GWD

input acceptable level, communication level, accurate level , fluent level and proficient level, accurate level GRE, GMAT GRE, GMAT 1. GRE 2.ETS 10 3., , 4. argument[]proposition[]description [] 5. 6 GRE, GMAT GRE, GMAT GRE GRE

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 1. 2. 3. 4. GRE, GMAT 15 GRE,GMAT internalize GRE,GMAT GRE,GMAT a piece of cake

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1. 2. // 1That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of (that descendants an individual will have) and hence that sex ratio which maximizes the number of gene copies (transmitted).

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 a. That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted will be favored. That sex ratio which will be favored b. which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have an individual will have descendants descendants have that the number of that sex ratio which maximizesand hence (2) A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower. This is a desire (to throw /over reality/ a light) that never was might give way abruptly to the desire (on the part of what we might consider a novelist scientist to record /exactly and concretely/ the structure and texture of a flower). // a. this is a b. desire to throw /over reality/ a light lightover reality c. never that might never be given way, was given might give d. 3 Reform in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors, a piece of the action, as it were, for the disenfranchised.

Reform in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change /except
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through the extension of this metaphor of a race/, except through wider inclusion of competitors/, except through providing a piece of the action, as it were, for the disenfranchised/. //// / it can imagine no change it can imagine no change, except through The only change the Reform can imagine is through except through 4Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission ofand so was crucial in sustainingthe Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission ofand so was crucial in sustainingthe Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression/ from one generation to another/, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences . Gutman / / that the transmission of the Black heritage and so Black heritage 5The physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed, whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions. physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an argument that is convincing The /only if it is precise/ loses all its force /if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed/, whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable/ under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions. //
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// / / whereas whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise whereas the physicist since since an argument that only if it is precise since if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed, assumptions on which it is based GRE&GMAT 3. 2 1 N N N 2 3 4 N N 5.
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1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4.
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 5 3 1. GRE GMAT 2. 3. 4. 5.
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.
1. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. That sex ratio will be favored / which maximizes the number of descendants / an individual will have / and hence the number of gene copies transmitted 1. A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower. A desire to throw over reality a light /that never was might give way abruptly to the desire /on the part of what we might consider a novelist scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower
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 1. Reform in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors, a piece of the action, as it were, for the disenfranchised. Reform in America/ has been sterile /because it can imagine no change/ except through the extension of this metaphor of a race,/ wider inclusion of competitors,/ a piece of the action, as it were,/ for the disenfranchised. /// //// 1. (1).

(2).
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 (1). let make send call think guess believe (2). Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission ofand so was crucial in sustainingthe Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission ofand so was crucial in sustainingthe Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. Gutman

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1 2/ 3 01. The airline industry is cutting its lowest discount fares more widely, more substantially, and earlier this year than it normally does at the end of the summer, a time when travel usually decreases and the industry uses some lower fares to attract passengers. 02. The airline industry/ is cutting its lowest discount fares/ more widely, more substantially, and earlier this year than it normally does at the end of the summer/, a time/ when travel usually decreases/ and the industry/ uses some lower fares/ to attract passengers. // //// 002.The aristocratic values expressed in the writings of Marguerite Yourcenar place her within the French classical tradition, as does her passionate interest in history, particularly Roman history.
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The aristocratic values/ expressed in the writings of Marguerite Yourcenar/ place her within the French classical tradition/, as does her passionate interest/ in history, particularly Roman history. / Marguerite Yourcenar / / as does 003. Because paper of all kinds is the biggest single component of municipal trash, many municipalities have tried recycling to reduce the cost of trash disposal. Because paper of all kinds/ is the biggest single component of municipal trash/, many municipalities/ have tried recycling/ to reduce the cost of trash disposal. / 003.Migraine, the most debilitating common form of headache, afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans, who collectively lose 64 million workdays year and thus cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lostwork time. Migraine/, the most debilitating common form of headache/, afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans/, who collectively lose 64 million workdays year/ and thus cost the nation $50 billion/ in medical expenses and lostwork time. Migraine// 1800 / 6400 / 500 / Migraine 005. Like many others of his generation of Native American leaders, Joseph Brant lived in two worlds; born into an Iroquois community and instructed in traditional Iroquois ways, he also received an education from English-speaking teachers. Like many others of his generation of Native American leaders/, Joseph Brant/ lived
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in two worlds/; born into an Iroquois community and instructed in traditional Iroquois ways/, he also received an education from English-speaking teachers. /Joseph Brant/ / Iroquois Iroquois / 006. Sales of United States manufactured goods to nonindustrialized countries rose to $167 billion in 1992, an amount that is 14 percent higher than the previous years figure and largely offsets weak demand from Europe and Japan. Sales of United States manufactured goods/ to nonindustrialized countries/ rose to $167 billion in 1992/, an amount/ that is 14 percent higher than the previous years figure/ and largely offsets weak demand /from Europe and Japan. // 1670 1992 / / 14%// 007.All-terrain vehicles have allowed vacationers to reach many previously inaccessible areas, but they have also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as doing serious damage to the nations recreational areas. All-terrain vehicles/ have allowed vacationers to reach many previously inaccessible areas/, but they have also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths and thousands of injuries/, as well as doing serious damage/ to the nations recreational areas. / // 008.Growing confidence in their ability to make profitable investments in the United States has led foreign investors to move from passive involvement in commercial real estate partnerships to active development of their own increasingly ambitious projects.

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Growing confidence/ in their ability to make profitable investments in the United States/ has led foreign investors to move/ from passive involvement in commercial real estate partnerships/ to active development of their own increasingly ambitious projects. /// / 009. The company is negotiating to sell its profitable credit card subsidiary and plans to use money from that sale to acquire some of the mortgage-servicing operations that are being sold by troubled savings institutions. The company/ is negotiating/ to sell its profitable credit card subsidiary/ and plans to use money from that sale/ to acquire some of the mortgage-servicing operations/ that are being sold by troubled savings institutions. /// / subsidiary mortgage-servicing operations savings institutions 010. As the etched lines on computer memory chips have become thinner and the chips circuits more complex, the power of both the chips and the electronic devices they drive has vastly increased. As the etched lines on computer memory chips/ have become thinner/ and the chips circuits more complex/, the power of both the chips and the electronic devices they drive/ has vastly increased. /// 011. Since savings banks have to use short-term deposits to finance long-term fixed-rate mortgage loans, they sometimes lose money when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise the rates on their mortgages. =Since savings banks/ have to use short-term deposits/ to finance long-term fixed-rate
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mortgage loans/, they sometimes lose money/ when short-term rates rise/ and they are unable to raise the rates on their mortgages. #/// // * finance 012. St. Johns, Newfoundland, lies on the same latitude as Paris, France, but in spring St. Johns residents are less likely to be sitting at outdoor cafes than to be bracing themselves against arctic chills, shoveling snow, or seeking shelter from a raging northeast storm. = St. Johns, Newfoundland, lies on the same latitude as Paris, France/, but in spring St. Johns residents are less likely to be sitting at outdoor cafes/ than to be bracing themselves against arctic chills, shoveling snow/, or seeking shelter from a raging northeast storm. # St. Johns, Newfoundland / // * less likely to do Athan to do B likely to do Athan to do B A B less likely to than to than to A B 013. According to a ruling by the state supreme court, the owner of polluted land is liable for the cleanup of the property even if the owner is not responsible for pollution that occurred before the title changed hands. = According to a ruling by the state supreme court/, the owner of polluted land/ is liable/ for the cleanup of the property/ even if the owner is not responsible for pollution that occurred before the title changed hands. # 014. Scientists have suggested that once every 10 million years or so a truly colossal object from space cuts through the atmosphere and slams into Earth, sending up a global pall of dust that blots out the Sun, alters the climate, and changes the course of evolution by killing off many plant and animal species.

