Geotech Report - USQ - BL4&5 - 5.31.11

Geotechnical Engineering Report
U Square Development Blocks 4 and 5

Calhoun Street
Cincinnati, Ohio
May 31, 2011
Terracon Project Number: N1115051

Prepared for:
Al Neyer, LLC
Cincinnati, Ohio

Prepared by:

Cincinnati, Ohio

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... I
1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1
2.0 PROJECT INFORMATION .............................................................................................................. 2
2.1 Project Description .............................................................................................................. 2
2.2 Site Location and Description ............................................................................................. 3
3.0 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................ 4
3.1 Site Background .................................................................................................................. 4
3.2 Typical Profile ...................................................................................................................... 4
3.3 Groundwater ....................................................................................................................... 5
4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION ..................................................... 6
4.1 Geotechnical Considerations .............................................................................................. 6
4.2 Earthwork ............................................................................................................................ 9
4.2.1 Site Preparation ...................................................................................................... 9
4.2.2 Material Types......................................................................................................... 9
4.2.3 Compaction Requirements ................................................................................... 11
4.2.4 Utility Trench Backfill ............................................................................................. 11
4.2.5 Grading and Drainage ........................................................................................... 12
4.2.6 Construction Considerations ................................................................................. 12
4.3 Foundations ...................................................................................................................... 13
4.3.1 Drilled Shafts Design Recommendations ............................................................. 13
4.3.2 Spread Footing Design Recommendations .......................................................... 14
4.3.3 Spread Footing Construction Considerations ....................................................... 15
4.4 Seismic Considerations .................................................................................................... 16
4.5 Floor Slab .......................................................................................................................... 16
4.5.1 Design Recommendations .................................................................................... 16
4.6 Lateral Earth Pressures .................................................................................................... 18
4.6.1 Design Recommendations .................................................................................... 18
4.7 Pavements ........................................................................................................................ 19
4.7.1 Subgrade Preparation ........................................................................................... 19
4.7.2 Design Considerations .......................................................................................... 20
4.7.3 Pavement Drainage .............................................................................................. 21
4.7.4 Pavement Maintenance ........................................................................................ 21
5.0 GENERAL COMMENTS................................................................................................................ 21

APPENDIX A FIELD EXPLORATION
Exhibit A-1 Site Location Map
Exhibit A-2 Test Boring and Test Pit Location Plan
Exhibit A-3 1966 Hamilton County Topographic Survey
Exhibit A-4 1912 Hamilton County Topographic Survey
Exhibit A-5 Historic Basement Information
Exhibits A-6A, A-6B Summary of Geotechnical Data

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)

Exhibit A-7 Top of Unweathered Gray Shale and Limestone Bedrock
Contours
Exhibit A-8 Field Exploration Description
Borings B4G-1 to B4G-5 Block 4 Garage Test Boring Logs
Borings B4B-1 to B4B-6 Block 4 Retail, Office and Hotel Boring Logs
Borings B5G-1 to B5G-5 Block 5 Garage Test Boring Logs
Borings B5B-1 to B5B-8 Block 4 Retail, Housing Boring Logs
Test Pits TP-1 to TP-10 Test Pit Logs

APPENDIX B LABORATORY TESTING
Exhibit B-1 Laboratory Testing
Exhibits B-2 to B-8 Unconfined Compression Test Data

APPENDIX C SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS
Exhibit C-1 General Notes
Exhibit C-2 Unified Soil Classification System
Exhibit C-3 Description of Rock Properties
Proposed U Square Development-Blocks 4 & 5 Calhoun St., Cincinnati, Ohio
May 31, 2011 HCN/Terracon Project No. N1115051

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A geotechnical study has been performed for Blocks 4 and 5 of the proposed U Square
development on Calhoun Street in Cincinnati, Ohio. A total of 24 new test borings were drilled
across the proposed structure footprints to depths ranging from approximately 5 to 50 feet
below existing ground surface. In addition, 10 test pits were performed across the project site to
depths ranging from about 2.5 to 8 feet below surface grades. Also, information developed from
previous geotechnical studies across this site has been reviewed and included as deemed
appropriate. Based on the information obtained from our subsurface explorations, the following
geotechnical considerations were identified:

The project site has variable depths of existing uncontrolled fill ranging from about 0.5 feet to
20 feet, being typically less than 10 feet. The existing fill was observed to contain various
proportions of construction debris including bricks, large limestone floaters, wood, asphalt and
concrete fragments. Remnants (including foundation and floor slab) of previously existing
structures were encountered in some of the test pits. The existing uncontrolled fill is unsuitable
for direct foundation, floor slab or pavement support. Selective reuse of existing uncontrolled
fill is anticipated and will require culling of construction debris and other deleterious material.
Additional test pits are recommended during construction to further evaluate existing
uncontrolled fill and delineate/remove remnants of previous structures.
The garage structure foundations should bear within unweathered gray shale and limestone
bedrock. To this end, drilled shafts will be required within portions of the footprint and spread
footings can be considered in areas where bedrock is at shallow depths below existing grades.
However, in light of the observed near-surface bedrock characteristics and presence of
backfilled basements, we recommend that all of the garage structure columns be supported on
drilled shafts to control foundation excavation and overexcavation. The lightly loaded knee
walls, retail area first floor walls and detention area grade separation walls can be supported on
spread footings bearing within very stiff natural overburden soils, brown weathered shale or
interbedded gray shale and limestone bedrock. However, it would be advantageous to use
grade beams connected to the drilled shafts for foundation support to control overexcavation.
Due to variable subsurface conditions (including varying depth to bedrock, uncontrolled fill
depths, overburden soil thickness) and for the estimated column loads, it is recommended
that the Retail/Office, Hotel and Retail/Housing structure columns be supported on drilled
shafts bearing within interbedded gray shale and limestone bedrock to keep total and
differential settlements within tolerable levels. The lightly loaded first floor walls of these
structures can be supported on spread footings bearing within very stiff natural overburden
soils, brown weathered shale or interbedded gray shale and limestone bedrock. It would be
advantageous to use grade beams connected to the drilled shafts for foundation support to
control overexcavation.
Per 2007 Ohio Building Code, a seismic Site Class C is recommended for seismic design.

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The floor slabs for the structures can be designed as slabs-on-grade bearing on natural
overburden soils, engineered fill or bedrock. In areas of existing uncontrolled fill, the positive
approach is to completely undercut the uncontrolled fill and replace as/with engineered fill. This
is recommended for floor slabs with stringent performance requirements. A reduced risk
approach is to undercut the uncontrolled fill such that the floor slab subgrade consists of a
minimum 3 feet of new engineered fill reinforced with 2 layers of geogrid reinforcement.
In pavement areas located over existing uncontrolled fill, it is recommended that the
uncontrolled fill be undercut such that the subgrade consists of a minimum 3 feet of new
engineered fill (a reduced risk approach). Consideration could be given to reinforcing the
engineered fill with 2 layers of geogrid to improve its performance in accommodating
differential settlements. The positive approach is to completely undercut the uncontrolled fill
and replace as/with engineered fill.
Excavations for new foundations, and utilities, undercuts, and site grading will likely
encounter remnants of previously existing structures. Removal of old foundations and floor
slabs should be anticipated. In new floor slab and pavement areas, consideration could be
given to removing the foundations a minimum 2 feet below design subgrade and leaving the
lower portion in place.

Close monitoring of the construction operations discussed herein will be critical in achieving the
design subgrade support. Due to the presence of variable subsurface conditions including
backfilled basements and remnant foundations, full-time monitoring by geotechnical personnel is
recommended during site preparation, earthwork and foundation installation. We recommend that
HCN be retained to perform construction testing and monitoring for this project.

This summary should be used in conjunction with the entire report for design purposes. It
should be recognized that details were not included or fully developed in this section, and the
report must be read in its entirety for a comprehensive understanding of the items contained
herein. The section titled GENERAL COMMENTS should be read for an understanding of the
report limitations.
Responsive Resourceful Reliable

1
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING REPORT
U SQUARE DEVELOPMENT BLOCKS 4 AND 5
CALHOUN STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO
HCN/Terracon Project No. N1115051
May 31, 2011

1.0 INTRODUCTION

A geotechnical engineering report has been completed for Blocks 4 and 5 of the proposed U
Square development on Calhoun Street in Cincinnati, Ohio. A total of twenty four (24) new test
borings were performed to supplement data obtained from previous geotechnical studies across
the project site. This included: five (5) test borings, designated B4G-1 through B4G-5, across the
Block 4 garage footprint drilled to approximate depths of 30 to 45 feet below existing ground
surface; five (5) test borings, designated B5G-1 through B5G-5, across the Block 5 garage
footprint drilled to approximate depths of 30 to 50 feet below existing ground surface; six (6) test
borings, designated B4B-1 through B4B-6, across the Block 4 Retail/Office and Hotel footprints
drilled to approximate depths of 6 to 21.5 feet below existing ground surface; and eight (8) test
borings, designated B5B-1 through B5B-8, across the Block 5 Retail/Housing footprint drilled to
approximate depths of 5 to 21 feet below existing ground surface. In addition to the test borings,
ten (10) test pits designated TP-1 through TP-10 were performed across the project site to
primarily evaluate the existing fill and identify remnants of previously existing structures. Logs of
the test borings and test pits along with a Site Location Map and Test Boring and Test Pit Location
Plan are included in Appendix A of this report.

The purpose of these services is to provide information and geotechnical engineering
recommendations relative to:

subsurface soil conditions seismic considerations
short-term groundwater conditions floor slab design and construction
earthwork
foundation design and construction
grade separation walls
pavement design and construction


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2.0 PROJECT INFORMATION

2.1 Project Description

ITEM DESCRIPTION
Site layout As shown in Exhibit A-2, Appendix A.
Buildings
Blocks 4 and 5 Garages: 6-level parking structure with
rectangular footprint having maximum plan dimensions of
approximately 178 feet x 127 feet. Retail area (approximately 78
feet x 60 feet) located within northwest corner of garage footprint.
Storm water detention area (approximately 65 feet x 30 feet)
located immediately south of/adjoining retail area.
Block 4 Retail/Office: 3-story, L-shaped footprint with maximum
plan dimensions of approximately 227 feet (along Calhoun
Street) x 111 feet. No basement.
Block 4 Select Service Hotel: In concept stage at the time of this
report; specific details not available. Maximum plan dimensions
anticipated to be about 220 feet (along McMillan Street) x 65
feet.
Block 5 Retail/Housing: 5-story, near-rectangular footprint with
maximum plan dimensions of approximately 395 feet (along
Calhoun Street) x 170 feet. No basement.
Building construction
Blocks 4 and 5 Garages: concrete frame structure with knee
walls, retail store front walls and detention structure walls on first
level.
Block 4 Retail/Office: steel-framed structure with lightly loaded
first floor walls.
Block 4 Select Service Hotel: In concept stage; details not
available.
Block 5 Retail/Housing: Concrete frame and roof platform for first
floor supporting 4 stories of wood-framed residential structure.
First floor walls are lightly loaded.
Finished floor elevations
Blocks 4 and 5 Garages: El. 864 feet toward south end (along
McMillan Street) to El. 858 feet toward north end (along
Calhoun Street). Between 856 feet and 858 feet in storm
water detention area.
Block 4 Retail/Office: El. 858 feet
Block 4 Select Service Hotel: In concept stage; assumed to be
between El. 862 and 864 feet
Block 5 Retail/Housing: Varies between El. 863 feet toward
south (along McMillan Street) to El. 860 feet toward north
(along Calhoun Street).
Maximum loads
Blocks 4 and 5 Garages:
Columns: 810 kips to 2,160 kips
First Floor Walls: 2 to 3 kips per lineal foot (assumed)

ITEM DESCRIPTION
Slab-on-grade: 150 psf (assumed)
Block 4 Retail/Office:
Columns: 190 kips to 290 kips
Block 4 Select Service Hotel:
In concept; loads not available at time of report.
Block 5 Retail/Housing:
Columns: 225 kips to 350 kips
Assumed loads should be confirmed by structural engineer
Maximum allowable settlement
Columns: 1 inch (assumed)
Walls: inch over 40 feet (assumed)
Tolerable settlements should be confirmed by structural engineer
Grading
Fill: Minimal (on the order of 1 to 2 feet) for general site grading;
up to about 7 feet for first floor garage ramp
Cut: up to about 8 feet
Cut and fill slopes None anticipated.
Below Grade Areas In elevator pit and garage storm water detention footprints.
Retaining walls
Short (less than 6 feet) below grade walls in elevator pit and
garage storm water detention areas; above grade ramp walls in
garage footprint and short grade separation walls in loading dock
areas.

