEDALLA

Egg Tempera

Watercolor
Can be done using to major techniques: transparent water colors and gouache. Transparent Watercolors or Aquarelle Binder: Gum Arabic Water is added to the paint to lighten the colors. White paper is usually used. Gouache Binder: Gum Arabic A little white pigment or chalk is added to make the colors opaque. Papers with a brown or grey tone are usually used. Paint can be bought in the form of solid dry cakes or moist paints in tubes. Painting: Watercolor painters use soft-hair brushes that hold large amounts of paint. Wash a thin broad layer of color applied by a continuous brush movement. Watercolors dry quickly and are easy to carry around. This makes them good for outdoor sketching.

Felix Martinez y Lorenzo. "India Servienta" (Indio Servantmaid) AQUARELLE

Text
Damian Domingo. "Un India Pescadora de Manila" (A Fish Vendor of Manila) GOUACHE

Damian Domingo. "Un Indio Un Indio Labrador" (A Native Laborer) - GOUACHELaborer) Labrador" (A Native GOUACHE

Felix Martinez y Lorenzo. "India Servienta" (Indio Servantmaid) AQUARELLE

Text
Damian Domingo. "Un India Pescadora de Manila" (A Fish Vendor of Manila) GOUACHE

Damian Domingo. "Un Indio Un Indio Labrador" (A Native Laborer) - GOUACHELaborer) Labrador" (A Native GOUACHE

Felix Martinez y Lorenzo. "India Servienta" (Indio Servantmaid) AQUARELLE

Text
Damian Domingo. "Un India Pescadora de Manila" (A Fish Vendor of Manila) GOUACHE

Damian Domingo. "Un Indio Un Indio Labrador" (A Native Laborer) - GOUACHELaborer) Labrador" (A Native GOUACHE

Felix Martinez y Lorenzo. "India Servienta" (Indio Servantmaid) AQUARELLE

Text
Damian Domingo. "Un India Pescadora de Manila" (A Fish Vendor of Manila) GOUACHE

Damian Domingo. "Un Indio Un Indio Labrador" (A Native Laborer) - GOUACHELaborer) Labrador" (A Native GOUACHE

Felix Martinez y Lorenzo. "India Servienta" (Indio Servantmaid) AQUARELLE

Text
Damian Domingo. "Un India Pescadora de Manila" (A Fish Vendor of Manila) GOUACHE

Damian Domingo. "Un Indio Un Indio Labrador" (A Native Laborer) - GOUACHELaborer) Labrador" (A Native GOUACHE

Oil
Binder: Vegetable Oil Painting: Dries slowly, so the artist has time to blend the strokes. It does not crack easily. If the artist wants the painting to be more fluid, a painting medium made of linseed oil, varnish and turpentine can be added. Commonly linseed oil

Fruit Gatherer Fernando Amorsolo

Fruit Gatherer
Fernando Amorsolo

Fruit Gatherer Fernando Amorsolo

Fruit Gatherer
Fernando Amorsolo

Colored chalk sticks made of pigment and weak adhesive such as gum tragacanth original pigment. No liquid binder

Pastels

Pastels come nearest to the original brilliance of the

Pastel colors rub off easily so a thin layer of fixative must be sprayed over the work. Dry Pastels Soft Pastels less binder, more pigment Hard Pastels more binder, less pigment Oil Pastels -amixtureofpigments,non-dryingoil,and waxbinder in stick form

Pen-and-ink
Macario de Ocampo. "Manila 1 de Marzo de 1875"

Pen instrument used to apply ink to a surface

Ink a fluid or paste used for writing or drawing Ink Components Colorant provides ink color, made from dyes Vehicle carries the colorant, helps it bind to paper

PEN AND INK DRAWINGS BY MANUEL BALDEMOR

PEN AND INK DRAWINGS BY MANUEL BALDEMOR

PEN AND INK DRAWINGS BY MANUEL BALDEMOR

Acrylic
Made by mixing pigments with a synthetic resin and thinning with water. They dry quickly and show little color change after drying. Do not darken in time. Lacks surface textural richness of oil but can be built up with a spatula into opaque impasto or thinned to transparent color glazes. Brown Brothers Burden Benedicto Cabrera

Graphite
A mixture of clay and graphite Soft and easily smeared. Gray to black tones.