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=Scientists/ have suggested/ that once every 10 million years or so/ a truly colossal object from space/ cuts through the atmosphere and slams into Earth/, sending up a global pall of dust/ that blots out the Sun, alters the climate, and changes the course of evolution/ by killing off many plant and animal species. #/ 1000 // /// * Earthcut through slams into send up blot out 015. The Audubon Society and other conservation groups, concerned over what they perceive as the serious threat to the environment posed by the policies of the government, are preparing for a major political effort. =The Audubon Society and other conservation groups/, concerned over/ what they perceive as the serious threat to the environment/ posed by the policies of the government/, are preparing for a major political effort. # Audubon /// / * concern over Audubon other conservation groups Audubon 016. The animosity between those who regulate and those who are regulated has never been more pronounced than in recent debates over environmentalism and pollution control. =The animosity/ between those who regulate and those who are regulated/ has never been more pronounced/ than in recent debates/ over environmentalism and pollution control. #////

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*who regulate who are regulatedhas never been more , 017. Some psychiatric studies indicate that among distinguished artists manic depression and major depression are ten to thirteen times more prevalent than in the population at large. =Some psychiatric studies/ indicate/ that among distinguished artists/ manic depression and major depression/ are ten to thirteen times more prevalent/ than in the population at large. #//// 10 13 / * manic depression at large GRE GMAT 018. Until quite recently, American presidents lived in a world in which the public and private realms of their lives were largely separate, in which the press cooperated in maintaining the distinction, and in which Americans judged national leaders without receiving, or expecting, intimate information about them. =Until quite recently, American presidents/ lived in a world/ in which the public and private realms of their lives/ were largely separate/, in which the press/ cooperated/ in maintaining the distinction/, and in which Americans/ judged national leaders/ without receiving, or expecting, intimate information about them. # // / //// / * Until live Until live Until 019.Intended primarily to stimulate family summer travel, the new airfare, which allows both an adult and a child to fly for the price of one ticket, also shortens the
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advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than fourteen. =Intended primarily to stimulate family summer travel/, the new airfare/, which allows both an adult and a child to fly for the price of one ticket/, also shortens/ the advance-purchase requirement for family travel/ to a minimum of seven days rather than fourteen. #// // 7 14 *Intended torather than 020. New techniques in thermal-scanning photography, a process that records radiation from surface areas, have made it possible to study in greater detail than ever before the effects of calefaction, or warming, of a river. =New techniques in thermal-scanning photography/, a process/ that records radiation from surface areas/, have made it possible/ to study in greater detail than ever before/ the effects of calefaction, or warming, of a river. #//// / calefaction * of made it possible calefaction 021. Despite its attractiveness, investing abroad can still pose big risks, ranging from the potential for political instability in some countries to the shortage of regulations to protect investors and a serious lack of information about investments in others. =Despite its attractiveness/, investing abroad/ can still pose big risks/, ranging from the potential for political instability in some countries/ to the shortage of regulations to protect investors/ and a serious lack of information about investments in others. #/ / // * Despite ranging fromto 022. Of all the wild animals in their area, none was more useful to the Delaware tribes than the Virginia white-tailed deer: it was a source of meat, and its hide was used for clothing,
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its antlers and bones for tools, and its sinews and gut for bindings and glue. =Of all the wild animals in their area/, none was more useful to the Delaware tribes/ than the Virginia white-tailed deer/: it was a source of meat/, and its hide was used for clothing/, its antlers and bones for tools/, and its sinews and gut for bindings and glue. #/ Delaware / Virginia / /// * none was more than 023. Researchers at Cornell University have demonstrated that homing pigeons can sense changes in the earths magnetic field, see light waves that people cannot see, detect low-frequency sounds from miles away, sense changes in air pressure, and identify familiar odors. =Researchers at Cornell University/ have demonstrated/ that homing pigeons can sense changes in the earths magnetic field/, see light waves that people cannot see/, detect low-frequency sounds from miles away/, sense changes in air pressure/, and identify familiar odors. # Cornell /// /// * 024. Among the reasons for the decline of New England agriculture in the last three decades were the high cost of land, the pressure of housing and commercial development, and to one another but also adopt. =Among the reasons/ for the decline of New England agriculture/ in the last three decades/ were the high cost of land/, the pressure of housing and commercial development/, and to one another but also adopt. #/ New England / 30 / //
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*among the reasons were 025. Even today, a century after Pasteur developed the first vaccine, rabies almost always kills its victims unless they are inoculated in the earliest stages of the disease. =Even today/, a century after Pasteur developed the first vaccine/, rabies/ almost always kills its victims/ unless they are inoculated in the earliest stages of the disease.

#/Pasteur // / * rabies almost always 026. As the price of gasoline rises, making alcohol distilled from cereal grain an attractive substitute, the prices of bread and livestock feed are sure to increase. =As the price of gasoline rises/, making alcohol/ distilled from cereal grain/ an attractive substitute/, the prices of bread and livestock feed are sure to increase. #//// *As makinga substitute distilled from cereal grain 027. Unlike cigarette tobacco, which yields an acid smoke, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoke too irritating to be drawn into the lungs. =Unlike cigarette tobacco/, which yields an acid smoke/, pipe tobacco/, cured by age-old methods/, yields an alkaline smoke/ too irritating to be drawn into the lungs. #///// * Unlike too to 028. During the nineteenth century Emily Eden and Fanny Parks journeyed throughout India, sketching and keeping journals that formed the basis of news reports about the
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princely states they visited. =During the nineteenth century/ Emily Eden and Fanny Parks/ journeyed throughout India/, sketching and keeping journals/ that formed the basis of news reports/ about the princely states they visited. # 19 / Emily Eden Fanny Parks/India// / * journal 029. School integration plans that involve busing between suburban and central-city areas have contributed, according to a recent study, to significant increases in housing integration, which, in turn, reduces any future need for busing. =School integration plans/ that involve busing between suburban and central-city areas/ have contributed/, according to a recent study/, to significant increases in housing integration/, which, in turn/, reduces any future need for busing. #//// // * 030. The commission acknowledged that neither vast amounts of money nor a large staff can ensure the safety of people who live in the vicinity of a nuclear plant, but it approved the installation because it believed that all reasonable precautions had been taken. = The commission/ acknowledged/ that neither vast amounts of money nor a large staff/ can ensure the safety of people/ who live in the vicinity of a nuclear plant/, but it approved the installation/ because it believed/ that all reasonable precautions had been taken. #//// /// * but neithernor
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031. Sartre believed that each individual is responsible for choosing one course of action over another that it is the choice that gives value to the act, and that nothing that is not acted upon has value. =Sartre believed/ that each individual/ is responsible for choosing one course of action over another/ that it is the choice/ that gives value to the act/, and that nothing/ that is not acted upon/ has value. # Sartre ///// // * 5 that nothing that is not acted upon has value 032. Whereas owners of condominium apartments have free and clear title to their dwellings, owners of cooperative apartments have shares in a corporation that owns a building and leases apartments to them. =Whereas owners of condominium apartments/ have free and clear title/ to their dwellings/, owners of cooperative apartments/ have shares/ in a corporation/ that owns a building and leases apartments to them. #//// // *have title to 033. Even though its per capita food supply has hardly increased in two decades, stringent rationing and planned distribution have allowed the Peoples Republic of China to ensure nutritional levels of 2,000 calories per person per day for its population. =Even though its per capita food supply/ has hardly increased in two decades/, stringent rationing and planned distribution/ have allowed the Peoples Republic of China/ to ensure nutritional levels/ of 2,000 calories per person per day/ for its population.

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#// 20 / / // 2000 / * hardly 034. Few people realize that the chance of accidental injury or death may be at least as great in the safety of their own homes as in a plane or on the road. =Few people realize/ that the chance of accidental injury or death/ may be at least as great in the safety of their own homes/ as in a plane/ or on the road. #/// / *few As great as 035. A fire in an enclosed space burns with the aid of reflected radiation that preheats the fuel, making ignition much easier and causing flames to spread more quickly. =A fire in an enclosed space/ burns with the aid of reflected radiation/ that preheats the fuel/, making ignition much easier/ and causing flames to spread more quickly. #/// / * 036. Roy Wilkins was among the last of a generation of civil rights activists who led the nation through decades of change so profound that many young Americans cannot imagine, much less remember, what segregation was like. =Roy Wilkins/ was among the last of a generation of civil rights activists/ who led the nation through decades of change/ so profound that many young Americans cannot imagine/, much less remember/, what segregation was like. # Roy Wilkins// /// * so that
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 037. The residents opposition to the spraying program has rekindled an old debate between those who oppose the use of pesticides and those who feel that the pesticides are necessary to save the trees. =The residents opposition/ to the spraying program/ has rekindled an old debate/ between those who oppose the use of pesticides/ and those who feel that the pesticides are necessary/ to save the trees. #//// / * to to 038. Slips of the tongue do not necessarily reveal concealed beliefs or intentions but rather result from the competition between various processing mechanisms in the brain. =Slips of the tongue/ do not necessarily reveal concealed beliefs or intentions/ but rather result from the competition/ between various processing mechanisms in the brain. #/// *do notbut rather 039. Small transmitters broadcasting physiological measurements to nearby recording machines are now used to monitor the exercise of both heart patients and athletes. =Small transmitters/ broadcasting physiological measurements to nearby recording machines/ are now used to monitor the exercise/ of both heart patients and athletes. #/// * exercise exercise

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040. The commission has directed advertisers to restrict the use of the word natural to foods that do not contain color or flavor additives, chemical preservatives, or anything that has been synthesized. =The commission/ has directed advertisers/ to restrict the use of the word natural/ to foods that do not contain color or flavor additives, chemical preservatives, or anything that has been synthesized. #// natural / * 041. What brought the Ford Motor Company back from the verge of bankruptcy shortly after the Second World War was a special price increase that the government sanctioned during a period of wage and price controls. =What brought the Ford Motor Company back/ from the verge of bankruptcy/ shortly after the Second World War/ was a special price increase/ that the government sanctioned/ during a period of wage and price controls. # Ford Motor// /// * 041. The odds are about 4 to 1 against surviving a takeover offer, and many business consultants therefore advise that a companys first line of defense in eluding such offers be to refuse even to take calls from likely corporate raiders. The odds are about 4 to 1 against surviving a takeover offer, and many business consultants therefore advise that a companys first line of defense in eluding such offers be to refuse even to take calls from likely corporate raiders.

