Mustang EMS Architect Group

3325 Dyer Street. Dallas, Texas75205 Phone:(956) 887-0EMS E-Mail: EMS.Mustang2011@gmail .com

June 4th, 2011

Help is just a Heartbeat Away

Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Table of Contents
1. The Centennial Charge.
2. The Horizon 3. Purpose and Objectives of Proposal 4. Current Emergency Medical Care at Southern Methodist University Page 5 a. Contributors to the Southern Methodist University System Page 5 - 7 5. Model Scenarios Present by Parminder Deo Page 8 6. Survey Analysis for Mustang EMS by Patricia Boh Page 9 - 18 7. Comparable Collegiate EMS Organizations Page 19 - 24 a. Comparable Collegiate EMS Organizations in the State of Texas by Aldo Rossi Page 21 b. Comparable Collegiate EMS Organizations for Demographics by Aldo Rossi Page 22 - 24 8. Emergency Medical Services: A Lifes Calling by Sarah Jaffar Page 25 - 26 9. An overview of Mustang EMS Standard Operating Guidelines by Rand Singleton Page 26 10. Model Scenarios Future by Parminder Deo Page 27 11. The Face of Volunteerism by Diana Dumit Page 28 12. Liability: The Protection offered to Volunteers in the State of Texas by Zac Friske Page 29 - 36 a. Charitable Immunity and Liability; TCPRC Sect. 84 Page 29 - 33 b. The Texas Good Samaritan Law; TCPRC Sect. 74 Page 34 c. Volunteer Protection Act of 1997: A Good Summary of Liability Page 35 - 36 13. Insurance: The Parachute of Safety by Zac Friske Page 3 Page 3 Page 4

Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Plan 2006-2015, the University continues to build upon the foundation set forth by the principles expressed in its original Master Plan of 1963. These values were set forth to develop the kind of university men and women who sought to do something of significance in and with their lives; and who realize the nature of being and are prepared to probe the ultimate question of life and to relate their own humanity, sense of self, and deepest aspirations to those of others in a creative, constructive way. In a greater sense, SMU has decided to continue with this charge to the campus community by challenging students to Support And Sustain Student Development And Quality Of Life, as defined by the Fourth Goal of Southern Methodist Universitys Centennial Strategic Plan. As our first academic year comes to a close, the Graduating Class of 2014 would like to uphold this charge by presenting a proposal that we believe represents the next logical step toward fulfilling the Universitys Strategic Plan: the phased development of a Collegiate Emergency Medical Services Program that would eventually provide around the clock life-saving care to both the campus and local community free of charge. This Program would be comprised of a unique partnership between student, staff, and faculty volunteers who donate their knowledge, time, and skills to bettercomprise this Volunteer Emergency Medical as the The men and women who their surrounding community while serving Services would be dedicated to providing the best, most efficient, and effective medical service possible while upholding the three principles of this Program: To facilitate in maintaining a safe and healthy campus community through four initiatives: a.) Providing outstanding emergency medical care free of charge. b.) Reaching out to the University Park and Dallas communities through educational programs at local area Elementary and High Schools. c.) Exemplifying the meaning of the spirit of volunteerism. d.) Supporting and enhancing the role of Southern Methodist University Police Department and Risk Management, as well as the role of the University Park Fire Department on campus. To provide undergraduates, graduates, faculty, staff, alumni, and community volunteers a forum of exceptional and unique learning experiences where the skills taught are interactive, engaging, and in many cases life-saving. Through a daily application of these skills while responding to emergency calls, combined with a real life leadership laboratory where members must make critical decisions in a short amount of time, we are devoted to building our volunteers characters, increasing their sense of self and self-worth, and preparing them for future service to their families, neighborhoods, and the larger global community. To develop this service at Southern Methodist University to such an excellent degree as to serve as an EMS model for other universes across the state and country. These three principles will define our purpose and represent our long-term goals. They will provide for this department an overarching mission, giving our future leadership and membership a horizon towards which to strive for. As The Southern Methodist University looks toward the future with its Centennial Strategic Centennial Charge

The Horizon

Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

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Purpose and Objectives of Proposal
Purpose: The Architects and Graduating Class of 2014 of Southern Methodist University are proposing to the SMU community the establishment of a studentoperated Emergency Medical Service (EMS). This EMS service would operate under the oversight of faculty and an operational function within the University Business Service. This EMS service will supplement, enhance, and support the emergency medical services provided by the Southern Methodist University Police Department and our neighboring cities and towns. This effort will provide the best possible care for the students, faculty, staff, and visitors on our campus. Objectives: 1. To review the current state of Emergency Medical Services on the Southern Methodist University Campus. 2. To describe our proposed model for the operation of a campus first responder service, and then to slowly phase into the operation of a full time EMS service. 3. To demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of a student-operated Emergency Medical Service.

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Current Emergency Medical Care at Southern Methodist University
There are a number of providers who have roles in delivering medical care to the Southern Methodist University campus. Below is a description of the current structure of EMS response, and the role of each of the participating organizations. We encourage you to compare our current system to those of similar universities across the country and proposed model.

Contributors to the Southern Methodist University EMS System

Southern Methodist University Police Department The Southern Methodist University Police Department (SMUPD) acts as the first response service for all medical emergencies on campus. The Department consists of thirty-two highly trained police personnel, twenty-two of whom are commissioned peace officers, trained as First Responders through the police academy. In addition, three officers hold addition medical certification and training. SMUPD has at least one Emergency Care Attendant (ECA) officer on each shift, who responds along with the closest officer to the incident, when warranted. This officer has a minimum of 40 hours of medical training, compared to the minimum of 140 hours of medical training expected from Emergency Medical Technician-Basics (EMT-B) and the minimum of 300 hours of medical training expected from Emergency Medical Technician-Intermediates (EMT-I). Basic medical equipment including First Aid Kits and Automatic External Defibrillators (AED) are kept with these officers. These SMUPD officers provide initial assessment of the patients condition, determine the need for an ambulance, and provide interim support to the patient until an ambulance can arrive. Once an outside city EMS service arrives, the SMUPD officer transfers care to the ambulance crew, who in turn medically evaluate and potentially transport the patient to a health care facility. University Health Services The Memorial Heath Center at University Health Services provides some clinical services to Southern Methodist University students. The bulk of Health Center

Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

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Contributors to the Southern Methodist University EMS System
Southern Methodist University Office of Risk Management SMUs Office of Risk Management endeavors to create a safe work environment and reduce a reasonable cost to the University. SMU is committed to a strong and active risk management program. The Risk Management Department coordinates information and acts in an advisory and facilitating capacity with regards to fire protection, loss control activities, safety, claims administration and reviews, in consultation with appropriate administrative personnel, the risk aspects of contracts or other legal documents. Municipal Ambulance Providers/Contracted Ambulance Services Because of the location of our university, the EMS transport coverage for our campus is split between three cities and three providers: Dallas, University Park, and Highland Park. For the majority of our campus, the City of University Park provides EMS coverage and transport through the University Park Fire Department. On the remainder of our campus, EMS coverage and transport is provided by the City of Dallas or Highland Park by their respective Fire Departments. In the event of multiple simultaneous calls, University Parks mutual aid agreement provides robust support through Dallas Fire Rescue. For special events and mass gatherings, Southern Methodist University may elect to contract a private EMS provider to afford on-site paramedic and an ambulance. Unfortunately, only athletic events consistently have this EMS presence; other events, such as May Commencement and graduation ceremonies may not elect to this coverage due to cost. University Park EMS The majority of the Dallas SMU campus lies within the jurisdiction of the City of University Park Fire/Ambulance District, and because of that, the Fire Department provides the campus with EMS services. SMUPD Dispatch calls University Park Dispatch for an ambulance transport, two agencies respond: University Park Fire Department apparatus with an Advanced Life Support (ALS) ambulance, and University Park Police Officers. The response time for University Park to SMU campus varies depending on a number of factors. On average the wait period is approximately five to eight minutes for an ambulance to arrive. If

Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Contributors to the Southern Methodist University EMS System
Dallas Fire Rescue The balance of Southern Methodist University Dallas campus lies within the jurisdiction of the City of Dallas, who will normally respond to medical calls from those SMU buildings within the City of Dallas. The city of Dallas offers mutual aid to the Cities of University Park and Highland Park during multiple simultaneous calls. Although Dallas EMS has many resources available, our location on the outskirts of their territory often leads to a time delay. CareFlight CareFlight is a private ambulance and air ambulance service based in Grand Prairie, Texas, which is contracted to provide coverage at Southern Methodist University Athletic Department events. It is very rare that CareFlight assists at other SMU events. CareFlight normally provides SMU with an ALS unit during athletic events (football, basketball), but at a substantial cost to the University. Mustang Emergency Medical Services of Southern Methodist University (Mustang EMS or MEMS) A proposed EMS service offering Basic Life Support (BLS) care staffed by certified Emergency Medical Technicians trained to the same level as other EMS provider in the State of Texas. Mustang EMS would provide this care as standby for events, where there is a high probability of medical emergencies. Mustang EMS personnel would have a full understanding of Southern Methodist University protocols and geography, which assures the fastest response and highest quality of care to the community. Mustang EMS would provide quick response care at these events until a transporting ambulance arrives and transfer of care is made. Because personnel of Mustang EMS would be deeply dedicated to Southern Methodist University and it surrounding community, our personal connection and caring would carry through with each of our patients.

Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

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Model Scenarios Present
--Parminder Deo; Mustang EMS Architect The purpose of this section is to provide an example of how a medical emergency is presently dealt with on Southern Methodist University Campus Weekend Night Call for Assistance It is a Saturday night and a party is taking place on the 2nd floor of Boaz Hall. A number of underage residents are consuming alcohol, and one friend notices another lying face down on the floor of the community bathroom. The resident tries to wake him up, but she is unsuccessful. After a half hour debate goes by on whether or not to call 911 for fear of Police repercussions, the residents decide to call for help. 1. The Southern Methodist University Police Dispatcher receives the call and sends the closest available unit. If the Police Special Medical Unit is on duty and available, this unit is dispatched as well. 2. The SMUPD officer(s) arrive on scene and determine the severity of the situation, relaying that information back to the dispatcher. 3. Based on the on-scene officers assessment of the injury/illness (unconscious patient), the dispatcher contacts University Park Police/Fire for an ambulance transport. 4. In the interim, the SMUPD officer(s) begin First Aid treatment within the scope of their practice. 5. University Park Fire Department Paramedics arrive and first response care of patient is transferred from SMUPD officer. 6. UPFD paramedics evaluate the patient. If the patient requires transport then the patient is loaded into the ambulance and transported to a hospital.

Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

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Survey Analysis for Mustang EMS
Understanding Southern Methodist University popular opinion regarding proposed student Emergency Medical Services. --Patricia Boh; Mustang EMS Architect Abstract The purpose of this survey was to ascertain the communitys feelings about potentially starting a student emergency medical service here at Southern Methodist University. The questions were designed to ask basic demographic information, students experiences with the Memorial Heath Center, and popular opinion regarding current SMU health services. The survey was created via online SurveyMonkey.com. The data includes 100 student responses for ten questions. All respondents were contacted through the social media website Facebook, and replied confidentially. The overwhelming opinion was in favor of

Question 1: Gender?

This question was designed to gather basic demographic information regarding the responses. All 100 respondents answered this question. Most of the respondents were female by a 16% majority.

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Question 2: SMU Class Affiliation?
This question was designed to gather demographic information regarding the respondents class affiliation at SMU. There were 99 responses, and one skipped response. This question presents a first-year majority of 69.7%.

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Question 3: Greek Affiliation?
This demographic information question was aimed at understanding how many of the respondents were or were not part of the Greek organization on the SMU campus. Out of the 100 responses, 99 answered this question. The data shows a non-Greek majority by 21%, which is consistent with the Greek population statistics on campus.