Wood partially consumed by fire may be used for drawing. Drawing charcoal produced from wood that is as homogeneous as possible gives a porous and not very adhesive stroke. Needs fixative. Oiled charcoal, charcoal pencils dipped in linseed oil, provides better adhesion and a deeper black. However, it cannot be erased. Forms: Vine Charcoal (burned sticks of wood) Powdered Charcoal Compressed Charcoal (powdered charcoal mixed with gum binder into sticks) Darker blacks than graphite.

Charcoal

A stick of white or colored chalk or of colored wax used for writing.

Crayon

Themes of Philippine Painting


Used for decorating churches and homes Early works were Byzantine in style and did not aim to portray realism as opposed to symbolism. Nuestra Seora del Santisimo Rosario Damian Domingo

Religious

Historical

Scenes from history, the Bible, Greco-Roman myths, or Literary Allegories. Strived to instill in the viewer moral values, or lessons; aimed to portray nationalistic idealisms.

The First Baptism Fernando Amorsolo

Spolarium Juan Luna

Realism: Formality or social importance

Portrait

Romana Carillo Portrait of Governor-General Pasqual de Justiniano Asuncion (Miniaturism) Enrile y Alsedo Damian Domingo (1832)

Impressionism: a particular moment in time, a fleeting smile or traditional gesture.

Portrait

Sabel, Bencab (1991)

Woman in Red, Malang (1997)

Genre
Portrays people in everyday activities Originated from the tipos del pais, or paintings of natives of newly colonized countries. Works from the Boxer Codex (c. 1595) Named after Prof. Charles Ralph Boxer, Indiana University Letras Y Figuras Commissioned to display the names of the patrons.

Street Musicians, Arturo Luz (1952)

Boxer Codex Prints

Tatlong Maria Anita Magsaysay-HoTex

Early Sulu Wedding Fernando Amorsolo (1955-1960)

Landscape

Commonly natural scenery, but also included cityscapes.

Expressions span from realist, romantic, classical, or expressionist. Began in the mid-19th century as a form of secularization of painting. Una Dama de Luz de la Luna, Flix Resurreccin Hidalgo

El Charles IV Fernando Zobel (1949)

Nipa Sunset, Fernando Amorsolo (1935)

(under Landscape)

Seascape

Untitled, Romeo Tabuen1 (1960)

Seascape, Flix Resurreccin Hidalgo

(under Landscape)

Seascape

Untitled, Romeo Tabuen1 (1960)

Seascape, Flix Resurreccin Hidalgo

(under Landscape)

Interior

Tampuhan, Juan Luna (1895)

(under Landscape)

Interior

Tampuhan, Juan Luna (1895)

Methods

Still life

Yellow Table with Blue Bowl, Ang Kiukok (2001) Jarra del Agua, Flix Resurreccin Hidalgo

Still life

Yellow Table with Blue Bowl, Ang Kiukok (2001) Jarra del Agua, Flix Resurreccin Hidalgo

Brush

Most common painting method. A brush is used to apply paint onto a surface. Fabian de la Rosa Los Banos, Watercolor, 1922 Commissioned to display the names of the patrons.

Palette Knife
Palette knives produce textured, impasto work and sweeping areas of flat color as well as tiny shapes of color. These come in two types: a. Palette knife with usually a flexible steel blade and no cutting edge used to mix colors and may also be used to apply colors. b. Painting knife - specialized for applying pigments on a surface. These have a larger crank or bend to keep knuckles away from the paint.

Spray gun
Spray Paint - Paint in an aerosol container for spraying onto surfaces. This method uses spray paint to apply pigment onto a surface.

Finger
The process or art of painting with finger paint using the fingers, hand, or arm.

Collage
Collage comes from the French word, Coller, which means to paste. In this method, artists incorporate images and other print media into their paintings. Lee Aguinaldo, Galumphing Nudes 3, collage painting, 1964

Painting directly with textile paint

Paint is dripped or splashed directly onto a canvas Lee Aguinaldo, Homage to Pollock, 1953

{ SOurces } for methods

Sourceshttp://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/paintbrush

http://painting.about.com/od/paintingforbeginners/ss/painting_knife.htm http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/palette+knife http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fY_vETQkftY&list=UU6moch6qMnL8OKhHzC5eZRA&index=14&feature=plcp avpintados http://offtrackplanet.com/inspiration/street-art-philippines/ http://www.thefreedictionary.com/spray+paint http://www.thefreedictionary.com/nger+painting http://manilaartblogger.wordpress.com/2010/10/26/ateneo-art-gallery-at-50-lee-aguinaldo-andmodern-masterpieces/ http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=750215&publicationSubCategoryId= http://www.thefreedictionary.com/action+painting

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