# 4 1/// // *odds against a takeover offera companys first line of defensetake calls from to refuse even to take calls from to to
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042. Japan used the huge sums of capital it received from the United States after the Second World War to help build a modern industrial system. =Japan used the huge sums of capital/ it received from the United States/ after the Second World War/ to help build a modern industrial system. #/// * capital the huge sums of 043. Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service, nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from a fair cross section of the community. =Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880/ that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service/, nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop/ and enforce the principle/ that all juries must be drawn from a fair cross section of the community. # 1880 // // * a fair cross section of the community section community 044. Nowhere in Prakta is the influence of modern European architecture more apparent than in its government buildings. =Nowhere in Prakta/ is the influence of modern European architecture/ more apparent/ than in its government buildings. # Prakta///

* Nowhereis more than 045. Federal legislation establishing a fund for the cleanup of sites damaged by toxic chemicals permits compensating state governments for damage to their natural resources but does not allow claims for injury to people. =Federal legislation establishing a fund/ for the cleanup of sites/ damaged by toxic
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chemicals/ permits compensating state governments /for damage to their natural resources/ but does not allow claims for injury to people. #//// / *for 046. The lawyer for the defense charged that she suspected the police of having illegally taped her confidential conversations with her client and then of using the information they had obtained to find evidence that would support their murder charges. =The lawyer for the defense charged/ that she suspected the police/ of having illegally taped her confidential conversations with her client/ and then of using the information/ they had obtained/ to find evidence/ that would support their murder charges. #//// // *murder charge charge 047. According to surveys by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, about 20 percent of young adults used cocaine in 1979, twice the number reported in the 1977 survey. =According to surveys by the National Institute on Drug Abuse/, about 20 percent of young adults used cocaine in 1979/, twice the number reported in the 1977 survey. #/ 1979 / 1977 * the National Institute on Drug Abuse 048. Inflation has made many Americans reevaluate their assumptions about the future; they still expect to live better than their parents did, but not so well as they once thought they could. =Inflation/ has made many Americans/ reevaluate their assumptions about the future/; they still expect to live better/ than their parents did/, but not so well as they once thought they could.

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#//// / * live better than not so well asas well as not 049. Europeans have long known that eating quail sometimes makes the eater ill, but only recently has it been established that the illness is caused by a toxin present in the quails body only under certain conditions. =Europeans have long known/ that eating quail sometimes makes the eater ill/, but only recently has it been established/ that the illness is caused by a toxin/ present in the quails body/ only under certain conditions. #/// // * but only recently has it been established 050. In an assessment of the problems faced by rural migrant workers, the question of whether they are better off materially than the urban working poor is irrelevant. =In an assessment/ of the problems faced by rural migrant workers/, the question of whether they are better off materially/ than the urban working poor/ is irrelevant. #/// / *irrelevant 051. In England the well-dressed gentleman of the eighteenth century protected his clothing while having his wig powdered by poking his head through a device that resembled the stocks. =In England the well-dressed gentleman of the eighteenth century/ protected his clothing/ while having his wig powdered/ by poking his head/ through a device/ that resembled the stocks. # 18 /// /
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* stocks 052. According to a recent United States study, identical twins reared apart from each other showed striking similarities, including many idiosyncrasies of behavior. =According to a recent United States study/, identical twins/ reared apart from each other/ showed striking similarities/, including many idiosyncrasies of behavior. #//// * identical idiosyncrasies 053. Developing nations in various parts of the world have amassed $700 billion in debts; at stake, should a significant number of these debts be repudiated, is the solvency of some of the worlds largest multinational banks. =Developing nations in various parts of the world/ have amassed $700 billion in debts/; at stake/, should a significant number of these debts be repudiated/, is the solvency of some of the worlds largest multinational banks. #/ 7000 // / *at stake is the solvency of some of the worlds largest multinational banks should a significant number of these debts be repudiated 054. South Korea has witnessed the worlds most dramatic growth of Christian congregations; church membership is expanding by 6.6 percent a year, fully two-thirds of the growth coming from conversions rather than increases in the population. =South Korea has witnessed/ the worlds most dramatic growth of Christian congregations/; church membership is expanding by 6.6 percent a year/, fully two-thirds of the growth coming from conversions /rather than increases in the population. #/ Christian congregations/ 6.6%//

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*Christian congregations 055.Many investors base their choice between bonds and stocks on comparisons of bond yields with the dividends available on common stocks. = Many investors base their choice/ between bonds and stocks/ on comparisons of bond yields/ with the dividends available on common stocks. #/// *on comparisons with 056. Some of the tenth-century stave churches of Norway are still standing, demonstrating that with sound design and maintenance, wooden buildings can last indefinitely. = Some of the tenth-century stave churches of Norway/ are still standing/, demonstrating/ that with sound design and maintenance/, wooden buildings can last indefinitely. # 10 // // * 057. In the United States, trade unions encountered far more intense opposition in their struggle for social legitimacy than did the organized labor movements of most other democratic nations. = In the United States/, trade unions/ encountered far more intense opposition/ in their struggle for social legitimacy/ than did the organized labor movements of most other democratic nations. #/// * 058.In the most common procedure for harvesting forage crops such as alfalfa, as much as 20 percent of the leaf and small-stem material, the most nutritious parts of the plant, shatters and falls to the ground.