2.2 Site Location and Description

ITEM DESCRIPTION
Location
The site is located on Calhoun Street (between Calhoun and
McMillan Streets) south of the University of Cincinnati west
campus in Cincinnati, Ohio (see Exhibit A-1, Appendix A).
Existing improvements
Site is currently an open area with surface parking lots
toward the central and southeast portions. The site was
previously occupied by several structures (see Exhibits A-3
and A-5, Appendix A) that have been demolished. Specific
details are not available for these structures. Remnants of
these structures are not currently visible at the surface.
Current ground cover
Primarily lawn covered with widely scattered trees along the
perimeter. An asphalt concrete pavement surface parking
lot is located toward the central portion of the site and a
fenced-in gravel lot is located toward the southeast corner of
the site.

ITEM DESCRIPTION
Existing topography
Relatively level to gently sloping downward from south
(along McMillan Street) to north (along Calhoun Street);
grades range between elevation 861 and 864 feet along
McMillan Street and between elevation 855 and 860 feet
along Calhoun Street

3.0 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS

3.1 Site Background

The project site is currently open and includes surface parking lots. The 1966 Topographic
Survey (Exhibit A-3) indicates footprints of numerous structures within Blocks 4 and 5. The
structures have since been demolished. Specific details (including basements) for each of the
previously existing structures are not available. ATC Associates, Inc. reviewed/researched
available information (obtained primarily for environmental studies) and developed limited
historic basement data for Blocks 4 and 5 (Basement Data Review/Research Report, Calhoun
Street Development- Blocks 4 and 5. Prepared for Towne Development Group, Ltd. by ATC
Associates, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio; August 19, 2008). Our interpretation of approximate
basement elevation (based on provided basement and current topographic survey information)
is shown on Exhibit A-5. It should be noted that these elevations are very approximate and field
variations should be expected. Details regarding foundation/basement walls that have either
been removed or left in-place, basement backfill material and placement methods are not
available.

The 1966 and 1912 Topographic Surveys (Exhibits A-3 and A-4, respectively) indicate grades
that are generally comparable to existing grades (Exhibit A-2) thereby suggesting minor site
grade alterations between the referenced periods.

3.2 Typical Profile

Based on the results of the test borings and test pits, subsurface conditions on the project site can
be generalized as follows:

Stratum
Approximate Depth to
Bottom of Stratum (feet)
Material Encountered Consistency/Density
Surficial
Material
0.2 to 0.5
Asphalt Pavement, Granular
Base, Topsoil, Floor Tile
N/A

Stratum
Approximate Depth to
Bottom of Stratum (feet)
Material Encountered Consistency/Density
Existing Fill
1

0.5 to 20, typically less than
10 feet
Lean Clay, Sand, Gravel,
with various proportions of
cinders, brick, concrete,
wood, limestone floaters,
construction debris
N/A
Natural
Cohesive
Soils

2.5 to 35
Lean Clay with various
proportions of sand,
limestone fragments
Medium Stiff to Hard
Weathered
Bedrock
2

2 to 20, does not occur at
all borings
Severe to moderately severe
weathered shale with various
proportions of limestone
Very soft to Soft (in terms
of rock hardness)
Unweathered
Bedrock
3

Borings terminated in this
stratum
Interbedded gray shale and
limestone (approximately
80% shale and 20%
limestone)
Very Soft to Moderately
Hard (in terms of rock
hardness)
1. We have not been provided any records confirming placement of existing fill as engineered fill.
Furthermore, the test pits revealed various proportions of construction debris. Some of the test pits
encountered floor tile, concrete slabs and foundation walls of previous structures. It is our opinion that
the fill is uncontrolled.
2. The weathered shale bedrock was encountered only at a few borings. The thickness of this stratum
was up to about 5 feet.
3. Published geologic literature cites that the bedrock belongs to the Maysville Formation, Corryville
and Mt. Auburn Members.

Conditions encountered at each test boring and test pit location are indicated on the individual
boring and test pit logs in Appendix A of this report. Stratification boundaries on the boring and test
pit logs represent the approximate location of changes in soil and bedrock types; in-situ, the
transition between materials may be gradual. The conditions encountered in test borings and test
pits for this study and relevant test borings of previous geotechnical studies in the project area are
graphically illustrated on the Summary of Geotechnical Data drawings (Exhibits A-6A and A-6B) in
Appendix A. The approximate top-of-gray shale and limestone bedrock contours are shown on
Exhibit A-7. These contours were developed using available test boring and test pit information
and are intended only to illustrate general trends; field variations from those shown on Exhibit A-7
should be expected. Excavations for the basements of previously existing structures could alter
the top of bedrock. Some the test borings and test pits encountered existing fill directly on top of
bedrock suggesting that previous site grading activities could have altered the bedrock surface.

3.3 Groundwater

The boreholes were observed while drilling and immediately after completion for the presence and
level of groundwater. Groundwater conditions were also observed during the excavation of test
pits. The water levels observed in the boreholes and test pits are noted on the boring and test pit
logs in Appendix A. During drilling, water was encountered only at borings B4G-5 and B5G-5 at

approximate depths of 4.5 feet and 18.5 feet below surface grades, respectively. Upon completion
of drilling, water was encountered only at the garage borings (B4G-1 through B4G-5 and B5G-1
through B5G-5) where rock coring was performed. However, water was added to these borings to
facilitate rock coring; hence the at-completion water levels in these borings are not reliable. The
test pits, except TP-5, did not encounter water during the excavation program. At TP-5, significant
water was encountered in the excavation below about 4 feet. The excavated material in this test
pit was primarily sand in the upper 4 feet underlain by gravel to the maximum explored depth of 8
feet (test pit was terminated because of significant caving). PVC pipe fragments were observed in
the lower gravel fill.

The short-term groundwater conditions summarized above does not necessarily represent stable
groundwater levels at the site. Due to the low permeability of the soils encountered in the borings,
a relatively long period of time may be necessary for a groundwater level to develop and stabilize in
a borehole in these materials. Long-term observations in piezometers or observation wells sealed
from the influence of surface water are often required to define groundwater levels in materials of
this type. From experience in the area, perched water conditions could be present within the
uncontrolled fill. Also, seepage is commonly observed along the uncontrolled fill/natural
overburden soil, natural overburden soil/bedrock interface and within bedrock along bedding
planes, cracks and fissures.

Groundwater level fluctuations occur due to seasonal variations in the amount of rainfall, runoff
and other factors not evident at the time the borings and test pits were performed. Therefore,
groundwater levels during construction or at other times in the life of the structure may be higher
or lower than the levels indicated on the boring and test pit logs. The possibility of groundwater
level fluctuations should be considered when developing the design and construction plans for
the project.

4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

4.1 Geotechnical Considerations

The field exploration program revealed a subsurface profile consisting of variable depths of existing
fill underlain by natural cohesive overburden soils and shale bedrock. The depth of existing fill
ranged from about 0.5 feet to 20 feet, being typically less than 10 feet. The existing fill was
observed to contain various proportions of construction debris including bricks, large limestone
floaters, wood, asphalt and concrete fragments. Remnants (including foundation and floor slab) of
previously existing structures were encountered in some of the test pits. We have interpreted the
existing fill to be uncontrolled and consider it to be unsuitable for foundation, floor slab or pavement
support.



Selective reuse of existing uncontrolled fill is anticipated and will require culling of construction
debris and other deleterious material. Additional test pits are recommended during construction to
further evaluate the uncontrolled fill and delineate/remove remnants of previous structures.

Based on the estimated garage column loads, we recommend that the garage structure column
foundations bear within competent unweathered gray shale and limestone bedrock. To this end,
drilled shafts will be required within portions of the footprint and spread footings can be considered
in areas where bedrock is at shallow depths (less than about 6 feet) below design subgrades.
However, in shallow bedrock areas, the bedrock near its interface with the overburden soils was
generally observed to be very soft and include weathered zones. Hence, overexcavation of
bedrock (possibly on the order of 3 to 4 feet) will likely be required to expose suitable bearing
material. Additionally, natural erosion and weathering of bedrock and the presence of backfilled
basements can alter the surface of unweathered bedrock and depth of foundation
excavation/overexcavation. Therefore, we recommend that all of the garage structure columns be
supported on drilled shafts to control foundation overexcavation and provide a more uniform
support.

The lightly loaded first floor garage walls and detention area grade separation walls can be
supported on spread footings bearing within very stiff natural overburden soils, brown weathered
shale or interbedded gray shale and limestone bedrock. However, it would be advantageous to
use grade beams connected to drilled shafts for foundation support of the walls to control
overexcavation and differential settlements.

We recommend that foundations for the columns of the Block 4 Retail/Office and Block 5
Retail/Housing structures be supported on layered bedrock (either brown weathered shale or gray
shale bedrock) to keep total and differential settlements within tolerable levels. To this end, rock-
bearing spread footings could be considered for foundation support in many areas with drilled
shafts being required in isolated areas. The lightly loaded first floor walls could be supported on
spread footings bearing within very stiff natural overburden soils, weathered brown shale bedrock
and unweathered gray shale bedrock. However, as discussed before, the top-of-bedrock across
the project site has very likely been altered by previously excavated basements and various depths
of excavation/overexcavation should be anticipated to reach suitable bearing material. From a
constructability standpoint it would be advantageous to use drilled shafts and grade beams (our
recommendation) to control the excavation depths and provide a more uniform foundation support.

The subgrade for the floor slab of the various structures is anticipated to consist of a
combination of existing uncontrolled fill, natural overburden soils, shale bedrock, and new
engineered fill. The existing uncontrolled fill is unsuitable for direct floor slab support. A
complete undercut of the uncontrolled fill and replacement with engineered fill is recommended
for floor slabs with stringent performance requirements. Consideration could be given to leaving
the lower portion of the uncontrolled fill in place below floor slabs depending on performance
requirements (at higher risk). With the partial undercut approach, the existing uncontrolled fill

should be undercut such that the floor slab subgrade consists of a minimum 3 feet of
engineered fill (the undercut can be terminated if competent natural soils or bedrock is
encountered at shallow depth). It is recommended that the engineered fill zone be reinforced
with two layers of geogrid (Tensar TX5 or approved equivalent) to improve the performance of
the engineered fill mattress in handling differential settlements. These geogrid layers should be
placed in the lower and mid-levels of the new fill zone and be separated by at least 8-inches
(vertically). It is important to recognize that the partial undercut only helps reduce the risk of
intolerable settlements, not eliminate it.

In pavement areas located over existing uncontrolled fill, it is recommended that the
uncontrolled fill be undercut such that the subgrade consists of a minimum 3 feet of engineered
fill (a reduced risk approach; the undercut can be terminated if competent natural soils or
bedrock is encountered at shallow depth). Consideration could be given to reinforcing the
engineered fill with 2 layers of geogrid (Tensar TX5 or approved equivalent) to improve its
performance in accommodating differential settlements. The geogrid placement should be as
described above. The positive approach is to completely undercut the uncontrolled fill and
replace as/with engineered fill.

Existing foundation walls were encountered in test pits TP-6 and TP-8. As discussed before,
the site was previously occupied by numerous structures that have been demolished and
specific information regarding their foundations and demolition is not available. Based on
conditions encountered at the test borings and test pits and our general understanding of the
use/type of structures, we anticipate spread footings were primarily used for foundation support.
The presence of previously existing structure foundations and floor slabs should be expected. A
complete removal of old foundations (in case of spread footings) and floor slabs will be required
in new foundation footprint areas. Offsetting of new foundations to avoid old foundations may
be required in areas where deep foundations were previously used. In new floor slab and
pavement areas, consideration could be given to demolishing/terminating the old foundation
walls/foundations a minimum 3 feet below design subgrade and leaving the lower portion in
place.

Support of floor slabs and pavements above existing fill soils is discussed in the following
paragraphs. However, even with the recommended construction testing, there is a risk for the
owner that unsuitable material within or buried by the fill will not be discovered. This risk cannot
be eliminated without removing all of the fill, but can be minimized by thorough exploration and
testing. The amount and depth of exploration should be field determined at the time of
observation.


4.2 Earthwork

4.2.1 Site Preparation
Site preparation should include stripping of topsoil, asphalt pavement and granular base and
removal of trees (including grubbing of roots). The stripped topsoil is not suitable for reuse as
engineered fill; however it can be stockpiled for use in future landscape areas. The stripped
asphalt (after processing) and granular base can be considered for reuse in new pavement
areas. Existing utilities within new structure footprints should preferably be relocated to the
outside. Abandoned utilities should either be completely removed (preferred) or grouted full
under pressure when left in place. After rough grading the site, it is recommended that a test pit
program be undertaken to explore backfilled basements, old foundations and further evaluate
the uncontrolled fill. Additional exploration is recommended in the vicinity of test pit TP-5 where
saturated gravel backfill was encountered to a depth of about 8 feet (test pit was terminated due
to caving conditions).

