Risk Governance: Implementing Policy and its Integration with Politics

Integrating Community-Based Disaster Risk Management into government policy and planning in Southeast Asia

Shesh Kanta Kafle

August 27 September 1, 2006 Davos, Switzerland

1 Asian Disaster Preparedness Center

Outline of the Presentation

Southeast Asia: A Risky Region Institutionalization of CBDRM Governmental commitments for DRM in SEA ADPC experiences Conclusions

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C ount ri es

Sout heast A a: A Ri sky Regi on si

K hazards of SEA ey
Severe M oderat e Low

Indonesia Philippines

E a r t h q u a k e , Fire, Drought, Flood, L a n d s l i d e , Tsunami Volcano, high wind Typhoon Typhoon, flood, Volcano, high winds landslide, T s u n a m i , Earthquake, Fire T s u n a m i Typhoon, Flood Landslide Flood Drought

Vietnam

Drought, Earthquake, Fire

Thailand

Typhoon, storm Wind surges, drought, e a r t h q u a k e , landslide, forest fire

Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (Source: Bildan 2003; Present study).

Governmental commitment in institutionalization of DRM in SEA countries

C bodi a am N M Pl an 1997 ( N yet approved) ; 2002-2003 act i on D ot pl an; C D st rat egi c Pl an 2005 B RM I nt egrat ed i nt o t he i s bei ng prepared 5 yr devel opm ent pl an; D act M

I ndonesi a

Lao PD R

N i onal D sast er M at i anagem ent St rat egy and A i on ct Pl an 2020; C D st rat egi c act i on 2005 B RM N i onal D sast er M at i anagem ent St rat egy and A i on ct Pl an 2001-2020; St rat egy and act i on pl an f or M t i gat i ng W er di sast ers 1994; C D i at B RM st rat egy 2005 N i onal D sast er M at i anagem ent Pl an; C D st rat egi c B RM act i on pl an 2005
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V et nam i

T m Lest e i or

Asian Disaster Preparedness Center

ADPC/UNESCAP/DIPECHO Partnerships for Disaster Reduction Southeast Asia Project (PDRSEA)

To create an enabling environment for institutionalization of CBDRM in the government policy-making and planning.

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Community-Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM)

CBDRM is a process in which at-risk communities are actively engaged in the identification, analysis, treatment, monitoring and evaluation of disaster risks in order to reduce their vulnerabilities and enhance their capacities. This means that people are at the heart of decision making.

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Institutionalization of CBDRM

A state where role of community groups is recognized by the government and their efforts are supported.

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Preconditions for institutionalization of CBDRM

Strong policy support Existence of formal organizations/institutional support A framework of disaster risk management Institutionalized budget Presence of dedicated, trained and competent personnel Political will at local level
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A conceptual framework for Institutionalization of CBDRM

Key national agency (Entry point) -Multi-sectoral

workshop -Strategic planning -CBDRM in donors planning -Advocacy -Research on operational capacity gaps -Criteria and Indicators -Database -Training curriculum Formulation of plans/policies for CBDRM Capacity building of communities and Government agencies

Framework development and action planning

Institutionalization of CBDRM into development process

Research and development of tools and techniques to support decision-making

Integrating CBDRM Into Planning process

Strengthening Networking and partnerships

-Media and disasters -Meeting with three regional committees -Regional networking -Online/web-based Networking -Bulletins

Ownership, resource generation, capacity, adoption of process and policy formulation

Asian Disaster Preparedness Center

Key Outputs and achievements

1. National strategic plan for CBDRM 2. Development of advocacy strategies and tools 3. Capacity gaps known 4. CBDRM Criteria and indicators (critical factors) 5. Database 6. Forum for sharing experience (Regional workshop, three committees meeting, webbased networking) 7. Standard Curriculum for CBDRM
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Lessons Learnt
1.Legal framework and provisions (Vietnam) 2. Bureaucracy (Indonesia) 3. Political instability (Timor Leste) 4. Political commitment (Laos and Cambodia)
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Conclusions
1. CBDRM integration into the socio-economic development process at local level 2. Interventions both at the policy level as well as the grassroots level necessary for quick and long lasting results 3. Policy amendments, resource mobilization, capacity enhancement of the community and governmental departments are prerequisites for an effective CBDRM practice

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Conclusions (contd)
4. Development of effective tools for CBDRM such as advocacy, C&I for assessment, standard curriculum; Research on capacity gaps and indigenous knowledge, information management, forum for sharing experiences and bureaucratic as well as political mobilization are necessary preconditions for institutionalization.

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Thank You

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