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= In the most common procedure for harvesting forage crops/ such as alfalfa/, as much as 20 percent of the leaf and small-stem material/, the most nutritious parts of the plant/, shatters and falls to the ground. #// 20% // *as much as 059. To ensure consistently high quality in its merchandise, the chain of retail stores became involved in every aspect of its suppliers operations, dictating not only the number of stitches and the width of the hem in every garment but also the profit margins of those suppliers. = To ensure consistently high quality/ in its merchandise/, the chain of retail stores/ became involved in every aspect of its suppliers operations/, dictating not only the number of stitches/ and the width of the hem in every garment/ but also the profit margins of those suppliers. #/// /// * the chain of retail storeschain the chain of retail stores chain Dictate 060. The medieval scholar made almost no attempt to investigate the anatomy of plants, their mechanisms of growth, or the ways in which they are related to one another. = The medieval scholar/ made almost no attempt to investigate/ the anatomy of plants/, their mechanisms of growth/, or the ways in which they are related to one another. #//// * made almost no attempt to
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061.That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. = That sex ratio will be favored/ which maximizes the number of descendants/ an individual will have/ and hence the number of gene copies/ transmitted. #/// / * the number of 062.Hardys weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones. =Hardys weakness/ derived from his apparent inability/ to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses/ and from his unwillingness/ to cultivate and sustain/ the energetic and risky ones. #/// // *derived from cultivate energetic from derived from 063.Virginia Woolfs provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the criticssince it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the "poetic" novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. =Virginia Woolfs provocative statement/ about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway/ has regularly been ignored by the critics/since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests/ very different from the traditional picture of the "poetic" novelist/ concerned with examining states of reverie and vision/ and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. #.Virginia Woolf/ Mrs. Dalloway// /poetic novelist/
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* Of following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness concerned with 064.Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent shows that the he slaves preferencerevealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequentwas very much for stable monogamy. =Although Gutman admits/ that forced separation by sale was frequent/he shows/ that the slaves preference/ revealed most clearly on plantations/ where sale was infrequent/was very much for stable monogamy. #/ // * revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent the slaves preference was very much for stable monogamy 065.Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folkloremusic and religious expression from one generation to anothera heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. =Gutman argues convincingly/ that the stability of the Black family/ encouraged the transmission of--and so was crucial in sustaining--the Black heritage of folklore musicand religious expression from one generation to another/a heritage/ that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. #//-- /-- // * 066.This preference for exogamyGutman suggests may have derived from West African rules governing marriagewhichthough they differed from one tribal group to
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anotherall involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin. =This preference for exogamy/Gutman suggests/ may have derived from West African rules governing marriage/ which though they differed from one tribal group to another/all involved some kind of prohibition/ against unions with close kin. #/// // * unions with close kin exogamy 067.His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States but his definition of racial prejudice as "racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition" can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. =His thesis works relatively well/ when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States/but his definition of racial prejudice/ as "racially-based negative prejudgments/ against a group/ generally accepted as a race/ in any given region/ of ethnic competition/ can be interpreted as also including hostility/ toward such ethnic " groups/ as the Chinese in California/ and the Jews in medieval Europe. #// // / /// // * ETS 068. Such variations in size shape chemistry conduction speed excitation threshold and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience. =Such variations in size shapechemistry conduction speed excitation
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threshold/and the like/ as had been demonstrated in nerve cells/ remained negligible in significance/ for any possible correlation/ with the manifold dimensions/ of mental experience. #/// /// / * 069.Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disprovedthe doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing viewnamely that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as "common currency" throughout the nervous system. =Although qualitative variance/ among nerve energies/ was never rigidly disproved/the doctrine was generally abandoned/ in favor of the opposing view/namely/that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality/ and are transmitted as "common currency"/ throughout the nervous system/. #//// //// * "common currency" currency "common currency" 070.Other experiments revealed slight variations in the sizenumber arrangement and interconnection of the nerve cellsbut as far as psychoneural correlations were concernedthe obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences. = Other experiments/ revealed slight variations/ in the sizenumberarrangement and interconnection/ of the nerve cells/but as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned/the obvious similarities of these sensory fields/ to each other/ seemed much more remarkable/ than any of the minute differences.
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#/// /// / * far as were concerned in the as way, or to the extent, that sb/sth is involved or affected, 071.Although some experiments show thatas an object becomes familiarits internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallelthe weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesisat least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. #Although some experiments/ show that/as an object/ becomes familiar/its internal representation/ becomes more holistic/ and the recognition process/ correspondingly more parallel/ weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis/ least the at for objects/ that are not notably simple and familiar. #//// //// / *the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis the weight of 072.In large part as a consequence of the feminist movementhistorians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. =In large part/ as a consequence of the feminist movement/historians have focused a great deal of attention/ in recent years/ on determining more accurately the status of women/ in various periods. #//// /// *In large part as a consequence of a great deal of
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 073.Thusfor instanceit may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atombut only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spinmagnetic dipoleand relativistic effectsand that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field-theoretical equations. =Thus/for instance/it may come as a shock/ to mathematicians/ to learn/ that the Schrodinger equation/ for the hydrogen atom/ is not a literally correct description/ of this atom/but only an approximation/ to a somewhat more correct equation/ taking account of spinmagnetic dipoleand relativistic effects/and that this corrected equation/ is itself/ only an imperfect approximation/ to an infinite set of quantum field-theoretical equations. #///// Schrodinger / //// // /// * spinmagnetic dipole quantum field-theoretical equations 074.The physicist rightly dreads precise argumentsince an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changedwhereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions. = The physicist/ rightly dreads precise argument/ since an argument/ that is convincing/ only if it is precise/ loses all its force/ if the assumptions/ on which it is based/ are slightly changed/whereas an argument/ that is convincing/ though imprecise/ may well be stable/ under small perturbations/ of its underlying assumptions. #///--/ /--//// /--/--/// /
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* 075.Howeveras they gained cohesionthe Bluestockings came to regard themselves as a womens group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon. =However/ they gained cohesion/ Bluestockings/ came to regard themselves/ as as the a womens group/ and to possess a sense of female solidarity/ lacking in the salonnieres/who remained isolated from one another/ by the primacy/ each held in her own salon. #/// /// / *the Bluestockings the salonnieres the Bluestockings 076.As my own studies have advancedI have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seemat first glanceto constitute such an immense gulf between them. =As my own studies have advanced/I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities/ between insect and vertebrate societies/ and less so with the structural differences/ that seem/ first glance/ constitute such an immense gulf/ at to between them. #/ / ///// *vertebrate societies less so with and I have been increasingly impressed with I have been less impressed with 077. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstancesits authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideologicaland talking about novels and stories
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primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise. =Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances/its authors/ react to those circumstances/ in ways other than ideological/and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments/ of ideology/ circumvents/ much of/ the fictional enterprise. #/ / ////// * in ways other than ideological talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise it circumvents much of the fictional enterprise that talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology 078.Is this a defect are the authors working out of trying to forge different kind of or or a aesthetic =Is this a defect/ are the authors working out of/ trying to forge/ different kind or or a of aesthetic * / / / * 079.Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novelsbringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. =Black Fiction/ surveys a wide variety of novels/bringing to our attention/ in the process/ some fascinating and little-known works/ like James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. #//// / James Weldon Johnson - *
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 Black Fiction Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man 080.Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated to pass through they absorb some of the longer-wavelength infrared emissions radiated from the Earths surfaceradiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space. =Although these molecules/ allow radiation/ at visible wavelengths/ where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated/to pass through/they absorb some of the longer-wavelength/ infrared emissions/ radiated from the Earths surface/ radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space. #/// /// * visible wavelengths longer-wavelength radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space 081.The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraintsways of feeling thinking acting and that "come naturally" in archetypal situations in any culture. =The role/ those anthropologists ascribe to evolution/ is not of dictating the details of human behavior/ but one of imposing constraints/ways of feelingthinkingand acting/ that "come naturally" in archetypal situations/ in any culture. #// /// *the role is not but 082.A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggestedbut did not provethat the grazers had removed most of the algae. =A low number of algal cells/ in the presence of a high number of grazers/ suggested/ but did not prove/that the grazers had removed most of the algae. #//
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 * in the presence of suggest suggest GRE GMAT suggest ETS 083.Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community grazing rates by measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory and then computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the known population density of grazers. =Studies/ by Hargrave and Geen/ estimated natural community grazing rates/ by measuring feeding rates/ of individual zooplankton species/ in the laboratory/ and then computing community grazing rates/ for field conditions/ using the known population density of grazers. #/ Hargrave Geen / / /// // * 084.In the periods of peak zooplankton abundancethat isin the late spring and in the summer, Haney recorded maximum daily com-munity grazing ratesfor nutrient-poor lakes and bog lakesrespectivelyof 6.6 percent and 114 percent of daily phytoplankton production. = In the periods of peak zooplankton abundance/that is/in the late spring and in the summer/, Haney recorded maximum daily community grazing rates/ for nutrient-poor lakes and bog lakes/respectively/of 6.6 percent and 114 percent/ of daily phytoplankton production. #///Haney ///6.6% 114%/ * zooplankton phytoplankton

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085.The hydrologic cyclea major topic in this scienceis the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passesbeginning as atmospheric water vaporpassing into liquid and solid form as precipitationthence along and into the ground surfaceand finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration. =The hydrologic cycle/a major topic in this science/is the complete cycle of phenomena/ through which water passes/beginning as atmospheric water vapor/ passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation/thence along and into the ground surface/and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor/ by means of evaporation and transpiration. #//// /// / * precipitation passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation ETS 086.The historian Frederick J. Turner wrote in the 1890s that the agrarian discontent that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated by the closing of the internal frontierthat isthe depletion of available new land needed for further expansion of the American farming system. =The historian Frederick J. Turner/ wrote in the 1890s/ that the agrarian discontent/ that had been developing steadily in the United States/ since about 1870/ had been precipitated/ by the closing of the internal frontier/that is/the depletion/ of available new land /needed for further expansion /of the American farming system. # Frederick J. Turner//// / 1870 //// / // * 087.In the early 1950s historians who studied preindustrial Europewhich we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800 began for the first time in large numbersto investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elitethe kingsgeneralsjudges
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noblesbishopsand local

magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books.