Foundations of previously existing structures should be removed completely or minimum 2 feet
below design subgrade. The uncontrolled fill should be undercut (and foundations
demolished/removed) as discussed and the bottom of the undercut (exposed soil areas only)
should be proof rolled with several passes of a loaded tandem-axle dump truck (weighing at
least 20 tons). Additionally, the use of a vibratory roller is recommended over exposed
uncontrolled fill areas to compact underlying construction debris left in-place. The proofrolling
should be performed under the observation of geotechnical personnel to delineate soft or
yielding areas. These areas will either need to be removed or stabilized in place to develop a
stable subgrade for engineered fill placement. The appropriate remedial measure(s) will
depend on encountered conditions and be field determined. Engineered fill can be placed on
the approved undercut subgrade to establish design subgrades.

All soil subgrade areas (including those areas to receive engineered fill to establish design
subgrades) should be proofrolled as discussed above. Soft, yielding areas should be delineated
and appropriate remedial measures should be employed to develop stable subgrades. See
Sections 4.1, 4.5.1, and 4.7.1 for discussion on undercuts and reinforcement of replacement fill
with geogrid.

All excavations at the site should be in accordance with current OSHA Excavation Regulations.

4.2.2 Material Types
Engineered fill should meet the following material property requirements:

Fill Type
1
USCS Classification Acceptable Location for Placement
Lean clay
CL
(LL<40)
All locations and elevations

Fill Type
1
USCS Classification Acceptable Location for Placement
Lean to fat clay
CL/CH
(40<LL<50)
> 3 ft. below finished grade in structural areas
Fat clay
2

CH
(LL >50)
In non-structural areas
Well graded
granular
GW
3
All locations and elevations
On-site soils and
bedrock
4

Varies
The existing uncontrolled fill soils primarily consist of
lean clays with various proportions of construction
debris. The uncontrolled fill will need to be
processed (including removal of construction debris
and other deleterious materials) to make it suitable
for use as engineered fill. The natural overburden
soils generally appear suitable for reuse as
engineered fill. Appropriate moisture conditioning
may be needed for all on site soils.
Bedrock will first need to be processed to make it
suitable for reuse as engineered fill. Preferable to
limit use to pavement and non-structural areas.
1. New engineered fill should consist of approved materials that are free of organic matter and
construction debris. Frozen material should not be used, and fill should not be placed on a frozen
subgrade. A sample of each material type should be submitted to the geotechnical engineer for
evaluation.
2. Delineation of fat clays should be performed in the field by a qualified geotechnical engineer or
their representative. Generally it is preferred not to use high plasticity clay within structural areas.
3. Similar to ODOT No. 304 stone or crushed limestone aggregate or granular material such as sand,
gravel or crushed stone containing no more than 18% low plasticity fines.
4. The brown weathered shale bedrock will need to be processed (primarily anticipated to consist of
removal/breakdown of large limestone floaters) to make it suitable for reuse as engineered fill. A
significant amount of processing (including slaking of the shale and breaking down of limestone)
will be necessary to make the gray shale and limestone bedrock suitable for use in engineered fill.
Consideration could be given to using the brown weathered shale bedrock after processing.
Maximum allowable solid fragment sizes should not exceed about 4-inches in any dimension. We
recommend that the gray shale and limestone bedrock be wasted off site. Recommendations for
processing the gray shale bedrock can be provided upon request.


4.2.3 Compaction Requirements
ITEM DESCRIPTION
Fill Lift Thickness (Structural Areas)
8-inches or less in loose thickness when heavy, self-
propelled equipment is used
6-inches or less in small, confined spaces and where
hand compaction equipment is used
Compaction Requirements
1

(Structural Areas)
Minimum 98% of the materials Standard Proctor
maximum dry density (ASTM D 698)
Compaction Requirements
1

(Non-Structural/Landscape Areas)
Minimum 95% of the materials Standard Proctor
maximum dry density (ASTM D 698) provided long-term
plans do not include a structure
Moisture Content - Cohesive Soil
(Low Plasticity)
Within 3% of optimum moisture content (OMC) as
determined by the Standard Proctor test at the time of
placement and compaction
Moisture Content - Granular Material
2
Within workable moisture levels
1. Should the results of the in-place density tests indicate the specified moisture or compaction limits
have not been met, the area represented by the test should be reworked and retested as required
until the specified moisture and compaction requirements are achieved.
2. Specifically, moisture levels should be maintained low enough to allow for satisfactory compaction
to be achieved without the cohesionless fill material pumping when proofrolled.
All materials to be used as engineered fill should be tested in the laboratory to determine their suitability
and compaction characteristics.

4.2.4 Utility Trench Backfill
All trench excavations should be made with sufficient working space to permit construction
including backfill placement and compaction. If utility trenches are backfilled with relatively clean
granular material, they should be capped with at least 18 inches of cohesive fill in non-pavement
exterior areas to reduce the infiltration and conveyance of surface water through the trench backfill.

Utility trenches are a common source of water infiltration and migration. All utility trenches that
penetrate beneath the buildings should be effectively sealed to restrict water intrusion and flow
through the trenches that could migrate below the building. We recommend constructing an
effective clay trench plug that extends at least 5 feet out from the face of the building exterior.
The plug material should consist of clay compacted at a water content at or above the soils
optimum water content. The clay fill should be placed to completely surround the utility line and be
compacted in accordance with recommendations in this report.


4.2.5 Grading and Drainage
Final surrounding grades should be sloped away from the structure on all sides to promote
positive drainage and prevent ponding of water. Gutters and downspouts that drain water a
minimum of 10 feet beyond the footprint of the proposed structures are recommended. This can
be accomplished through the use of splash-blocks, downspout extensions, and flexible pipes
that are designed to attach to the end of the downspout. Flexible pipe should only be used if it
is daylighted in such a manner that it gravity-drains collected water. Splash-blocks should also
be considered below hose bibs and water spigots.

4.2.6 Construction Considerations
Although the exposed subgrade is anticipated to be relatively stable upon initial exposure, unstable
subgrade conditions could develop during general construction operations, particularly if the soils
are wetted and/or subjected to repetitive construction traffic. The use of light construction
equipment would aid in reducing subgrade disturbance.

Shale bedrock (primarily gray) is anticipated to be exposed across portions of the subgrades.
The shale bedrock slakes (becomes soil like) upon exposure to water and may require
undercutting to stable bedrock. Consideration could be given to placing a lean concrete mud
mat on the approved bedrock subgrade to minimize exposure to weather and control
undercutting.

Upon completion of filling and grading, care should be taken to maintain the subgrade moisture
content prior to construction of floor slabs and pavements. Construction traffic over the
completed subgrade should be avoided to the extent practical. The site should also be graded
to prevent ponding of surface water on the prepared subgrades or in excavations. If the
subgrade should become frozen, desiccated, saturated, or disturbed, the affected material
should be removed or these materials should be scarified, moisture conditioned, and
recompacted prior to floor slab and pavement construction.

Trees or other vegetation whose root systems have the ability to remove excessive moisture
from the subgrade and foundation soils should not be planted next to the structure. Trees and
shrubbery should be kept away from the exterior edges of the foundation element a distance at
least equal to 1.5 times their expected mature height.

As a minimum, all temporary excavations should be sloped or braced as required by current
OSHA regulations to provide stable and safe working conditions. Temporary excavations will be
required during grading operations. The grading contractor, by his contract, is usually
responsible for designing and constructing stable, temporary excavations and should shore,
slope or bench the sides of the excavations as required, to maintain stability of both the
excavation sides and bottom. All excavations should comply with applicable local, state and
federal safety regulations, including the current Occupational Health and Safety Administration
(OSHA) Excavation and Trench Safety Standards.


The geotechnical engineer should be retained during the construction phase of the project to
observe earthwork and to perform necessary tests and observations during subgrade
preparation; proof-rolling; placement and compaction of engineered fills; backfilling of
excavations into the completed subgrade, and just prior to construction of building floor slabs
and pavements.

4.3 Foundations

4.3.1 Drilled Shafts Design Recommendations
Straight-sided drilled shafts bearing a minimum of 3 feet or 1-pier diameter (which ever is
greater) into the gray unweathered shale and limestone bedrock can be proportioned using an
allowable end bearing capacity is 50,000 psf over the cross-sectional area of the shaft bottom.
Additionally, if the drilled shafts are extended deeper than the minimum socket requirement into
the gray unweathered shale and limestone bedrock, an allowable side resistance of 2,500 psf
can be used for the shaft portion below the minimum socket length. A minimum drilled shaft
length of 10 feet or 3-shaft diameters (whichever is greater) is recommended in order to take
advantage of the depth factor associated with deep foundations.

It is recommended that the following criteria be used in the design and construction of the drilled
shaft foundation system.

1. The shaft diameter should be no less than 30-inches for inspection purposes. The use
of 24-inch diameter shafts will require specific evaluation.

2. The actual bottom elevation of each shaft will be determined in the field during
construction, through inspection by a representative (geotechnical technician) of the
geotechnical engineer.

3. The specifications should be clear that the bottom of drilled shaft elevations shown on
the plans is for estimating purposes only. The actual determination will be made (by the
geotechnical engineer or his representative) from examination of the material brought to
the surface by the auger during shaft construction.

4. The specifications should require that no concrete be placed until the dimensions,
bottom elevation and excavation of each shaft has been approved by the inspector. It is
possible that groundwater will enter some of the shaft. It is recommended that the
specifications state that the depth of water and loose materials at the bottom of the shaft
at the time of concreting shall not be greater than 2 inches.

5. Temporary casing should be available on-site and shall be placed wherever required to
stabilize loose or caving materials, or to seal off any water bearing zones.


6. It is recommended that the specifications state that all structural steel and shaft concrete
be placed the same day as the shaft is drilled. No completed shaft excavation should be
allowed to remain open overnight. It is suitable, however, for the contractor to excavate
a portion of the drilled shaft, and complete the shaft excavation the next day. The
bedrock socket portion of the drilled shaft should be excavated and concreted the same
day

7. When a shaft excavation is allowed to remain open overnight, a portion of the excavation
typically fills with water, which then needs to be pumped out. Also, the bottom of the
excavation then needs to be mucked of soft material.

Old foundations, floor slabs, construction debris and other obstructions associated with
remnants of previous structures may be encountered during the installation of drilled shafts.

4.3.2 Spread Footing Design Recommendations
DESCRIPTION Column Wall
Net allowable bearing pressure
1

Very stiff natural soils :
3,000 psf
Gray shale bedrock :
25,000 psf
Very stiff natural soils :
2,500 psf
Gray shale bedrock :
20,000 psf
Minimum dimensions 24 inches 18 inches
Minimum embedment below finished
grade for frost protection
2

30 inches 30 inches
Estimated total settlement
3
Up to 1-inch Up to 0.75-inch
Estimated differential settlement Up to 0.75-inch Up to 0.50-inch
Allowable passive pressure
4

Natural very stiff soil : 500 psf
Gray shale bedrock : 1,500 psf
Ultimate coefficient of sliding friction
4
Soil : 0.30
Gray shale bedrock : 0.40
1. The recommended net allowable bearing pressure is the pressure in excess of the minimum
surrounding overburden pressure at the footing base elevation. Assumes any unsuitable fill or soft
soils and shale bedrock, where present, will be undercut and the footing will be lowered to at least
very stiff natural cohesive soils, medium hard gray shale bedrock or the overexcavations will be
backfilled with lean concrete (minimum 28-day compressive strength of 1,500 psi for garage
columns and 1,000 psi in other areas) .
2. To reduce the effects of seasonal moisture variations in the subgrade soils. Perimeter footings and
footings beneath unheated areas.

DESCRIPTION Column Wall
3. The foundation settlement will depend upon the variations within the subsurface soil and bedrock
profile, the structural loading conditions, the embedment depth of the footings, the thickness of
compacted fill, and the quality of the earthwork operations.
4. The sides of the excavation for the spread footing foundation must be nearly vertical and the
concrete should be placed neat against these vertical faces for the passive earth pressure values
to be valid. If the loaded side is sloped or benched, and then backfilled, the allowable passive
pressure will be significantly reduced. Passive resistance in the upper 2.5 feet of the soil profile and
in uncontrolled fill should be neglected. If passive resistance is used to resist lateral loads, the base
friction should be neglected. The recommended ultimate coefficient of sliding friction values require
that mass concrete be placed directly on undisturbed, approved bearing material. A minimum factor
of safety of 1.5 is recommended.

4.3.3 Spread Footing Construction Considerations
The base of all footing excavations should be free of water and loose soil and rock prior to
placing concrete. Concrete should be placed soon after excavating to reduce bearing soil and
bedrock disturbance. Should the soils or bedrock at bearing level become excessively dry,
disturbed or saturated, or frozen, the affected soil, bedrock should be removed prior to placing
concrete. Place a lean concrete mud-mat over the bearing soils or bedrock if the excavations
must remain open over night or for an extended period of time. It is recommended that the
geotechnical engineer be retained to observe, test and approve the footing bearing materials.

If unsuitable bearing soils or bedrock are encountered in footing excavations, the excavations
should be extended deeper to suitable soils or bedrock and the footings could either bear
directly on these materials at the lower elevation or on lean concrete backfill (minimum 28-day
compressive strength of 1,500 psi for garage columns and 1,000 psi in other areas) placed in
the excavation. The overexcavation and backfill procedure is described in the figure below.