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Question 4: On- or Off- Campus Housing?
This demographic question aimed at understanding what percentage of respondents lived on- and off- campus. All 100 respondents answered this question. 85% responded that they lived on campus, which is consistent with the majority of respondents being first-years (all first years are required to live on campus).

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Question 5: Have you ever visited the Memorial Health Center?
This question was intended to understand how many students have used the Memorial Health Center. 99 of the 100 respondents answered this question. The responses show that the majority, or 73.7% of students have used the Memorial Health Center at some point, indicating a students need for an EMS service.

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Question 6: Have you ever received medical treatment by SMU Police or Paramedics while on campus?
This question was asked in order to understand how many students have actually received emergency medical treatment while on campus. Of the 100

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Question 7: Are you Satisfied with the Memorial Health Centers Hours?
This question was intended to understand the student popular opinion regarding satisfaction with the on-campus Health Centers operational hours (between 8:30am to 5:00pm Monday-Friday). All 100 respondents answered this question. 36% of students disagreed with the question and 20% strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of respondents or 56% were not satisfied with the operational hours. MEMS would primarily operate outside of these hours at night and during athletic events; therefore, MEMS would serve an obvious need in the community and be able to rectify this dissatisfaction.

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Question 8: Have you ever Decided Against going to the Memorial Health Center when possible to Avoid Paying Treatment Fines?
The purpose of this question was to see if the Memorial Health Centers treatment fee deterred potential patients. 43% of students have at some point decided against seeking treatment in order to avoid the treatment fees. MEMS would give Emergency Medical Care free of charge during the hours the

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Question 9: Have you ever Avoided seeking Medical Help while Intoxicated because you Feared Charges from Police?
The purpose of this question was to understand how many students do not seek medical treatment while intoxicated out of fear of repercussions. All respondents answered this question. 15% have at some time avoided medical treatment while intoxicated while 40% have never had this fear. 49% may have never been in this situation. Even thought 15% of respondents is well within the minority, 15 students demonstrated that they would rather not seek medical help if there was a chance they would have charges pressed against them.

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Question 10: Would you support an Undergraduate and Graduate run EMS Service?
This was one of the most important questions of the survey. Out of the 100 respondents, 99 answered this question. The responses where overwhelmingly positive: 59.6% of respondents strongly agreed, and 31.3% agreed, equaling a cleat majority of 90.7%. This data supports the assertion that there is not only a valid need for Mustang EMS, but also strong support form the Student Body.

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Comparable Collegiate EMS Organizations
The concept of a student operated Emergency Medical Service is not new and is found at 242 colleges and universities across the country. Below is a sampling of campus with this capability; more are added every year. We are also spotlighting a few of the universities similar to Southern Methodist University. We encourage you to the National Collegiate EMS Foundation at www.ncemsf.org for a more complete and current list.

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Comparable Collegiate EMS Organizations
The State of Texas alone has eight Collegiate EMS programs, ranging from small private universities to large state universities. Both Rice EMS, A&M EMS, and University of Texas EMS operates at 24/7 or near 24/7 coverage of their campus with a quick response vehicle, or in A&M Universitys case, a fleet of three ambulances.

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Rice University Comparable
Rice University Emergency Medical Services (REMS), founded in 1996, provides State of Texas ILS quick response service (QRS) to their urban campus of 6000 students and answer 750 calls a year. The group consists of 54 volunteers with an Expedition, golf cart, and an Ambulance that provides 24/7 services with an average response time of 2 minutes. The group offers EMT-B and EMT-I courses, ECA courses, and CPR courses. Alphanumeric pagers were provided by the University Police Department, which are use for dispatch calls. Level of Care offered: ALS quick response service (QRS) Founded in: 1996 Active Members: 54 Volunteer Number of Vehicles: 1 Expedition XLT, 1 golf cart, and 1 type III Ambulance Hours of Operation: 24/7 Average Response Time: 2 minutes Call Volume: 750 calls/year Operational Jurisdiction: University Police Department Budget Source: Student Health Service fee and a portion of parking fines (Approximately $107,964)

Collegiate EMS Organizations in the

Texas A&M University

Texas A&M EMS, founded in 1980, provides services to over 37,000 undergraduate and graduate students in a suburban setting with 125 volunteer members. They cater to other events in the surrounding community upon request. Their 24/7 services provide care for approximately 900-1000 patients a year and are they operated with 2 Type I Frazer ambulances and a Crown Victoria supervisor vehicle. Their sister organizations, Texas A&M Emergency Care Team, and Rec Sports Medics provide assistance at community events and work with the EMS team to provide more health services across the community. Texas A&M EMS provides multiple training opportunities including orientation training, EVOC, CPR, and monthly CE, Emergency Dispatch Training. Level of Care offered: ALS Ambulance Transport and Bicycle Service Founded in: 1980 Active Members: 54 Volunteer Number of Vehicles: 2 type II Ambulances, and 1 Crown Vic Supervisor vehicle Hours of Operation: 24/7 Average Response Time: 3 minutes Call Volume: 900-1000 calls/year Operational Jurisdiction: Student Health Center Budget Source: Student Health Fees (Approximately $60,000) For more information, visit http://ems.tamu.edu/index.html

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Comparable Collegiate EMS Organizations for Demographics

Brown University

Brown EMS was founded in 1978 and now consists of 8 ALS supervisors and 70 BLS or ALS student EMTs. Covering their campus of 10,000 students, as well as their surrounding urban community, their 24 hour services have an average response time of 5 minutes and serve 800 patients a year. They operate with 1 type III ambulance, and they are requested for service by athletic teams, student organizations, and university event planners. The EMS organization provides an EMT-Basic training course as well as a CPR training program. Level of Care offered: ALS Ambulance Transport Founded in: 1978 Active Members: 78 Paid Volunteers Number of Vehicles: 1 type III Ambulance Hours of Operation: 24/7 Average Response Time: 5 minutes Call Volume: 800 calls/year Operational Jurisdiction: University Health Services Budget Source: Not Public Information For more information, visit http://www.brown.edu/campus-life/health/ems/