= In the early 1950s/historians/ who studied preindustrial Europe/ which we may define here as Europe/ in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800/ began/ for the first time/ in large numbers/ investigate more of the preindustrial European population/ to than the 2 or 3 percent/ who comprised the political and social elite/the kings generals judges nobles bishops local magnates/ who had hitherto/ usually filled and history books. #/// / 1300 1800//// /// / *investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite 088.Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents to extract case histories which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groupsthese attitudes include but are not confined toattitudes toward crime and the lawand have revealed how the authorities administered justice. =Historians/ such as Le Roy Ladurie/ have used the documents to extract case histories/which have illuminated the attitudes/ of different social groups/ these attitudes include/ are not confined to/ but attitudes toward crime and the law /and have revealed/ how the authorities administered justice/. #/ Le Roy Ladurie/// //// / * which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groups that includebut are not confined toattitudes toward crime and the law 089.My point is that its central consciousnessits profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on peoples livesowes much to that earlier literary heritagea heritage thatin generalhas not been sufficiently valued by most
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contemporary literary critics. =My point/ is/ that its central consciousness/its profound understanding of class and gender/ as shaping influences/ on peoples lives/owes much to that earlier literary heritage/a heritage/ thatin general/has not been sufficiently valued/ by most contemporary literary critics. #/// /// / * 090.But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and nonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each otheran area that we have not yet explored thoroughly. =But achieving necessary matches/ in physical properties/ across interfaces between living and nonliving matter/ requires knowledge/ of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other/an area/ that we have not yet explored thoroughly. #// / // * 091.Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of lawnotwithstanding course considerable and inevitable number of coincidences of a with one or the other of them as far as subject matter and positive enactments are concernedthat its study is indispensable in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena. =Islamic law is a phenomenon/ so different from all other forms of law/notwithstanding/ of course/ a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences/ with one or the other of them/ as far as subject matter and positive enactments/ are concerned/that its study is indispensable/ in order to appreciate adequately/ the full range of possible legal phenomena. #//// //
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/// * as far as are concerned so that 092.Though historically there is a discernible break between Jewish law of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora the dispersion of Jewish people after the conquest of Israel the spirit of the legal matter in later parts of the Old Testament is very close to that of the Talmud one of the primary codifications of Jewish law in the Diaspora. = Though historically there is a discernible break/ between Jewish law/ of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora/ the dispersion of Jewish people after the conquest of Israel/ the spirit of the legal matter/ in later parts of the Old Testament/ is very close to that of the Talmud/ one of the primary codifications of Jewish law in the Diaspora. #///( )/ Diaspora ()/()/ /// / Diaspora *,, , : between Jewish law of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora , and that of Diaspora ; 093.Islamon the other handrepresented a radical breakaway from the Arab paganism that preceded itIslamic law is the result of an examination from a religious angleof legal subject matter that was far from uniformcomprising as it did the various components of the laws of pre-Islamic/ Arabia and numerous legal elements taken over from the non-Arab peoples/ of the conquered territories. = Islam/ the other hand/ on represented a radical breakaway from the Arab paganism/ that preceded it/Islamic law/ is the result of an examination/ from a religious angle/of legal subject matter/ that was far from uniform/comprising as it did the various components of the laws of pre-Islamic Arabia/ and numerous legal elements/ taken over from the non-Arab peoples/ of the conquered territories. #///// /// // ////
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 * Arab paganism legal elements 094.One such novel idea is that of inserting into the chromosomes of plants discrete genes that are not a part of the plants natural constitutionspecificallythe idea of inserting into nonleguminous plants the genes they can be identified and isolated if that fit the leguminous plants to be hosts for nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Hencethe intensified research on legumes. = One such novel idea/ is that of inserting into the chromosomes of plants/ discrete genes/ that are not a part of the plants natural constitution/specifically/the idea of inserting into nonleguminous plants/ the genes/ if they can be identified and isolated/that fit the leguminous plants to be hosts/ for nitrogen-fixing bacteria./ Hencethe intensified research on legumes. #/// ///// // / * 095.It is one of natures great ironies that the availability of nitrogen in the soil frequently sets an upper limit on plant growth even though the plants leaves are bathed in a sea of nitrogen gas. =It is one of natures great ironies/ that the availability of nitrogen/ in the soil/ frequently sets an upper limit on plant growth/ even though the plants leaves are bathed in a sea of nitrogen gas. *//// * irony irony 096.Unless they succeedthe yield gains of the Green Revolution will be largely lost even if the genes in legumes that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen
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fixers are identified and isolatedand even if the transfer of those gene complexesonce they are found becomes possible. =Unless they succeed/the yield gains of the Green Revolution/ will be largely lost/ even if the genes in legumes/ that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers/ are identified and isolated/and even if the transfer of those gene complexes/once they are found becomes possible. #/// // / * even if 097.Its subjectto use Maynard Macks categoriesis "life-as-spectacle" for readers diverted by its various incidentsobserve its hero Odysseus primarily from withoutthe tragic Iliadhoweverpresents "life-as-experience"readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilleswhose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero. =Its subject/ to use Maynard Macks categories /is "life-as-spectacle"/ for readers/ diverted by its various incidents/observe its hero Odysseus/ primarily from without the tragic Iliad/however/presents "life-as-experience"/readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles/whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero. # Maynard Mack // / Odyssus//// / Achilles / * identify with 098.Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement before maturity one eye migrates that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on so the same side of the head. =Most striking/ among the many asymmetries/ evident in an adult flatfish/ is eye placement/ before maturity one eye migrates/so that in an adult flatfish both eyes
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are on the same side of the head. #//// / * 099.The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islandsislands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantleare composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system whose sourcemost geologists contendis the upper mantle. = The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis/ is the well-established fact/ that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands/islands/ believed to result from mantle plumes/ arising from the lower mantle/are composed of material/ fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system/ whose source/most geologists contend/ is the upper mantle. #/// / mantle plume// //// * 100.Some geologists however the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths on argue that the mantle is not layeredbut that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in "incompatible elements" elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly according to the vagaries of the fluids pathways. xenolith

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1.The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelingsmade it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently. 2.It is possible to make specific complementary DNAs cDNAsthat can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNAs mRNAsof the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormonesthe cells will contain these MrnaS. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to themthen the cDNAs should still bind to these mRNAsbut should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNAs for the true hormones.

3.The molecular approach to detecting peptide hormones using cDNA probes should also be much faster than the immunological method because it can take years of tedious purifications to isolate peptide hormones and then develop antiserums to them. 4.This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not directly related to glacial and interglacial periods rather than on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains found in interglacial beds themselves interstratified within glacial deposits. 5.There have been attempts to explain these taboos in terms of inappropriate social relationships either between those who are involved and those who are not simultaneously involved in the satisfaction of a bodily needor between those already satiated and those who appear to be shamelessly gorging. 6.Many critics of Family Brontes novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as a counterpoint that comments onif it does not reversethe first partwhere a "romantic" reading receives more confirmation. 7.Granted that the presence of these elements need not argue an authorial awareness of novelistic construction comparable to that of Henry James their presence does encourage attempts to unify the novels heterogeneous parts. 8.This is not because such an interpretation necessarily stiffens into a thesisalthough rigidity in any interpretation of this or of any novel is always a danger but because Wuthering Heights has recalcitrant elements of undeniable power thatultimatelyresist inclusion in an all-encompassing interpretation. 9.The isotopic composition of lead often varies from one source of common copper ore to
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another with variations exceeding the measurement error preliminary studies indicate and virtually uniform is topic composition of the lead from a single copper-ore source. 10. More probable is bird transport either externally accidental attachment of the seeds by to feathersor internallyby the swallowing of fruit and subsequent excretion of the seeds. 11.It is not known how rare this resemblance isor whether it is most often seen in inclusions of silicates such as garnetwhose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond but when presentthe resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly cogenetic. 12.Even the "radical" critiques of this mainstream research modelsuch as the critique developed in Divided Societyattach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority. 13.They are called virtual particles in order to distinguish them from real particleswhose lifetimes are not constrained in the same wayand which can be detected. 14. Other theorists propose that the Moon was ripped out of the Earths rocky mantle by the Earths collision with another large celestial body after much of the Earths iron fell to its core. 15.Thuswhat in contrast to the Puritan colonies appears to Davis to be peculiarly Southern acquisitivenessa strong interest in politics and the lawand a tendency to cultivate metropolitan cultural modelswas not only more typically English than the cultural patterns exhibited by Puritan Massachusetts and Connecticutbut also almost certainly characteristic of most other early modern British colonies from Barbados north to Rhode Island and New Hampshire. 16.A very specialized feeding adaptation in zooplankton is that of the tadpolelike appendicularian who lives in a walnut-sized or smaller balloon of mucus equipped with filters that capture and concentrate phytoplankton. 17.These historianshoweverhave analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. 18.When the core of a giant star whose mass surpasses 1.4 times the present mass of our Sun exhausts its nuclear fuelit is unable to support its own weight and collapses into a tiny neutron star. 19.This is so even though the armed forces operate in an ethos of institutional change
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oriented toward occupational equality and under the federal sanction of equal pay for equal equal work. 20.Not only are liver transplants never rejected but they even induce a state of donor-specific unresponsiveness in which subsequent transplants of other organs such as skinfrom that donor are accepted permanently. 21.While the new doctrine seems almost certainly correctthe one papyrus fragment raises the specter that another may be unearthedshowingfor instancethat it was a posthumous production of the Danaid tetralogy which bested Sophoclesand throwing the date once more into utter confusion. 22.The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceives as essential. 23.Because the potential hazards pollen grains are subject to as they are transported over long distances are enormous windpollinated plants have the view above in compensated for the ensuing loss of pollen through happenstance by virtue of producing an amount of pollen that is one to three orders of magnitude greater than the amount produced by species pollinated by insects. 24.For examplethe spiral arrangement of scale-bract complexes on ovule-bearing pine coneswhere the female reproductive organs of conifers are locatedis important to the production of airflow patterns that spiral over the cones surfacesthereby passing airborne pollen from one scale to the next. 25.It was not the change in office technology rather the separation of secretarial work but previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managersfrom administrative work that in the 1880s created a new class of "dead-end" jobsthenceforth considered "womens work." 26.The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workerspreviouslyin many casesthe only women employers would hire. 27.In order to understand the nature of the ecologists investigationwe may think of the density-dependent effects on growth parameters as the "signal" ecologists are trying to isolate andinterpretone that tends to make the population increase from relatively low values or decrease from relatively high oneswhile the density-independent effects act to produce "noise" in the population dynamics.

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28.But the plays complex view of Black self-esteem and human solidarity as compatible is no more "contradictory" than Du Bois famous well-considered ideal of ethnic self-awareness coexisting with human unityor Fanons emphasis on an ideal internationalism that also accommodates national identities and roles. 29.Inheritors of some of the viewpoints of early twentieth-century Progressive historians such as Beard and Beckerthese recent historians have put forward arguments that deserve evaluation. 30.Despite these vague categoriesone should not claim unequivocally that hostility between recognizable classes cannot be legitimately observed. 31.Yet those who stress the achievement of a general consensus among the colonists cannot fully understand that consensus without understanding the conflicts that had to be overcome or repressed in order to reach it. 32.It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements regarding socioeconomic class and support for the rebel and Loyalist causes during the American Revolutionary War 33. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufactures and servicing trades thought their customers wantedonly a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. 34.Such philosophical concerns as the mind-body problem or more generally nature of the human knowledge they believeare basic human questions whose tentative philosophical solutions have served as the necessary foundations on which all other intellectual speculation has rested. 35.The idea of an autonomous discipline called "philosophy" distinct from and sitting in judgment on such pursuits as theology and science turns out close examination be on to of quite recent origin. 36.But the recent discovery of detailed similarities in the skeletal structure of the flippers in all three groups undermines the attempt to explain away superficial resemblance as due to convergent evolution-the independent development of similarities between unrelated groups in response to similar environmental pressures. 37.Human genes contain too little information even to specify which hemisphere of the brain each of a humans 10 neurons should occupylet alone the hundreds of connections that each neuron makes.