4.4 Seismic Considerations

Code Used Site Classification
2007 Ohio Building Code
1
C
2

1. In general accordance with the 2007 Ohio Building Code (OBC), Seismic Site Class is based on the
characteristics of the upper 100 feet of the subsurface profile.

2. The OBC requires a site soil/bedrock profile determination extending to a depth of 100 feet for
seismic site classification. The current study does not include the 100 foot soil/bedrock profile
determination. Borings extended to a maximum depth of 50 feet and were terminated in bedrock.
HCN has previously preformed downhole shear wave velocity testing in the immediate vicinity of the
project site. The data developed from previous shear wave velocity tests, our understanding of the
geology of the area and conditions encountered at this site was used to determine the seismic site
class.

As required in the OBC, evaluation of slope instability, liquefaction and surface rupture due to
failure or lateral spreading should be evaluated on sites categorized as Seismic Design
Category C. Due to the predominantly cohesive nature of the overburden soils, liquefaction of
the soils is not considered a significant concern. The proposed project site is relatively level to
gently sloping; therefore, slope stability should not be an issue. The overburden soils are not
considered susceptible to surface rupture due to faulting or lateral spreading.

4.5 Floor Slab

4.5.1 Design Recommendations

ITEM DESCRIPTION
Floor slab support
Presence of existing fill soils,
special subgrade preparation is required
1

Modulus of subgrade reaction
100 pounds per square inch per in (psi/in) for point loading
conditions
Aggregate base course/capillary
break
2

4 inches of free draining granular material
1. Floor slabs should be structurally independent of any building foundations or walls to reduce the
possibility of floor slab cracking caused by differential movements between the slab and
foundation.
Due to the presence of uncontrolled fill soils at floor slab subgrade level, we recommend
undercutting and replacement of existing fill soils with new engineered fill such that the floor slab is
supported on at least 3 ft. of new engineered fill with consideration of additional fill reinforcement
using geogrid (see Section 4.1 Geotechnical Considerations). This fill should meet the
requirements and placed as recommended in Section 4.2 Earthwork of the report.
We recommend floor subgrades be maintained in a relatively moist condition until floor slabs are
constructed. If the subgrade should become desiccated prior to construction of floor slabs, the
affected material should be removed or the materials scarified, moistened, and recompacted.

Upon completion of grading operations in the building areas, care should be taken to maintain the
recommended subgrade moisture content and density prior to construction of the building floor
slabs.
2. Free-draining granular material should have less than 5 percent fines (material passing the #200
sieve). Other design considerations such as cold temperatures and condensation development
could warrant more extensive design provisions.

The floor slab subgrade is anticipated to primarily consist of a combination of engineered fill and
gray shale and limestone bedrock with natural overburden soils and brown weathered shale in
some areas. Due to the variety of subgrade materials (and in areas where the existing
uncontrolled fill is left in place), it is recommended that the stiffness of the slab be increased
(either by increasing thickness, including reinforcing steel or both) to improve its performance.
Also, control joints are recommended in subgrade transition areas. Saw-cut control joints
should be placed in the slab to help control the location and extent of cracking. For additional
recommendations refer to the ACI Design Manual. Joints or any cracks that develop should be
sealed with a water-proof, non-extruding compressible compound specifically recommended for
heavy duty concrete pavement and wet environments.

The use of a vapor retarder should be considered beneath concrete slabs on grade that will be
covered with wood, tile, carpet or other moisture sensitive or impervious coverings, or when the
slab will support equipment sensitive to moisture. When conditions warrant the use of a vapor
retarder, the slab designer should refer to ACI 302 and/or ACI 360 for procedures and cautions
regarding the use and placement of a vapor retarder.

Where floor slabs are tied to perimeter walls or turn-down slabs to meet structural or other
construction objectives, our experience indicates that any differential movement between the
walls and slabs will likely be observed in adjacent slab expansion joints or floor slab cracks that
occur beyond the length of the structural dowels. The structural engineer should account for
this potential differential settlement through use of sufficient control joints, appropriate
reinforcing or other means.

On most project sites, the site grading is generally accomplished early in the construction phase.
However as construction proceeds, the subgrade may be disturbed due to utility excavations,
construction traffic, desiccation, rainfall, etc. As a result, the floor slab subgrade may not be
suitable for placement of aggregate base and concrete and corrective action will be required. The
gray shale bedrock slakes when exposed to water and will require undercutting to expose stable
bedrock. Consideration could be given to placing a lean concrete mud mat on the approved
subgrade for protection and to serve as a suitable working platform.

Grading to establish slab-on-grade subgrade is anticipated to expose bedrock/soil interface in
some areas. From experience, seepage commonly occurs along the bedrock/soil interface. Free

draining granular base is recommended below the floor slab (see Section 4.5.1 Design
Recommendations) to collect and discharge this seepage.

We recommend the area underlying the floor slab be rough graded and then thoroughly
proofrolled (soil areas) with a loaded tandem-axle dump truck (minimum 20-ton) prior to final
grading and placement of aggregate base. Particular attention should be paid to high traffic areas
that were rutted and disturbed earlier and to areas where backfilled trenches are located. Areas
where unsuitable conditions are located should be repaired by removing and replacing the
affected material with properly compacted fill. All floor slab subgrade areas should be moisture
conditioned and properly compacted to the recommendations in this report immediately prior to
placement of the aggregate base and concrete.

4.6 Lateral Earth Pressures

Permanent subsurface walls up to about 6 feet tall are anticipated within the storm water
detention areas (inside the garages) and elevator pit areas of the buildings. Grade separation
walls are also anticipated in loading dock areas (up to about 5 feet tall) and first floor garage
ramps. These walls are anticipated to be restrained against rotation at their top (braced by the
floor slab) and expected to behave in a relatively rigid manner. Therefore, it is recommended that
these walls be designed for near at-rest lateral earth pressures. The design recommendations
for the walls are summarized below. The recommended design lateral earth pressures do not
include a factor of safety and do not provide for possible hydrostatic pressure on the walls.

4.6.1 Design Recommendations
Backslope Level
Lateral Pressures
1

30H psf rectangular distribution plus 1/2 of any surcharge located
above the grade separation wall.
Backfill
2

Minimum 2-feet wide (from the backface of the wall) free-
draining granular material
Foundation See Section 4.3 Foundations
1 The earth pressure recommendation is based upon the requirement that free-draining granular backfill
zone be provided (as recommended above) along with drainage provisions. It is assumed that
adequate drainage measures (including foundation drains) will be incorporated so that hydrostatic
pressures will not be allowed to develop behind the wall.
2 Free-draining granular material should have less than 7 percent fines (material passing the #200
sieve), such as ODOT No. 57 or No. 67 crushed stone.

Consideration could be given to supporting the subsurface and grade separation walls on spread
footings bearing within very stiff natural overburden soils or bedrock. Alternately, these walls can
be supported on grade beams connected to drilled shafts. The design and construction of spread
footings should be in accordance with recommendations in Section 4.3 Foundations. The
feasibility of supporting short grade separation walls with spread footings bearing on partially

improved (with undercut and replacement) existing uncontrolled fill soils will require specific
evaluation.

The placement of retaining wall backfill should be consistent with recommendations in section
4.2.3 Compaction Requirements. It is recommended that light-duty, hand compaction
equipment be used within 5-feet of the wall backface to minimize compaction stresses on the
wall.

Consideration could be given to including a nonwoven geotextile fabric to separate the granular
wall backfill from the surrounding soil. Mirafi 140N, Carthage Mills FX-40HS or approved
equivalent geotextile fabric is recommended.

To avoid surface water from directly penetrating the wall backfill, a layer of cohesive soil or a
concrete floor slab or pavement should cap the surface of the backfill and slope away from the
wall. If cohesive soils are used, normally a 12 to 18-inch thick layer of cohesive material is
utilized for this purpose.

To control hydrostatic pressures behind the wall, we recommend that a drain be installed (behind
the wall at foundation level) with a collection pipe leading to a reliable discharge. If this is not
possible, then hydrostatic pressures will need to be included. Recommendations for specific cases
can be provided, upon request, as an addendum to this report.

4.7 Pavements

4.7.1 Subgrade Preparation
The subgrade for pavements should be prepared in accordance with recommendations in Section
4.2 Earthwork of this report. Existing uncontrolled fill soils at the pavement subgrade level should
be undercut and replaced with new engineered fill such that the subgrade consists of minimum 3
feet of engineered fill reinforced with geogrid as described in Section 4.1 Geotechnical
Considerations.

On most project sites, the site grading is accomplished relatively early in the construction phase.
Fills are placed and compacted in a uniform manner. However, as construction proceeds,
excavations are made into these areas, rainfall and surface water saturates some areas, heavy
traffic from concrete trucks and other delivery vehicles disturbs the subgrade and many surface
irregularities are filled in with loose soils to improve trafficability temporarily. As a result, the
pavement subgrades, initially prepared early in the project, should be carefully evaluated as the
time for pavement construction approaches.

We recommend the moisture content and density of the top 9 inches of the subgrade (in soil
areas) be evaluated and the pavement subgrade (soil areas) be proof-rolled within two days prior

to commencement of actual paving operations. Soil subgrade areas not in compliance with the
required ranges of moisture or density should be moisture conditioned and recompacted.
Particular attention should be paid to high traffic areas that were rutted and disturbed earlier and
to areas where backfilled trenches are located. Subgrade areas with gray shale bedrock should
be evaluated immediately prior to placing the aggregate base. All subgrade areas where
unsuitable conditions are located should be repaired by removing and replacing the materials with
properly compacted fills.

If a significant precipitation event occurs after the evaluation or if the surface becomes disturbed,
the subgrade should be reviewed by qualified personnel immediately prior to paving. The
subgrade should be in its finished form at the time of the final review.

4.7.2 Design Considerations
Traffic patterns and anticipated loading conditions were not available at the time that this report
was prepared. However, we anticipate that traffic loads will be produced primarily by automobile
traffic and occasional delivery and trash removal trucks. The thickness of pavements should be
determined using expected traffic volumes, vehicle types, and vehicle loads and should be in
accordance with local, city or county ordinances.

Pavement thickness can be determined using AASHTO, Asphalt Institute and/or other methods if
specific wheel loads, axle configurations, frequencies, and desired pavement life are available.
HCN can provide thickness recommendations for flexible and rigid pavements subjected to
anticipated traffic loads (if this information is provided) as an extension to our current scope of
work.

An estimated CBR value of 3 is recommended for proportioning flexible pavement sections.
This assumes that the subgrade is prepared in accordance with Section 4.7.1 Subgrade
Preparation. Laboratory and/or field CBR testing is recommended to be performed during
construction to confirm the design value. A modulus of subgrade reaction value of 100 pounds
per cubic inch is recommended for design of rigid Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement
sections. PCC pavement sections are recommended in loading dock and dumpster areas.

Pavement performance is affected by its surroundings. In addition to providing preventive
maintenance, the civil engineer should consider the following recommendations in the design
and layout of pavements:

Final grade adjacent to parking lots and drives should slope down from pavement edges at
a minimum 2%;
The subgrade and the pavement surface should have a minimum inch per foot slope to
promote proper surface drainage;
Install pavement drainage surrounding areas anticipated for frequent wetting (e.g., landscape
islands);
Install joint sealant and seal cracks immediately;

Seal all landscaped areas in, or adjacent to pavements to reduce moisture migration to
subgrade soils;
Place compacted, low permeability backfill against the exterior side of curb and gutter; and,
Place curb, gutter and/or sidewalk directly on clay subgrade soils rather than on unbound
granular base course materials.

4.7.3 Pavement Drainage
Pavements should be sloped to provide rapid drainage of surface water. Water allowed to pond
on or adjacent to the pavements could saturate the subgrade and contribute to premature
pavement deterioration. In addition, the pavement subgrade should be graded to provide positive
drainage within the granular base section. Appropriate sub-drainage or connection to a suitable
daylight outlet should be provided to remove water from the granular base.

4.7.4 Pavement Maintenance
Periodic maintenance of pavement sections should be anticipated. Therefore preventive
maintenance should be planned and provided for through an on-going pavement management
program. Preventive maintenance activities are intended to slow the rate of pavement
deterioration, and to preserve the pavement investment. Preventive maintenance consists of both
localized maintenance (e.g., crack and joint sealing and patching) and global maintenance (e.g.,
surface sealing). Preventive maintenance is usually the first priority when implementing a planned
pavement maintenance program and provides the highest return on investment for pavements.
Prior to implementing any maintenance, additional engineering observation is recommended to
determine the type and extent of preventive maintenance. Even with periodic maintenance, some
movements and related cracking may still occur and repairs may be required.