Georgetown University

Georgetown Emergency Response Medical Service, founded in 1981, operates in an urban campus, with a student body population of 10,000, with a total of 98 volunteer workers. Their BLS ambulance transport service, consisting of 3 type III ambulances, help this agency operate their 24/7 services and handle 1000 patients a year. GERMS has an average response time of 4 minutes, and this agency provides both DC/NREMT-B Course training as well as a CPR certification course. The organization has a total of 25 Automatic External Defibrillators. Level of Care offered: BLS Ambulance Transport Founded in: 1981 Active Members: 98 Volunteers Number of Vehicles: 3 type III Ambulance ('10 Type III Ford E350 PL Custom (on order), '05 Type III Ford E350 Frazer, '00 Type III Ford E350 Wheeled Coach) Hours of Operation: 24/7 Average Response Time: 4 minutes Call Volume: 1000 calls/year Operational Jurisdiction: Student Affairs Budget Source: Combination of University funding, aeromedical team transports, and donations (Approximately $31,500) For more information, visit http://germs.georgetown.edu/pages/home/main.aspx22

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Comparable Collegiate EMS Organizations for Demographics
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Emergency Medical Services (MIT-EMS) is a recently developed agency, established in 2002. Their 80 volunteer members cover both the private university campus, home to 10,000 students, and offcampus fraternities, sororities, and independent living groups. They provide 24/7 coverage with one Type III Ambulance (Ford E-350), and they have an average response time of two minutes. EMT-B Continued Education is provided by the group as well as CPR training programs. Level of Care offered: BLS Ambulance Transport Founded in: 2002 Active Members: 80 Volunteers Number of Vehicles: 1 type III Ford E350 Ambulance Hours of Operation: 24/7 Average Response Time: 2 minutes Call Volume: 700 calls/year Operational Jurisdiction: MIT Medical Center Budget Source: MIT Medical (Approximately $30,000) For more information, visit http://ems.mit.edu

Emory University

Emory EMS (EEMS) was founded in 1992 and consists of 40 volunteers who provide 24/7 services during the academic year. The agency does not use any ambulances; instead they operate 3 Ford Expeditions that are used for all emergency responses. With an urban campus of 11,000 students, their average response time is 3 minutes. The group provides ILS quick response service (QRS) and provides Annual NREMT-I courses, monthly CE courses, and CPR Instructor courses. Level of Care offered: ILS Quick Response Service (QRS) Founded in: 1992 Active Members: 40 Volunteers Number of Vehicles: 3 Ford Expeditions (00; 01; 07) Hours of Operation: 24/7 during the academic year Average Response Time: 3 minutes Call Volume: 650 calls/year Operational Jurisdiction: Emory Police Department Budget Source: University Allotment through the Emory Police Department (Approximately $30,000) For more information, visit http://www.emory.edu/EEMS

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Comparable Collegiate EMS Organizations for Demographics
Villanova University
Founded in 1989, Villanova Emergency Medical Services (VEMS) consists of 63 volunteers who provide services to 12,000 students on a private suburban campus setting. Operating 1 vehicle (Ford E450 Ambulance), the group serves 700 patients a year with an average response time of 3 minutes during a 24/7 operation. The group uses radio pagers by Public Safety to communicate with each other, and this agency has a variety of training courses that they provide. EMS members attend this monthly training (some that offer continuing education credit). Members receive free CPR and other required certification and may receive additional training free of charge (e.g. EVOC, PHTLS, GEMS, etc.) commensurate with hours/years of services. Villanova EMS is an authorized provider of BLS for Healthcare Providers and HeartSaver courses. Courses are typically offered once per month throughout the academic year and follow a curriculum established by the American Heart Association. Villanova EMS also provides AED training to campus faculty and staff as part of Villanova University's Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Program. Additionally, Villanova EMS contracts an outside training institute to run at least one on-campus EMT-B course per year. Level of Care offered: BLS Ambulance Transport Founded in: 1989 Active Members: 63 Volunteers Number of Vehicles: 1 type III Ford E450 Ambulance Hours of Operation: 24/7 Average Response Time: 3 minutes Call Volume: 700 calls/year Operational Jurisdiction: Public Safety/ Student Development Budget Source: Villanova University Health & Wellness Fee (Approximately $30,000)

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Emergency Medical Services: A Lifes Calling
--Sarah Jaffar; Mustang EMS Architect
Many people have wondered what is the value of participating in an EMS organization while in school. There are considerable potential benefits for those students going on to become physicians, other clinicians, and to related health care fields. Many colleges and universities EMS organizations rely heavily on student volunteers and part-time employees to fill the clinical pre-hospital positions. Student opportunities include Paramedics, Emergency Medical Technicians, First Responders, dispatchers, and EMS and CPR instructors. From the Penn State University Ambulance Service Alumni Directory (Feb. 1997), here is a listing of the primary professions of 77 of that schools EMS now alumni working in the health care fields: ~13 physicians ~7 more currently in medical school ~1 podiatrist ~1 veterinarian ~1 optometrist ~1 physician's assistant ~14 registered nurses ~2 medical technicians ~1 mental health clinician ~10 paramedics (as primary profession) ~2 EMS system administrators ~1 nursing home administrator ~5 health care organization administration ~4 health care marketing field ~3 health insurance field ~3 health educators (secondary & higher ed) ~1 health and fitness field ~3 pharmaceutical field ~1 transplant organ procurement field ~2 medical engineering field ~1 health care attorney Several others are in health related graduate school programs. Many more that

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Emergency Medical Services: A Lifes Calling Continued
These 77 EMS alumni going back about 20 years represent 68% of the alumni that responded to requests for information. Over two-thirds of known PSU EMS alumni ... who started out as EMTs at Penn State ... are now working in health care related fields! Many have become leaders in their fields -- i.e. one physician is a Harvard Medical School professor, one is chair of the American College of Emergency Physicians EMS Task Force, several others are hospital medical department heads, and several are city/county EMS medical directors; another alum is executive director of a statewide EMS agency; many of the nurses hold advance degrees and are working in administrative positions; and many of the paramedics are also professional instructors and one is a captain in a city FD/EMS system. So, what is the value of campus based EMS systems where students serve as An overview of Mustang EMS Standard Operating EMTs? Draw your own conclusion!