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38.These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars-only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers-will be at stake and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understandinga contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society. 39.In experimentsan injection of cytoplasm from dextral eggs changes the pattern of sinistral eggsbut an injection from sinistral eggs does not influence dextral eggs. 40.Recently some scientists have concluded that meteorites found on Earth and long believed to have a Martian origin might actually have been blasted free of Marss gravity by the impact on Mars of other meteorites. 41.Under the force of this viewit was perhaps inevitable that the art of rhetoric should pass from the status of being regarded as of questionable worth because although it might be both a source of pleasure and a means to urge people to right actionit might also be a means to distort truth and a source of misguided actionto the status of being wholly condemned. 42.None of these translations to screen and stagehoweverdramatize the anarchy at the conclusion of A Connecticut Yankeewhich ends with the violent overthrow of Morgans three-year-old progressive order and his return to the nineteenth century where he apparently commits suicide after being labeled a lunatic for his incoherent babblings about drawbridges and battlements. 43.Calculations of the density of alloys based on Bernal-type models of the alloys metal component agreed fairly well with the experimentally determined values from measurements on alloys consisting of a noble metal together with a metalloidsuch as alloys of palladium and siliconor alloys consisting of ironphosphorusand carbon although small discrepancies remained. 44.It is now established that the Milky Way is far more extended and of much greater mass than was hitherto thought.

45.And Walzer advocates as the means of eliminating this tyranny and of restoring genuine equality "the abolition of the power of money outside its sphere". 46.Is it not tyrannicalin Pascals senseto insist that those who excel in "sensitivity" or "the ability to express compassion" merit equal wealth with those who excel in qualities such as "the capacity for hard work"essential in producing wealth
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47.Yet Waizers argumenthowever deficientdoes point to one of the most serious weak-nesses of capitalismnamelythat it brings to predominant positions in a society people whono matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewardsoften lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration. 48. The appreciation of traditional oral American Indian literature has been limited hampered by poor translations and by the difficultyeven in the rare culturally sensitive and aesthetically satisfying translationof completely conveying the originals verse structuretoneand syntax. 49.Mores which embodied each cultures ideal principles for governing every citizen were developed in the belief that the foundation of a community lies in the cultivation of individual powers to be placed in service to the community. 50.Only in the case of the February Revolution do we lack a useful description of participants that might characterize it in the light of what social history has taught us about the process of revolutionary mobilization. 51.Anthropologists and others are on much firmer ground when they attempt to describe the cultural norms for a small homogeneous tribe or village than when they undertake the formidable task of discovering the norms that exist in a complex modern nation state composed of many disparate groups. 52.It has thus generally been by way of the emphasis on oral literary creativity that these Chicano writers whose English language works are sometimes uninspired developed the powerful and arresting language that characterized their Spanish-language works. 53.To measure them properlymonitoring equipment would have to be laid out on a grid at intervals of at most 50 kilometerswith sensors at each grid point lowered deep in the ocean and kept there for many months.

54.This declarationwhich was echoed in the text of the Fourteenth Amendmentwas designed primarily to counter the Supreme Courts ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford that Black people in the United States could be denied citizenship. 55.The broad language of the amendment strongly suggests that its framers were proposing to write into the Constitution not a laundry list of specific civil rights but a principle of equal citizen-ship that forbids organized society from treating any individual as a member of an inferior class.

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56.This doctrine has broadened the application of the Fourteenth Amendment to other nonracial forms of discriminationfor while some justices have refused to findany legislative classification other than race to be constitutionally disfavored most have been receptive to arguments that at least some nonracial discriminations. sexual Discrimination in particularare "suspect" and deserve this heightened scrutiny by the courts. 57.Only when a system possesses natural or artificial boundaries that associate the water within it with the hydrologic cycle may the entire system properly be termed hydrogeologic. 58. Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity. 59.The delinquency rates on mortgages for office buildings, hotels, shopping malls, and other commercial properties held by the nation's insurance companies have increased sharply in recent months, leading to predictions that foreclosures on these types of loans could double over the next three years. 60. Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, and create a special non-government organization to take charge of computer security planning. AIRead the statement and the instructions that follow it, and then make any notes that will help you plan your response. Begin typing your response in the box at the bottom of the screen. Some people claim that the growth of mass media has stifled intellectual curiosity. Others, however, argue that me availability of so much information and entertainment has encouraged individuals to expand their intellect and creativity. Explain your position on this issue. Support your views with reasons and/or examples from your own experience, observations, or reading.

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1. =The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships/ that kept presenting and rearranging themselves/ on all levels/from abstract intelligence/ to profound dreamy feelings/, made it difficult /for Proust/ to set them out coherently. #//--/ ///--/Proust/

2.=It is possible to make specific complementary DNAs cDNAs/that can serve as molecular probes/ to seek out the messenger RNAs mRNAs/of the peptide hormones/. If brain cells are making the hormones/the cells will contain these MrnaS./ If the products/ the brain cells make/ resemble the hormones/ but are not identical to them/ then the cDNAs should still bind to these mRNAs/but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNAs/ for the true hormones. #/ DNAscDNAs// RNAsmRNAs/// RNAs/.// // cDNAs mDNAs / mRNAs /
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3. =The molecular approach/ to detecting peptide hormones/ using cDNA probes/ should also be much faster/ than the immunological method/ because it can take years/ of tedious purifications/ to isolate peptide hormones/ and then develop antiserums to them. #// cDNA // ///

4. =This succession/ was based primarily on a series of deposits and events/ not directly related to glacial and interglacial periods/rather than on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains/ found in interglacial beds themselves/ interstratified within glacial deposits/. #// /// /

5. =There have been attempts/ to explain these taboos/ in terms of inappropriate social relationships/ either between those who are involved/ and those who are not simultaneously involved/ in the
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satisfaction of a bodily need/or between those already satiated/ and those who appear to be shamelessly gorging. #/// /// /

6.=Many critics/ of Eamily Brontes novel Wuthering Heights/ see its second part as a counterpoint/ that comments on it does not reverse if

the first partwhere a "romantic" reading/ receives more confirmation. #/ Emily Bronte / // ///

7.=Granted/ that the presence of these elements/ need not argue an authorial awareness/ of novelistic construction/ comparable to that of

Henry James/ their presence/ does encourage attempts/ to unify the novels heterogeneous parts.

#/// Henry James / //

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8.=This is not because/ such an interpretation necessarily stiffens into a thesis/although rigidity in any interpretation of this or of any novel is always a danger/but because/ Wuthering Heights has recalcitrant

elements of undeniable power/ thatultimately/resist inclusion in an all-encompassing interpretation.

#// / ////

9.=The isotopic composition/ of lead/ often varies/ from one source of common copper ore/ to another/ with variations exceeding the measurement error/ and preliminary studies/ indicate/ virtually uniform/ is topic composition of the lead/ from a single copper-ore source. #//// //// /

10. =More probable/ is bird transport/either externally/by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers/or internally/by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent excretion of the seeds.
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#//// //

11.=It is not known/ how rare this resemblance is/or whether it is most often seen/ in inclusions of silicates/ such as garnet/ whose crystallography/ is generally somewhat similar/ to that of diamond but when present/the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence/ that the diamonds and inclusions are truly co genetic. #/// // // //

12.=Even the "radical" critiques of this mainstream research model/ such as the critique/ developed in Divided Society/attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically/ to factors of economic and social mobility/ and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination/ of Puerto Ricans/ as a colonial minority/. #/ // ///
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13.=They are called virtual particles/ in order to distinguish them from real particles/whose lifetimes are not constrained and which can be detected/. #/ // in the same way/

14. =Other theorists/ propose/ that the Moon was ripped out of the Earths rocky mantle/ by the Earths collision/ with another large celestial body/ after much of the Earths iron/ fell to its core. #//// ///

15.=Thuswhat in contrast to the Puritan colonies/ appears to Davis/ to be peculiarly Southern/ acquisitiveness/a strong interest in politics and the law/and a tendency to cultivate metropolitan cultural models/was

not only more typically English/ than the cultural patterns/ exhibited by Puritan Massachusetts and Connecticut/ but also almost certainly characteristic/ of most other early modern British colonies/ from Barbados/ north to Rhode Island and New Hampshire. #/// /, /,
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/// // //

16.=A very specialized feeding adaptation/ in zooplankton/ is that of the tadpolelike appendicularian/ who lives in a walnut-sized or smaller balloon of mucus/ equipped with filters/ that phytoplankton. #// ()// /() capture and concentrate

17.=These historians/ however/ have analyzed less fully the development/ of specifically feminist ideas and same period. #///// / activities/ during the

18.=When the core of a giant star/ whose mass surpasses 1.4 times the present mass of our Sun/ exhausts its nuclear fuel/it is unable to support its own weight/ and collapses into a tiny neutron star.
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#/ 1.4 / //