5.0 GENERAL COMMENTS

Terracon should be retained to review the final design plans and specifications so comments
can be made regarding interpretation and implementation of our geotechnical recommendations
in the design and specifications. Terracon also should be retained to provide observation and
testing services during grading, excavation, foundation construction, floor slab and pavement
subgrade preparation, wall backfill placement and other earth-related construction phases of the
project.

The analysis and recommendations presented in this report are based upon the data obtained
from the borings performed at the indicated locations and from other information discussed in
this report. This report does not reflect variations that may occur between borings, across the
site, or due to the modifying effects of weather. The nature and extent of such variations may
not become evident until during or after construction. If variations appear, we should be
immediately notified so that further evaluation and supplemental recommendations can be
provided.


The scope of services for this project does not include either specifically or by implication any
environmental or biological (e.g., mold, fungi, bacteria) assessment of the site or identification or
prevention of pollutants, hazardous materials or conditions. If the owner is concerned about the
potential for such contamination or pollution, other studies should be undertaken. While
environmental-related services are not part of this scope, please note the detected

This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of our client for specific application to the
project discussed and has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted geotechnical
engineering practices. No warranties, either express or implied, are intended or made. Site
safety, excavation support, and dewatering requirements are the responsibility of others. In the
event that changes in the nature, design, or location of the project as outlined in this report are
planned, the conclusions and recommendations contained in this report shall not be considered
valid unless Terracon reviews the changes and either verifies or modifies the conclusions of this
report in writing.

APPENDIX A
FIELD EXPLORATION

CALHOUN STREET
McMILLAN STREET
McMILLAN STREET
H
A
R
T
S
H
O
R
N
W
. C
L
I F
T
O
N
CALHOUN STREET
1
-
2
-
4
-
859' 861' 860' 861'
861'
860' 859' 860'
859'
863' 863' 863'
862'
862' 861' 861'
860'
861'
861'
861'
861'
RETAIL
4,910 SF
STORMWATER
DETENTION
864'
864'
865'
861'
860'
859'
858'
857'
856'
857' 858' 859'
862'
861'
860'
859'
858'
1 A100
FLOOR PLAN
GROUND LEVEL
TEMPORARY
BENCHMARK
TEMPORARY
BENCHMARK
TEMPORARY
BENCHMARK
DESIGNED BY:
SCALE:
APPVD. BY:
DRAWN BY:
DATE:
SHEET NO.:
JOB NO.
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ACAD NO.
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RV
KM
RV
1"=40'
04/22/2011
N1115051
AN BL.DWG
A-2
SCALE IN FEET
0 40 40 20
EXHIBIT A-2
DESIGNED BY:
SCALE:
APPVD. BY:
DRAWN BY:
DATE:
SHEET NO.:
JOB NO.
BY DESCRIPTION DATE REV.
ACAD NO.
SUMMARY OF GEOTECHNICAL DATA
U SQUARE DEVELOPMENT
AL NEYER, LLC
CALHOUN STREET
CINCINNATI OHIO
RV
RV
1"=5' V
04/02/2011
N1115051
AN PR.DWG
A-6A
EXHIBIT A-6A
611 LUNKEN PARK DRIVE CINCINNATI, OHIO 45226
FAX. (513) 321-4540 PH. (513) 321-5816
KM
BLOCK 5 - GARAGE BLOCK 5 - RETAIL/HOUSING
SLAB-ON-GRADE
FINISH FLOOR EL. VARIES
BETWEEN 858 AND 864 FT.
SLAB-ON-GRADE
DESIGNED BY:
SCALE:
APPVD. BY:
DRAWN BY:
DATE:
SHEET NO.:
JOB NO.
BY DESCRIPTION DATE REV.
ACAD NO.
SUMMARY OF GEOTECHNICAL DATA
U SQUARE DEVELOPMENT
AL NEYER, LLC
CALHOUN STREET
CINCINNATI OHIO
RV
RV
1"=5' V
04/02/2011
N1115051
AN PR.DWG
A-6B
EXHIBIT A-6B
611 LUNKEN PARK DRIVE CINCINNATI, OHIO 45226
FAX. (513) 321-4540 PH. (513) 321-5816
KM
BLOCK 4 - SERVICE HOTEL, RETAIL/OFFICE BLOCK 4 - GARAGE
SLAB-ON-GRADE


Exhibit A-8
Field Exploration Description
The test boring and test pit locations were laid out on the site by HCN personnel using a
topographic survey drawing prepared by Woolpert, Inc. and referencing existing site features.
Ground surface elevations at test boring and test pit locations were surveyed by HCN personnel
using existing manhole rim elevations as temporary benchmarks (see Exhibit A-2). The locations
and elevations of the borings and test pits should be considered accurate only to the degree
implied by the means and methods used to define them.

The borings were drilled with ATV-mounted rotary drill rig using continuous flight hollow-stem
augers to advance the boreholes. All of the borings were terminated in bedrock. Samples of the
soil encountered in the borings were obtained using the split-barrel sampling procedures. In the
split barrel sampling procedure, the number of blows required to advance a standard 2-inch O.D.
split-barrel sampler the last 12 inches of the typical total 18-inch penetration by means of a rope
and cathead manual safety hammer with a free fall of 30 inches, is the standard penetration
resistance value (SPT-N). This value is used to estimate the in-situ relative density of cohesionless
soils and consistency of cohesive soils. At the garage borings, bedrock was cored using an NQ
size core barrel. At the non-garage borings, a sample of the bedrock was obtained by over-driving
the split-barrel sampler and the boring was terminated.

An automatic SPT hammer was used to advance the split-barrel sampler in the borings performed
on this site. A greater efficiency is typically achieved with the automatic hammer compared to the
conventional safety hammer operated with a cathead and rope. Published correlations between the
SPT values and soil properties are based on the lower efficiency cathead and rope method. This
higher efficiency affects the standard penetration resistance blow count (N) value by increasing the
penetration per hammer blow over what would obtained using the cathead and rope method. The
effect of the automatic hammer's efficiency has been considered in the interpretation and analysis
of the subsurface information for this report.

The samples were tagged for identification, sealed to reduce moisture loss, and taken to our
laboratory for further examination, testing, and classification. Information provided on the boring
logs attached to this report includes soil and bedrock descriptions, consistency and hardness
evaluations, boring depths, sampling intervals, and groundwater conditions. The borings were
backfilled with auger cuttings prior to the drill crew leaving the site.

A field log of each boring was prepared by the drill crew. These logs included visual classifications
of the materials encountered during drilling as well as the drillers interpretation of the subsurface
conditions between samples. Final boring logs included with this report represent the engineer's
review of obtained soil samples, drillers field logs and include modifications based on laboratory
tests of the samples.

The test pits were performed using a track hoe and operator provided by Al. Neyer, LLC. The test
pit excavations were witnessed by an HCN field geologist who prepared a field log of encountered


Exhibit A-8
conditions for each test pit and took photographs. The test pits (except for one) were terminated in
bedrock. Groundwater conditions were observed in each of the test pit excavations. The test pits
were backfilled soon after their completion with the excavated material placed in thick lifts
compacted with several tamps of the backhoe bucket.
FILL, lean clay, sand and gravel, brick
fragments, trace root matter 0-0.5', asphalt
fragments, brown and dark brown
FILL, limestone fragments, sand
LEAN CLAY, trace silt, trace sand, trace
black iron and reddish-brown iron oxide
stains, olive-brown and reddish-brown,
very stiff
-intermediate weathered gray limestone
fragments between 8-9'
LEAN CLAY, trace silt, trace sand,
weathered limestone fragments, laminated,
(RESIDUUM), trace reddish-brown iron
oxide stains, olive-brown, very stiff
SEVERELY WEATHERED BROWN
SHALE, very soft
SHALE, gray, very soft, trace limestone
fragments
2.5
7.5
15
16
20
22
RQD=36%
862
857
849.5
848.5
844.5
842.5
1500
4000
8000
9-10-9
(19)
98-12-20
(32)
21-100-40
(140)
7-10-20
(30)
8-11-11
(22)
33-40-50/3"
CORED
67
67
33
100
100
67
82
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
NQ
28
13
17
CL
CL
*Calibrated Hand Penetrometer
N/E
WATER LEVEL OBSERVATIONS, ft
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
The stratification lines represent the approximate boundary lines
BORING STARTED
between soil and rock types: in-situ, the transition may be gradual.
U Square Development
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
Boring Location: As Shown on Test Boring Location Plan
Approx. Surface Elev.: 864.45 ft U
N
C
O
N
F
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E
D
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ELEVATION REFERENCE
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Continued Next Page
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
LOG OF BORING NO. B4G-1
Al Neyer, LLC
3-11-11
CLIENT
3-11-11
Manhole Rim Elev. = 860.01 ft.
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
25
D
E
P
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,

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U
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W
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E
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,

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6
i
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-

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U
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S
Y
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B
O
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N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

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S
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B
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I
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L
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5
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1
1
INTERBEDDED SHALE AND GRAY
MEDIUM GRAINED LIMESTONE,
moderately fractured throughout
-Shale is medium gray, mostly calcareous,
horizontally bedded and fractured at weak
bedding planes, heavily fractured at
28.5-29.1', compact to fissile, moderately
hard to very soft, slightly weathered to
fresh with some clay-like layers
-Limestone is light and medium gray with
some argillaceous zones, moderately hard
to hard, slightly weathered to fresh, vertical
fractures at 23.1-23.2', iron oxide stains
23.8-24' and 33.5-33.6'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
LIMESTONE 20% (approx.)
Boring Completed at 37 ft.
37
RQD=46%
RQD=48%
827.5
CORED
CORED
100
100
2
3
NQ
NQ
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
U
N
C
O
N
F
I
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E
D
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ELEVATION REFERENCE
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DESCRIPTION
Page 2 of 2
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-11-11
CLIENT
3-11-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
30
35
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
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Y

U
N
I
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W
T
p
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S
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B
O
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N
U
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B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
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_
9
9

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B
O
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I
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1
1
GRAVEL PARKING SURFACE
FILL, lean clay, sand, gravel, asphalt
fragments, trace brick fragments, brown
and grayish-brown
LEAN CLAY, with weathered limestone
fragments and layers, trace reddish-brown
iron oxide stains, laminated, moderately
plastic, (RESIDUUM), olive-brown with
very thin bluish-gray layers, very stiff
0.3
15
25
864.4
849.7
839.7
5000*
7000*
8000*
5-3-5
(8)
3-3-3
(6)
3-3-3
(6)
2-2-3
(5)
2-2-3
(5)
3-4-3
(7)
3-7-35
(42)
4-9-18
(27)
6-8-11
(19)
67
100
100
56
100
0
100
100
100
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
24
24
17
CL
CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
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Continued Next Page
Water used below 30.5 ft.
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-29-11
CLIENT
3-29-11
5.0
SAMPLES
W
A
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,

%
5
10
15
20
25
D
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U
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B
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H
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9

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SEVERELY WEATHERED BROWN
SHALE, trace weathered limestone
fragments, olive-brown, soft
SHALE, gray, very soft
moderately fractured throughout
-Shale is medium and dark gray, mostly
calcareous, horizontally bedded and
fractured at weak bedding planes, compact
to fissile, moderately hard to soft, fresh
to hard, fresh with vertical fractures at
41.1-41.8'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
Boring Completed at 45.5 ft.
30
30.1
45.5
RQD=58%
RQD=58%
RQD=46%
834.7
834.6
819.2
26-21-50
(71)
50/1"
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
100
100
100
100
10
11
1
2
3
SS
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
U
N
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ELEVATION REFERENCE
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AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-29-11
CLIENT
3-29-11
5.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
30
35
40
45
D
E
P
T
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,

f
t
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D
R
Y

U
N
I
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T
p
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,

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O
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N
U
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B
E
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B
O
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E
H
O
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_
9
9

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FILL, lean clay, trace sand, brown, stiff
-intermediate sand layer 1-1.3'
LEAN CLAY, with very thin gray limestone
layers, laminated, (RESIDUUM), medium
stiff
SHALE, gray with trace olive-brown
mottles, extremely soft
moderately to heavily fractured throughout
calcareous, horizontally bedded with
fractures at weak bedding planes, compact
to fissile, moderately hard to very soft,
slightly weathered to fresh, with some clay
like layers
-Limestone is light gray and medium gray
with argillaceous zones, moderately hard to
hard, fresh, vertical fracture at 29.5-29.6'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
2.5
5
11
LL=28%
PI=12%
RQD=0%
RQD=46%
Qu=
11,729.3
psf at 14'
RQD=50%
RQD=58%
862.6
860.1
854.1
4000*
3-4-4
(8)
29-25-16
(41)
16-36-57
(93)
76-50/3"
53-50/2"
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
67
100
100
71
80
100
100
100
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
9
9
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
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Continued Next Page
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-10-11
CLIENT
3-10-11
14.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
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T
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N
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,