Guidelines

The purpose of the Mustang Emergency Medical Services Standard Operating Guidelines, SOG, is to outline the procedures of the student run emergency medical service provided by Mustang EMS. The document is read and understood by all members of Mustang EMS and is written in cooperation with Federal, State and Southern Methodist University protocols. There are four main parts including Emergency Operations, Organization, Staffing, and Daily Operational protocols. These serve as the basis for how Mustang EMS conducts itself in all aspects that it is involved. The SOG also states future initiatives known as phases with the ability to install future phases when deemed necessary. Each year the SOG will be restructured and edited to adopt new and improved changes, which reflect Mustang EMS present and continued goal of providing the best medical care possible to the Southern Methodist University community.

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Model Scenarios Future
--Parminder Deo; Mustang EMS Architect The purpose of this section is to provide an example of how a medical emergency could be dealt with on Southern Methodist University Campus with the additional capabilities of Mustang EMS. Weekend Daytime Call for Assistance It is the George W. Bush Presidential Library Topping Out Ceremony and a massive crowd is in attendance. A number of elderly community supporters arrive, and one collapses from heat exhaustion. Several guests try to revive her, but they are unsuccessful. The guests immediately dial 911. 1. The Southern Methodist University Police Dispatcher receives the call and dispatches Mustang EMS bike unit as well as the closest foot patrol asset. The bike patrol would be able to get through the crowds faster then a vehicle and arrive 2 minutes earlier then a vehicle would. 2. Mustang EMS would arrive on scene and determine the severity of the situation, relaying that information back to the dispatcher. They would begin to stabilize the patient and request ALS Backup if the situation warranted it. 3. The SMUPD officer(s) would arrive on scene and take control of the situation. The officers would be able to handle crowd control, coordinate with other emergency services, and secure the scene all while Mustang EMS personnel would back up these officers with their medical care expertise. 4. Based on the on-scene Mustang EMS personnels assessment of the injury/illness (unconscious patient), the dispatcher contacts University Park Police/Fire for an ambulance transport. 5. In the interim, Mustang EMS personnel continue to perform Basic Life Support and Intermediate Life Support treatment while enhancing and supporting the role of any arriving Police Medical Unit. 6. University Park Fire Department Paramedics arrive and first response care of patient is transferred from Mustang EMS personnel. 7. Patient is loaded into the ambulance and transported to the most appropriate hospital facility. 27 8. Patient is loaded into the ambulance and transported to the most appropriate hospital facility.

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The Face of Volunteerism
--Diana Mansour; Mustang EMS Architect

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Liability: The Protection offered to Volunteers by the State of Texas
In the fluid and volatile world of malpractice, wrongful death, and negligible lawsuit cases, the most concerning aspect of any agency or operation within the medical field is the amount of risk it takes on. Mustang EMS must not only evaluate this risk for its own volunteers, but also for the University at large. Fortunately, the residents of the State of Texas are well know for their support of public safety personnel, may they be Police, Fire, or EMS. Due to this supportive culture, the State of Texas has provided addition protection to its volunteers that go well and above the protection offered by Volunteer Protection Act of 1997 implemented by the Federal Government: Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code, which includes Charitable Immunity and Liability, and The Texas Good Samaritan Law. I Sect. 84 Charitable Immunity and Liability; TCPRC have included Findings and Purposes The Legislature of the State of Texas finds that: (1) robust, active, bona fide, and well-supported charitable organizations are needed within Texas to perform essential and needed services; (2) the willingness of volunteers to offer their services to these organizations is deterred by the perception of personal liability arising out of the services rendered to these organizations; (3) because of these concerns over personal liability, volunteers are withdrawing from services in all capacities; (4) these same organizations have a further problem in obtaining and affording liability insurance for the organization and its employees and volunteers; (5) these problems combine to diminish the services being provided to Texas and local communities because of higher costs and fewer programs; (6) the citizens of this state have an overriding interest in the continued and increased delivery of these services that must be balanced with other policy considerations; and (7) because of the above conditions and policy considerations, it is the purpose of this Act to reduce the liability exposure and insurance costs of these organizations and their employees and volunteers in order to encourage volunteer services and maximize the

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84.003. Definitions In this chapter: (1) "Charitable organization" means: (A) any organization exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 by being listed as an exempt organization in Section 501(c)(3) or 501(c)(4) of the code, if it is a nonprofit corporationor fund organized and operated exclusively foremergency medical or hazardous material response services, or educational purposesor is organized and operated exclusively for the promotion of social welfare by being primarily engaged in promoting the common good and general welfare of the people in a community; B) any bona fide charitable, neighborhood crime prevention or patrol, or educational organization, or other organization organized and operated exclusively for the promotion of social welfare by being primarily engaged in promoting the common good and general welfare of the people in a community, and that: (i) is organized and operated exclusively for one or more of the above purposes; (ii) does not engage in activities which in themselves are not in furtherance of the purpose or purposes; (iii) does not directly or indirectly participate or intervene in any political campaign on behalf of or in opposition to any candidate for public office; (iv) dedicates its assets to achieving the stated purpose or purposes of the organization; (v) does not allow any part of its net assets on dissolution of the organization to inure to the benefit of any group, shareholder, or individual; and (vi) normally receives more than one-third of its support in any year from private or public gifts, grants, contributions, or membership fees;

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84.003. Definitions In this chapter: (2) "Volunteer" means a person rendering services for or on behalf of a charitable organization who does not receive compensation in excess of reimbursement for expenses incurred. The term includes a person serving as a director, officer, trustee, or direct service volunteer, including a volunteer health care provider. (3) "Employee" means any person, including an officer or director, who is in the paid service of a charitable organization, but does not include an independent contractor. (5) "Volunteer health care provider" means an individual who voluntarily provides health care services without compensation or expectation of compensation. (7) "Person responsible for the patient" means: (A) the patient's parent, managing conservator, or guardian; (B) the patient's grandparent; (C) the patient's adult brother or sister; (D) another adult who has actual care, control, and possession of the patient and has written authorization to consent for the patient from the parent, managing conservator, or guardian of the patient; (E) an educational institution in which the patient is enrolled that has written authorization to consent for the patient from the parent, managing conservator, or guardian of the patient; or (F) any other person with legal responsibility for the care of the patient. Special Note: According to 74.001. Definitions: (11) "Health care institution" includes: C) an emergency medical services provider; (12)(A) "Health care provider" means any person, partnership, professional association, corporation, facility, or institution duly licensed, certified, registered, or chartered by the State of Texas to provide health care, including: (vii) a health care institution.