19.=This is so/ even though the armed forces operate/

in an ethos of

institutional change/ oriented toward occupational equality/and under the federal sanction/ of equal pay for equal work. #/// //

20.=Not only are liver transplants never rejected/but they even induce a state/ of donor-specific unresponsiveness/ in which/ subsequent transplants of other organs/such as skin/from that donor/ are accepted permanently. #/ /// ///

21.=While the new doctrine seems almost certainly correct/the one papyrus fragment/ raises the specter/ that another may be unearthed/ showing/for instance/that it was a posthumous production/ of the

Danaid tetralogy/ which bested Sophocles/and throwing the date/ once

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more into utter confusion. #/ / //// / Danaid / Sophocles/ //

22.=The methods/ that a community

devises to perpetuate itself/ come

into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy/ that that community perceives as essential/. #// /

23.=Because the potential hazards/ pollen grains are subject to/ as they are transported over long distances/ are enormous/wind pollinated plants/ have/ the view above/ in compensated for the ensuing loss of

pollen/ through happenstance/ by virtue of producing an amount of pollen/ that is one to three orders of magnitude greater/ than the amount/ produced by species pollinated by insects. #/// /// /// //
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24.=For examplethe spiral arrangement/ of

scale-bract complexes on

ovule-bearing pine cones/ where the female reproductive organs of conifers/ are located/is important to the production of airflow patterns/ that spiral over the cones surfaces/thereby passing airborne pollen from one scale to the next. # / scale-bract / /// //

25.=It was not the change in office technology/but rather the separation of secretarial work/previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers/from administrative work/ that in the 1880s created a new class of "dead-end" jobs/thenceforth considered "womens work." #/ / // /

26.=The increase/ in the numbers of married women/ employed outside the home/ in the twentieth century/ had less to do with the mechanization
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of housework/ and an increase in leisure time/ for these women/ than it did with their own economic necessity/ and with high marriage rates/ that shrank the available pool of single women workers/previously/in many cases/the only women/ employers would hire. #//// // / /// /

27.=In order to understand the nature/ of the ecologists investigation/ we may think of the density-dependent effects/ on growth parameters/ as the "signal"/ ecologists are trying to isolate and interpret/ that tends one to make the population/ increase from relatively low values/ or decrease from relatively high ones/while the density-independent effects act to produce "noise"/ in the population dynamics. #// /// / // / /
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28.=But the plays complex view of Black self-esteem and human solidarity as compatible/ is no more "contradictory"/ than Du Bois famouswell-considered ideal/ of ethnic self-awareness/ coexisting with human unity/ Fanons emphasis on an ideal internationalism/ that also or accommodates national identities and roles. #// / Du Bois // / Fanon //, ()

29.=Inheritors/ of some of the

viewpoints of early twentieth-century/

Progressive historians/ such as Beard and Becker/ these recent historians/ have put forward arguments that deserve evaluation. #//, / Beard Becker ///

30.=Despite these vague categories/one should not claim unequivocally/ that hostility between recognizable classes/ cannot be legitimately observed. #// /
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31.=Yet those/ who stress the achievement/ of a general consensus /among the colonists/ cannot fully understand that consensus/ without understanding the conflicts/ that had to be overcome or repressed in order to reach it. #/ // /// /()( )

32.It can be inferred from the passage/ that the author would be most likely to agree with/ which of the following statements/ regarding socioeconomic class/ and support for the rebel and Loyalist causes/ during the American Revolutionary War? #/// //?

33. =Although it has been possible/ to infer from the goods and services/ actually produced/ what manufactures and servicing trades/ thought their customers wanted/only a study of relevant personal documents/ written by actual consumers/ will provide a precise picture/ of who wanted what/.
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#/// //, ///

34.=Such philosophical/ as the mind-body/ problem ormore generally/ the nature of human knowledge/ they believe/ are basic human questions/ whose tentative philosophical solutions/ have served as the necessary foundations/ on which all other intellectual speculation/ has rested. #//// /// //

35.=The idea of an autonomous discipline/ called "philosophy"/ distinct from/ and sitting in judgment/ on such pursuits/ as theology and science turns out/on close examination/to be of quite recent origin. #/// /// /

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36.=But the recent discovery of detailed similarities/ in the skeletal structure of the flippers/ in all three groups/ undermines the attempt/ to explain away superficial resemblance/ as due to convergent

evolution/the independent development of similarities/ between unrelated groups/ in response to similar environmental pressures. # // /// // //

37.=Human genes/ contain too little information/ even to specify/ which hemisphere of the brain/ each of a humans 10 neurons/ should occupy/ let alone the hundreds of connections/ that each neuron makes/. #//// 10 /()/ /

38.=These questions are political/ in the sense/ that the debate over them/ will inevitably be/ less an exploration/ of abstract matters/ in a spirit of disinterested inquiry/ than an academic power struggle/ in which the careers and professional fortunes/ of many women scholars/only now
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entering the academic profession/ in substantial numbers/will be at stake/and with them/ the chances for a distinctive contribution/ to humanistic understanding/a contribution/ that might be an important influence/ against sexism in our society. #/// // //, /// //// ///

39.=In experiments/ an injection of cytoplasm/ from dextral eggs/ changes the pattern of sinistral eggs/but an injection/ from sinistral eggs/ does not influence dextral eggs. #/// /()// 40.=Recently/ some scientists have concluded/ that meteorites/ found on Earth/ and long believed to have a Martian origin/ might actually have been blasted free of Marss gravity/ by the impact on Mars of other
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meteorites. #//// / /

41.=Under the force of this view/ was perhaps inevitable/ that the art of it rhetoric/ should pass from the status/ of being regarded as of questionable worth/because/ although it might be both a source of pleasure/ and a means to urge people/ to right action/it might also be a means to distort truth/ and a source of misguided action/to the status/ of being wholly condemned/. #/// // ///, ///

42.=None of these translations/ to screen and stage/ however/ dramatize the anarchy/ at the conclusion of A Connecticut Yankee/which ends with the violent overthrow/ of Morgans three-year-old progressive order/ and his return to the nineteenth century/where he apparently commits
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suicide/ after being labeled a lunatic/ for his incoherent babblings/ about drawbridges and battlements. #// / A Connecticut Yankee

43.=Calculations/ of the density of alloys/ based on Bernal-type models/ of the alloys metal component/ agreed fairly well with the experimentally determined values/ from measurements on alloys/ consisting of a noble metal/ together with a metalloid/ such as alloys of palladium and silicon/ or alloys/ consisting of ironphosphorusand carbon/although small discrepancies remained/. #/// // /// /

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44.=It is now established/ that the Milky Way is far more extended/ and of much greater mass/ than was hitherto thought. #///

45.And Walzer advocates as the means of eliminating this tyranny and of restoring genuine equality "the abolition of the power of money outside its sphere" Walzer

46.Is it not tyrannical Pascals sense insist that those who in to excel in "sensitivity" or "the ability to express compassion" merit equal wealth with those who excel in qualities such as for hard work"essential in producing wealth Pascal "the capacity

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47.Yet Waizers argument however deficient does point to one of the most serious weak-nesses of capitalism namely it brings to that predominant positions in a society people whono matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewardsoften lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.

Waizers

48.The appreciation of traditional oral American Indian literature has been limitedhampered by poor translations and by the difficulty even in the rare culturally sensitive and aesthetically satisfying translationof completely conveying the originals verse structuretoneand syntax.

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49.Moreswhich embodied each cultures ideal principles for governing every citizen were developed in the belief that the foundation of a community lies in the cultivation of individual powersto be placed in service to the community.

50.Only in the case of

the February Revolution do we lack

useful description of participants that might characterize it in the light of what social history has taught us about the process of revolutionary mobilization.

51.Anthropologists and others are on much firmer ground when they attempt to describe the cultural norms for a small homogeneous tribe or village than when they undertake the formidable task of discovering the norms that exist in a complex modern nation state composed of many disparate groups.
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52.It has thus generally been by way of the emphasis on oral literary creativity that these Chicano writers whose English language works are sometimes uninspireddeveloped the powerful and arresting language that characterized their Spanish-language works. Chicano

53.To measure them properlymonitoring equipment would have to be laid out on a grid at intervals of at most 50 kilometers with sensors at each grid point lowered deep in the ocean and kept there for many months.

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54.This declarationwhich was echoed in the text of the Fourteenth Amendmentwas designed primarily to counter the Supreme

Courts ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford that Black people in the United States could be denied citizenship. Dred Scott Sandford

55.The broad language of the amendment strongly suggests that its framers were proposing to write into the Constitution not a laundry list of specific civil rights but a principle of equal citizen-ship that forbids organized society from treating any individual as a member of an inferior class.

56.This

doctrine has broadened the application of the Fourteenth

Amendment to othernonracial forms of discriminationfor while some justices have refused to find any legislative
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classification

other than race to be constitutionally disfavoredmost have been receptive to arguments that at least some nonracial discriminations sexual Discrimination in particularare "suspect" and deserve this heightened scrutiny by the courts.

57.Only when a system possesses natural or artificial boundaries that associate the water within it with the hydrologic cycle may the entire system properly be termed hydro geologic.