%
5
10
15
20
25
D
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,

f
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32
RQD=36%
833.1
CORED
100 5 NQ
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
U
N
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L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 2 of 2
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-10-11
CLIENT
3-10-11
14.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
30
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
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Y

U
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I
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W
T
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9
9

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I
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1
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, trace root
matter, trace limestone fragments, brown
LEAN CLAY, trace limestone fragments,
moderately plastic, laminated,
(RESIDUUM), olive-brown, hard
SEVERELY WEATHERED SHALE,
brown, soft, with bluish-gray layers and
very soft gray shale layers
SHALE, mostly gray, with trace olive
brown mottles, extremely soft, with some
clay-like completely weathered layers
-intermediate very thin weathered gray
limestone layers with iron oxide stains
5.5-6.5'
SHALE, gray, soft, fissile
heavily to moderately fractured throughout
-Shale is medium gray, mostly calcareous,
horizontally bedded and fractured at weak
bedding planes, compact to fissile,
moderately hard to very soft, slightly
weathered to fresh with rare clay-like layers
argillaceous zones, moderately hard to
hard, fresh, vertical fracture at 27.8'-28.2'
(possibly mechanical)
SHALE 80% (approx.)
2.5
3.5
5
7.5
9
RQD=55%
Qu=
14333.5
psf at 9.5'
RQD=52%
RQD=30%
Qu=
98,965.4
psf at 18'
RQD=26%
856.6
855.6
854.1
851.6
850.1
2000*
8000*
2-8-11
(19)
12-13
18
9-15-25
(40)
27-74-51
(125)
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
100
100
100
100
80
100
98
100
1
2
2A
3
4
1
2
3
4
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
19
15
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
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Page 1 of 2
Continued Next Page
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-11-11
CLIENT
3-11-11
1.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
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T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
25
D
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U
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B
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_
9
9

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34
RQD=54%
RQD=73%
825.1
CORED
CORED
96
100
5
6
NQ
NQ
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
U
N
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ELEVATION REFERENCE
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Page 2 of 2
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-11-11
CLIENT
3-11-11
1.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
30
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, root matter,
rock fragments, reddish-brown
LEAN CLAY, with trace weathered
limestone fragments, laminated,
(RESIDUUM), olive-gray and
reddish-brown, hard to stiff
-grading to gray at 3'
SHALE, moderately weathered, very soft,
olive-gray with trace reddish-brown iron
oxide stains
heavily to moderately fractured throughout
-Shale is mostly medium gray, mostly
calcareous, horizontally bedded with
fractures at weak bedding planes, compact
slightly weathered grading fresh at 6.5' with
occasional clay-like layers
argillaceous zones, moderately hard to
hard, slightly weathered, grading fresh at
6.5', vertical fractures at 12-12.8' (possibly
mechanical) and 18.5-18.7', 23.5-23.8',
24.8-25', 25.2-25.5', 26.2-26.5'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
0.5
3.5
4.5
LL=31%
PI=14%
RQD=30%
RQD=58%
Qu=
89,573.7
psf at 11'
RQD=30%
RQD=50%
RQD=14%
859.6
856.6
855.6
6000*
3000*
9
15-20
(35)
53-60-60
(120)
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
100
100
90
100
100
98
100
1
1A
2
1
2
3
4
5
SS
SS
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
22
CL
CL
4.5
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 2
Continued Next Page
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-12-11
CLIENT
3-12-11
2.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
25
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
29.5
RQD=70%
830.6
CORED
100 6 NQ
4.5
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
U
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 2 of 2
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-12-11
CLIENT
3-12-11
2.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
TOPSOIL, lean clay, trace plant matter,
dark brown
FILL, lean clay, trace sand and gravel,
dark brown and brown
LEAN CLAY, trace silt, trace weathered
limestone fragments, laminated, trace
reddish-brown iron oxide stains,
(RESIDUUM), olive-brown, very stiff
SHALE, with trace weathered limestone
fragments, gray and olive-gray, moderately
weathered, very soft
0.5
2.5
7.5
9
861.4
859.4
854.4
852.9
4000*
8000*
2
4-5
(9)
12-12-17
(29)
10-12-10
(22)
19-32-69
(101)
100
100
100
100
100
1
1A
2
3
4
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
31
16 CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
LOG OF BORING NO. B4B-1
Al Neyer, LLC
3-12-11
CLIENT
3-12-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
FILL, lean clay, sand, gravel, brick
fragments, dark grayish-brown
LEAN CLAY, trace silt, trace sand,
moderately plastic, trace weathered
limestone fragments, trace black iron
stains, reddish-brown, medium stiff to stiff
LEAN CLAY, trace weathered limestone
fragments, laminated, (RESIDUUM), trace
black iron and trace reddish-brown iron
oxide stains, olive-brown, very stiff to hard
SHALE, gray and trace olive-gray, slightly
weathered, soft
5
11
21
21.5
854.1
848.1
838.1
837.6
5000
1000
4000
3000
6000
7000
2-7-13
(20)
5-4-3
(7)
2-3-3
(6)
2-2-5
(7)
5-5
7
7-14-14
(28)
15-29
50
100
67
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
1
2
3
4
5
5A
6
7
7A
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
13
29
19
CL
CL
CL
CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-12-11
CLIENT
3-12-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
TOPSOIL, lean clay, trace roots, trace
grass, trace organics, dark brown
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, trace gravel
and rock fragments, trace brick fragments,
cinders, brown and dark brown
LEAN CLAY, moderately plastic,
reddish-brown, medium stiff
reddish-brown iron oxide stains, trace
black iron stains, olive brown, stiff
LEAN CLAY, trace iron oxide stains,
laminated, trace weathered limestone
fragments, (RESIDUUM), olive-gray, very
stiff
SHALE, and weathered limestone
fragments, gray with trace olive-gray
mottles, slightly weathered, soft
0.5
5
7.5
15
20
20.8
857.5
853
850.5
843
838
837.2
1000*
2000*
6000*
8000*
8000*
2
8-3
(11)
4-4-4
(8)
2-3-4
(7)
3-8-10
(18)
18-13-11
(24)
20-11-18
(29)
63-50/3"
100
100
100
100
100
67
100
63
1
1A
2
3
4
5
6
7
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
20
34
CL
CL
CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-12-11
CLIENT
3-12-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, trace gravel,
trace root matter, brown
-intermediate thin limestone floater at 2.5
ft.
LEAN CLAY, trace silt, trace
reddish-brown iron oxide stains, laminated,
(RESIDUUM), olive-brown and olive-gray
layers, very stiff
SHALE, gray, soft
5
10
11.5
LL=39%
PI=18%
853.8
848.8
847.3
5000*
8000*
8000*
3-9-10
(19)
8-10-7
(17)
7-9-15
(24)
7-9-16
(25)
33-40-56
(96)
67
33
100
100
67
1
2
3
4
5
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
26
19 CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-12-11
CLIENT
3-12-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
TOPSOIL, lean clay, trace plant matter,
dark brown
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, trace rock
fragments, cinders, dark brown and brown
LEAN CLAY, trace silt, trace weathered
limestone fragments, trace reddish-brown
iron oxide stains, olive-brown and
olive-gray layers
SHALE, gray with trace olive-gray, slightly
weathered, soft
0.5
6
15
15.5
861.7
856.2
847.2
846.7
2000*
2000*
8000*
8000*
2
7-2
(9)
2-6-4
(10)
3-7
25
7-11-12
(23)
5-7-19
(26)
100
100
100
33
100
100
100
100
100
1
1A
2
3
3A
4
5
6
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
11
18
9
CL
CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-12-11
CLIENT
3-12-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, trace root
matter, dark brown
LEAN CLAY, with limestone fragments,
hard
SHALE, very soft, mostly gray, weathered
limestone fragments
2.5
5
5.9
LL=27%
PI=12%
864.4
861.9
861
6000*
3-7-8
(15)
53-33-33
(66)
27-100/4"
100
100
50
1
2
3
SS
SS
SS
12
9
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-11-11
CLIENT
3-11-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
FILL, lean clay, trace rock fragments,
sand, trace plant matter, cinders, brick
fragments
-intermediate sand layer at 1-1.5'
fragments, laminated, (RESIDUUM),
olive-gray and brownish-gray, hard
SHALE, mostly gray, very soft
moderately to highly fractured throughout
slightly weathered to fresh with some
clay-like layers
to hard, fresh with vertical fractures at
10.7-10.8', 11.7-11.8', 16-16.1', 23.6-23.7'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
5
6
9
RQD=44%
RQD=60%
RQD=54%
Qu=
42,333.9
psf at 18.9'
RQD=46%
RQD=78%
RQD=26%
859.6
858.6
855.6
2000
2-2-3
(5)
3-4-7
(11)
35-48-60
(108)
66-100
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
100
100
100
89
100
100
100
100
100
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
SS
SS
SS
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
12
6
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Track
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
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DESCRIPTION
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Continued Next Page
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-28-11
CLIENT
3-28-11
5.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
25
30
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
34.9 829.7
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Track
U
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
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LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
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L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 2 of 2
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-28-11
CLIENT
3-28-11
5.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
TOPSOIL, trace sand, trace plant matter,
trace organic, dark brown
FILL, lean clay, limestone fragments,
grayish-brown
olive-gray, hard
SHALE, with trace limestone layers,
moderately weathered, olive gray, soft
calcareous, horizontally bedded, and
slightly weathered to mostly fresh with
some clay-like layers
to hard, slightly weathered to fresh with
vertical fractures at 18.8-19.0' (iron oxide
stains), 22.1-22.3', 24.6-24.7'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
0.5
1
2.5
5
30
RQD=8%
RQD=38%
RQD=30%
RQD=36%
RQD=92%
863
862.5
861
858.5
833.5
3000*
3000*
3
17
29
51-100
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
98
1
1A
1B
2
1
2
3
4
5
SS
SS
SS
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
11
6
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Track
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
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LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
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A
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-28-11
CLIENT
3-28-11
5.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
25
30
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, limestone
fragments, brick fragments, brown and
grayish-brown
slightly weathered to mostly fresh with
some clay-like layers
vertical fractures at 11.9-12.1', 16.1-16.2',
20.8-20.9', 24.3-24.5'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
3.5
5
30
RQD=32%
Qu=
51,394.1
psf at 8.5'
RQD=36%
RQD=38%
RQD=42%
RQD=46%
859.4
857.9
832.9
2000*
2-2-4
(6)
5-7-50
(57)
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
100
90
100
100
100
100
1
2
1
2
3
4
5
SS
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
NQ
22
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Track
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
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A
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-28-11
CLIENT
3-25-11
3.5
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
25
30
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
TOPSOIL, lean clay, trace sand, trace
plant matter, dark brown
FILL, lean clay, trace gravel and rock
fragments, trace brick fragments, brown
and grayish-brown
FILL, lean clay, moderately plastic
reddish-brown to olive brown
-brick fragments at 11'
-petroleum odor at 12.5'
FILL, lean clay and silt, blackish-gray
-thin limestone floater at 15.5'
FILL, fat clay, trace sand, bluish-gray and
olive-gray
LEAN CLAY, moderately plastic, trace
weathered limestone fragments, laminated,
trace reddish-brown iron oxide stains,
reddish-brown and olive brown with trace
bluish-gray mottles, very stiff
0.5
5
13.5
18.5
20
LL=29%
PI=14%
856.2
851.7
843.2
838.2
836.7
4000*
2000*
1000*
1000*
500
1000*
2000*
7000*
2
3-4
(7)
4-4-6
(10)
3-4-3
(7)
2-1-2
(3)
2-2-2
(4)
1-1
2
1-2-2
(4)
1-1
4
3-6-7
(13)
15-25-18
(43)
50/1"
100
100
100
56
67
67
100
100
33
100
100
100
100
100
1
1A
2
3
4
5
6
6A
7
8
8A
9
10
11
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
15
28
23
20
12
CL
CL
CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Track
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
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A
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I
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Page 1 of 2
Continued Next Page
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-30-11
CLIENT
3-30-11
12.8
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
25
30
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
SHALE, gray, soft
slightly weathered to fresh with some
clay-like layers
vertical fractures at 35.9 - 36.0'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
35
35.5
50.5
Qu=
67,541.4
psf at 41.5'
821.7
821.2
806.2
50/4"
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
98
100
96
12
1
2
3
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Track
U
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
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A
P
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I
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L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 2 of 2
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-30-11
CLIENT
3-30-11
12.8
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
35
40
45
50
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
leave litter, trace roots, dark brown
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, limestone
fragments, trace cinders, brick fragments,
brown, intermediate sand layers at 1-1.5',
and 2.5-3'
LEAN CLAY, moderately plastic, trace
weathered limestone fragments, trace
reddish-brown iron oxide stains, trace
grayish-blue mottles, (RESIDUUM), olive
brown, very stiff to hard
-grading olive-gray at 13.5'
SHALE, mostly gray, very soft
0.5
6
20
20.5
RQD=46%
RQD=32%
RQD=42%
858.8
853.3
839.3
838.8
2000*
5000*
6000*
8000*
8000*
9000*
7000*
2
2-3
(5)
3-3-2
(5)
9-9
17
6-12-10
(22)
11-15-16
(31)
9-9-21
(30)
10-14-22
(36)
10-17-14
(31)
50/4"
CORED
CORED
CORED
100
100
67
67
67
100
56
100
100
100
100
90
100
100
1
1A
2
3
3A
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
NQ
NQ
NQ
28
28
20
7
CL
CL
CL
CL
CL
CL
18.5
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Track
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
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I
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Page 1 of 2
Continued Next Page
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-29-11
CLIENT
3-29-11
30.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
25
30
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
MEDIUM GRAINED LIMESTONE, highly
fractured throughout
fractured at weak bedding planes,
moderately hard to very soft, slightly
weathered to fresh with some clay-like
layers
vertical fractures at 28.6-23.7' (iron oxide
stains), 28.8-29.0', 31.4-31.5', 32.0-32.5',
33.4-33.6', 34.6-34.7'
SHALE 80% (approx.)
35.5 823.8
18.5
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Track
U
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
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I
C