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84.004. Volunteer Liability. (a) Except as provided by Subsection (d) and Section 84.007, a volunteer of a charitable organization is immune from civil liability for any act or omission resulting in death, damage, or injury if the volunteer was acting in the course and scope of the volunteer's duties or functions, including as an officer, director, or trustee within the organization. (d) A volunteer of a charitable organization is liable to a person for death, damage, or injury to the person or his property proximately caused by any act or omission arising from the operation or use of any motor-driven equipmentand to the extent of any existing insurance coverage applicable to the act or omission. (e) The provisions of this section apply only to the liability of volunteers and do not apply to the liability of the organization for acts or omissions of volunteers. (f) Subsection (c) applies even if: (1) the patient is incapacitated due to illness or injury and cannot sign the acknowledgment statement required by that subsection; or (2) the patient is a minor or is otherwise legally incompetent and the person responsible for the patient is not reasonably available to sign the 84.006. Organizational Liability. Except as provided in Section 84.007 of this Act, in any civil action brought against a nonhospital charitable organization for damages based on an act or omission by the organization or its employees or volunteers, the liability of the organization is limited to money damages in a maximum amount of $500,000 for each person and $1,000,000 for each single occurrence of bodily injury or death and $100,000 for each single occurrence for injury to or destruction of property.

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84.007. Applicability. (a) This chapter does not apply to an act or omission that is intentional, wilfully negligent, or done with conscious indifference or reckless disregard for the safety of others. (b) This chapter does not limit or modify the duties or liabilities of a member of the board of directors or an officer to the organization or its members and shareholders. (c) This chapter does not limit the liability of an organization or its employees or volunteers if the organization was formed substantially to limit its liability under this chapter. This subsection shall be liberally construed to effectuate its purpose. (e) Sections 84.005 and 84.006 of this chapter do not apply to a health care provider as defined in Section 74.001unless the provider usually provides discounted services at or below costs based on the ability of the beneficiary to pay. Acceptance of Medicare or Medicaid payments will not disqualify a health care provider under this section. (g) Sections 84.005 and 84.006 of this Act do not apply to any charitable organization that does not have liability insurance coverage in effect on any act or omission to which this chapter applies. The coverage shall apply to the acts or omissions of the organization and its employees and volunteers and be in the amount of at least $500,000 for each person and $1,000,000 for each single occurrence for death or bodily injury and $100,000 for each single occurrence for injury to or destruction of property. The coverage may be provided under a contract of insurance or other plan of insurance authorized by statute and may be satisfied by the purchase of a $1,000,000 bodily injury and property damage combined single limit policy. (h) This chapter does not apply to: (2) a cosponsor of an event or activity with a local chamber of commerce unless the cosponsor is a charitable organization under this chapter.

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Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
The Texas Good Samaritan Law; TCPRC Sect. 74
74.151. Liability for Emergency Medical Care. (a) A person who in good faith administers emergency care, including using an automated external defibrillator, is not liable in civil damages for an act performed during the emergency unless the act is wilfully or wantonly negligent. (b) This section does not apply to care administered: (1) for or in expectation of remuneration, provided that being legally entitled to receive remuneration for the emergency care rendered shall not determine whether or not the care was administered for or in anticipation of remuneration; or (2) by a person who was at the scene of the emergency because he or a person he represents as an agent was soliciting business or seeking to perform a service for remuneration. (e) This section does not apply to a person whose negligent act or omission was a producing cause of the emergency for which care is being administered. 74.151. Liability for Emergency Medical Care. (a) A person who in good faith administers emergency care, including using an automated external defibrillator, is not liable in civil damages for an act performed during the emergency unless the act is wilfully or wantonly negligent. (b) This section does not apply to care administered: (1) for or in expectation of remuneration, provided that being legally entitled to receive remuneration for the emergency care rendered shall not determine whether or not the care was administered for or in anticipation of remuneration; or (2) by a person who was at the scene of the emergency because he or a person he represents as an agent was soliciting business or seeking to perform a service for remuneration. (e) This section does not apply to a person whose negligent act or omission was a producing cause of the emergency for which care is being administered. 74.152. Unlicensed Medical Personnel. Persons not licensed or certified in the healing arts who in good faith administer emergency care as emergency medical service personnel are not liable in civil damages for an act performed in administering the care unless the act is wilfully or wantonly negligent. This section applies without regard to whether the care is provided for or in expectation of remuneration.