58.=Research/ during the past several decades/ on the nature of language/ and the processes/ that produce and make it understandable/ has revealed great complexity/ instead of underlying simplicity.

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59.The delinquency rates on mortgages for office buildings, hotels, shopping malls, and other commercial properties held by the nation's insurance companies have increased sharply in recent months , leading to predictions that foreclosures on these types of loans could double over the next three years.

60.Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures , institute new emergency response teams, and create a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.

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. . . 1 While Jackie Robinson was a Brooklyn Dodger, his courage in the face of physical threats and verbal attacks was not unlike that of Rosa Parks, who refused to move to the back of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama. # Jackie Robinson Brooklyn Dodger Rosa Parks Rosa Parks
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 Montgomery, Alabama

2A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors have elected to retire early rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance. # //

3 June of 1989, Princeton Township approved a developer's plans to build In 300 houses on a large portion of the 210-acre site of the Battle of Princeton, one of only eight Revolutionary War battlefields that had remained undeveloped. # 1989 Princeton 300 /210 Princeton / /

4Problems in the management of water and other resources will be at the head of the legislature's list of concerns for the coming session. #///

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5Stable interest rates on long-term bonds are the financial market's vote of confidence that the Federal Reserve will keep inflation under control. # ////

6 Rather than continue to produce most of the items necessary for subsistence, a growing number of farm families during the first decades of the nineteenth century began to specialize in the production of grain or cotton and to use the cash proceeds from the sale of their crops to buy necessities. # / /// /

7Some analysts point out that because people are becoming accustomed to a steady inflation rate of four to five percent, businesses are finding that they can raise prices by this amount without provoking strong public reaction. # // //

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8Although it was once funded entirely by the government, the Victoria and Albert Museum was among the first of Britain's national museums to seek support from corporations and private donors and to increase income by increasing attendance. # ////

9 Under the restructuring, the huge organization that operates the company's basic businesses will be divided into five groups, each with its own executive. # //

10Temporary-employment agencies benefit not only from the increasing demand for clerical workers but also from the higher profits made in placing highly paid professionals, requests for whom have increased in the recent wave of corporate takeovers. # // /// ///
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11Although it claims to delve into political issues, television can be superficial, as when the three major networks each broadcast exactly the same statement from a political candidate. # ///

12The record of the past is always incomplete, and historians in writing about it inevitable reflect the preoccupations of their own time. # /// /

13Like virtually all of the nation's 50 busiest airports, New York's were built for an age of propellers, before jet planes weighing 800,000 pounds needed over two miles of runway. # 50 ///

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14Judge Lois Forer's study asks why some litigants have a preferred status over others in the use of a public resource, the courts, which in theory are available to all but in fact are unequally distributed between rich and poor. # Lois Forer / /// ///

15The visiting pharmacologists concluded that the present amalgam of Chinese and Western medicine is probably as good as, or better than, any other system that might be devised for the patients treated at the Nan Kai hospital in Tian-jing. # /// ///

16School desegregation has worked well in Buffalo, New York, in part because parents and teachers were given major roles in designing the city's magnet schools, because extra federal funds were allocated to make each school unique, and because the federal judge enforced desegregation orders. # // //
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17 Researchers have questioned the use of costly and experimental diagnostic tests to identify food allergies, such as to milk, disrupt normal behavior. # / that supposedly

18The number of mountain gorillas is declining so rapidly that the population was halved in the twenty years between a count made by George Schaller in 1960 and the one made by Dian Fossey in 1980. # //// 20 // George Schaller/ 1960 / / Dian Fossey/ 1980

19A recent study of ancient clay deposits has provided new evidence supporting the theory that global forest fires ignited by a meteorite impact contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs and many other creatures some 65 million years ago.

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# /// //// //

20 As Hurricane Hugo approached the Atlantic coast, it increased dramatically in strength, becoming the tenth most intense hurricane to hit the United States mainland in the twentieth century and the most intense since Camille in 1969. # Hugo / // 20 // 1969 Camille

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 1Galileo was convinced that natural phenomena, as manifestations of the laws of physics, would appear the same to someone on the deck of a ship moving smoothly and uniformly through the water as to a person standing on land. # //// /// /

2In astronomy the term red shift denotes the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth. # / // //

3The July 15 issue of the company paper will report on promotions, retirements, and other actions approved by the board of directors at its May meeting; the paper will also include obituaries.

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# // //

4Although fruit can no longer grow once it is picked, it continues for some time to respire, taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide, just as human beings do when they breathe. # // /

5The labor agreement permits staff reductions through attrition and provides increased pension benefits and a special early-retirement program to speed the attrition process. # //// /

6Once common throughout the Western plains, black-footed ferrets are thought to have declined in number as a result of the poisoning of prairie dogs, their prey. # // ///, ()

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7The most favorable locations for the growth of glaciers are not the cold, dry polar regions but the cool, moist middle latitudes, where there is abundant precipitation and where it is cold enough to allow some snow to accumulate year by year. # // /

8In the 1950's astronomers were divided between those who believed the universe began with a cosmic explosion (the "big bang") and those who favored the model of an eternal and infinite steady-state universe. # 50 / //

9Citing evidence that the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere has increased more than seven percent in the last 30 years, many scientists have expressed a fear that destruction of forests and continued use of fossil fuels will cause an irreversible shift in Earth's climatic pattern. # /// 30 ///
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10Prompted by new evidence that the health risk posed by radon gas is far more serious than was previously thought, authorities are advising property owners to test all dwellings below the third floor for radon gas and to make repairs as needed. # ////// ////

11In 1933 the rubber, clothing, and shipbuilding industries put into effect a six-hour workday, not as a temporary expedient but as a seemingly permanent accommodation to what many observers thought was an economy made overproductive by advances in technology. # 1933 / /////

12In December of 1987 an automobile manufacturer pleaded no contest to criminal charges of odometer tampering and agreed to pay more than $16 million in civil damages for having test-driven cars with their odometers
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disconnected. # 1987 12 // / 1600 // /

13The filibuster, a parliamentary device that slows the snail's pace that prevails even in the best of times in congressional sessions and tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems more and more an anachronism in the age of telecommunications. # // /// /// /

14The bank acknowledged that its difficulties are likely to continue as it attempts to deal with the precipitous fall of the dollar against the yen and the dislocations reflected in the stock market decline. # /// //

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15In terms of physics, the characteristic feature of the roller coaster is that the potential energy of the cars, gained as a chain drive lifts them through the Earths gravity to the top of the first drop, has been converted to kinetic energy by the time the ride ends. # /// //// /

16Just as plant species native to regions with browsing mammals evolved many natural antibrowser defenses (such as sharp spines and toxic chemicals), so humans in malarial regions have evolved dozens of chemical defenses against malaria. # /// // // /

17The expected rise in the price of oil could have a serious impact on industrialized nations and severely diminish the possibility of having an economy free of inflation. # ///
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/// 18Recent excavations suggest that the ancient peoples of the Italian peninsula merged the cult of Damia---a goddess of fertility and the harvest--with that of Venus. # //// /-- /

19Biologists believe that they have found one of the substances that tell individual genes both when to become active and when to remain quiescent in the earliest phases of an embryo's development. # /// //// /

20According to a panel of health officials, there has been a great deal of confusion in the medical profession about whether obesity is a biological disorder posing serious health risks or a condition more related to appearance than to health. # /// /// ///
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 ETS

1. Here is no consensus on what role, if any, is played by acid rain in damaging or slowing the growth of forests in the eastern United States. # / // ///

2William H. Johnsons artistic debt to Scandinavia is evident in paintings that range from sensitive portraits of citizens in his wifes Danish home, Kerteminde, to awe-inspiring views of fjords and mountain peaks in the western and northern regions of Norway.
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# William H. Johnson / Scandinavia// ///Kerteminde /// 3. In 1978 only half the women granted child support by a court received the amount awarded; more than a million others had no support agreements whatsoever. # 1978 /// //// 4According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, as it was of earlier generations. # // / 5Most large companies prefer customized computer software because it can be molded to fit the way a company does business, when off-the-shelf software often requires the company to alter its procedures to fit the software. # // / / 6The Forbidden City in Beijing, from which the emperors ruled by heavenly mandate, was a site which no commoner or foreigner could enter without permission, on pain of death. # //// / 7A migraine typically afflicts one side of the head, lasts for hours or days, and may recur as infrequently as once every other month or as often as daily. # / //// 8Unlike Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and other expatriates, William Carlos Williams insisted that poets honor their own regions and employ specifically American rhythms. # Gertrude SteinEzra Pound William Carlos Williams // 9According to some analysts, whatever its merits, the proposal to tax away all capital gains on short-term investments would, if enacted, have a disastrous effect on Wall Street trading and employment. # // ///
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10Some biographers have not only disputed the common notion that Edgar Allan Poe drank to excess but also questioned whether he drank at all. # // Edgar Allan Poe // 11Affording strategic proximity to the Strait of Gibraltar, Morocco was also of interest to the French throughout the first half of the twentieth century because they assumed that without it their grip on Algeria would never be secure. # / Gibraltar // ///// 12Unlike the honeybee, the yellow jacket can sting repeatedly without dying and carries a potent venom that can cause intense pain. # // /

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