L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 2 of 2
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-29-11
CLIENT
3-29-11
30.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
35
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
TOPSOIL, lean clay, trace sand, grass,
leaf litter, root matter, trace organics, dark
brown
FILL, lean clay, trace silt, sand, limestone
fragments, grayish-dark brown
fragments, olive brown grading to olive
gray, hard
SHALE AND LIMESTONE, trace olive
gray, mostly gray, very soft
0.5
1
2.5
5.3
861.1
860.6
859.1
856.3
2000*
8000*
1
1-17
(18)
27-56-50/3"
100/3"
100
100
83
100
1
1A
2
3
SS
SS
SS
SS
9 CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-25-11
CLIENT
3-25-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
plant matter, trace cinders, trace brick
fragments, dark brown
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, gravel, rock
fragments, grayish-brown
-intermediate thin limestone floaters at
3.5-4' and 5.1-5.6'
and weathered shale, (RESIDUUM), trace
reddish-brown iron oxide stains, laminated,
olive-brown and olive-gray layers, hard
0.5
7.5
10
10.8
LL=28%
PI=12%
860.3
853.3
850.8
850
9000*
3
4-6
(10)
5-7-33
(40)
3-50/1"
11-17-30
(47)
44-50/3"
100
100
67
83
100
100
1
1A
2
3
4
5
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
14
17
18 CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-25-11
CLIENT
3-25-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
FLOOR TILE
FILL, clayey sand and gravel, brown
FILL, lean clay, trace silt, sand, and
gravel, trace root matter, olive-brown and
reddish-brown
LEAN CLAY, trace sand and weathered
limestone fragments, moderately plastic,
olive-brown and reddish-brown, grading
olive-brown at 5-6.5', very stiff
fragments, laminated, moderately plastic,
(RESIDUUM), trace reddish-brown iron
oxide stains, olive-brown, very stiff
LEAN CLAY, trace weathered limestone,
(RESIDUUM), mostly gray with trace
olive-gray, hard
SHALE, trace weathered limestone,
mostly gray, very soft
0.3
0.6
2.5
6
12.5
13.5
16.5
LL=36%
PI=16%
860.6
860.3
858.4
854.9
848.4
847.4
844.4
3000*
8000*
8000*
8000*
8000*
5000*
3
3-5
(8)
7-8-10
(18)
5-8
13
2-4-6
(10)
5-10-15
(25)
24-39
50
33-70-40
(110)
67
67
100
72
72
89
33
67
67
100
1
1A
2
3
3A
4
5
6
6A
7
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
18
21
9
CL
CL
CL
CL
CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-25-11
CLIENT
3-25-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
ASPHALT
FILL, lean clay, sand and gravel, trace
brick fragments, brown
LEAN CLAY, trace sand, trace weathered
limestone fragments, olive-brown, hard
-intermediate thin limestone layer at 3.5-4'
LEAN CLAY, trace sand, trace weathered
limestone fragments, laminated,
(RESIDUUM), olive-brown and olive-gray
layers, hard
SHALE, mostly gray, trace weathered
limestone fragments, trace iron oxide
stains, soft to very soft
0.2
0.8
5
7.5
9
LL=27%
PI=12%
859.7
859.1
854.9
852.4
850.9
8000*
13
12-15
(27)
31-65-100
(165)
17-54-40
(94)
29-30-80
(110)
89
89
100
100
100
1
1A
2
3
4
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
8
10
CL
CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-25-11
CLIENT
3-25-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
ASPHALT
FILL, lean clay, sand, gravel, brown
reddish-brown and olive-gray layers, hard
0.3
2.5
5
5.3
860.8
858.6
856.1
855.8
13-12-15
(27)
40-50-50/0"
100/3"
100
100
100
1
2
3
SS
SS
SS
8 CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-25-11
CLIENT
3-25-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
plant matter, trace organics, brown and
dark brown
FILL, lean clay, sand, gravel, limestone
fragments, brick fragments, brown
-intermediate petroleum odor at 5-5.5'
mostly gray with trace olive-gray, hard
0.5
5.5
6.5
861.1
856.1
855.1
2000*
2000*
2
3-4
(7)
4-4-4
(8)
33-33-50
(83)
100
100
89
100
1
1A
2
3
SS
SS
SS
SS
13
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-24-11
CLIENT
3-24-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
TOPSOIL, lean clay, trace sand,
moderately plastic, trace plant matter, trace
organics
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, trace gravel,
trace roots, trace brick, moderately plastic,
dark brown to gray
mostly gray with trace olive-gray, hard
0.5
5
6
6.5
LL=32%
PI=15%
860.4
855.9
854.9
854.4
1500*
2000*
2000
1
2-4
(6)
3-5-5
(10)
21-95
50
100
100
100
100
100
1
1A
2
3
3A
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
17
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-24-11
CLIENT
3-24-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
plant matter, trace organics, dark brown
FILL, lean clay, trace sand, trace
limestone fragments, trace brick fragments
and cinders, brownish-gray
-intermediate moderately plastic lean dark
brown clay layer at 3-4'
LEAN CLAY, trace fine sand, moderately
plastic, trace black iron and reddish-brown
iron oxide stains, reddish-brown, stiff
reddish-brown iron oxide stains,
olive-brown, very stiff
-intermediate moderately plastic layer at
15-16.5'
-grading olive-brown and gray at 17.5-18'
SHALE, trace weathered limestone
fragments, mostly gray, very soft
0.5
5
7.5
18
20.8
861.6
857.1
854.6
844.1
841.3
2000*
4000*
7000*
8000*
6000*
8000*
1
3-4
(7)
4-4-4
(8)
3-6-7
(13)
3-5-12
(17)
8-8-12
(20)
9-9-9
(18)
7-15-30
(45)
41
100-50/0"
43-100/3"
100
100
100
100
67
100
100
67
100
100
100
1
1A
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8A
9
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
19
23
19
18
CL
CL
CL
CL
CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
ATV
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JJ
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-25-11
CLIENT
3-25-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
10
15
20
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
TOPSOIL, silty clay, grass, trace roots,
dark brown
FILL, sand and gravel, fine to coarse,
trace silt, light gray
FILL, lean clay, with coarse sand, brick,
asphalt, wood, metal, brown
SHALE, with limestone interbeds, brown,
soft
Test Pit Completed at 5 ft.
0.5
1.5
4
5
862.3
861.3
858.8
857.8
4000*
3000*
9000*
1
2
3
4
5
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
Test Pits excavated by Kelchner Excavating.
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
Boring Location: As Shown on Test Pit Location Plan
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
LOG OF TEST PIT NO. TP-1
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
dark brown
trace silt, coarse gravel and asphalt
fragments, light gray
SHALE, with limestone interbeds, brown,
soft
Test Pit Completed at 2.5 ft.
0.5
2
2.5
863.5
862
861.5
9000*
1
2
3
SS
SS
SS
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
t
.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
c
f
T
Y
P
E
R
E
C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

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5
/
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1
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dark brown
FILL, clay and variable rubble with bricks,
asphalt, concrete, wood, metal, plastic,
gravel, and rock fragments, brown and
gray
-6" thick basement slab at 7 ft. below
ground. Large concrete steps and
concrete fragments were above the slab.
SHALE, with limestone interbeds, brown
and gray, soft
NOTE: Encountered a concrete basement
slab approximately 6" thick with tile at 7.0
ft. below ground elevation. Bedrock was
encountered below the basement slab.
0.5
7.5
8
860.5
853.5
853
2000*
2000*
8000*
1
2
3
SS
SS
SS
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
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JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
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L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
LOG OF TEST PIT NO. TP-3A
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
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.
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U
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I
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W
T
p
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,

%
B
L
O
W
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/

6
i
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.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
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_
9
9

T
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T

B
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I
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P
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R
A
C
O
N

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D
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5
/
3
1
/
1
1
dark brown
FILL, lean clay, trace fine sand, brown
SHALE, with limestone interbeds, gray,
soft
0.5
1
2
859.7
859.2
858.2
3000*
9000*
1
2
SS
SS
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
LOG OF TEST PIT NO. TP-4A
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
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T

W
T
p
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C
O
V
E
R
Y
,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
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S
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G
P
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T
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R
A
C
O
N

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S
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D
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5
/
3
1
/
1
1
dark brown
trace asphalt, silt and clay, brown
FILL, gravel, fine to medium, trace plastic,
PVC pipe fragments and concrete
fragments, brown
NOTE: Groundwater was encountered at
4.0 ft. below ground surface. Natural soil
or bedrock was not encountered.
0.5
4
8
860.5
857
853
1
2
3
SS
SS
SS
4.0
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
3.0
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
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.
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W
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p
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,

%
B
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O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
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S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

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S
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D
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5
/
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1
/
1
1
dark brown
FILL, sand and gravel, fine to coarse with
some asphalt and brick fragments, light
gray
FILL, lean clay with asphalt and brick
fragments, light brown
-Concrete foundation from 2.0 to 6.0 ft.
below ground elevation.
LEAN CLAY, (RESIDUUM), light brown,
stiff to very stiff
LIMESTONE, and brown soft shale
interbeds, light gray
0.5
2
6
7.5
8
859.2
857.7
853.7
852.2
851.7
3000*
4000*
1
2
3
4
SS
SS
SS
SS CL
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
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.
D
R
Y

U
N
I
T

W
T
p
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P
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C
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V
E
R
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,

%
B
L
O
W
S

/

6
i
n
.
(
S
P
T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
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S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
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S
.
G
P
J

T
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R
R
A
C
O
N

T
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S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
dark brown
FILL, sand and gravel, fine to coarse with
trace asphalt, steel, brick, and concrete
fragments, light gray
FILL, variable rubble with concrete,
bricks, asphalt, steel, wood, trace sandy
clay
-Concrete pieces up to 10" thick 2.5' x 2.5'
SHALE, with limestone interbeds, highly
weathered, light brown, soft
NOTE: Encountered broken concrete
slabs from 2.5 ft. below ground elevation.
Slabs were 10" thick.
0.5
2
6
7
862.8
861.3
857.3
856.3
8000*
1
2
SS
SS
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
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JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
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A
P
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I
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L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
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U
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I
T

W
T
p
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6
i
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.
(
S
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-

N
)
U
S
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S
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B
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N
U
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B
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B
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H
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_
9
9

T
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S
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B
O
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I
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G

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O
N

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D
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5
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1
1
TOPSOIL, silty clay, grass, trace roots
and fine gravel, dark brown
FILL, lean clay, with trace sand, brick,
rock fragments and metal, brown
SHALE, with limestone interbeds, light
brown, soft
NOTE: Encountered a concrete foundation
from 1.5 to 5.0 ft. below ground elevation.
0.5
5
6
865
860.5
859.5
3000*
5000*
9000*
1
2
3
4
SS
SS
SS
SS
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
H
,

p
s
f
JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
H
I
C

L
O
G
DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
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D
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Y

U
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I
T

W
T
p
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,

%
B
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S

/

6
i
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.
(
S
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T

-

N
)
U
S
C
S

S
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B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
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S
.
G
P
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T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
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S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
dark brown
FILL, clay and variable rubble with bricks,
asphalt, wood, metal, gravel and rock
fragments, brown and gray
SHALE, with limestone interbeds, highly
weathered, light brown, soft
NOTE: Some bricks appeared to be laid
in-place, while others in rubble.
0.5
7.5
8
865.4
858.4
857.9
9000*
1
2
3
SS
SS
SS
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
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,

p
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JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
R
A
P
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I
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L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
LOG OF BORING NO. TP-9
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
5
D
E
P
T
H
,

f
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U
N
I
T

W
T
p
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,

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S

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6
i
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.
(
S
P
T

-

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)
U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
E
S
T

B
O
R
I
N
G

L
O
G
S
.
G
P
J

T
E
R
R
A
C
O
N

T
E
S
T
.
G
D
T

5
/
3
1
/
1
1
dark brown
FILL, sand and gravel, fine to coarse, light
gray
FILL, clay, with trace asphalt, plastic and
brick fragments, gray
LIMESTONE, light gray, hard
0.5
2
4
4.5
862.1
860.6
858.6
858.1
5000*
1
2
3
SS
SS
SS
N/E
WD
WL
WL
WL
BORING COMPLETED
SITE
BORING STARTED
JOB #
Calhoun St.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cat 321D
N
C
O
N
F
I
N
E
D
S
T
R
E
N
G
T
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,

p
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JLW
LOGGED JLW N1115051
ELEVATION REFERENCE
G
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A
P
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L
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DESCRIPTION
Page 1 of 1
AB
PROJECT
TESTS
FOREMAN RIG
Al Neyer, LLC
3-14-11
CLIENT
3-14-11
N/E
SAMPLES
W
A
T
E
R
C
O
N
T
E
N
T
,

%
D
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P
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,

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Y

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T

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,

%
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S

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6
i
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.
(
S
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T

-

N
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U
S
C
S

S
Y
M
B
O
L
N
U
M
B
E
R
B
O
R
E
H
O
L
E
_
9
9

T
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B
O
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I
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1
1

APPENDIX B
LABORATORY TESTING


Laboratory Testing
Selected soil samples from the test borings were tested in the laboratory to measure natural
water content and Atterberg Limits. A calibrated hand penetrometer was used to estimate the
approximate unconfined compressive strength of some samples. The calibrated hand
penetrometer has been correlated with unconfined compression tests and provides a better
estimate of soil consistency than visual examination alone. Laboratory tests on select rock core
samples included natural moisture contents and unconfined compressive strength. The soil and
bedrock test results are provided on the boring logs and the Summary of Geotechnical Data
drawings (Exhibits A-6A and A-6B) included in Appendix A.