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Volunteer Protection Act of 1997: A Good Summary of Liability The purpose of the Volunteer Protection Act of 1997 is to promote the
interests of social service program beneficiaries and taxpayers and to sustain the availability of programs, nonprofit organizations, and governmental entities that depend on volunteer contributions by reforming the laws to provide certain protections from liability abuses related to volunteers serving nonprofit organizations and governmental entities. Two types of organizations can qualify as nonprofit organizations. The first kind of nonprofit organization is an organization which is described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of the Code and which does not practice any action which constitutes a hate crime. The other type of nonprofit organization is a not-for-profit organization which is organized and conducted for public benefit and operated primarily for charitable, civic, educational, religious, welfare, or health purposes and which does not practice any action which constitutes a hate crime. A volunteer is an individual performing services for a nonprofit organization or a governmental entity who does not receive compensation (other than reasonable reimbursement for expenses) or any other thing of value in lieu of compensation in excess of $500 per year. This term includes those serving as director, officer, trustee, or direct service volunteer. This law provides that no volunteer of a nonprofit organization or governmental entity shall be liable for harm caused by an act or omission of the volunteer on behalf of the organization or entity if the volunteer meets four requirements. First, the volunteer must have been acting within the scope of the volunteer's responsibilities in the nonprofit organization or governmental entity at the time of the act or omission. Next, if it is required or appropriate, the volunteer must have been properly licensed, certified, or authorized by the appropriate authorities for the activities or practice in the State in which the harm occurred, where the activities were or practice was undertaken within the scope of the volunteer's responsibilities in the nonprofit organization or governmental agency. Third, the harm may not have been caused by willful or criminal misconduct, gross negligence, reckless misconduct, or a conscious, flagrant indifference to the rights or safety of the individual harmed by the volunteer. And finally, the harm may not have been caused by the volunteer operating a motor vehicle or other vehicle or which the State requires the operator or the owner of the vehicle to possess an operator's license or maintain insurance. This law explicitly limits the punitive damages that may be awarded against a volunteer. Punitive damages may not be awarded against a volunteer in an action brought for harm based on the action of a volunteer acting within the scope of the volunteer's responsibilities to a governmental agency or nonprofit organization unless the claimant establishes by clear and convincing evidence that the harm was proximately caused by an action of such volunteer which constitutes willful or

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Proposal
Volunteer Protection Act of 1997: A Good Summary of Liability
A further limitation of liability exists for noneconomic loss. Noneconomic losses are nonpecuniary losses of any kind or nature. In any civil action against a volunteer, based on an action of a volunteer acting within the scope of the volunteer's responsibilities to a governmental entity or a nonprofit organization, the liability of the volunteer for noneconomic loss shall be determined as follows. Each defendant who is a volunteer shall be liable only for the amount of noneconomic loss allocated to that defendant in direct proportion to the percentage of responsibility of that defendant for the harm to the claimant with respect to which that defendant is liable. The court shall render a separate judgment against each defendant. For purposes of determining the amount of noneconomic loss allocated to a defendant who is a volunteer, the trier of fact shall determine the percentage of responsibility of that defendant for the claimant's harm. However, there are exceptions to the limitation for noneconomic losses. The limitation on the liability of a volunteer for noneconomic losses does not apply to any misconduct that constitutes a crime of violence or act of international terrorism for which the defendant has been convicted in any court. The limitation also does not apply to misconduct that constitutes a hate crime, or misconduct that involves a sexual offense for which the defendant has been convicted in any court. Also, misconduct for which the defendant has been found to have violated a Federal or State civil rights law is not subject to the liability limitation for noneconomic loss. Finally, the limitation does not apply to misconduct where the defendant was under the influence of intoxicating alcohol or any drug at the time of the misconduct. This law, however, does not affect any civil action brought by any nonprofit organization or any governmental entity against any volunteer of such organization or entity. Furthermore, this law does not affect the liability of any nonprofit organization or governmental entity with respect to harm caused to any person. It is very important to note that this law preempts State laws to the extent that such laws are inconsistent with this law, except it shall not preempt any State law that provides additional protection from liability relating to volunteers or to any category of volunteers in the performance of services for a nonprofit organization or governmental entity. The State of Texas provides additional protection of this kind for volunteers providing services for nonprofit organizations.

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Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Insurance: The Parachute of Safety
--Zac Friske; Mustang EMS Lead Architect
Just as no self-respecting Air Force pilot would ever leave the ground without a secure chute, no Emergency Medical Services should ever pull out of a garage without insurance. Fortunately, Southern Methodist University already has blanket insurance coverage for approved organizations and departments. I have included excerpts from pertinent passages to Mustang EMS from this insurance plan below.

SMU Insurance Liability Coverage for Student Organizations

Purpose
These guidelines have been developed to clarify the extent to which the Southern Methodist University Insurance Liability Program applies to the activities and functions of SMU sanctioned organizations (i.e. chartered organizations). In addition, procedures for the evaluation of the organizations activities with respect to liability protection as well as for the procurement of outside sources of liability insurance will be discussed. A. Eligibility for Coverage In order to be covered under any of the SMU insurance programs, the student organization must be an SMU sanctioned organization consisting primarily of SMU students, faculty and staff. B. Types of Coverage 1. Automobile Liability and Collision Coverage -- includes damage to a University Controlled vehicle (Collision), damage to the other car(s), medical claims and/or death claims (Liability). Coverage has a $750 deductible which is the responsibility of the student organization or department which controls the vehicle. a. University Controlled Vehicles -- (owned, leased, courtesy and rental vehicles) must be used with the proper permission of the department responsible for the vehicle. b. Rental Vehicles -- Liability protection is not an absolute when individuals rent a vehicle for student organization activities. It is difficult to determine whether an individual will be covered for liability without knowing the details of the specific situations from which the liability may arise. Student organizations should not assume continuous and automatic liability protection by virtue of their existence. When renting vehicles, liability protection will be judged based on the specific activities of the individuals acting on behalf of the organization. (The Office of Risk Management can advise you on a case by case basis whether coverage is available through SMUs plan or whether the individual organization should purchase insurance from the rental agency.) c. Personal Vehicles -- are not covered under SMUs plan. In the event of an