Descriptive classifications of the soils and bedrock indicated on the boring logs are in
accordance with the General Notes, Unified Soil Classification System, and Description of Rock
Properties in Appendix C. Also shown are estimated Unified Soil Classification Symbols. A
brief description of this classification system is in Appendix C of this report. All classification
was by visual-manual procedures. Selected soil samples were further classified using the
results of Atterberg Limits testing.

Exhibit B-1

APPENDIX C
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS

Exhibit C-1

GENERAL NOTES
DRILLING & SAMPLING SYMBOLS:
SS: Split Spoon - 1-
3
/8" I.D., 2" O.D., unless otherwise noted HS: Hollow Stem Auger
ST: Thin-Walled Tube 2 O.D., 3" O.D., unless otherwise noted PA: Power Auger (Solid Stem)
RS: Ring Sampler - 2.42" I.D., 3" O.D., unless otherwise noted HA: Hand Auger
DB: Diamond Bit Coring - 4", N, B RB: Rock Bit
BS: Bulk Sample or Auger Sample WB Wash Boring or Mud Rotary
The number of blows required to advance a standard 2-inch O.D. split-spoon sampler (SS) the last 12 inches of the total 18-inch
penetration with a 140-pound hammer falling 30 inches is considered the Standard Penetration or N-value.
WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENT SYMBOLS:
WL: Water Level WS: While Sampling BCR: Before Casing Removal
WCI: Wet Cave in WD: While Drilling ACR: After Casing Removal
DCI: Dry Cave in AB: After Boring N/E: Not Encountered
Water levels indicated on the boring logs are the levels measured in the borings at the times indicated. Groundwater levels at other
times and other locations across the site could vary. In pervious soils, the indicated levels may reflect the location of groundwater. In
low permeability soils, the accurate determination of groundwater levels may not be possible with only short-term observations.

DESCRIPTIVE SOIL CLASSIFICATION: Soil classification is based on the Unified Soil Classification System. Coarse Grained Soils
have more than 50% of their dry weight retained on a #200 sieve; their principal descriptors are: boulders, cobbles, gravel or sand.
Fine Grained Soils have less than 50% of their dry weight retained on a #200 sieve; they are principally described as clays i f they are
plastic, and silts if they are slightly plastic or non-plastic. Major constituents may be added as modifiers and minor constituents may
be added according to the relative proportions based on grain size. In addition to gradation, coarse-grained soils are defined on the
basis of their in-place relative density and fine-grained soils on the basis of their consistency.
CONSISTENCY OF FINE-GRAINED SOILS RELATIVE DENSITY OF COARSE-GRAINED SOILS
Unconfined
Compressive
Strength, Qu, psf
Standard Penetration
or N-value (SS)
Blows/Ft.
Consistency
Standard Penetration
or N-value (SS)
Blows/Ft.
Relative Density
< 500 0 - 1 Very Soft 0 3 Very Loose
500 1,000 2 - 4 Soft 4 9 Loose
1,000 2,000 4 - 8 Medium Stiff 10 29 Medium Dense
2,000 4,000 8 - 15 Stiff 30 50 Dense
4,000 8,000 15 - 30 Very Stiff > 50 Very Dense
8,000+ > 30 Hard
RELATIVE PROPORTIONS OF SAND AND GRAVEL GRAIN SIZE TERMINOLOGY
Descriptive Term(s)
of other constituents
Percent of
Dry Weight
Major Component
of Sample
Particle Size
Trace < 15 Boulders Over 12 in. (300mm)
With 15 29 Cobbles 12 in. to 3 in. (300mm to 75mm)
Modifier 30 Gravel 3 in. to #4 sieve (75mm to 4.75mm)
Sand #4 to #200 sieve (4.75 to 0.075mm)
Silt or Clay Passing #200 Sieve (0.075mm)
RELATIVE PROPORTIONS OF FINES PLASTICITY DESCRIPTION
Descriptive Term(s)
of other constituents
Percent of
Dry Weight
Term
Plasticity
Index

Trace < 5 Non-plastic 0
With 5 12 Low 1-10
Modifier > 12 Medium 11-30
High > 30

Exhibit C-2

UNIFIED SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
Criteria for Assigning Group Symbols and Group Names Using Laboratory Tests
A

Soil Classification
Group
Symbol
Group Name
B

Coarse Grained Soils:
More than 50% retained
on No. 200 sieve
Gravels:
More than 50% of
coarse
fraction retained on
No. 4 sieve
Clean Gravels:
Less than 5% fines
C

Cu 4 and 1 Cc 3
E
GW Well-graded gravel
F

Cu 4 and/or 1 Cc 3
E
GP Poorly graded gravel
F

Gravels with Fines:
More than 12% fines
C

Fines classify as ML or MH GM Silty gravel
F,G, H

Fines classify as CL or CH GC Clayey gravel
F,G,H

Sands:
50% or more of coarse
fraction passes
No. 4 sieve
Clean Sands:
Less than 5% fines
D

Cu 6 and 1 Cc 3
E
SW Well-graded sand
I

Cu 6 and/or 1 Cc 3
E
SP Poorly graded sand
I

Sands with Fines:
More than 12% fines
D

Fines classify as ML or MH SM Silty sand
G,H,I

Fines Classify as CL or CH SC Clayey sand
G,H,I

Fine-Grained Soils:
50% or more passes the
No. 200 sieve
Silts and Clays:
Liquid limit less than 50
Inorganic:
PI 7 and plots on or above A line
J
CL Lean clay
K,L,M

PI 4 or plots below A line
J
ML Silt
K,L,M

Organic:
Liquid limit - oven dried
0.75 OL
Organic clay
K,L,M,N

Liquid limit - not dried Organic silt
K,L,M,O

Silts and Clays:
Liquid limit 50 or more
Inorganic:
PI plots on or above A line CH Fat clay
K,L,M

PI plots below A line MH Elastic Silt
K,L,M

Organic:
Liquid limit - oven dried
0.75 OH
Organic clay
K,L,M,P

Liquid limit - not dried Organic silt
K,L,M,Q

Highly organic soils: Primarily organic matter, dark in color, and organic odor PT Peat

A
Based on the material passing the 3-in. (75-mm) sieve
B
If field sample contained cobbles or boulders, or both, add with cobbles
or boulders, or both to group name.
C
Gravels with 5 to 12% fines require dual symbols: GW-GM well-graded
gravel with silt, GW-GC well-graded gravel with clay, GP-GM poorly
graded gravel with silt, GP-GC poorly graded gravel with clay.
D
Sands with 5 to 12% fines require dual symbols: SW-SM well-graded
sand with silt, SW-SC well-graded sand with clay, SP-SM poorly graded
sand with silt, SP-SC poorly graded sand with clay
E
Cu = D60/D10 Cc =
60 10
2
30
D x D
) (D

F
If soil contains 15% sand, add with sand to group name.
G
If fines classify as CL-ML, use dual symbol GC-GM, or SC-SM.

H
If fines are organic, add with organic fines to group name.
I
If soil contains 15% gravel, add with gravel to group name.
J
If Atterberg limits plot in shaded area, soil is a CL-ML, silty clay.
K
If soil contains 15 to 29% plus No. 200, add with sand or with
gravel, whichever is predominant.
L
If soil contains 30% plus No. 200 predominantly sand, add sandy
to group name.
M
If soil contains 30% plus No. 200, predominantly gravel, add
gravelly to group name.
N
PI 4 and plots on or above A line.
O
PI 4 or plots below A line.
P
PI plots on or above A line.
Q
PI plots below A line.

Exhibit C-3

GENERAL NOTES
Description of Rock Properties
WEATHERING
Fresh Rock fresh, crystals bright, few joints may show slight staining. Rock rings under hammer if crystalline.
Very slight Rock generally fresh, joints stained, some joints may show thin clay coatings, crystals in broken face show
bright. Rock rings under hammer if crystalline.
Slight Rock Generally fresh, joints stained, and discoloration extends into rock up to 1 in. Joints may contain clay. In granitoid
rocks some occasional feldspar crystals are dull and discolored. Crystalline rocks ring under hammer.
Moderate Significant portions of rock show discoloration and weathering effects. In granitoid rocks, most feldspars are dull
and discolored; some show clayey. Rock has dull sound under hammer and shows significant loss of strength as
compared with fresh rock.
Moderately severe All rock except quartz discolored or stained. In granitoid rocks, all feldspars dull and discolored and majority
show kaolinization. Rock shows severe loss of strength and can be excavated with geologists pick.
Severe All rock except quartz discolored or stained. Rock fabric clear and evident, but reduced in strength to strong
soil. In granitoid rocks, all feldspars kaolinized to some extent. Some fragments of strong rock usually left.
Very severe All rock except quartz discolored or stained. Rock fabric discernible, but mass effectively reduced to soil with
only fragments of strong rock remaining.
Complete Rock reduced to soil. Rock fabric not discernible or discernible only in small, scattered locations. Quartz may
be present as dikes or stringers.
HARDNESS (for engineering description of rock not to be confused with Mohs scale for minerals)
Very hard Cannot be scratched with knife or sharp pick. Breaking of hand specimens requires several hard blows of
geologists pick.
Hard Can be scratched with knife or pick only with difficulty. Hard blow of hammer required to detach hand specimen.
Moderately hard Can be scratched with knife or pick. Gouges or grooves to in. deep can be excavated by hard blow of point of
a geologists pick. Hand specimens can be detached by moderate blow.
Medium Can be grooved or gouged 1/16 in. deep by firm pressure on knife or pick point. Can be excavated in small chips
to pieces about 1-in. maximum size by hard blows of the point of a geologists pick.
Soft Can be gouged or grooved readily with knife or pick point. Can be excavated in chips to pieces several inches in
size by moderate blows of a pick point. Small thin pieces can be broken by finger pressure.
Very soft Can be carved with knife. Can be excavated readily with point of pick. Pieces 1-in. or more in thickness can be
broken with finger pressure. Can be scratched readily by fingernail.
Joint, Bedding and Foliation Spacing in Rock
a

Spacing Joints Bedding/Foliation
Less than 2 in. Very close Very thin
2 in. 1 ft. Close Thin
1 ft. 3 ft. Moderately close Medium
3 ft. 10 ft. Wide Thick
More than 10 ft. Very wide Very thick
Rock Quality Designator (RQD)
b
Joint Openness Descriptors
RQD, as a percentage Diagnostic description Openness Descriptor
Exceeding 90 Excellent No Visible Separation Tight
90 75 Good Less than 1/32 in. Slightly Open
75 50 Fair 1/32 to 1/8 in. Moderately Open
50 25 Poor 1/8 to 3/8 in. Open
Less than 25 Very poor 3/8 in. to 0.1 ft. Moderately Wide
Greater than 0.1 ft. Wide
a. Spacing refers to the distance normal to the planes, of the described feature, which are parallel to each other or nearly so.
b. RQD (given as a percentage) = length of core in pieces 4 in. and longer/length of run.
References: American Society of Civil Engineers. Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice - No. 56. Subsurface Investigation for Design and
Construction of Foundations of Buildings. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1976.
U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering Geology Field Manual.

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