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2. Other Liability Coverages a. Faculty/Staff -- Faculty and staff members are protected by the SMU liability coverage while acting on behalf of the University in their prescribed duties which would include sponsorship of a club or organization. b. Campus Organizations -- the campus organizations have coverage under SMUs liability insurance as long as they are University sanctioned organizations and activities that are approved through proper University procedures. c. Organizations not Covered -- Individual social fraternities and sororities do not have any coverage under the SMU insurance plan. d. Student Workers -- on S.M.U. payroll have medical coverage up to $25,000 if injured while in the course and scope of their work-related duties. 3. Special Event Liability Insurance Coverage -- S.M.U. requires proof of insurance for all vendors, contractors that want to participate in a special event on campus. The student organization is responsible for obtaining evidence of insurance (i.e. a Certificate of Insurance) from third parties and presenting it to the Office of Risk Management at least (3) days prior to the event taking place. a. In order for the university to recognize the event the following list of insurance policy conditions must be met on the Certificate of Insurance: 1. Named Insured: The Student Organization or specific member. 2. Additional Insured: SMU, its Trustees, Officers, employees and agents. 3. Coverage Detail: Commercial General Liability coverage for bodily injury or property damage. Policy Minimums: $500,000 limit per occurrence. Note: All special events are not organized in the same way, nor do they carry the same exposure. This can lead to confusion about who needs to insure what. A rule of thumb hat can often be applied is whenever the group is hiring outside people for an event, signing contracts, and charging for the event, they will likely need liability insurance to cover the event. Many outside groups carry their own insurance. Generally if another party (i.e. a promoter) is responsible for the contracts and promotions, it carries its own liability limits. But because these distinctions can be confusing, liability coverage should be clarified in the early planning stages of the event. (Risk Management can advise you on this.) 4. Third Party Users Liability Insurance Policy (TULIP) -- This S.M.U. program provides liability coverage for student organization and third parties they might contract with. a. It provides coverage and legal defense for claims of negligence brought on the grounds of mismanagement, improper security, misleading representations, or failure of equipment/fixtures, to name a few. b. The TULIP is normally priced on a per-event basis since each event is separately underwritten. Securing this coverage can be done through the Office of Risk Management. (Consulting with a local insurance agent to purchase coverage for the event may aid in receiving a competitive price for the coverage.) c. The cost for the TULIP would be based on the nature of the event, the anticipated number of participants, and the number of days. At your discretion the premium cost could be passed to the insured or paid by the student organization. Payment would be assessed for each event. Upon receipt a certificate of insurance naming SMU as additional insured would be issued in the insureds name.

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Proposed Mustang EMS Coverage Map
--Kent Fischer; Mustang EMS Architect

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Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Example Lesson Plan for Education Initiative
--Damilola Salako; Mustang EMS Architect
Lesson Plan for Local Area High Schools Purpose: Teaching the students the anatomy and physiology of a particular body system - nervous, digestive, endocrine, etc. One they are already largely familiar with as opposed to muscular system for example (though this is definitely an option) Materials: Any of the following in order to make the lesson interactive: Interactive projectors with clickers Whiteboard/chalkboard Relatively inexpensive buzzers System models ex; digestive system pieces/blocks/models that students can put together Powerpoint presentation Overview: 1. Split up class in two teams on opposite sides of the room. 2. Go over the general function of the body system. Ex: function of nervous system is to send signals from one cell to another and to send signals from one part of the body to the others. Function of digestive system, etc 3. Show a pictures, general explanations of the part of a nerve axon, dendrite, stomach, small intestine, etc. 4. Next slide should be a review question over what was just discussed. Does the axon---? Is ---- the dendrite, etc? Does absorption take place in the stomach? Whichever team gets the right answer first gets a point. Can be done through buzzers or spokespersons, etc. 5. The lesson should continue like this with the class learning and then being quizzed shortly afterwards. There should also be review questions over slides a few minutes ago so the students dont forget what was discussed earlier 6. Bonus rounds should be a little harder than the others and worth more points. Make the bonus round questions very team based so everyone needs to help out building models, etc. 7. Some quiz slide questions can be anything from ordering (food passage through digestive system for example) to labeling parts of the system, choosing which does not fit, etc. Making the students work with the information as they assimilate and not just letting them sit back and write notes. 8. Ex interactive methods: a. Races to answer question on whiteboards b. Models c. Interactive whiteboards d. Buzzers e. Picking questions out of a brown bag f. Team A asks Team B a question, etc

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Course Guide of a Standard EMT Training Course
--Isolina Rossi; Mustang EMS Architect

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Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Course Guide of a Standard EMT Training Course
--Isolina Rossi; Mustang EMS Architect

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Proposal
Summary of the Benefits of a Student Run EMS Service

1. A highly motivated, dedicated group of EMS volunteers to serve the Southern Methodist University community. 2. A decrease in the cost of medical care to the students, faculty, and staff at Southern Methodist University. 3. An improvement in the current level of emergency care at Boston College. 4. Student knowledge of campus complicated for an outsider to navigate. 5. A significantly faster response time. 6. Public relations benefits in the community. 7. Better opportunities for students to get more involved in the campus community. 8. A more comprehensive upkeep of the University AED system. 9. Education initiatives strengthening Southern Methodist Universitys relationship with the local community. 10. Fostering a greater appreciation for the services of Southern Methodist University Police Department, Risk Management, the Memorial Conclusion Health Center, and University Park Fire Department. We wish to thank you for your time and consideration of this important matter. The safety of all of the Southern Methodist University community is of highest priority. We hope you agree that the addition of Mustang EMS of Southern Methodist University will significantly improve the quality of emergency care provided to the members of our community. We know we have exceptionally skilled, hard working, and dedicated Architects who care deeply and sincerely about Southern Methodist University and its students. We have no doubt this current and future leadership will guild this organization to be one of the most outstanding of its kind. Please help us meet that goal. We look forward to any questions or comments you may have. Very Sincerely, Mustang EMS Architect Group

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Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Mustang EMS Architect Group

Hiba Ibad

Elizabeth Berkman

Alexa Dow

Julia Anthony

Patricia Boh

Joe Esau

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Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Mustang EMS Architect Group

Mackenzie Keck

Kent Fischer

Katherine Ladner

Sarah Jaffar

Damilola Salako

Hannah Rigsby

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Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Mustang EMS Architect Group

Aldo and Isolina Rossi

Martha Pool

Ryan Writt

Parminder Deo

Mariam Hanif

Sofia Eros Savannah Stephens

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Mustang EMS Architect GroupJune 4th , 2011

Proposal
Mustang EMS Architect Group

Diana Mansour

Roy Kingry

Rand Singleton

Zac Friske

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